Do-it-yourself fire alarm installation. Security and fire alarm in an apartment: device, diagram, connection yourself. What to look for when choosing a contractor

The price for installing an automatic fire alarm starts from 18,000 rubles and depends on:

Fire alarm type (analog, addressable, wireless)
Type of sound warning system (siren, voice notification)
Type of object (warehouse, shopping mall, school, office, store, gym, complex of buildings and structures)
Interior decoration of the facility, Special attention focused on ceilings (Armstrong tiles, concrete, wood, metal)
Ceiling height
Area of the facility and number of rooms, including corridors, vestibules
Transport accessibility

What else needs to be done after installing a fire alarm?

After completing the installation of an automatic fire alarm (AFS), according to the article 61 And 63 Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 390 of April 25, 2012 “On the fire safety regime” the owner of the premises or the tenant (the person responsible for fire safety is specified in the lease agreement) must conclude a contract for fire alarm maintenance with an organization that has the right to perform this type works on the basis of a license from the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

A set of fire safety documents, what does it consist of, how can I prepare it myself?

Your site must have set of documents on fire safety , when checking the Ministry of Emergency Situations, you will be asked to provide it partially or completely. Learn more about what documents it includes, how to prepare them yourself, and fine amount for their absence, you can find out in our article:

Is it necessary to install fire detectors behind a suspended ceiling (false ceiling, Armstrong, suspended ceiling, plasterboard, etc.)? Those same 40 cm.

According to points 13.3.8, 13.3.11, 13.3.16 Set of rules No. 5, if the distance from the false ceiling to the ceiling more than 40 cm., then the ceiling space must be monitored by fire detectors, which must be accessible for maintenance and repair. Fire alarm detectors are also installed on the suspended ceiling itself (false ceiling).

What to do if the suspended ceiling (false ceiling) is perforated (with holes)? Where is the sensor placed, on the ceiling or perforated parts of the ceiling?

According to paragraph 13.3.16 Set of rules No. 5, if all 4 points are met:

perforation (holes, cells) have a uniform structure
the area of these holes is more than 40 percent of the false ceiling area
hole diameter or cell size greater than 10 mm
the thickness of the suspended perforated ceiling is less than three times that of minimum size holes, cells

then fire alarm detectors are installed on the ceiling, above the false ceiling. It is assumed that smoke will freely pass through the cells of the perforated suspended ceiling and will be monitored by a fire detector on the ceiling.

Accordingly, if at least one point is not observed, fire alarm detectors are installed on suspended ceiling and on the ceiling, if it is more than 40 cm from the false ceiling.

Where and why is the IPR manual call point installed?

Manual call point (IPR) of fire alarm according to paragraph 13.13 Set of rules No. 5 is established for the possibility of notifying people about a fire if the fire was noticed before the trigger fire alarm. The person who noticed the fire first begins to evacuate and, running out into the street, activates the manual call point, which turns on the fire warning system. Accordingly, manual call points are installed immediately before the exits from the building, from the floor to the stairs, on escape routes at a height of 150 cm. The distance between manual call points inside the building should not exceed 50 meters.

How to turn off (press the button) the IPR manual fire call point?

When a manual fire alarm call point is activated, the button goes down so that people are notified of the fire without stopping, in case of a false fire signal or accidental pressing of the manual call point button it must be turned off (press the button) using a special key. The key is supplied with the IPR and is kept by the person responsible for operating the fire alarm. In some IPR models, when activated, the glass on the front panel breaks and to turn it off you need to replace glass.

Is it necessary to install an “EXIT” light sign and where is it installed?

According to paragraph 5 Set of rules No. 3, the “EXIT” light sign is installed in rooms where more than fifty people can be present at the same time, as well as in exhibition and showrooms, cinemas, etc. regardless of the number of people. Installation of the “EXIT” light board is carried out immediately before exiting the street, from the floor to the stairs or to a safe area. The “EXIT” sign must be lit constantly and have a backup power supply, which will ensure the operation of the “EXIT” sign during a power outage.

But, designers and our engineers strongly recommend installing “EXIT” light signs when installing a fire alarm in all rooms before going out onto the street, stairs, where there are workplaces, because it is inexpensive, and in case of smoke, its help during evacuation is priceless.

In what cases is it necessary to install a voice warning system, and when is a siren enough?

Is it necessary to duplicate the signal from the fire alarm to the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the fire department or to the monitoring console of private organizations?

