Verandas and terraces covered with polycarbonate. Polycarbonate veranda attached to the house. Preparing the floor and assembling the main structural elements

One of the main advantages of private houses is the ability to create additional comfort for residents. This can be achieved in different ways: by adding an attic and garage, building garden gazebo, bathhouse constructions. And, of course, rare owners of country real estate will refuse to have a terrace or veranda - it is these architectural elements that make a country holiday complete, and also participate in shaping the exterior of the house, endowing it with individual features and expressiveness.

For the construction of such buildings, along with traditional materials - wood, brick, stone and glass, transparent and colored cellular or monolithic polycarbonate is used. This modern building material has high operational properties and allows you to create aesthetic, reliable and functional translucent structures - stationary, sliding, closed and open type. Our article will discuss the possibilities of polycarbonate and options for arranging verandas and terraces with it.

Peculiarities

One-story or two-story country houses may have only a veranda or terrace, or provide both options for these buildings. Let’s immediately find out the fundamental difference between them.

The terrace is an open area with a monolithic or raised pile foundation. The external design of the terraces is largely determined by local climatic conditions. In the southern regions, a completely open option with plant fencing instead of traditional railings is justified, while in the central European part of Russia with a temperate continental climate, terraces are characterized by the presence of an awning or roof. The veranda can be conventionally called a closed terrace. In most cases, this covered room is not heated and forms a single whole with the main building thanks to a common wall or corridor as a connecting link.

For a long time, translucent structures - greenhouse pavilions, greenhouses, gazebos, canopies and all kinds of decor, were created from the widespread traditional light-transmitting material - silicate glass. But its high cost combined with fragility did not suit everyone.

The situation was changed by the appearance of polycarbonate - a high-strength and plastic material with high load-bearing capacity.

This building material is:

monolithic, having an external resemblance to silicate glass due to its flat, smooth surface and transparency;
steel in the form of hollow plates having a cellular structure. The shape of the cells formed by multilayer plastic can be rectangular or triangular.

Strengths.

It is light in weight. Compared to glass, monolithic sheets weigh half as much, while for cellular sheets this figure can be multiplied by 6.
High strength properties. Polycarbonate, due to its increased load-bearing capacity, can withstand intense snow, wind and weight loads.
Translucent qualities. Monolithic sheets allow light to pass through larger volume than structures made of silicate glass. Cellular sheets transmit visible radiation by 85-88%.

High sound absorption and thermal insulation characteristics.
Safe. If the sheets are damaged, fragments are formed without sharp edges that can injure.
Low maintenance. Caring for polycarbonate is reduced to washing with soapy water. The use of ammonia as a cleaning agent is prohibited, as it destroys the structure of the plastic.

The disadvantages of the material include:

low abrasive resistance;
destruction under conditions of intense exposure to UV radiation;
high thermal expansion rates;
high reflectivity and absolute transparency.

Provided a competent approach to installation, these shortcomings can be corrected without problems.

Project

Main value suburban housing is the opportunity to relax in the lap of nature. The presence of a terrace or veranda contributes to the full realization of this desire and guarantees the most comfortable pastime outside the walls of the house. At the same time, independently drawing up a project for these buildings has a number of features.

When designing a terrace, you need to consider some points.

It is important to calculate the height of the building so that the structure does not get wet.
Residents middle zone It is recommended to orient the building to the south. When the terrace is planned to be used mainly in the afternoon, it is logical to place it on the west side.
The ideal location of the extension implies a good overview of the designer beauties on the site against the backdrop of the surrounding landscapes.

In addition to building a standard outdoor area, there are several options to consider.

Combining the attic and terrace by creating a separate exit to the open area. This will create an ideal place for relaxation, where it is convenient to drink tea in the mornings or evenings, admire the picturesque views and enjoy the leisurely flow of country life.
Construction of a columnar foundation for a terrace. In this case, a roof is added to the building and, in essence, you get a spacious and comfortable open veranda.

If residents of warm countries mainly relax on verandas, then in our climate these premises have a wider range of applications and are classified according to several criteria.

Location and type of foundation. The veranda can be an independent structure or a room built-in and attached to the main building and, accordingly, have a separate base or a common one with the main building.

Type of operation – year-round or seasonal. Premises used only in the warm season are usually unheated and have light-protective curtains, blinds, shutters, and screens instead of glazing. Buildings with heating and double-glazed windows are suitable for full use during the winter season.

How to build?

Due to the frame assembly system and the ease of fastening of polycarbonate plastic, which is also lightweight, you can build a veranda on your own without involving outside specialists.

The technology of construction from polycarbonate is identical to the process of constructing verandas or terraces from any other materials and occurs in several stages.

a project for the future structure is being developed;
formwork is installed, after which the foundation is poured (strip, columnar, monolithic);
support posts are installed (beams can be used instead of metal profiles) and floors;
rafters made of wood or metal are installed;
The walls and roof are sheathed with sheets of polycarbonate plastic.

Regardless of the type of future construction - terrace or veranda, it is important to choose the right thickness of polycarbonate, calculating the wind and snow load taking into account specific operating conditions. Craftsmen do not recommend cladding external buildings with honeycomb polymer minimum thickness leaf.

If you sheathe a building with thin plastic, then under the influence of aggressive external environment the material will quickly lose its strength margin, beginning to deform and crack. Optimal thickness material for canopies is considered to be 4 mm, and canopies are best made from 6 mm sheets.

Open structures are lined with sheets 8-10 mm thick, while closed ones are sheathed with thicker material 14-16 mm thick.

