A cushion under your feet for sleeping. Pillow after hip surgery. Why is an orthopedic pillow so useful?

Progressive orthopedic leg pillows are made in compliance with the anatomical silhouette. They were developed by orthopedic specialists recognized in their field. If you want to buy an orthopedic pillow for your feet in Moscow, you can ensure that the joint joints take a natural position when using the product. Tired legs will also get proper rest. It is worth using the products for those who suffer from varicose veins, and even during pregnancy. The pillow will also help those who get tired while walking or suffer from joint problems: arthrosis or arthritis. It will be useful in case of swelling, spasms, leg cramps, and sitting for a long time.

Anyone who wants to get original design, which is equipped with special inserts. The latter allow you to adjust its location if necessary. The product provides ideal support for the leg muscles and joints.

What features do pillows with ortho properties have?

The creator of the product received a patent for the form used. The products correspond to the maximum consumer anatomy and necessarily take into account the precise transition from the muscles of the heel to the joints of the knees. This is quite an important circumstance if you focus on the calf muscles.

The material for the production of such pillows is high-quality polyurethane with a unique elasticity parameter. The product has a memory effect in relation to the shape of the legs - this is a very important circumstance in case of swollen veins, the presence of painful wounds or abrasions. The innovative coating with an anti-slip effect allows for convenient use of the product during sleep.

In our orthopedic salon you are offered the opportunity to buy an orthopedic leg pillow in Moscow. These products are easy to care for and can literally transform your feet, give them strength, restore health and provide maximum comfort.

In addition, ortho-pillows in the form of bolsters will be the optimal gift for friends and family. Even strong and healthy legs need rest and preventive measures. This gift will tell you without words how much you value the health of your relatives and want to take care of them.

Whereas we make every effort to take care of you, and therefore we can offer a wide variety of products, prompt purchase processing, attention from our specialists and attractive discounts with optimal delivery methods for you.

The innovative orthopedic foot pillow has an anatomical shape specially developed by leading experts. With its help the joints lower limbs will be located optimally correct location. And tired legs will receive a long-awaited healing rest. Such rest is constantly required when:

• Varicose veins
• Pregnancy
• Tiring walking
• Joint diseases (arthrosis, arthritis)
• The occurrence of swelling, spasms and cramps in the legs
• Standing for a long time (costs of some professions)

The unique design of the pillow has additional inserts, which makes it possible to change its level if necessary. Optimal support for heels, ankles, and calf muscles is achieved.

What is unique about orthopedic foot pillows?

The patented shape of the orthopedic pillow best matches the anatomical geometry of the human legs, the exact transition from the gluteal muscle to the knee joint, taking into account the oval of the calf muscle.

1. The material used is elastic, high-quality polyurethane with the effect of remembering the shape of the legs (which is very important for bulging veins, painful wounds or abrasions)
2. Special anti-slip coating ensures comfortable use while sleeping

An easy-to-care, beautiful orthopedic pillow for your feet, which you can buy here, will radically change the life of your feet, making them cheerful, healthy, and comfortable.

Do you love to travel?

But how to take a large pillow with you on the road? It's simple. You can buy a Venoteks orthopedic pillow for your feet. When folded, it measures only 20 x 15 cm. You can even place it in a handbag. To make the pillow ready for use, you need to use a pump (it is included in the kit).

Are you looking for a gift for your loved ones?

Orthopedic pillow under your feet Trives, Venoteks, bolster pillows will delight all your relatives and friends. Even completely healthy legs require rest and prevention. Such a gift is a real care for your loved ones.

We want to bring you pleasure not only with our products, fast processing order and the attention of our consultants, but also pleasant discounts and any delivery methods (courier, pickup, Russian Post).

For people suffering from varicose veins or swelling of the lower extremities, experts recommend using an orthopedic leg pillow. It can also be used by professional athletes or those who engage in heavy physical labor, as it perfectly relieves fatigue. The pillow can be used to prevent diseases. There are several types of anti-varicose pillows depending on their purpose, as well as different fillers. Let's consider the features of each type and the features of choice.

Scope of application

Before choosing the right orthopedic foot pillow, it is worth understanding what it is for and where it is used.

For what ailments can the product be used?

• Phlebeurysm.
• Swelling of the legs.
• Nagging pain in the legs.
• Rheumatic disorders.
• Muscle pain.

When choosing, the person’s weight is also important. If a person has a lot of weight, then it is worth choosing anti-varicose pillows that are large in size, and also made of durable and elastic materials.

Advantages and disadvantages

Experts note that there are practically no downsides to orthopedic products. What matters here is right choice, it is necessary to take into account not only the recommendations of a specialist, but also personal preferences and anatomical features of the body.

It is especially important for people with a tendency to allergic manifestations to choose a filler material. In addition to popular fillers, there are also unusual options, such as buckwheat husk or wool. They have their own advantages and are considered the most environmentally friendly material, but they are expensive price category.

Regardless of the chosen model or pillow filling, as well as the advantages or disadvantages of a particular product, all manufacturers provide a guarantee for their products for up to ten years.

Kinds

	Peculiarities
	It has a pillow shape consisting of three cushions different diameters. The place with the smallest cushion is located under the kneecap, and the feet lie on the largest part of the product.
	The cube pillow has several supporting supports that have depressions for the ankle. Can be used both lying down and sitting.
Transformer	The product is attached just below the kneecaps and is usually used while sleeping. Fixing the pillow increases the comfort of sleep even when lying on your side and at the same time normalizes blood flow, thereby achieving a therapeutic effect.
Universal	It is the largest in size, since you can sit on it at full height.
Contour	Very similar in appearance and nature of impact to a cube. Also has several supports and cavities for the shins.