Installing a fire alarm is necessary, first of all, to notify people of a fire or smoke in the room. The time remaining to fight the fire and evacuate people and only then to save property depends on the timeliness of the fire alarm, so duplicate the fire alarm signal to the monitoring console of third-party organizations or the Ministry of Emergency Situations not necessary, with the exception of buildings of functional classes fire danger F1.1, F1.2, F4.1, F4.2 according to Article 83 paragraph 7 Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements”, and in Article 32 paragraph 1 The same Federal Law states which buildings belong to these classes:

F1.1— preschool buildings educational organizations, specialized homes for the elderly and disabled (non-residential), hospitals, dormitory buildings of educational organizations with the presence of a boarding school and children's organizations
F1.2- hotels, hostels, dormitories of sanatoriums and general holiday homes, campsites, motels and boarding houses
F4.1— buildings of educational institutions, organizations additional education children, professional educational organizations
F4.2— buildings of educational organizations higher education, organizations of additional professional education

In these buildings and structures, according to article 83 paragraph 7 it is said that duplication of the signal about a fire should occur without intermediaries, i.e. This cannot be done by any private organization, but should happen directly to the Ministry of Emergency Situations console, for example using PAK "Strelets-monitoring".

In all other buildings and structures, they can optionally duplicate the signal from the fire alarm to the Ministry of Emergency Situations using the Strelets-Monitoring software package or in other ways to the remote control of a third-party monitoring organization, but by law do not do this not obliged.

Who is responsible for violating fire safety requirements?

Regulated Art. 38 Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 69-FZ “On Fire Safety”

Fire alarm is complex system, in which different types of devices interact with each other in an orderly manner: control panels, sensors, warning elements, communication lines, autonomous power supplies, peripheral equipment. Installing the equipment is not easy - you need to know the features of installing a fire alarm.

According to current legislation, industrial enterprises are required to have fire protection on their territory. Many owners of private houses and apartments also prefer to use precautionary measures. Experts recommend: before installing fire alarm systems, you need to decide on their type.

Simple and complex equipment

Fire alarm systems differ from each other in configuration and functionality.

They are different:

Threshold equipment equipped with radial loops has become widespread due to the low cost of its components. The name contains the principle of operation of the device. The main control device serves sensors with individual sensitivity thresholds. Installation of a fire alarm involves the use of several units of detectors per room. The main disadvantage of the installed equipment is increased level false signals.
Threshold signaling with a modular structure is similar to the previous scheme. The difference is that one control panel simultaneously controls the operation of communication lines, and installation and operation are designed for the use of two units.
Address polling devices have a different structure compared to previous versions. The operation of the sensors is monitored by a module with a ring loop that allows you to filter out unnecessary information. The alarm circuit is reliable and easy to design.
The analogue addressable line is modern device. Each detector has an individual address to which it sends a signal about its operating status. The sensors have twisted pairs. If any element fails, the system will continue to function.
The combined system is installed indoors and outdoors. It is powerful, has a ring circuit using threshold and analog devices.

Regulations governing the installation of fire alarms

Fire alarm installation is carried out in accordance with GOST. Regulatory documents regulate the design of a fire system, the parameters of its elements and installation, including construction aspects. The basic rules are specified in the document on security and fire alarm systems.

According to the regulations, design and installation must be focused on ease of maintenance, repair and protection from damage. The installation of an alarm system is carried out in each room using at least two sensors, except stairwells, bathrooms. A number of documents contain special rules for different types devices.

Rules for installation/assembly of PS

Installation of a security and fire alarm depends on the area of the room and height ceiling structures. Each device has individual installation and operating instructions.

However, there are general rules installation:

The selection and configuration of the central control unit is carried out in accordance with the instructions. IN simple models There are several input connectors for connecting sensors. Output lines allow you to turn on devices that signal danger. Complex circuits additionally have a security function. For simplified installation, you can purchase a wireless fire alarm system kit. It contains all the necessary components, including mounting hardware.
The laying of communication lines must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP. Only wires with copper cores and heat-resistant winding are used. For indoor installation it is necessary to use corrugated pipe. Each loop has a specific marking. Wires are subject to inspection along their entire length. For sensors, it is better to use two-wire and four-wire options. Installation of an alarm system requires a 10% supply of loops. According to the rules, laying connecting wires with power cables is prohibited. The distance between the signal wires should be at least half a meter.
Fire detectors control a specific sector, therefore they are installed in places where open fire appears. According to the standards, they should be located at a distance of 9 m from each other, no more than 4.5 m from the corners of the walls, and no less than 0.2 m from the ceiling. Thermal sensors are located where the temperature rises sharply, with the exception of areas where heating devices are used. Linear type sensors must be installed on opposite sides premises.