Project selection

An open veranda with a pitched roof is suitable for a dacha. This roof option looks good on summer terraces, gazebos or small country houses. This coating provides a sufficient level of natural light, making the structure look light and airy.

You can install roller blinds on the façade as a windbreak, and cover the building at the ends with polycarbonate sheets. An alternative to a transparent roof can be the installation of a canopy lined with metal tiles.

The light transmittance of monolithic polycarbonate is no worse than that of silicate glass. Therefore, arched closed structures with a semicircular plastic transparent roof, due to which internal insolation is multiplied many times over, can serve as greenhouses or conservatories with the onset of winter.

Round structures are easy to build, except for the only inconvenience in the form of a protruding external wall, which is compensated by the increased internal space of such a building.

The advantages of square or rectangular buildings are compactness and easy assembly, thanks to the correct geometry of the structures.

The construction of a two-story terrace attached to the main house allows you to use the upper platform for sunbathing, and on the lower tier, due to the shady canopy, you can relax comfortably. The upper platform is fenced with railings on a metal frame lined with monolithic polycarbonate.

The popularity of arched modules that combine the roof with the walls is due to the possibility of creating multifunctional sliding verandas with manually adjustable glazing area. Moreover, in appearance, such designs look aesthetically pleasing and stylish due to their smooth and elegant lines.

Design

The construction of a terrace or veranda allows you to connect the enclosed space of your home and nature into a single whole and opens up wide possibilities for the design of these buildings.

Fencing. They can be made protective or decorative, for example, in the form of a low, elegant fence or pergolas - canopies of several arches, decorated with vines or potted compositions of bright hanging plants. The perimeter is well decorated ornamental shrub and flowers.

Instead of a standard roof, you can use a removable awning, retractable awnings, or a portable umbrella.
When a terrace or veranda is not attached to the house, but is located separately in the yard, then a path is used as a connecting link between the buildings. To decorate the path, spotlights built into niches on the ground cover or LED lighting plus one or more openwork arches to create the effect of a luminous tunnel are suitable.

For a summer veranda or open terrace, it is advisable to choose plastic in muted dark colors– smoky, tobacco shade, bottle glass color with a grayish or bluish undertone. Being in red, blue or bright green on your porch can be irritating.

When the frame is made of wood, then after antiseptic treatment and varnishing the wood acquires a reddish color. In this case, brownish or orange polycarbonate is selected for the roof. Such tones help create a relaxing atmosphere and increase the color temperature of the veranda interior.

To protect the structure from ice formation in the cold season and prevent snow avalanches, gutters and snow catchers are installed.
It is better not to take risks and not to use arched modules, since it is extremely difficult to install a domed veranda yourself. Due to minimal errors, the design begins to “lead”.
Avoid fastening sheets with overlaps, which leads to accelerated depressurization of the structure and, as a result, leaks. For this purpose, connecting profiles must be used.

Correct fastening of connecting profiles implies a minimum depth of 1.5 cm into the profile body, and the profiles themselves must be made exclusively of aluminum.
It is advisable to install the roof at an angle of 25-40°, so water, dust and leaves will not linger on the surface, forming puddles and piles of debris.
It is strictly forbidden to use PVC profiles. Polyvinyl chloride is sensitive to UF rays and, due to its chemical properties, is incompatible with polycarbonate plastic.
To protect cellular polycarbonate from damage, the sheets are sealed with a special tape, and ends are put on the corners. The protective film is removed upon completion of all installation operations.

Beautiful examples

Polycarbonate goes well with a wide variety of building materials; in this regard, it is considered universal. Structures made from this material look great against the background of houses lined with PVC siding, harmoniously complement brick buildings and do not clash with wooden buildings. We invite you to verify this with examples in the photo gallery.

Among constructive solutions verandas made of polycarbonate, one of the most practical in operation and interesting in terms of design are those with sliding side walls and a roof.

When it gets cold outside or it rains for a long time, the open veranda can easily be transformed into an insulated indoor space.

Want to expand your home on a budget and keep your kitchen cooler on hot summer days? Or do you dream of a transparent extension from which you can admire the lush blooming roses and romantic autumn leaves? For these purposes, a polycarbonate veranda attached to the house is perfect - the photos of such solutions exude comfort and coziness. Open or closed - this building can have different designs depending on its purpose and the desires of the owners of the site.

How to choose the right material for construction

In order to choose the right polycarbonate for the veranda, you must first think about what you want your extension to look like. Will it be a heated room or an open summer structure? Are you planning to admire a beautiful view or want to protect yourself from the prying glances of your neighbors?

Open veranda with transparent roof

Colored material provides shade on hot days

In what cases is monolithic polycarbonate needed?

Molded polycarbonate is more preferable in the following situations:

You want to make an unheated extension by covering the walls with opaque material. Colored monolithic sheets look much more luxurious and rich than cellular polycarbonate (CPC). But they have absolutely no heat-saving properties!
You need to build completely transparent walls or a roof. Colorless injection molded polycarbonate is completely transparent, like glass. Whereas multilayer honeycomb sheets distort the view.
You are planning to make the veranda a relaxation area and do not want to hear unnecessary sounds. SPK, unlike its monolithic counterpart, tends to crack quite loudly when the temperature changes (especially in the evenings). This occurs due to the expansion and contraction of the material, as well as due to its friction against the supporting structures.

Veranda made of injection molded polycarbonate

Advice! To reduce cracking, it is necessary to use a sealant between polycarbonate sheets and metal, and also lay them so that they can “breathe”. That is, do not pinch the material with profiles and washers, leaving a gap for expansion.