Types of filler

There are many companies producing orthopedic foot pillows, as well as many types of products. But all of them can be divided into several subgroups, which will help with final choice to the end consumer.

Main types of filler:

• Latex. Most popular look filler that has positive characteristics. This pillow bends well and does not lose its original appearance for a long time, that is, it has a fairly long service life. Natural latex pillows are highly durable. Thanks to this, normal blood circulation in the legs is restored, and the light surface protects the skin from bedsores in case of indications for bed rest after surgery in the treatment of varicose veins.

• Polyurethane foam. It is of fairly high quality, and besides, polyurethane foam products are in the middle price category. The filler consists of small balls that have previously undergone anti-allergenic treatment. A pillow made of this material is elastic, durable and not subject to deformation. Excess liquid is absorbed well without leaving any traces. But to avoid unpleasant odor From sweat, products should be ventilated at least once every few months.

• Thermoplastic foam. This is new innovative look foot pillow fillers. The material is made from polyurethane foam, which in turn has been widely used in industry for more than four decades. Distinctive feature and a significant advantage is the ability of this product to remember. A person, placing his feet on a pillow for the first time, starts this process. The pillow remembers all the features of a person’s curves and retains this shape. The product also has increased strength and elasticity. The disadvantages include the high cost, as well as the ability to use the pillow by only one person.

You can see that the price, as well as the properties of the product, directly depend on the fillings of the pillows. There are also inflatable models. Phlebologists, specialists in the study of venous diseases in humans, note low efficiency in the use of inflatable pillow options.

In addition to the main and most popular fillers, there are also pillow options made from buckwheat husk (the most environmentally friendly material), bamboo fiber, cooling gel, mini-springs, algae, wool (camel or sheep), natural down, padding polyester, silicone or holofiber.

Contraindications

There are no contraindications as such to the use of an orthopedic leg pillow. Of course, if a person has an individual intolerance to the components from which the filler is made, then you should refrain from using it. In this case, it is better to choose a filler made from hypoallergenic materials, for example, from natural latex, which practically does not cause reactions or allergic manifestations in anyone.

It is also not recommended to use a pillow if there are open wounds on your legs. This is especially true for the place where the skin comes into contact with the pillow. First of all, it is not hygienic. In addition, dust or dirt that is on the pillow can get into open wounds, which can lead to infection or illness over a longer period of time.

Features of choice

When treating varicose veins, an additional therapy is an orthopedic leg pillow; reviews of this product are very positive. In addition, this item can be used as a prophylaxis or for increased swelling of the lower extremities.

You can get confused in the variety of models, shapes and fillers. But there are universal tips for choosing a truly high-quality anti-varicose “helper”.

How to choose the right orthopedic pillow?

1. Choose the size of the pillow depending on the weight (the more a person weighs, the larger the product should be).
2. If the foot pillow will be used by several family members, then you should choose products with adjustable height.
3. Give preference to purchasing from specialized retail outlets and choose only certified products to avoid counterfeits (high-quality products and their fillers do not cause allergic reactions on the skin, unlike unknown analogues).
4. The filler must be made from natural materials.
5. Pay attention to the rigidity - it should be medium so as not to deform, and also be able to adapt to the shape of the legs.
6. For advice before making a choice, only consult a specialist who will help you choose the best option for an existing problem with the lower extremities.

The orthopedic leg pillow does not require special and constant care when used as prescribed. Of course, like any product with filling, if you jump or gallop on it, it loses its shape and noticeably decreases in size. Also, do not fluff or shake out the pillow, as this will only deform it.

The shelf life of a pillow directly depends on how it is used. If you treat the product with care, then it will last for many years and can significantly reduce pain in the legs.

If the pillow is not used for some time, then it is better to place it in a special case and leave it in a well-ventilated area. Like any thing, it is afraid of high humidity.

As used outer material or the upholstery of the pillow itself may become dirty. It is better to wash by hand at a temperature not exceeding 50 degrees. After washing, the pillow should dry under natural conditions, preferably on the balcony, not on the radiator.

One of the useful and effective measures for the treatment of diseased veins of the lower extremities is the use of a leg pillow for varicose veins. Thanks to this device, you can improve blood flow in the veins and fight the disease not only in an active state, but also during sleep.

An orthopedic leg pillow for varicose veins is a special device that can improve the venous circulation in the legs during rest and sleep.

Pillow action

This orthopedic product works as follows:

• Facilitates the well-being of a person suffering from varicose veins;
• Prevents the progression of the disease;
• Helps maintain the tone of the veins of the lower extremities;
• Relieves fatigue;
• Prevents swelling and a feeling of tension in the muscles;
• Improves blood circulation.

Why is an orthopedic pillow so useful?

This device is effective in the early stages of the disease. At the very beginning of the disease, a person experiences a disturbance in the outflow of blood in the legs, an increase in venous pressure in the vessels, as a result of which varicose veins are diagnosed. In the first stages of the disease, you can do without medications. It is enough to give your feet rest, and for this, in addition to wearing the right shoes and therapeutic knitwear, you need to use an orthopedic pillow.

The advantage of this device over other methods, methods of prevention and treatment of varicose veins is that its use does not require consultation with a specialist.

This is because a foot pillow for varicose veins can under no circumstances cause harm to human health. With constant use of this therapeutic device, people quickly experience symptoms of the disease.

