Thuja is an evergreen coniferous plant that landscape designers love. They love to use slender pyramids of thuja to place around the perimeter of the site. After all, such a living fence will always look great and will not require special care. In addition, this tree will actively highlight in environment useful phytoncides.

Ordinary gardeners love thuja no less. They know very well that to plant this plant on your property, it is not at all necessary to buy expensive cuttings from nurseries; you can grow thuja at home yourself. This article will tell novice gardeners how to grow thuja.

Selection of planting material

Before you start growing thuja you need to choose the right planting material. It must be selected taking into account the following criteria:

Variety of thuja

There are 5 types of thuja growing in nature:

• Japanese.
• Korean.
• Folded.
• Eastern.
• Western.

The greatest demand among gardeners and landscape designers enjoys western thuja. The fact is that this species has a pyramidal crown with a diameter of up to 5 m. It fits very well into any landscape design of the site. In addition, this type of thuja tolerates cold well and is therefore ideal for growing in our climatic conditions.

To date, breeders have developed many varieties of this type of thuja. The most popular are the following:

For the first planting, it is best to use seedlings bought from a nursery. You won’t have to buy them in the future, since thuja can be propagated different ways, which will be discussed below.

Thuja can be grown both in the sun and in partial shade. But this plant should not be planted in the shade. The fact is that from a lack of sunny color its crown will thin out. In addition, when planting, you should remember that this plant does not like excess moisture. Therefore, if on the site groundwater located close to the surface, you will have to do full drainage.

Regarding the ground, then this plant survives well in any soil, but feels best in black soil. It is also not recommended to plant it on clay soils. There it may develop root rot.

If there is no black soil on the site, it is recommended to enrich the soil with humus, compost and peat before planting. The latter is necessary for better air permeability of the soil. On acidic soils Preliminary application of lime or ordinary ash is recommended.

The process of planting a seedling is as follows:

When planting several seedlings, a distance of at least 5 meters must be maintained between them. If a hedge is formed from seedlings, then the distance should be 1 m.

Thuja: growing from seeds

Growing thuja from seeds at home- a very profitable occupation in all respects. Firstly, you can grow a large number of seedlings at one time. Secondly, you don’t have to pay for seedlings. Thirdly, all seedlings will be the same age and size. This option is perfect for those who plan to create a hedge on their site. Finally, we should not forget that a plant grown from seeds takes root better in a specific area.

Growing thuja this way also has a couple of disadvantages:

• Seedlings take a long time to grow. It can take 5 years from sowing to transferring the seedling into the ground.
• Despite the same appearance, seedlings can differ greatly from the parent trees. This is explained by the possible loss of varietal characteristics.

Procurement of seeds

If the gardener decides to propagate this plant by seeds, then he needs to properly prepare planting material. The collection of the latter should begin in early autumn. To do this, you need to choose ripe cones. You can recognize them by their brown color.

The collected cones are dried at home for several days until they are completely opened. After this, the seeds are removed from them by lightly tapping. Ripe seeds will fall out easily. Only those seeds that are dark brown in color should be selected.

After collecting the seeds, you can begin to stratify them. To do this, they need to be wrapped in a rag and buried in moist soil. The top of the soil can be covered with fallen leaves or a piece of insulation can be placed. In this state, the seeds are left for the winter.

After wintering seed material is removed from the soil and poured into a previously prepared container with dry sand. The latter, along with the seeds, should be placed in the refrigerator for 2 months.

By the end of the above period, you need to prepare the soil for planting seeds. They take root best in a mixture of turf soil, peat and sand.

Sowing thuja seeds

It is best to plant seeds at home. For this, wooden boxes are prepared, on the bottom of which a layer of drainage 2 cm thick is poured. A nutrient mixture is poured onto the drainage. All this is compacted well. Then, furrows are made in the soil mixture into which the seeds are sown. The distance between them should not be less than 6 cm. After this, the seeds should be sprinkled on top with a mixture of peat and sand and watered with a spray bottle.

The box with the planted seed material must be covered with film and placed in a warm place until the first shoots appear. At the same time, you must not forget to moisten the soil every day with a spray bottle. It is better not to use direct watering, as this can lead to erosion of the soil mixture and exposure of the seeds.

After the first shoots appear the film is removed from the boxes. The boxes themselves should be moved to a cool place and provided with sufficient lighting. All that remains is to monitor the seedlings and get rid of dead plants in time.