In addition, with injection molded polycarbonate there is no need to use profile tapes and special tips. Water will not accumulate in it, dirt will not collect, as well as small insects that spoil appearance designs.

But this material also has obvious disadvantages:

high price (cost square meter 5 times higher than the price of SPK);
if the overhang length or wall height is more than 3 meters, you will have to make a joint or overlap, which is undesirable when using this material;
It’s not possible to make a warm room from MPC.

Cellular polycarbonate – are the cost savings justified?

Cellular polycarbonate is much cheaper than monolithic. But is the game worth the candle? Is such savings justified when building a polycarbonate veranda with your own hands?

For a closed heated building, you need to use only cellular polycarbonate. Moreover, if you make double sheathing with a distance of 20–50 mm between the SPK sheets, then the extension to the house will turn out to be really warm!
If there is a high snow load, it is too expensive to use thick monolithic polycarbonate. Similar in its technical specifications a honeycomb sheet will cost several times less! For example, with a load typical for the Moscow region (180 kg/sq.m.), monolithic polycarbonate should be no thinner than 6 mm, and cellular polycarbonate should be no thinner than 10 mm. The cost of these materials is 1,966 and 397 rubles per square, respectively.
The deflection of the sheet of SPK is less than that of monolithic polycarbonate. Therefore, when there is a high wind load, it is better to use honeycomb sheets for construction. Otherwise, the roof of the veranda will rise and fall in waves.

Verandas made of polycarbonate with a multilayer structure

Transparent veranda - to be or not to be

The photo shows how a transparent polycarbonate veranda gives a feeling of unity with nature and allows you to solve many issues. So, you can calmly watch the children while preparing a family dinner, or admire the beauty of the garden while drinking tea.

But transparent sheets can only be used if the extension is located on the north or north-east side. When the veranda is oriented to the south or west on hot summer days, it will turn into a steam room!

Transparent monolithic polycarbonate roof

What is the way out of this situation:

use milky polycarbonate (it is almost transparent, but provides shading);
paint the veranda for the summer with special paint (it can last 2, 4 or 6 months, as there is information on the label);
use transparent inserts in a monolithic roof;
make a ventilation system (provide opening windows).

Gable veranda with transparent roof

Project of an open veranda made of wood

Wood and polycarbonate go well together, especially if the bronze shade of the latter is chosen. Wooden structures visually soften the coldness polymer coating and allow this material to “breathe”.

Construction of the foundation - how to make the building reliable

The question of how to build a polycarbonate veranda with your own hands begins with laying the foundation. For an open building, a columnar base will be sufficient:

After clearing the area, it is necessary to drill 80x15 cm holes with a garden drill.
The pitch of the pillars must be calculated based on the thickness of the polycarbonate chosen for the roof. So for a sheet with a thickness of 8 mm, one notch will be required every 52.5 cm, with a thickness of 10 mm - every 70 cm, and with a thickness of 16 mm - 1.05 m.
Cover the walls of the holes with roofing felt, install the formwork and lay out the columns of brick and concrete.
After the cement has set, install the embedded plates for further installation of the timber.

Embedded support for timber in the foundation

Load-bearing structures – durable wooden frame

After the foundation has settled, it’s time for the load-bearing structures:

Install load-bearing structures on a closed galvanized beam support, pre-mounted in brick pillars. Glued laminated timber 100x100 mm is suitable for this purpose.
Make the bottom trim and install the logs from 50x150 mm boards.
Make corner steps.
Lay the floor from a tongue-and-groove board 38x100 mm, leaving gaps for drainage of water falling on the veranda during slanting rains.
Install rafters on the roof from 40x100 mm boards.
Cover the roof with polycarbonate sheet.
If cellular polycarbonate is selected, treat the ends with a special tape and secure with clamping profiles and thermal washers. If monolithic polycarbonate is installed, use thermal washers, pre-drilling holes wider than the screw leg by about 2–4 mm. This will protect the structure from distortions when temperatures change.

Advice! You can attach the timber to the wall using concrete screws installed every half meter, and the floorboards using anodized screws.

Final finishing and the importance of details

It would seem that the veranda for the polycarbonate house is almost ready. But in fact, there is still quite a lot of work ahead:

Coat all wooden structures with special impregnation or paint. First the support pillars, and then the floor.
Install railings and pergola for climbing plants(to do this, select grooves in 10x20 mm slats with a router and insert them into each other to form a cell of 150x150 mm). Cover these elements with paint or impregnation.
Cover the railings and one of the corners with polycarbonate.

Railings and pergola to decorate the veranda

Advice! Light curtains will give the veranda a more lived-in look, and lighting will add a festive mood.

LED lights with curtains

Let's calculate the budget for a veranda for a house made with our own hands from polycarbonate:

logs and pillars - 14 thousand rubles;
floorboard - 13 thousand rubles;
supports for fastening poles, logs 7.5 thousand rubles;
polycarbonate and components – 12 thousand.

Additionally you will have to spend money on protective equipment and paint for wood, as well as pay for delivery of the material. In total, the cost of such a building will cost 50–55 thousand rubles.

Even a veranda built according to all the rules can quickly become unusable and require expensive repairs. The main problem with such extensions is their inability to withstand harsh winters.

What techniques will make the veranda durable?