Filler selection

Leg pillows for varicose veins can be filled with different fillings. Which orthopedic product to choose depends on the person’s preferences and ability to pay:

Filler	Peculiarities	Life time	Price
Polyester	The product is light and airy. The pillow provides good support for your legs while you rest. Made from polyester. Suitable for allergy sufferers	10 years	1000 rub.
Keeps its shape perfectly. Helps improve blood circulation in the legs at the initial stage of the disease	15 years	3500 rub.
A pillow made of this material follows all the anatomical curves of the legs, allowing you to evenly distribute the load. The material does not heat up	15 years	4000 rub.
Repeats the anatomy of the legs, helps improve blood flow, removes the first signs of varicose veins	15 years	4000 rub.
Buckwheat husk (husk)	The legs on such a pillow are in an elevated position. This is a pillow with a double effect: orthopedic and massage	5 years	1000 rub.

Shape selection

Depending on the location of the product, pillows are divided into the following types:

• Roller. This is a pillow that consists of 3 parts: small, medium and large cushion. During sleep, the device should be positioned so that the smaller cushion is under the knees and the larger one is under the heels. Due to the elevated position of the legs, the orthopedic accessory improves local blood circulation.
• Transformer. This pillow is attached to the lower limbs at knee level. It is suitable for people who sleep on their side.
• Cube. This pillow is folded into 2 parts: for the right and left shin. The shape of this product is suitable for people who prefer to sleep on their back.

When choosing a pillow for your feet for varicose veins, you need to take into account the length of the product. There are 2 types of pillows: some are long and others are short. For varicose veins and swelling of the lower extremities, experts recommend using long structures.

What other parameters need to be taken into account

In addition to the shape, size and composition of the filler, it is also important to pay attention to the rigidity and height of the product. So, it is better to buy a pillow in which you can adjust the height. Such products are equipped with special inserts, which are height adjustable.

In terms of hardness, you can choose the option of soft, hard or medium hardness of the product.

Correct use and care

For a pillow to really help cope with varicose veins, you need to properly care for it:

• This product does not accept rough handling. You cannot jump on the pillow or fall on it, as such actions will quickly destroy its structure.
• The pillow should be washed when it gets dirty. Only hand washing is allowed at a temperature not exceeding 40 degrees. IN washing machine Can be washed, but only on delicate cycle. You should also carefully read the instructions for use of a particular pillow, because there are models for which washing is contraindicated (for example, orthopedic accessories with buckwheat filling).
• Orthopedic products should be dried outdoors.
• It is best to store the pillow in a special case.

Price

The cost of an orthopedic pillow depends on the class and type of accessory. Goods Russian production are cheaper than foreign analogues. The cost of a domestic orthopedic product starts from 1 thousand rubles and can reach up to 7 thousand rubles. Also included in the price is the cost of the cover in which the pillow is stored. It is impregnated with special antibacterial agents that increase the life of the device.

You can buy orthopedic pillows made in Poland, China, and Turkey. If we talk about premium pillows, then you need to choose products that are made in Germany, France, and Italy.

Best models

5th place. Sissel pillow model PN 0001, size 50x70 cm

This pillow helps relieve swelling, cramps, tired legs, and venous insufficiency. It is recommended to be used not only for varicose veins, but also for blocked veins, diseases of the leg joints, and spasms in the calves.

The product is made of foam rubber. The shape of the pillow resembles a wedge that can be installed at a suitable height.

This product is adjustable depending on the anatomical features of the person.

The cost of the Sissel pillow model PN0001 is about 2.5 thousand rubles.

4th place. Wedge pillow K-804 Comf-Ort

The filler of the product is polyurethane foam. The cover is natural, cotton. The height of the pillow is adjusted using a special wedge. The product is easy to care for: the removable cover can be machine washed. The pillow itself can be washed by hand. Product dimensions: 65x18x52 cm.

Production: Russia. Price - 2.5 thousand rubles.

3rd place. Venoteks inflatable pillow

The product is made of polyester. Consists of three sections: small, medium and large. The advantage of this orthopedic product is its compactness. After all, the pillow is inflated with air. The pump is included.

Each section of the orthopedic accessory swings independently of the other. Thanks to this property, maximum convenience and comfort is created, because the user can choose the appropriate shape for himself. This pillow is mobile: it is easy to transport, so you can take it with you on the road. When folded, its dimensions are 15x20 cm.

Manufacturer: Russia. Price - 2.5 thousand rubles.

2nd place. Triangle pillow Dormisette

Material: polydisperse foam Komfort, breathable, elastic material. This pillow is ideal for people who sleep on their back. The legs on the product are positioned so that the knees are raised and the feet are lower. This relieves pressure in the legs and normalizes blood flow.

The pillowcase is 70% cotton and 30% polyester.

Manufacturer: Germany. Price - 4 thousand rubles.

1 place. Tempur Leg Spacer Cube Pillow

This is a compact pillow (dimensions: 27x20x20 cm), which folds into two parts. The product is made from quality material(viscose) having a cellular structure. This pillow provides complete comfort for your feet. The product helps to quickly relieve pressure in the legs and also serves as an excellent prevention of varicose veins.

Production: Denmark. Price – 6 thousand rubles.

Pillow bandage

For those patients who have severe varicose veins, a special model of orthopedic accessory is recommended - a pillow-bandage. This product is attached to the legs using Velcro. The pillow is filled with spherical glass balls coated with silicon. The filler of the product is so unique that it even promotes the resorption of small blood clots, the reduction of varicose nodes, and the disappearance of the venous network.

The secret to the effectiveness of such a pillow-bandage is that there are negatively infected microspheres inside the structure. They are able to draw out positively charged particles, thereby purifying the blood, breaking down platelets, and normalizing vascular blood flow.