After measurements and selection of locations for sensors with a central control unit, a fire and security alarm system is installed.

How to install - do it yourself or through a contractor?

Correct installation of security and fire systems ensures the safety and security of property. Design and commissioning work in the complex, according to the law, are carried out by specialized organizations that have permits from the Ministry of Emergency Situations. They enter into an agreement with the customer for the maintenance of security and fire alarm systems.

Installation of systems is carried out on the basis of approved documentation. Specialists are able to install a fire alarm with an extensive network of devices and logical circuits in a short time. People who understand electrical engineering can perform simple installation of fire systems with their own hands. A well-designed scheme is easy to legitimize.

Before you install fire and security systems yourself, you need to select and buy a certain type of alarm system. If financial capabilities do not allow this, then the device can be made independently.

In this case, the alarm signal will be sent to the owner’s phone, and not to the central control panel of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. You will have to call the fire department separately. Fire alarms in the home require taking into account some nuances:

use of multi-core cable in the winding to connect sensors;
the use of sealed or chip sensors that are installed on door or window openings;
placement of sensors in accordance with the ceiling design according to established standards.
connecting the system according to the instructions.

Recommendations for choosing a contractor - what to look for?

Installing and maintaining fire alarms requires a serious approach. This work must be performed by highly qualified and experienced specialists. When choosing a performing company, you need to consider:

availability of a license;
stages of the organization’s activities: studying the features of the premises, determining the type of alarm system in relation to the facility, design, cost calculation, installation;
whether the company is in the National Association of Self-Regulatory Organizations SRO or not.

How much will the installation cost?

Fire alarm calculations depend on its configuration and efficient work constituent elements. High-quality equipment quickly responds to the appearance of primary signs of fire.

Unreliable installations often lead to false signals. Each licensed organization determines the scope of work and determines the total cost.

Payment depends on many factors:

room area;
the type of system installed at the site;
its level of complexity;
branching;
control method: automatic or manual;
characteristics of electro installation work;
additional costs for materials.

Conclusion

Installation of fire alarm elements has its own characteristics. Before you begin installing a system, it is important to determine its type and design complexity. The configuration and costs of equipment depend on this. These types of work are performed by licensed organizations employing qualified designers and engineers.

At home, you can install a simple fire alarm yourself. Any installation of the system is carried out in accordance with the regulations and requirements of GOST. The basics of installation of alarm elements are specified in the regulatory documentation. For each object, the cost of services is calculated individually.

Video: Fire alarm installation

PS is a complex complex various equipment, technical devices, control panels and interface lines, the task of which is to ensure the safety of property and life. The functioning of this complex directly depends on how professionally and competently the fire alarm was installed at the functioning facility. Gefest-Alarm LLC offers high-quality service by highly qualified specialists with great experience and experience. The work performed by our company’s employees will allow you to obtain a reliable and effective fire alarm system, which will ensure the safety of property, material assets, and save people’s lives.

Features of fire alarm installation

Installing a fire alarm requires a careful and professional approach, compliance with requirements, standards and GOST. Activities are divided into the following stages:

Design;
Selection and configuration of equipment;
The actual laying of cables and installation of equipment (detectors, arrangement of a switchboard with a remote control);
Commissioning and commissioning.

Project future system fire alarm system is created by experienced engineers of our company. They have developed software for dozens of objects. Each project must be coordinated with customers. Great importance has a selection of necessary equipment.

The stage of direct installation of a fire alarm. This is the work of master installers. Each site where work is carried out is unique in its own way; the true professionalism of an installer lies in flexibility and spatial thinking. A good fire alarm installer and, in general, any low-current system, is a person who knows how to choose the right and most optimal solutions, think not only about your convenience, but also about saving materials and elements. The Gefest-Alarm company employs only good, experienced installers. Our employees have at least 10 years of experience, all have the necessary permits and regularly undergo advanced training.