How to make a polycarbonate veranda reliable:

Provide protection against icicles and avalanches of snow if the roof of the veranda is under the roof of the house. To do this, it is necessary to install snow guards, drainpipes and a metal mesh stretched over brackets with an overhang equal to the overhang of the extension roof. The purpose of such a mesh is to absorb the impact of snow and crush icicles so that they do not penetrate the polycarbonate.
Try to avoid using cross profiles. They make it difficult for snow to melt and can cause the structure to collapse. This happens due to the fact that snow accumulates in the places where the crossbars are attached, causing excess load on the load-bearing supports and pushing through the polycarbonate.
Abandon arched structures, since it is very difficult to carry out the installation of a domed veranda yourself. And the slightest error will lead to the structure simply “driving.”
Do not attach polycarbonate with an overlap - only with the help of connecting profiles. When connected with an overlap, the structure quickly becomes leaky, which guarantees leaks.
Attach connecting profiles correctly. The depth of entry into the profile must be at least 15 mm, the profile must be aluminum only. Under no circumstances should PVC structures be used! They are not resistant to UV radiation and are incompatible with polycarbonate in their chemical composition. This means that the sheet will simply crack at the contact points.
Cellular polycarbonate should be covered with special tapes and ends. In addition, the ends must be mechanically secured to the sheet to prevent them from being pulled together by snow and falling ice. And also - make drainage holes and leave a gap between the sheet and the protective element for water drainage.
It is better to provide a closed veranda at the stage of building a house and install it on the same foundation as the permanent structure. Otherwise, the extension will eventually move away from the wall and form cracks.

Photos of the original attached verandas

Taking as a basis a photo of a polycarbonate veranda attached to a house, you can create your own project.

Who among the owners of a private house does not dream of a real terrace? This small extension can be an option for expanding your home, but to make it functional and comfortable, it needs to be done correctly. Often, options with a transparent roof are chosen for arranging an extension. A polycarbonate roof for a terrace can be an excellent option for making this wish come true.

First, a few words about what a terrace is. This is an extension that allows you to be at home and outside at the same time, allowing you to combine comfort and relaxation in the fresh air. As a rule, these extensions turn out to be very light and visually spacious, since they have large areas of glazing - walls, roof, etc.

The terrace has many functions - it allows you to relax here, arrange summer option kitchens or make playrooms. Often on holidays the whole family and friends gather under the roof of the terrace for a big meal. festive table, and such gatherings become truly magical and homely.

You can build a terrace from various materials. Gas blocks, bricks, and wood are used. But most home owners want the veranda to be as bright as possible. Then transparent materials come to the rescue - glass and polycarbonate. The latter is quite often used to construct the roof for this room.

On a note! Regardless of what shape and type the veranda will be made, it is very simple to construct. You won’t have to spend a lot of effort on its construction. Usually this design has the simplest frame and simple roof.

Table. Main types of terraces.

Type	Description
	It is located, as you might guess, right at the entrance to the house. The extension is made in such a way that when leaving the house, a person first finds himself on the terrace, and only then on the street.
	Such a terrace will encircle the entire house in a circle. Very often it is performed open or has the simplest frame.
	This terrace is located on the sunny side of the house on the second floor. It will allow you to build a cozy solarium there for sunbathing.

The types of roofs on terraces can also be different - for example, simple pitched roofs, arched roofs, reminiscent of a greenhouse in shape. And there may not be walls at all - only supports. It is worth choosing the configuration of the terrace at the design stage - the choice of types of materials, as well as their quantity required to create the building, will depend on this.

On a note! A terrace can sometimes be called a veranda, but this is not entirely correct, although it is not prohibited. The fact is that the veranda differs from the terrace in the floor height. For the first, it will be located on the same level as the foundation, and for the second, it will lie on the ground. There are no other special differences between these two buildings.

Features of polycarbonate

Why is polycarbonate often chosen to create transparent roofs? It's simple - this one polymer material has a number of advantages that allow it to surpass in many characteristics ordinary glass that is familiar to many. This is good transparency, but at the same time the absence of a tendency to serious deformations under mechanical influence on the coating, the ability to better retain heat, and a lower price.

Polycarbonate happens cellular and monolithic. The first consists of two thin sheets of transparent plastic connected by stiffening ribs. It is quite flexible and flexible material, which bends easily and retains heat well due to the air located between the two polymer sheets. The material has transparency, but not as good as the monolithic version.

Monolithic polycarbonate is more reminiscent of glass in appearance. It is absolutely transparent and has higher strength characteristics. There are no voids inside, which is why the material retains heat worse. This type of polycarbonate is actively used in construction, but costs several times more than cellular coating. Greenhouses are usually made from cellular polycarbonate.

On a note! Unfortunately, polycarbonate, especially cellular, is not without its drawbacks. It still remains a rather fragile material compared to other roofing coverings, it is easily scratched, and the cavities inside it can become clogged and the coating will no longer look presentable.

But anyway polycarbonate is one of the most commonly used materials for creating terrace roofs. It is lightweight, but at the same time quite durable, thanks to which it is able to withstand certain snow loads, and can bend if necessary to design a sloping roof. It is also easy to install; even a beginner in construction can cope with the task of arranging a polycarbonate roof. At the same time, the material allows light to pass through and makes it possible to obtain a fairly warm room due to its low thermal conductivity.

Attention! Closed terrace, having a roof made of cellular polycarbonate, must necessarily have windows that can be opened. In hot weather it will be very difficult to be under such a roof - the “greenhouse effect” will work. That is why it is often recommended to use colored polycarbonate rather than transparent, since it transmits less light and it is easier to create an optimal temperature regime.

Prices for cellular polycarbonate

Why is a polycarbonate terrace a great option?