The procedure for completely replacing the knee joint with a prosthesis in some cases becomes the only way to get rid of excruciating pain and maintain limb mobility. She is very complex and responsible. After endoprosthetics, the patient needs to constantly develop the damaged area and maintain muscle tone. Rehabilitation takes at least important place than the operation itself; An important part of recovery is therapeutic exercises.

Exercise therapy is a necessary rehabilitation element after knee joint replacement; it cannot be neglected!

Serious operations are performed only in specialized clinics, where a specialist in physical therapy is required to work. For each patient, he develops an individual training program, taking into account age and health status. Complexes are always based on general actions - it is the basic exercises and the rules for their implementation that we will consider in this article.

What exercises are recommended after knee replacement?

Physical therapy is a central part of rehabilitation after surgery and installation of an endoprosthesis. Its content varies depending on the stage of recovery - the entire period is divided into five steps:

Name	Term	The main purpose of exercise therapy
Early preventive	First postoperative week	Adaptation of the endoprosthesis, warming up muscle fibers and ligaments, normalizing blood circulation
Early tonic	Second week	Independent development of muscles and getting used to the prosthesis
Late	From 15 days to three months	Development of the functionality of the endoprosthesis
Adaptive	3-6 month	Full adaptation and return of limb mobility
Prophylactic	After 6th month	Maintaining muscle tone and joint performance

Each stage has nuances and includes the whole complex exercises aimed at proper rehabilitation. Also, postoperative recovery includes other measures required to improve the quality of life of the operated patient:

• physiotherapy;
• massage;
• lifestyle correction;
• taking vitamins;
• nutrition correction.

The exercise therapy program is built in stages - we will analyze in detail each step towards recovery.

Early preventive period

For the first week after surgery, the patient remains under the supervision of a doctor and physiotherapist. The task of therapeutic exercises at this time is to adapt to new sensations, “revitalize” weakened muscles and bring blood circulation back to normal. All exercises are performed under the supervision of a specialist:

1. Circular, rotational movements of the foot clockwise and counterclockwise - alternately.
2. Flexion and extension of the toes.
3. Movement of the foot left and right, forward and backward.

These habitual actions seem difficult and complicated the day after endoprosthetics, especially for those who have limited leg mobility. Primary development of the joint also helps to avoid blood stagnation and the formation of clots, and normalize blood pressure. The patient will have to relearn how to stand up and walk, and short but regular movements of the ankle will make this task easier.

In the first week after knee joint replacement, you need to perform the following exercises:

1. After making an effort, press the back of your knee into the bed, holding the muscles under tension for five seconds. We do it alternately for each leg, 10 times.
2. Tighten your gluteal muscles, holding them tight for five seconds - one at a time and together.
3. Lying on the bed, slightly bend your leg at the knee, pulling it towards you, without lifting your feet from the bed. Alternately, 10 times.
4. Without bending your leg, lift it up and move it to the side - slowly and carefully. There should not be any severe pain.

At the early rehabilitation stage, gymnastics is performed lying down, with great care and under the strict guidance of a doctor. The complex must be repeated several times a day - regularity of exercise is considered the basis for effective recovery.

The movements may be uncomfortable at first, but they should not cause significant pain. If you feel sharp pain when bending, lifting or moving your leg to the side, immediately inform your doctor.

If the outcome of the surgical intervention is positive, already on the second or third day the operated patient can get out of bed, but this is done extremely carefully and in the presence of a doctor. You need to get up like this:

• lean first on the leg with a healthy joint;
• before lifting, the limb with the prosthesis is first pulled forward without bending;
• support is needed - crutches, a headboard, and so on.

When trying to take the first steps, do not lean on the operated leg yet - it is only allowed to lightly touch the floor with it without standing up. The endoprosthesis must “get used to” and fall into place, so the first week of therapeutic exercises is gentle and as careful as possible.

Early tonic period

The second week is devoted to the adaptation of the operated person to an artificial joint in the knee; at this stage he learns to walk again. As before, movements are performed under professional supervision. If the dynamics of recovery are positive, the doctor will prescribe the following exercises, which are performed standing, supported by something stable:

• pulling your leg towards you, bending it at the knee;
• lifting and abducting the limb to the side;
• lifting and retracting.

They begin to take the first careful steps using crutches, gradually transferring the load to the operated leg. The complex for developing a knee endoprosthesis includes slow and short walks, thanks to which the patient will quickly get used to the artificial knee. Other procedures recommended at this stage are also intended to make exercise therapy more effective:

• physiotherapy;
• massage;
• taking painkillers.

Care in implementing each of the listed measures is the main requirement for proper rehabilitation. In the second week, preparations are made for discharge home, so the load on the knee increases every day. A specialist will draw up a complete complex individually, conducting two or three classes and monitoring the correctness and accuracy of their execution.

Late period of rehabilitation

This stage is also called home, because if the dynamics of recovery are positive, the patient is discharged from the hospital after two weeks. Now his task is self-execution physical actions that will help you get into the usual rhythm of life and learn to take care of yourself in everyday life again. It is important to control sensations - exercise should not cause sharp and unbearable pain. Movements are made smoothly and accurately. The late rehabilitation period includes the following exercises:

1. Sitting on a chair or bed and raising your leg, bend your ankle and make circular movements with it.
2. Tone and tighten your hip and gluteal muscles.
3. Standing at a support, lift your straightened leg forward approximately 45 degrees, holding for five seconds.
4. Raise the limb by bending the knee.
5. Move it to the side and back, staying in this position for a short time.

These exercises are basic in the body recovery program after knee replacement. Their implementation tones the muscles, improves blood circulation, and develops a prosthesis.

The patient can regain full mobility of the operated limb in a shorter period of time by regularly performing a simple complex independently at home.