If necessary, it is interfaced with a security alarm system, if provided for by the project, as well as with alarm systems, smoke removal and fire extinguishing systems. The final stage works, adjustment and commissioning of installed equipment. It is necessary to understand that the installation of fire alarm systems in offices and administrative buildings, in commercial and public premises, in production workshops and enterprises, shops, warehouses and other facilities - is expressly stated in the legislation. After completion of the work, certification and state acceptance are carried out by the executive bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Moscow and other constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The question of choosing an APS

The question of choice is a complex one, which should be entrusted only to professionals. Modern threshold, addressable and analogue systems often include various innovative technologies. The data taken from the detectors is sent to the computer, and the decision to trigger an alarm is made by the program. In addition, substations are interfaced with other low-current systems and means of ensuring the life and safety of the building:

SOUE (notification and evacuation management);
Security system;
Firefighting;
ACS (access control);
Equipment for smoke removal and ventilation.

Installation of automatic fire alarms is allowed in all premises, with the exception of staircases and places with high humidity and the possibility of condensation formation (bathrooms, toilets, steam rooms, etc.). Specialists of GEFEST-ALARM LLC operate under a license in both public and private buildings, dachas, and residential buildings.

Please note that the activity falls under the category of licensed activities. An enterprise offering such services must have permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations in order to conduct such activities. Our company has all the necessary approvals and licenses and guarantees the implementation of services in the most high level Full construction. We have extensive experience in the installation of automatic fire alarms, we can offer a wide range of different fire alarm systems to protect your property from the consequences of fire. All work is completed on time and in accordance with established standards.

Over the years we have gained extensive experience and have worked with components from numerous manufacturers. Therefore, we know which brands are relevant today, reliable and inexpensive. Our company pays special attention to the last factor. We put the client's interests first. We strive to provide him with solutions that will not only be of high quality, but also fit his budget.
General Director Gafurova R.A.

Cost calculation based on the number of premises and area of the facility

The cost of installing a fire alarm depends on the type of system being installed and the installation location. After all, the choice of PS type is determined by the characteristics of the object. For example, fire alarms are installed in offices or shops at a lower cost. Installed at important and critical facilities automatic system fire alarm system, its cost can be several times higher, but the operating efficiency of such installations is much higher.

Below you can see examples of some calculations for objects different types and purpose, depending on the area. Our prices are among the most affordable in the capital among similar companies. We are focused on cooperation with small and medium-sized businesses.

In this article we will talk about how it goes correct installation and installation of fire alarms. We would like to note right away that such an installation requires certain knowledge!

For convenience, we have divided the article into the following components:

Correct installation of fire alarms

First you need to develop a project that outlines the main nuances during the installation of a fire alarm. First, the location of the control point is determined, and then the methods of communication. You also need to familiarize yourself with the availability of fire extinguishing modules, types of sensors and other information. But be sure to take into account that the signal wires should under no circumstances be located near a heat source. Control equipment and sensors should be installed only in positions where there is less chance of touching them and causing damage.

Then you need to install the equipment, so you need to decide in advance what the complexity of the fire alarm system is. It depends on the level of fire risk in the room, which can be completely different. If the premises have a small area, then non-addressable alarm systems need to be installed, but if the facility has large area, then you need to install an address system. The fact is that address system quickly determines the place where the fire occurred, so it is preferable. You won’t have to spend a lot of time searching for the room where the fire occurred.

The analogue addressable system has become the most popular recently. All this is due to the fact that special sensors make it possible to find out the temperature change and even the level of smoke in the room. In principle, each fire alarm system provides detailed information about the state of the room, because there are many sensors in the room that have a common connection using loops, which makes it possible to connect to a computer and configure it. If the sensor finds a signal, a light or sound alarm is activated. If the fire alarm has special modules that trigger fire extinguishing, then the control system will definitely activate it.

Features of installing fire alarm sensors

A smoke detector is a fire alarm sensor; it is an extremely simple device. He has small size and is attached to the ceiling or wall in the apartment. There are two main types: photoelectric and ionization. Photoelectric is triggered if smoke passes between the photo and the LEDs. And the ionization one is triggered due to smoke entering the current that passes between the wires. It is impossible to say exactly which option is preferable, since the ionization one turns on due to a strong fire, and the photoelectric one due to huge amount smoke. Therefore, our online magazine site believes that the best option will use two sensors at once.