A polycarbonate terrace has a number of advantages. That is why roofing is often made from this material. It is different:

light weight;
no need to use heavy equipment during construction;
large selection of colors;
excellent strength and ability to withstand moderate snow and wind loads;
harmlessness from the point of view of ecology and human health;
long service life.

Most of the disadvantages of polycarbonate can be circumvented with proper care of such a terrace, but it is worth knowing about them. This is the possibility of cracks appearing in places where the material is attached to the frame, the occurrence of fragility of the coating if the protective film on the outside of the material is damaged, as well as the possibility of clogging of channels (honeycombs), which will lead to a decrease in heat retention, as well as an unflattering appearance of the roof.

When designing a terrace, it is important to take into account a lot of aspects, including its size - it should not be too small. Minimum size – 12 m2. This will provide enough space for relaxation.

On a note! The shape of the roof also matters. But the simplest option, which does not require any hassle either when creating a frame or when installing a roof covering, is a pitched flat roof.

It is important to first draw up the most accurate drawing that will allow you not only to imagine what the extension will look like, but also to calculate the amount of materials needed for construction. The frame itself is easiest to make from metal or wood. Sometimes block supports or brick bases are used.

Only after this is the purchase made necessary materials and fastening elements. When purchasing polycarbonate, do not forget about special profiles and components for it. In some cases, you can do without them, but then the roof may lose its appearance and collapse faster.

Table. Polycarbonate profiles.

Profile	Description	Appearance
U.P.	The end profile has dimensions of 4, 6, 8,10, 16, 20, 25 mm x 2010 mm. Necessary to protect the ends of the material from debris and insects getting into them.
TO	Ridge, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16 mm x 6 m. Allows you to connect individual polycarbonate sheets at the top point without leaving gaps between them. This will prevent roof leaks.
HCP	Detachable docking, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16 mm x 6 m. Needed to connect two adjacent polycarbonate sheets. The lower and upper parts of the profile are separated to facilitate installation.
HP	One-piece docking, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm x 6 m. Needed to connect two adjacent polycarbonate sheets. The profile is not parsed, unlike the previous version.
U	Corner, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm x 6 m. Allows you to connect sheets that are at right angles to each other.
F	Wall-mounted, 4, 6, 8, 10 mm x 6 m. Will prevent water from getting between the roof and the wall. Provides thermal insulation to this area.

A powerful foundation for such a terrace is not needed, since most of the materials used are very light. It is enough to form concrete screed up to 10 cm thick. For support posts, recesses up to 50 cm will be sufficient.

Attention! When purchasing polycarbonate and calculating its quantity, it is important to remember that the sheet has standard sizes– 305 x 205 cm. The thickness of polycarbonate can be different (the best option is 4-6 mm). To reduce the amount of waste generated, it is better to take the length of the roof slope the same as the length of the sheet.

Prices for polycarbonate profiles

Polycarbonate profiles

Creating a foundation and installing supports

Let's look at how the process of building a terrace occurs. Let's start with the foundation. In this case, it will be an economical option.

Step 1. Using a bayonet shovel, the future contour of the trench is marked in the location chosen on the site.

Step 2. A ditch is created under strip foundation. You can also make formwork from wooden boards.

Step 3. Lays in the ditch broken brick, fittings. In this case, the reinforcement must be installed vertically at the locations where future roof supports will be installed.

Step 4. The ditch is filled with concrete and the strip foundation is dried.

Step 6. Polyethylene is laid around the perimeter of the base. It can be pressed down with pieces of bricks.

Step 7 The base is covered with sand, the sand is well compacted.

Step 8 The base can be decorated with decorative borders.

Step 10 The support is placed on previously installed reinforcement protruding from the base in the area where the supports are installed. Plinth base and Bottom part the supports are coated with cement mortar. The support is leveled.

Step 11 The internal cavity remaining between the reinforcement and the support wall is filled with concrete mixture.

Step 13 The wooden columns are already prepared - there are holes for reinforcement in their lower parts. The underside of the columns is also coated with mastic.

Step 14 Next, each column is installed on a plinth - they are put on the protruding reinforcement and installed on small concrete supports. To prevent the columns from tipping over, they can be secured with wooden slopes.

Step 15 A beam is installed on top of the two columns at the end of the extension, connecting them to each other. Next, all columns are connected by strapping beams. Thus, a ready-made frame for the terrace is obtained, and the most simple system rafters for the roof.

Installation of polycarbonate roofing

Step 1. Polycarbonate sheets are cut to size if necessary. To do this, you can use any wood cutting tool.

Step 2. The edges of the protective film covering the sheets are folded over the entire perimeter of the material. Next, a special tape is glued to the ends to protect against dust. Also, all ends of the installed sheets must be covered with protective end profiles.

Attention! When cutting connecting profiles when installing on a curved structure, it is important to take into account that their bending radius is greater than that of the sheets themselves. Therefore, they should be slightly longer than the polycarbonate sheet itself. The easiest way is to trim them after installation.

Step 3. Polycarbonate is laid up with the side that has UV protection. As a rule, a protective film is glued to this side. The direction of the air channels should be oriented along the roof slope. This will allow moisture to escape naturally.

Step 4. Each sheet is aligned along the roof ridge. The bottom edge of the sheet should protrude slightly beyond the edge of the entire structure.

Step 5. A base profile is attached along the end edge of the roof. Fixation is carried out with special self-tapping bolts located on the center line of the profile.

Step 6. The sheet is fixed along the eaves of the roof. The first and last screws will be screwed in at a distance of 15 cm from the edge of the sheet. The rest are at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Holes with a slightly larger diameter than the screws themselves are drilled into the material at the fastening points.