Initially, actions are performed with mandatory support on a stationary and stable object. As recovery progresses, the program expands and adds:

More details

• squats;
• walking up the stairs;
• exercise on an exercise bike;
• step;
• water gymnastics.

The duration of walks gradually increases, but you should not remove the crutches. By the end of the late stage they will be replaced by a cane, but for now you should move with support. Separately, it is worth considering learning to walk on stairs - this process may seem impossible at first, but it perfectly trains the operated leg and speeds up recovery.

Stair walking tactics

• The first step onto the step is taken with the healthy leg, then the operated limb is placed, and the crutches are moved last.

• Step down with the sore limb, then move the crutches and only then the healthy leg.

You should start walking up the stairs - going down after surgery is much more difficult. The first classes are conducted with an assistant who will provide support. Taking independent steps up the stairs is not immediately permitted.

Adaptation period

Three months after surgery, the patient’s life has almost returned to normal. However, gymnastics and physical therapy should not be stopped - on the contrary, the loads increase. Regular classes will help you quickly master everyday activities.

To these should be added:

• walking;
• exercise bike;
• swimming.

These activities maintain muscle tone and saturate the blood with oxygen. However, excessive stress should be avoided, because the operated limb remains a vulnerable spot. Physical therapy after installation of an artificial joint of the knee bones includes the following restrictions and prohibitions:

• lifting weights;
• football;
• jumping;
• aerobics;
• skis, roller skates.

It is advisable to perform the base (flexion-extension, leg lifting) with a weighting agent. It is strictly forbidden to bend the limb at the hip joint more than 90 degrees or make sudden jerks with it.

Preventive period

After complete tissue healing, rehabilitation is considered complete, but even six months after endoprosthetics, therapeutic exercises are necessary. At this time, physical activities help maintain muscle tone and limb mobility, so you should not neglect at least minimal exercise. Household procedures - walking, driving, going up and down stairs should no longer cause pain, but do not forget to be careful. Avoiding sudden movements will help avoid possible complications.

Continue to exercise at home, periodically stretching your leg. To do this, lift it while lying down 90 degrees, pull it to your chest, bending the knee, perform a half-squat with support, move the raised leg to the side and back, standing at the support and without it.

Watch an informative video with basic preventive actions after endoprosthetics during rehabilitation and during the preventive period:

Massage after knee replacement: basic rules

The recovery program after installation of an endoprosthesis is not limited to gymnastics. This is a set of measures that will speed up the recovery and return of the operated patient to normal life. Massage is another important component of post-operative recovery, but it must be performed with extreme caution.

Therapeutic gymnastics in the first months can cause discomfort and joint swelling - there is no need to be afraid of this. Massage at this stage will improve blood circulation, prevent blood clots, and relax the muscles.

Do not under any circumstances try to massage the vulnerable spot yourself. Only a specialist can perform postoperative massage correctly and without the risk of complications!

A properly performed massage will help reduce pain from movements - even normal walking after knee replacement will cause discomfort at first. Massaging the limb will make it easier general state, will accelerate tissue healing.

Other measures

In the case of endoprosthetics, recovery time is no less important than the surgical process itself. The nuance of replacing the knee joint is that the limb will have to be restored to tone and its functionality constantly maintained, otherwise the effectiveness of installing the prosthesis will be in doubt. Therefore, rehabilitation does not end after two weeks, a month or even six months - you need to constantly monitor the health of the operated leg.

Treatment of joints Read more >>

Early rehabilitation begins the very next day after surgery, lasts two weeks and moves into the adaptation period after discharge from the clinic. To perform the simplest activities, no additional equipment or training equipment is required.

Be sure to include in the program:

1. An exercise bike is a common method of rehabilitation medicine that has a positive effect on joints and muscles. A noticeable advantage of an exercise bike is the ability to individually adjust the load level, which reduces the risk of complications due to exercise therapy.
2. Knee development machine. An excellent example is the Artromort K1 device, designed to increase the functionality of the endoprosthesis after joint replacement. By using special devices, physical therapy will become easier and better quality.
3. Walking on crutches - in the first months after surgery, then start walking with a cane. Leisurely walks are one of the basic elements Exercise therapy after knee arthroplasty. At first, you cannot do without support; subjecting the operated area to excessive loads is strictly prohibited. You can walk independently only after the tissues have healed and the muscles have strengthened, approximately three months later.
4. Almag - the advertised device actually has an extremely positive effect on the joints, creating a magnetic field, reducing swelling, improving blood circulation and eliminating pain.
5. Swimming - careful exercise in water is encouraged three months after surgery.

Let's talk separately about postoperative restrictions. Endoprosthesis replacement is a complex procedure that can cause complications, so you should avoid:

• MRI procedures - sometimes magnetic resonance therapy is excluded due to the presence of metal elements in the prosthesis;
• some sports where sudden movements of the legs are made (for example, football). You also cannot engage in team sports;
• baths and saunas - high temperatures in the first month after surgery, they can provoke the appearance of blood clots, so it is better to be patient and wait before visiting the bathhouse.

The rehabilitation program after replacing the knee joint with an artificial prosthesis also includes adjustments to lifestyle and nutrition, and it is advisable to give up bad habits. Only a set of measures will give real result. However, physical therapy is an important and integral part of the recovery period.

Types and methods of treatment of hip fracture

In medicine, when we talk about a fracture of the hip joint, we mean a violation of the integrity of the neck of the femur or the acetabulum of the pelvis with concomitant damage to the arteries, veins, joints and nerves. The hip joint is like a hinge and is involved in walking, running, and bending the body.

Due to its anatomical features and functions, a fracture of the hip joint is the most severe limb injury in the practice of a traumatologist. Let's consider the types of fractures in this area, the features of first aid medical care, subsequent treatment and other aspects.