It is recommended to install sensors between places where a fire can start without any problems. For example, in the kitchen while preparing food. Installation in the living room, bedroom, hallway and other places is also recommended. Keep in mind that extra protection never hurts. True, installation in the kitchen requires special installation, because the humidity there is consistently high, so the sensor may work incorrectly. Be sure to install the device as far as possible from radiators and heating devices, fluorescent lamps, ventilation holes, etc.

Almost all smoke alarms use batteries to last, so it's a good idea to be on the safe side and check them as often as possible. You can check the sensor itself, this is easy to do - hold a lit candle directly near the sensor, and the fire will trigger its activation. Remember that dust on the sensor can dull its action, so you need to wipe it as often as possible.

Almost always, the fire safety sensor is mounted in the ceiling at a distance of 300 mm from lighting fixtures and walls. The wall-mounted model is installed at a distance of 200 mm from the ceiling, so that there are no unfilled air spaces where smoke will stop circulating and the sensor can be activated. If at the ceiling cross beams with a thickness of about 10 centimeters, the sensor must be fixed to the base and not between the beams. If the beams are thick, if it exceeds 10 centimeters, contact a specialist.

There must be sensors on absolutely all floors. The first is installed above the base of the stairs, the second in the middle of the hallway, the third on the ceiling in the bedroom, and so on. Then additional sensors are installed in the hallway, living room, kitchen and other places where there are electric heating devices.

What wires should I use when installing a fire alarm?

Before choosing cables and wires, you need to study the requirements that apply to them in Russia. During the installation of fire alarms, it is necessary to lay the cables in such a way that their condition is automatically monitored along the entire length. As a rule, cables have wires whose cores are made of copper. If during installation you do not think about the fact that you will control fire extinguishing systems automatically or a smoke removal system with voice notification, then you do not need to allocate an additional communication channel. If such control is planned, then you must install a communication channel and connecting lines made in the form of telephone cables.

Connecting lines with telephone or control wires must have an additional reserve of loops of approximately 10%. You can also connect radial loops directly to the fire apparatus, but only if the information capacity does not exceed 20 loops. But if the alarm is of a ring type, then the end and beginning are connected directly to the terminals that are located in the receiving and control device. Corrugations should not be installed in the box and hose if the wires are extremely high voltage. If the parallel laying has a voltage of about 60 volts, then there should be a distance of approximately 0.5 m to the lighting and power devices. Do not forget that it is advisable to divide the cables into segments and use junction boxes. It is better to carry out installation in an accessible place at a suitable height, especially for the device installed at the end of the cable, because it allows visual control during operation.

Fire alarm installation rules

Control devices, together with reception and control devices, must be installed in the area where duty personnel are located daily. Of course, sometimes it is quite possible to install on site without personnel, if there are reasons for this. For example, if there are no employees who are on duty 24 hours a day, but there is another point that receives information about what is happening at your facility. That is why in the room where you install sensors you need to make sure that fire and security alarms work correctly and unauthorized access is prohibited.

The amount of capacity in the receiving and control devices and the number of loops that are needed to work with fire notifications should be about 10 pieces and 10 percent. Reception and control devices must be mounted on walls, structures and partitions that do not contain flammable materials. Installation similar equipment quite possible on structures that are made of flammable materials, but only if they are covered steel sheet with a thickness of about 1 millimeter or other non-flammable sheet material with a thickness of about 10 millimeters. It is very important that the material protrudes beyond the contour of the mounted equipment by about 10 centimeters.

Do not forget that the distance from the top edge of the control panel used to the ceiling of the room, which is made of non-combustible materials, should be about 1 meter. If there are several control and control devices adjacent to each other, as well as control devices, it is necessary that there be a distance of about 50 millimeters between them. You also need to take care of a sufficient height, since the control panels are installed in such a way that the distance to the operational controls is about one meter.

The room with personnel or a fire station must be located on the ground or first floor of the building. You can design a room above the first floor, but on the condition that the exit will be in the corridor or lobby. Also the output must be adjacent to landing so that there is a quick exit to the outside of the building. The distance from the fire station to the room with personnel who work 24 hours a day must be at least 25 meters. It is very important that the room meets the necessary characteristics:

Minimum area 15 square meters, preferably more.

Humidity is 80% and temperature is about 18-25 degrees Celsius.

Artificial and daylight should be comfortable. Be sure to have emergency lighting.

Illumination should be as follows: natural – 100 lux, artificial (fluorescent lamps) – 150 lux.

How can I get a fire alarm license?