Attention! Fastening polycarbonate should only be done with suitable fastening material - self-tapping screws with seals.

Step 7 After fixing the end sheet and installing the base profile, a clamping profile-cover is attached along the end edge of the roof.

Step 8 To connect individual polycarbonate sheets in a row, it is recommended to use detachable connecting profiles. In this case, first the lower part of the profile is fixed on the roof frame, then polycarbonate sheets are laid, and only then the top part profile.

Step 9 Upon completion of installation, the protective film is removed from the polycarbonate surface. The work has been completed.

If polycarbonate is installed on a curved structure, then it is important to remember the maximum bending radius of the material. You cannot bend it, otherwise it will break.

Prices for popular models of screwdrivers

Screwdrivers

Video - 6x3 terrace made of timber and polycarbonate

Video - Terrace with a polycarbonate roof

This is, perhaps, all the information you need to know in order to cover your terrace with polycarbonate yourself. If you use all the necessary components, then the work will pass quickly, and the result will be excellent!

Over time, the owner of a private house or cottage begins to think about how to increase the usable living space inexpensively and without wasting time. One of the most available options You can use a polycarbonate veranda attached to the house. Many people want to set up a summer recreation area, but unfortunately have no idea where to start. You can hire professionals and then you will definitely be guaranteed delight and praise from your guests at the sight of a beautiful and comfortable extension. On the other hand, it is not at all necessary to entrust all the work to specialists; this article will step by step discuss all the nuances of building a cozy, small veranda made of cellular polycarbonate with your own hands. Everything is much simpler than it might seem, as the proverb says - the eyes are afraid - the hands do.

What is cellular polycarbonate?

A distinctive feature and advantage of polycarbonate is its material and design. Polycarbonate consists of several layers with stiffening ribs. Inside, between the ribs, air is contained; due to the air, the thermal insulating properties of the veranda material are manifested. Polycarbonate has established itself as the most cheap material, due to this, it is quite possible to afford more expensive types, by the way, the choice of models is large and varied. Small hallway in Khrushchev design and photos. They differ in a variety of colors and the number of additional layers, which provide greater strength and reliability. From the point of view of the environmental component, carbonate is not like wood and does not allow air to pass through it.

What types of verandas are there?

The most popular building options are of the following types:

With a sloping roof. The roof is made at a degree of 30-40 degrees so that snow and rainwater couldn't stay. Gable roof will permanently save the building from leakage.

With an arched roof. Arches are placed on the frame and polycarbonate sheets are attached; thanks to its flexibility, the material allows you to implement the most daring solutions.

Semicircular veranda;

Open veranda;

This article discusses the stages of building the most common veranda with a sloping roof; this option does not require special knowledge and takes less time and effort.

So where to start?

The first stage is to choose the location for future construction. Even if an attached veranda was not planned during the construction of the house, it can be located anywhere. It is visible from the main entrance and there was an accessible passage to the house. You can attach it to the side of the house; as a rule, there are no restrictions when choosing a place, it all depends on your imagination and possibilities.

Construction begins with removing excess debris and clearing the area for the extension; if there is a porch, it should be dismantled. We are deciding on a place for construction. On which side of the main building will the extension be located, where will the entrance be, and so on.

Making the foundation for the veranda

The veranda will not be very heavy, unlike thick-walled, insulated ones winter verandas. For a polycarbonate veranda, the simplest columnar foundation is suitable. Such a foundation is a series of columns arranged in a row, in places where the main load of the structure will be expected. To begin with, you should draw up a construction plan and mark the location of the pillars on the site. In these places you need to dig holes measuring 1 m deep and 0.5 m wide; it is better to place them at a distance of 1-1.5 m from each other.

After this, pour sand into the holes in a layer of 20 cm and on top of 10 cm of crushed stone. After this you can pour it into the holes cement mortar. You can also pour concrete. We insert a reinforcement grid for the stability of the building. If there is a problem with the fittings, you can leave unnecessary metal parts in the monolith. At this stage, you need to calculate the proportions when preparing the solution. You can order the solution from construction companies, or you can make it yourself using following proportions:

60% crushed stone;

30% sand;

10% cement;

It is better to stir the mixture on a flat area. Ideally done on a concreted area. We pour in some sand and cement, mix everything thoroughly, add crushed stone, make a hole in the mixture, which we fill with water. It is better if two workers with shovels are involved in the process. They stand opposite each other and knead. Concrete mix make it thinner under the foundation. After this, the finished substance is loaded into buckets and distributed throughout the trench.

After filling and 12 hours, the top of the monolith is scraped to level it. Now work must be suspended for at least 5 days for the monolith to set. If you do not follow the proportions or if there is insufficient water, you can get a low-quality solution, and as a result, over time, the foundation will crumble and collapse.

After the solution has hardened, you can begin to lay out brickwork - columns, and the height of the masonry should be 30 cm lower than the future finished floor. If you want to save a little, you can make cavities in the masonry by filling them with crushed stone or brick waste. For greater reliability, plank formwork can be made around the perimeter of the pillars and filled with cement mortar. After the concrete has hardened, the wooden formwork should be dismantled. The next day after concreting, trim the monolith with a trowel to give it a smooth shape.

Be sure to put waterproofing on top of the masonry and coat the brick with bitumen, this will protect the brick from external natural factors. The material used is roofing felt sheets. Pay attention to equal spacing and the masonry must be at the same even level. Are used stretched threads and threads with weights that are hung on the corners of the building.