• Anatomy of the hip joint
• How does a fracture occur?
• Types of hip fractures
• Causes of injury and risk groups
• Symptoms of a hip fracture
• Diagnosis of a hip fracture
• Features of treatment for fracture
• Rehabilitation after hip surgery
• Let's summarize information about the injury

Anatomy of the hip joint

The hip joint has a spherical shape and is designed in such a way that it has three axes of movement:

• frontal - for flexion and extension of the legs;
• sagittal - to move the leg to the side and return to its original position;
• vertical – for rotation of the pelvis and tilting of the torso.

This multifunctionality of the hip joint is ensured by its special structure. Without going into anatomical details, we can say that the head of the femur is located in the acetabulum of the pelvis. The articular capsule in this place is designed in such a way that, on one side, it is attached along the circumference of the acetabulum, and on the other, to the femur below its neck.

It turns out that the head of the femur is located inside the articular capsule and works like a hinge. The supply of nutrients to the hip joint is carried out using the medial and lateral arteries, which go around the femur. Innervation is carried out through the branches of the sciatic, femoral and obturator nerves.

How does a fracture occur?

The complex anatomical structure allows the hip joint, in addition to movement in three planes, to withstand significant physical loads. However, this is precisely the case when apparent strength can turn into weakness.

The thin femoral neck and bones near the acetabulum break due to various accidents. Due to the rupture of nearby arteries, the supply of nutrients to tissues is disrupted, bleeding occurs, and bones do not heal well. Infringement or damage to nearby nerve branches provokes severe pain, even painful shock. The classification of a hip fracture as a serious injury is explained by the combination of these factors.

Hip fractures are the most difficult to treat in older people. In a person aged 50 years and older, the musculoskeletal system loses its former strength and bones can break even if they fall during icy conditions. Simultaneously with the disruption of bone tissue structure, the functioning of other organs deteriorates, which complicates the choice of treatment tactics.

Types of hip fractures

In traumatology, it is customary to classify fractures of the pelvic bones in the acetabulum area according to severity: simple and complex (see table).

In this case, fractures are almost always accompanied by dislocation of the hip joint.

As for the femur, its fracture can be of the following types:

• major – fracture of the head;
• subkopital - a segment of the fracture passes along the base of the head;
• transcervical – localization in the area of ​​the femoral neck;
• basicervical – there is a fracture of the femoral neck and, at the same time, its body.

The task of the traumatologist is to determine the type of fracture based on x-rays. Based on the nature of the injury, a decision will be made on the method of surgical treatment.

Causes of injury and risk groups

A fracture of the hip joint occurs if the resulting physical load is higher than the maximum permissible. In most cases, injury occurs when a sharp and strong impact to the thigh area:

• during an accident;
• due to a fall from a height;
• with strong targeted impacts.

In this case, the likelihood of a fracture depends on the health status of the victim. We have already written that the described injury often occurs in older people due to a violation of the structure of bone tissue. In addition to this problem, there are a number of others:

• postmenopausal period (from about 50 years old);
• the presence of osteoporosis - a chronic decrease in bone density;
• congenital malformations of bone tissue.

For people involved in active and extreme sports, the risk of getting a hip fracture is approximately 1.5-2 times.

Symptoms of a hip fracture

A person who has suffered a fracture of the hip joint is somehow not in the mood to clarify the symptoms. But there are situations in life when loved ones or just random people get into trouble. By what signs can you recognize an injury and what should you do before the ambulance arrives?

Symptoms to watch out for.

1. Pain in the groin area. In a calm state it is weak, but when trying to move it sharply intensifies. Similar to the pain of a hip hernia.
2. The foot of the injured limb, as a rule, is in contact with the outer part of the horizontal surface.
3. Turning the foot or knee inward is impossible (the victim experiences severe pain).
4. There is a strong pulsation of the blood vessels, which can be felt when palpating the thigh.
5. An injured person can bend his knees, but at the same time the foot, without changing position, slides along the surface.
6. Due to the structural features of the joint, a hematoma may not appear immediately, but 2-3 days after the incident.

There is no need to check all the signs on the victim. In most cases, a person unconsciously tries to make habitual movements with the injured limb. You just need to observe the reaction, the position of the leg and foot, and draw conclusions.

How to give first aid

Keep the patient at rest until the doctor arrives. If possible, place him on his back and secure him with belts around the waist, hip and knee joints.

When performing these actions, listen carefully to the victim’s reaction. In most cases, the pain from a hip fracture is so severe that the person cannot speak. In this case, watch your lips: if you aggravate the condition with your actions, the victim’s lips will turn pale. You can give a painkiller, but do not forget to tell the name of the painkiller to the emergency doctor.

Diagnosis of a hip fracture

When diagnosing an injury, the doctor pays attention to the symptoms described above. This allows medical worker make a preliminary diagnosis. To confirm the initial conclusion, the victim is sent for an x-ray. It is based on the results of the x-ray that the final diagnosis is made.

In some cases, a CT scan may be required. Using this method, the doctor can understand whether there are any pathologies in the area of ​​injury that may interfere with therapeutic measures.

If, based on the results of the x-ray, the need for surgery becomes obvious, the doctor writes a referral for other examination methods:

• Ultrasound – if there is a suspicion of damage to organs in the pelvic cavity;
• MRI - if the ultrasound result cannot be accurately interpreted.

Additionally, a general blood and urine test is taken, and allergy tests for anesthetics are taken.

Features of treatment for fracture

Treatment tactics are selected based on the nature of the fracture, damaged bones, individual characteristics of the patient and other factors. Let's consider medical care options for a femoral neck fracture.