To obtain a license for servicing, installing and repairing automatic fire alarm devices, as well as automatic fire extinguishing systems, you need to fill out Required documents and spend a lot of time. For example, if you are registering your company or want to staff an office where there is an increased risk of fire, then you first need to decide on the system itself. Perhaps a certain automatic fire extinguishing system is more suitable for you than another. Next, fill out a certificate in which you indicate the material and technical base and write down all the mechanisms and machines with the nomenclature and full volume that will be needed to carry out the work. Very important nuance is that it is necessary to evaluate and check the material and technical base during the preparation of the act, which demonstrates an assessment of compliance with the conditions, requirements and license as a whole.

Next, think over a system for monitoring work and determining its quality. Here you will need to provide a copy of the manual for using the devices, a certificate from the manufacturer, where the control forms will be demonstrated, and so on. Forms of control can be output, input and operational. After this, you need to write an application and submit it to the authority that issues the license. When filling out an application, it is very important to take into account Russian legislation in relation to the activities of your organization.

An important role is played by the operating personnel and their qualifications, so you must provide information on the qualifications of all employees who will provide services on this equipment. To check the qualifications of your personnel who will service and install new equipment that guarantees fire safety in the premises - check their education, for example, check their skills on tests or just look at the very presence of secondary, higher or special education. Experience and work experience are also very important, since according to the law, only people who have worked in the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations for at least five years can service such equipment. Obtaining a license depends on how conscientiously the employees applied for a job, and if experience and education are falsified, new personnel will have to be recruited.

Fire alarms and additional equipment that can record the location of a fire are needed by any organization. You shouldn’t skimp on equipment and maintenance, because if the circumstances go wrong, you can lose absolutely everything.

Measures to organize security must be carried out comprehensively, then the costs of protective equipment will be effective.

It is more rational to install multifunctional systems, including:

Fire alert.
Security alarm.

This complex will allow you to quickly respond to unauthorized entry into the territory of the enterprise or immediately take measures to extinguish a fire.

The protection complex includes:

Sensors– detect violations and transmit a signal to the control panel.
Control panel– a device with software that controls the system.
Control and control devices– collect and process system information.
Actuators– controlled automatic fire extinguishing devices.
Warning devices– sound alarm signals.

Materials for installing a fire alarm:

Security system elements.
Cables of various sections.
Hardware.
Fastenings.
Insulating tape.

Tools:

Hammer.
Hammer.
Screwdrivers.
Pliers.
Drill.
Spanners.
Roulette.
Screwdriver.
Metal detector.

Equipment:

Volt-ohmmeter 87-38
Oscilloscope S 1-64, S 1-55
Device L ATR-1M
Megger M4100
Ampere-voltmeter Ts4352
Luxmeter Yu-116
Voltage source B5-44A
Ohmmeter M372
RZZ resistance store
Device SL-401

Description of the circuit

The connection diagram of the alarm elements depends on the number and type of detectors that receive power from the system loop. The capabilities of the chain are determined by the manufacturer, as evidenced by the indicators in technical documentation. The location and number of system elements are approved regulatory documents. Modifications are strictly prohibited as this may affect the operation of the control equipment.

There are three types of circuit connection:

Threshold- a simple type of connection used in small spaces.
Address– a modernized scheme that allows you to accurately determine the source of fire.
Analog addressable – latest development, registering a fire at a very early stage.

In general, the circuit consists of a set of technical devices used to detect a fire, transmit a signal and sound an alert.

Circuit connection sequence:

Power supply.
Control unit (computer, remote control, interface converter).
Display block.
Pre-monitoring device.
Sensors

Project

Drafting is necessary component ensuring fire safety in enterprises and offices. Without project approval, it is impossible to hand over the facility under the supervision of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

A package of documents is compiled by organizations licensed for this type of work, based on the requirements of fire safety standards.

Includes the following sections:

Calculation of energy consumption.
Battery life.
Number and type of sensors.
Laying a cable line.
Equipment location.
Specifications.
Estimates.

When drawing up a scheme, the customer’s preferences are taken into account, because maintenance and repairs should cause a minimum of inconvenience. Attention is also paid to the suitability of the system for modernization. Rapid developments in technology and science may offer more efficient elements of firefighting equipment within just a few years.

In order to save money on installation and design documents, some owners commercial real estate are engaged self-installation and project development. But it is problematic to certify and approve such a package of documents. And it will take a significant amount of time. You can use a standard instance of the project, which in terms of parameters and technical data corresponds to the object.