Making a frame for the future veranda

The frame is made from any available material, most often bars with dimensions of at least 10x20 cm are used, although if you can afford it, then buy a ready-made metal profile, here you have the right to decide for yourself.

The frame begins with the installation of the lower tier; for this purpose, timber is used, which is laid along the perimeter of the building and fastened to each other with nails or staples. On the second tier, a horizontal beam with grooves for the vertical supports is laid; as a rule, they are made every half a meter, but for some reason many people neglect this rule. After installing all the vertical supports, it is necessary to make the top ligament. To do this, use a long beam, the far end should be placed under the roof of the house, the near end should be screwed to the supports on anchor bolts. This procedure is necessary for a strong, reliable roof; the roof of the veranda must be connected to the roof of the house.

Making a roof for our veranda

If the roof of the veranda should be placed under the roof of the house, then it is important to make it a continuation of the main roof. If the veranda is located perpendicular to the house, be sure to make the roof tight to the house. Rafters are installed on the upper beam of the vertical supports at a slope; the slope is needed so that water cannot stay on the roof and flows off it. The rafters are installed on each vertical support, leading them under the roof of the house; the second edge of the rafters should be longer and hang over the frame. Lathing is made on the rafters, a board is used for this, the distance between the boards is taken into account based on what roofing material You will for the roof:

Ruberoid. Such material requires continuous lathing, without long distance between the boards. It is secured to the roof using slats and nails. A soft roof is not reliable or durable; even a small hole leads to leakage.

*Crushed stone. An old proven method of covering a roof, but it’s a thing of the past. Snow on such material gets stuck and melts, possibly dampening the rafters and causing the roof to leak.

Profiled sheeting. Reliable and durable roofing material. It is attached to the sheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber washer every 50 cm. The sheets are stacked on top of each other in 2 waves, the excess is cut off with a grinder. We maintain the slope and lay the sheets in one direction to completely prevent the roof from leaking. If the roof is adjacent to the house, use a metal strip, which is bent in half lengthwise and screwed one side to the wall of the house, the other is attached directly to the roof. Don't forget to use a level so that the slope is equal and correct.

Polycarbonate. You can make a veranda from this material. Nuances when using polycarbonate as a roof. They are screwed onto self-tapping screws, having previously drilled holes for them in the polycarbonate. The internal stiffeners must be parallel to the direction of the rafters.

Wall and floor stage

When building such a veranda, a warm floor is not required; it is enough to lay thick boards tightly together. Previously, transverse beams from timber are installed under the future floor to the lower tier. The main thing is not to bend when walking. You will need a level. All that remains is to cover the walls with polycarbonate sheets. Holes for screws are drilled in the frame. There are 2 ways to attach sheets to the frame:

Using bolts with washers, under which rubber gaskets are placed, to avoid damage to the polycarbonate.

Using a special sealant, the sheets are attached end-to-end to each other and aluminum tape is glued at the joints to ensure the tightness of the joints.

You should be aware of the thermal expansion of polycarbonate under the influence of sun rays, during installation it is necessary to maintain clearances. The construction is intended for the summer season.

Polycarbonate verandas are thermally insulated and allow sufficient light to pass through; windows can be made if desired. Install between vertical supports cross beams. This will be the window opening, order a window or make an opening for the existing window frame.

Construction of a veranda takes no more than two months and, according to people’s reviews, is profitable and a good decision to increase the area of the house. At minimal cost, you can build a room loved by guests and household members. A convenience worth spending time and effort on.

Few people enjoy being forced to stay indoors in hot or stormy weather. Therefore, verandas are added to almost every private building using various materials. A revolutionary phenomenon in the creation of such structures was the appearance on the market of such building material like polycarbonate.

Fig.1. Polycarbonate veranda attached to the house

Properties of the material and features of the design of structures made from it

As can be seen in Figure 1, this material is available in a variety of designs. Please note that tinted sheet material in a cellular design was used for the roof, and the walls were also constructed. And the window openings are made of monolithic polycarbonate, completely transparent. Polycarbonate is produced with various fillers that change light transmission up to complete opacity. The structure of the material in a cellular design, with maximum transparency, transmits up to 95% of the light flux, while the image becomes blurred.

Polycarbonate sheets can be easily bent during installation, which allows you to create original designs, which are a real decoration of the exterior of the site.

Fig.2. Veranda made of bent monolithic polycarbonate

Please note that the veranda from Figure 2 allows you to move the walls apart so as not to turn it into a greenhouse, in which staying in will not bring pleasure. Options with sliding walls can be fundamentally different, as shown in Figure 3.

Fig.3. Veranda with sliding elements made of bent polycarbonate

When using bending of this material, it must be taken into account that the minimum possible bend radius is 150 thicknesses sheet material. So, with a material thickness of 4 mm ( minimum size) the product can be bent with a radius of at least 600 mm.

However, the use of this technique is not always used due to the increased complexity of installation. That traditional forms of execution of veranda premises are used with the installation of doors and windows in the usual design.

Fig.4. Polycarbonate veranda with fireplace

Device heating device in the form of a stove will allow you to comfortably spend time in such a room even in the cold season.

It should be noted that polycarbonate is absolutely non-flammable and can withstand temperatures up to 600 degrees, after which it simply decomposes to a gaseous state without releasing harmful substances. Also, the wide applicability of this material is due to its strength properties. It withstands the impact of large branches when strong wind and is resistant to impacts even from stones. And if it still manages to be destroyed, then no traumatic fragments are formed.