Caring for seedlings at home

First of all, they should not be allowed to grow too much. If the seedlings are very dense, they develop poorly. If young plants still grow strongly, they are not pruned, but planted. When there is no thickening, then it is better not to replant the seedlings for the first year.

In the 2nd year of life In any case, grown seedlings will have to be transplanted into separate pots, which should then be transferred from home to outdoor conditions. This is necessary for better adaptation of plants to the climate. It is better to return the plants to the house for wintering.

In the autumn of the 3rd year of life seedlings are ready for planting permanent place.

In summer, pots with seedlings should be kept in partial shade at a temperature of 17 to 23°C. For winter, plants should be placed in a room with a temperature range of 15 to 18°C.

After planting the seedlings in open ground For the first 2 years of their free life, they will have to be securely covered for the winter.

Seedlings in the first years of life do not tolerate direct sunlight well. Therefore, it is necessary to protect them from such influence. Experts advise storing boxes and pots with seedlings on window sills facing west or north.

Seedlings should be fed regularly. As fertilizers, you need to use those mixtures that contain potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. It is also useful to add compounds with boron and manganese to the soil.

Feeding should be given 2 times a month.

Thuja: propagation by cuttings

You can grow thuja not only from seeds, but also from cuttings. The latter are prepared from upper parts axial shoots. This allows the daughter plant to preserve the branching characteristic of the parent. It is better not to use side branches for cuttings, as they will result in a creeping form of thuja.

When preparing cuttings, you do not need to cut them. It is better to tear off the planting material from the main branch along with the bark. After this, using sharp knife, you need to clean the ends of the cuttings.

The timing of growing thuja from cuttings depends on the maturity and health of the branches that were used to obtain the cuttings. The younger they are, the faster the cuttings take root.

For better survivability planting material V last years gardeners are increasingly using growth substances, For example, organic acids. Their use allows increasing the survival rate of seedlings.

If a gardener plans to germinate cuttings in a greenhouse, then it is best to harvest them in April. In this case, at least 75% of all seedlings survive. When rooting cuttings at home, they should be planted in pots filled with quartz sand. It is sprinkled with a thin layer of peat on top.

Cuttings should be planted to a depth of no more than 3 cm. After planting, the pots should be kept in a room with an air temperature of no more than 8°C.

It takes a year for cuttings to fully root. That is, next spring they can already be placed in open ground. However, before this they must stand in a greenhouse for 3 weeks.

Fertilizers for growing thuja

In order for this plant to grow properly, it needs to be fertilized regularly. For this purpose, it is best to use the following types of fertilizers:

• Organic. It is used in cases where it is necessary to improve the overall agricultural background. TO organic fertilizers include: manure, peat, compost.
• Mineral fertilizers. We are talking, first of all, about mineral complexes containing potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Without them, normal cultivation of thuja in the northwestern and northern regions our country can hardly be called effective.
• Microfertilizers. They contain microelements such as manganese, molybdenum, zinc, cobalt, etc.

Conclusion

Growing thuja– this is not a simple, but very exciting process. Yes, in order to grow mature plant It will take more than one year, but real gardeners will not be afraid of any difficulties.

Thuja: growing by sowing seeds. Master class, photo

The simplest and most convenient technology for propagating thuja is sowing seeds in the ground before winter. The seedlings emerge strong and develop well. You can get any number of seedlings in a fairly short time. Here's how it's done:

Why is it convenient and easy to propagate thuja by seeds?

After planting, water and mulch with peat. Feed once every 2-3 weeks in the same way as in the previous season, water in dry weather, loosen the soil after watering and remove weeds at the same time as loosening. In the third year of cultivation, when the thuja grown from seeds reaches a height of 50 cm, it can be planted in a permanent place.

How to select thuja seedlings for a hedge

A hedge requires homogeneous planting material, but when growing thuja from seeds, a splitting of forms occurs: seedlings from sowing are obtained with different outlines and crown densities. There is a solution to this problem. At the age of 2-3 years, thuja seedlings are already clearly visible future form crowns You can easily choose for yourself required amount uniform planting material for hedges or other purposes. In addition, the thuja tolerates pruning very well, and the desired shape of the hedge can be obtained, even if the seedlings are slightly different.

Illustrations for the material: LLC Publishing House Gastronom

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If you love the exotic, then the thuja coniferous tree will fit perfectly into your garden. In addition, this tree is highly valued by gardeners and is popular among landscape designers.