Conservative treatment of a fracture

Conservative treatment tactics are well suited for young patients. Its essence is to apply a hip plaster cast with abduction of the injured leg by 300 and subsequent fixation. After 3 months, the doctor allows you to move on crutches in such a way as to eliminate physical stress on the damaged bones.

You can only step on your leg if the femoral neck is fractured after six months. For other damages, the period may be increased or decreased. At favorable course a return to a normal lifestyle is possible after 7-8 months.

The application of a plaster cast to the hip area is practically not used in the treatment of fractures in older people. At this age, such tactics provoke complications, so traumatologists prescribe skeletal traction. With this method, the injured limb is moved to the side by 300 and a load weighing up to 10 kg is attached. The patient has to remain in this position for 710 days, then he is allowed to rise on his elbows.

Surgical treatment of a fracture

Due to the anatomical structure of the hip joint, conservative treatment is associated with the risk of complications. According to medical statistics, 25% of patients develop post-traumatic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. What it is?

Blood flow to the middle part of the femur is carried out using arteries that begin just in the hip joint. When a fracture occurs, the blood vessels are damaged and the delivery of nutrients to the bones is interrupted. Under the current conditions, healing of the broken bone is carried out due to the layer of connective tissue located inside the hip bone. Such a restoration is, roughly speaking, unreliable. The desired result can only be achieved surgically.

There are two tactics of surgical treatment for a fracture of the femoral neck - open and closed.

Open surgery is performed in the following sequence:

• the surgeon dissects soft fabrics and hip joint;
• exposes the fracture site;
• under visual control, it pierces the pin and fastens the damaged areas of the bone.

Open surgery for a fracture of the hip joint often causes a complication such as coxarthrosis. With this pathology, the articular cartilage is affected, and bone deformation and dystrophy develop. Therefore the operation open type It is performed rarely and only if there are contraindications to other surgical techniques.

Closed surgery is preferable in this case - it is performed under X-ray control and eliminates damage to the joint capsule. Its progress depends on the nature of the fracture. The surgeon performs the operation approximately in the following sequence:

• provides general or local anesthesia;
• together with assistants, moves the injured leg to the side by 300;
• using x-rays to verify the correct position of the broken areas;
• in the subtrochanteric region it cuts tissue to the bone;
• from this point, under X-ray control, a pin is inserted;
• making sure achieved result sews up the wound and applies a plaster cast.

During a closed operation breathing exercises appointed the very next day. Then the patient is allowed to rise on his elbows and sit up in bed. After 4 weeks you can already walk on crutches; after six months, physical activity on the injured leg is allowed. You can return to your normal lifestyle a year after the operation.

Hip replacement

Advances in medicine in the field of traumatology make it possible to completely replace a damaged hip joint with an artificial analogue. Depending on the model, endoprostheses can last 20 years, providing a person with the ability to move normally. Endoprosthetics has a number of contraindications and is used only in cases where, for some reason, other treatment tactics are impossible.

The sequence of the operation is as follows:

• performing spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia;
• treatment of the surgical field, dissection of soft tissues to the bone;
• opening the capsule of the hip joint, extracting the femoral head and removing it;
• bone formation in accordance with the endoprosthesis model;
• fixation of the prosthesis to the bone using special cement;
• cleaning the acetabulum from remnants of cartilage tissue;
• installation and fixation of the endoprosthesis cup;
• suturing soft tissues, installing drainage.

The operation lasts up to 3.5 hours, after which the patient is transferred for further treatment and observation. If the patient follows the doctor’s recommendations, the risk of developing postoperative complications is reduced and the person can move independently on the third day.

Rehabilitation after hip surgery

The rehabilitation program for a hip fracture is drawn up individually by the attending physician. Special attention should be given to the recommended physical activity and restrictions. To speed up recovery and reduce the likelihood of complications, the following measures are taken:

• a course of antibiotic therapy to prevent the development of infections;
• breathing exercises - to improve blood circulation;
• physical therapy under the supervision of a medical specialist;
• manual therapy;
• physiotherapy.

Special attention is paid to the diet, which is selected individually. During the recovery period, the patient must receive sufficient amounts of protein, vitamins and minerals from food. Fried, smoked and pickled foods, as well as coffee, strong tea and alcohol are excluded from the diet. This measure helps protect organs from unnecessary stress and allows the body to devote all its strength to restoring bones and joints.

Let's summarize information about the injury

A hip fracture is a fairly serious injury that requires proper treatment and care. Even if the recommendations are followed, recovery after surgery takes from several months to a year. It is important to adhere to the instructions, regularly attend prescribed procedures, and monitor your diet. This approach allows you to cure the fracture and return to a full life in a shorter time.

Osteoarthritis is a common problem affecting many people in modern society. The disease is of a degenerative-dystrophic nature and becomes a common cause of disability, ranking second after cardiac pathology. By limiting physical activity, arthrosis forces one to give up usual activities and significantly reduces the quality of life. This is especially true for damage to supporting joints, in particular the knee. And given such consequences, the issue of treating osteoarthritis is urgent for every patient.

When to start treatment?

Arthrosis needs to be treated when there is no serious dysfunction of the knee joint. By starting therapy in the early stages, the patient can be confident in the effectiveness of the measures taken, because disorders in cartilage tissue can be reversed with the right treatment. But if pronounced destruction develops, then, as a rule, it is no longer possible to talk about a complete cure.