Veranda construction

Such a room differs from a terrace in that the floor level in it is arranged at the level of the foundation of the house, while the floor of the structure in the second version is placed directly on the ground.

Support base

Considering the ease of the veranda extension, it is clear that it does not require a powerful foundation. Perhaps the best solution in this case would be a pile foundation with a grillage as the least labor-intensive and costly option.

Fig.5. Pile foundation with a grillage for a wooden floor for a veranda

The use of screw piles eliminates concrete work and saves time and money.

Bearing structures

Can be used as a veranda frame various materials, including:

wood blocks;
profiles made of non-ferrous metals in the form of various products made of aluminum-based alloys;
square or rectangular steel pipes;
plastic profiles.

The choice depends on the availability of a particular material on the local market. Wood is most often used; in our country, wood is the most common. You can almost always purchase steel hollow profiles.

If the roof of the veranda will be made of profiled sheets or metal tiles, they are almost always used wooden beams, with lathing. Treated and tinted wood is durable and visually excellent.

When using metal profiles, an arched structure is usually made from bent elements. In this case, bending can be done with your own hands according to a single template or ordered at the nearest enterprise that produces building metal structures. To do this, you need to complete at least a preliminary design of the veranda and submit drawings (sketches) of the arches to the contractor.

Installation of polycarbonate sheets

The standard sizes of forms of this material are 2050 x 3050 – 12000 mm with thicknesses from 4 to 25 mm. Therefore, before designing a veranda, you need to check the availability of material sizes on the market and calculate the length of bent profiles with a minimum number of joints.

For the construction of a veranda adjacent to the house, cellular and (or) monolithic polycarbonate with a thickness of 4 - 6 mm is used.

Attention! Before the beginning installation work Do not remove the protective film from the sheets. This is done upon completion of work.

To seal the structure, you can use special sealants applied to the surface load-bearing structure before laying sheets. Porous rubber seals are also used.

A wall profile is installed at the upper end of the cellular polycarbonate sheet F, preventing moisture from entering the honeycomb structure.

The edges of the forms are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws using shock-absorbing washers.

Important! Taking into account the high coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the material, the holes for the screws should be 2 - 3 mm larger diameter screws

If there are joints, they must be made using joining profiles in a detachable or one-piece design.

Something to remember! Polycarbonate is produced with a protective film against ultraviolet radiation, which should be oriented outward.

When installing polycarbonate sheets, you need to avoid impacting them with your own weight, so you need to use temporary ladders or scaffolding.

Screwing fasteners onto cellular polycarbonate must be done all the way, but without allowing any overtightening or distortion.

Fig.6. How to properly attach cellular polycarbonate

Further development of the veranda room

Summer is rightfully considered the most comfortable season for a person and therefore his desire to “preserve” this heavenly time in separate room. A great place for this is a spacious, well-built veranda.

Looking from the outside, many people think such a structure is expensive. beautiful toy. This is actually serious engineering structure, which requires constant care, but in return provides constant physical activity and the result in the form of the opportunity to enjoy the smell of flowers and clean, healthy air all year round.

Providing for the further development of the veranda in winter Garden, already at the design stage it is necessary to lay down a number of technical solutions for this:

a more reliable option for insulating a room in the form of thicker polycarbonate with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm. If the creation of a winter garden was not initially planned, a solution may be to install additional glazing with thin polycarbonate from the inside;
installation of a heated floor on the veranda, which will not only serve as a means of heating the air in the room, but will warm the soil, creating comfortable conditions for the growth of tropical plants;
the possibility of heating the air in the winter garden due to the heating system of the main residential building in combination with a heated floor system; the optimal temperature regime for tropical plants, as well as for residential premises, is 20 - 22 degrees;
installing a fireplace not only as an additional source of heat, but also for purely aesthetic purposes;
Ventilation of a winter garden requires ventilation openings of about 25% of total area walls, double-glazed windows are most effective for this.

The additional costs incurred to give an ordinary veranda a higher status of a winter garden will be more than repaid by improving the living conditions in the house.

Fig.7. Polycarbonate winter garden equipped on the veranda

Analysis of cost estimates for a veranda

The costs of constructing a veranda are determined based on the completed preliminary design and includes the main articles:

Construction of the support base. For this you will need the following materials:
- Screw piles - at the rate of 1 piece per 2 linear meters support beams.
- Support beams made of softwood timber: for tying the outer belt measuring 150 x 150 mm, for floor joists - 150 x 50 mm, the distance between the joists is 750 mm.
- Support plates are made of sheet steel 4 mm thick at the rate of 1 piece per pile.
- Fasteners in the form of self-tapping screws with a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 50 mm - at the rate of 8 pcs per pile.
- Angles made of sheet steel for attaching the ends of the logs to the timber frame - at the rate of 4 pieces per log.
For the frame of the veranda, in accordance with the project, a timber made of coniferous wood, a board for sheathing.
Roof finishing material.
Roofing fasteners.
Fasteners for mounting the frame.
Polycarbonate in accordance with the project and additional elements for it.
Materials for antiseptic and fire treatment wood based on one-time processing of all parts.

The cost estimate must include the cost of delivery of materials. It is advisable to increase the total amount by 15 percent as a reserve for unforeseen expenses, which you can rarely do without.

Conclusion

The veranda is necessary element building that improves living conditions in the house, and it is advisable to build it together with it, including it in the initial project. If for some reason this was not done, then completion is always possible. As can be seen from the text above, the process is quite simple to do it yourself. Feel free to take on this work and good luck to you!

Video compilation

The video below shows 53 options for polycarbonate verandas.