Specialized organizations carry out design and installation work in short terms. In addition, you can enter into an equipment maintenance agreement with them. Many contractors include the approval of the project by the Ministry of Emergency Situations in the installation price.

DIY fire alarm installation

Step by step procedure:

Study of the premises in order to plan the cable line and equipment location.
Drawing up a project, estimate. Purchase of materials.
Cabling.
Installation of reception and control equipment.
Installation of sensors and connection to the circuit.
Connecting a computer to the system.
Monitoring the response of each sensor.
Carrying out commissioning work.
Instructing enterprise employees and responsible persons on the operation of the alarm system and the rules for handling equipment.
Test run of the system for the purpose of commissioning. The reception is carried out by an independent commission with the participation of inspectors from the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Upon completion, a corresponding act is drawn up.
Setting on the control panel of the emergency department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Drawing up warranty documents and service agreements. A monthly check of the alarm status is carried out by a competent organization. The results of inspections and maintenance are entered into a special journal.

Types of work used when installing fire alarms:

Installation of detectors.
Cabling.
Sverlovka.
Installation of sensors on doors and windows.
Connecting the power supply.
Installation of the remote control.
Equipment setup.

Requirements

When performing installation work, possible changes in the system, modernization and increase in the number of devices must be taken into account. To do this, special attention is paid to the choice of cable cross-section, its size and location. The receiving and control device must also have a power reserve to increase the loop and settings.

System control equipment must be freely accessible to technical personnel, but in a separate room. The evacuation plan must be located in a visible place in the office or production premises. Signs indicate emergency entrances and exits.

Basic requirements for a fire alarm system:

The circuit with devices must cover the entire facility.
The accuracy of the signal will allow you to quickly localize the fire.
The system must operate around the clock.
A well-designed circuit and high-quality equipment guarantee the reliability of the alarm system.

Calling specialists

After deciding to install a fire alarm, it is necessary to collect information about organizations specializing in this type of activity:

Availability of a license.
Installation experience.
Qualification of workers.
Drawing up project documents.
Project approval.
What equipment does the enterprise work with?
Cost of services.
Warranty obligations.

After selecting a contractor, a specialist is called to the site location. After inspecting the premises, technical specifications are drawn up to develop a design package of documents.

Equipment specifications determine cost estimates. The cost of installing a fire alarm directly depends on the parameters:

Size of the room.
Difficulties in installation.
Number of sensors.
Quality of devices.
Type of diagram.
Additional signal outputs to remote points.

It is rational to install not only fire and burglar alarm at the same time, but also order installation from one organization. Cost savings can be up to 40%.

The cost of installing a fire alarm can cost on average 200-350 rubles. per m2. A Maintenance– from 3500 rub.

The price is calculated taking into account:

Montage.
Connections.
Settings.
Type of low-current work.
Equipment costs.

On the websites of some companies there is an electronic calculation of the cost of installing an alarm system. Having the design documents, you can independently calculate the approximate cost of installation. However, a specialist can make amendments and changes, guided by fire safety requirements and standards.

Automatic fire alarm installation

More complex software and the equipment has an automatic system.

Features include:

Receives a signal from the sensor.
Processes information.
Signals to the control panel.
Enables sound notification.

Equipment operation algorithm:

After the sensor reacts, the sound signal immediately turns on, which has varieties, and is selected based on the area of the room and the number of personnel: siren, light flashing, voice notification. In case of smoke, illuminated signs indicate exit points.
If access to certain rooms is restricted, when the signal is triggered, the exits are automatically unlocked for quick evacuation of people.
If in terms of reference If a fire extinguishing system is provided, then when the sensor is triggered, it automatically turns on. Types of fire extinguishing installations may differ in the means of extinguishing the flame: foam, water, gas, powder. Selected in accordance with fire safety requirements and standards.
The smoke extraction system, which turns on automatically, helps prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. In a ventilated room, it is easier for people to navigate, and there is a greater chance of salvation.
The operation of elevators is also included in the operation of the automatic fire extinguishing system. If there is a fire at the facility, the cabins go down to the first floor and open doors are blocked.
In the event of an emergency, a complete disconnection from the power grid is programmed. The alarm operates thanks to an uninterruptible power supply.

Installing one of the fire alarm systems will bring confidence and security.