Symptoms

To understand when to see a doctor, you need to consider the main signs of osteoarthritis. The disease has a chronic course, starting gradually, gradually. Patients may not always notice when this happens - early symptoms can be so minor. But they are the ones who talk about the start of disorders in the articular cartilage. First, the following signs are noted:

• Feeling of fatigue in the joint after exercise.
• Stiffness in the morning, disappearing within half an hour.
• Crunching, clicking and rubbing in the knee.

Having noticed these changes, you should not put off visiting a doctor, because every year arthrosis will only progress. And patients will not notice how quickly knee pain appears. One joint begins to bother, and then the second joins. Painful sensations are mechanical and starting in nature - this means that they appear during exercise. At first, a fairly strong impact is required, and then minimal movements in the knee are sufficient, which are significantly limited as arthrosis progresses. The pain becomes constant and does not disappear with rest.

The joint increases in volume and becomes deformed, painful on palpation, muscle contractures and bone ankylosis develop, up to complete immobilization. It is difficult for patients to walk and even stand, let alone perform any complex movements. They lose their ability to work and cannot fully engage in household chores.

In order not to start the problem and prevent the development of serious consequences, you need to consult a doctor in a timely manner. The first symptoms should be a signal to consult a specialist.

Diagnostics

Along with a clinical examination, the results of an additional study become the reason for starting treatment. They make it possible to see and evaluate direct disorders in the knee joint, and not just their consequences. To clarify the diagnosis, the following methods are used:

1. X-ray.
2. Ultrasonography.
3. Magnetic resonance imaging.

The stage of arthrosis is determined based on the x-ray picture. Highest value has the height of the joint space and the number of osteophytes. And therapeutic measures will have the best effect with minimal changes - at stages 1 and 2. In addition, it is necessary to consult an orthopedist-traumatologist, who will help formulate therapeutic tactics.

How is the treatment carried out?

Many patients are concerned about whether arthrosis can be cured. The answer cannot be clear-cut. It all depends on the severity of changes in the knee joint, i.e., on the stage of the pathology. Osteoarthritis is a treatable disease. Evidence of this is the slowdown in progression, the absence of exacerbations and even the restoration of cartilage tissue. But to obtain a pronounced result, therapy must begin as early as possible and act on various parts of the pathological process.

Getting rid of arthrosis of the knee joint is a rather difficult task, but still doable. Treatment of the disease is long and persistent, and early initiation of therapy will be the main key to its success.

To improve the condition of the knee cartilage, you need to pay attention to general recommendations that relate to the patient’s lifestyle. It is known that excessive load on the joints plays a decisive role in the development of arthrosis. This means we need to try to reduce it. This is facilitated by taking good care of the knee, walking with a cane, wearing special orthopedic devices (orthoses), as well as fighting excess weight.

Proper nutrition plays an important role. It helps not only get rid of obesity, but also strengthen cartilage tissue. The diet should be fortified and contain sufficient protein. For arthrosis, the use of foods rich in collagen and gelatin is indicated - low-fat jellied meat, khash, jellies, jellied dishes. The diet should contain a sufficient amount of fresh vegetables, fruits, and herbs. You must drink at least 1.5 liters of water per day, and also avoid alcohol.

Drug therapy

Treatment of arthrosis necessarily includes drug support. Currently exists a large number of drugs that are indicated for this pathology. By using medicines it is possible to reduce the acute manifestations of the disease, as well as obtain a long-term effect in the form of improved metabolism of cartilage tissue, which will slow down the further development of the degenerative process. The following medications are used for this:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ortofen, Movalis, Nimesil).
• Chondroprotectors (Teraflex, Mukosat, Dona, Artrum H, Alflutop).
• Vascular (Actovegin, Latren).
• Vitamins and antioxidants (Triovit).

If the patient has severe signs of inflammation, then hormonal agents may be prescribed in the form of intra-articular injections (Diprospan, Hydrocortisone, Kenalog), which are used in short courses. External therapy products are also applicable - ointments, gels, creams (Diklak, Fastum, Dolobene, Traumeel C).

Medicines have a quick and fairly long-lasting effect, which has earned them widespread use in medical practice.

Physiotherapy

A constant companion to drug therapy are methods of physical influence on joint tissues. They improve local blood flow and biochemical processes, have an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. For arthrosis, the following procedures are prescribed:

1. Electro- and phonophoresis (with Hydrocortisone, Novocaine, bischofite).
2. Laser treatment.
3. Shock wave therapy.
4. Magnetotherapy.
5. Sinusoidal currents.
6. Cryotherapy.
7. Paraffin and ozokerite therapy.
8. Water and mud therapy.

Physiotherapy is simple and available method, which complements the treatment program and has a positive effect on cartilage tissue in osteoarthritis.

Physiotherapy

An indispensable component of the conservative treatment of knee arthrosis is physical therapy. Correct motor mode with adequate load is of great importance for restoring joint function. The growth and development of cartilage tissue is largely determined by mechanical pressure. But with arthrosis, it is necessary to reduce the axial load (limit running, jumping, lifting weights) and expand the motor mode through simple exercises: raising the legs, bending and straightening the knee, walking, swimming. First, they are performed under the supervision of an instructor, and then independently at home. It must be remembered that classes are carried out only after acute symptoms have been eliminated.

Gymnastics should be regular and long-term. This is the only way to get a lasting effect and achieve increased physical activity.

Operation

Surgery is considered the most radical method of treating arthrosis. She is the only one effective means in the later stages of the disease. Surgery involves replacing the affected joint with an artificial one. This is called endoprosthetics. After the operation, the patient can return to work after some time. active life and forget about the problem. But unfortunately, not everyone can afford such treatment.

Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint shows the best results in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, great importance is given to the timely detection of pathology, as well as measures aimed at preventing its occurrence and progression. This problem can and should be dealt with.