Growing such coniferous tree can be divided into two ways: cuttings and seeds. Growing thuja from cuttings is an excellent way to quickly grow a tree; the cuttings take root well and young trees grow quickly. But unfortunately, it is not always possible to find the required number of cuttings, and therefore, growing thuja using seeds has recently become popular. This method is more effective and allows you to grow the number of trees you need in just a few years. Let's look at exactly this method - how to grow thuja from seeds.

The first step is to prepare and prepare the seeds for sowing. Since thuja is a frost-resistant plant, it is better to plant the seeds in the ground before winter.

Seed harvesting should be carried out in late summer and early autumn. You need to collect the cones before they open. The seeds are easy to obtain from dry buds. Place the collected seeds on the table and dry in a dry room.

It is best to sow thuja in the fall from recently collected seeds. Since the seeds will winter outside, this will contribute to the active germination of seedlings and the seeds will undergo natural stratification. If you plant the seeds in the fall, the seedlings will emerge early, unlike spring sowings. Young trees do not require constant attention, grow quickly and tolerate cold well.

Thuja seeds are planted in open ground or in wooden boxes. For ease of caring for plantings, gardeners plant seeds in boxes and only after they have grown, they are transplanted into open ground. The boxes are filled with soil, mixing peat and turf soil one part at a time with 2 parts sand.

Read only on the site Growing hazelnuts in the country

Level the soil and compact it a little. Deep rows are made into the prepared soil at a distance of 6 cm, into which the seeds are evenly planted. Lightly sprinkle the sowing with soil, about 1 cm. After planting, carefully water the seeds without allowing them to wash away. If, after all, the seeds have been washed a little, then you need to sprinkle them with a little soil.

After planting, young seedlings need proper and competent care. In spring, they need to be placed under trees that protect the sprouts from direct contact. sun rays.

After the soil warms up to a temperature of 15 degrees, the first shoots will appear in 20 - 25 days. Seedlings need to be fed every 14 days, this is done to stimulate growth. Fertilizing should be from mineral fertilizers consisting of: phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen.

In one season, plants can grow up to 8 cm. The first wintering should be spent in a box. Experienced gardeners recommend planting seedlings after the first winter in separate beds for further growing. Select an area that is in partial shade. The area needs to be well fertilized: per 1 m2 add 1 bucket of humus, 45 g of nitrophoska and 250 g wood ash, then dig up well.

Thuja can be replanted in spring and autumn. Thuja grows well on light sandy and slightly acidic soils with the addition of turf and leaf soil. Plants with a closed root system tolerate replanting most easily. Let's look at how to properly transplant thuja into open ground step by step:

• The tree should be planted to a depth of no more than 70 cm. If you are planting trees as a “living fence”, then the hole should be 0.7 - 1 meter deep. The width of the hole should be 1.5 times larger than the root ball. Drainage should be done to half the depth of the hole.
• To transplant thuja, you need to prepare the soil. The soil should be well fertilized and consist of all useful substances: humus, sand, peat and turf soil. If it is not possible to make such a composition, then you can buy a special ready-made primer for coniferous plants.
• When planting, maintain a distance between trees, which ranges from 1 to 2.5 meters. If you have chosen tall variety thuja, then the distance to the nearest trees or shrubs should be at least 3 meters. When planting, it is recommended to level the root collar to ground level. The main thing is not to damage the earthen lump.
• After transplanting, do not forget about watering. In fact, thuja is good at tolerating drought and frequent watering does not need, mature trees need to be watered during the hot weeks of summer. But the young trees or freshly transplanted need to be watered twice a week.
• Now let's move on to fertilizers. After transplantation, thuja needs to be fertilized with mineral fertilizers for two years. It is recommended to sometimes loosen the soil around the tree, but not deeply, a maximum of 10 cm. It should be remembered that a lot of shade and dry soil can lead to loss of color of the tree.
• Young seedlings should be covered with spruce branches in the fall, it will protect the tree from severe frosts. For the winter, you need to tie the thuja branches with twine to preserve the branches during winter snowstorms.
• To better form the crown, you need to do pruning. In spring, shorten thuja shoots by 1/3 for this purpose would be better suited good pruner. Dry branches must be carefully removed.

The coniferous tree thuja, which belongs to the cypress family, tolerates low temperatures, city dust and always remains green. Thuja is widely used in landscape design, since such a tree can be given any shape, and besides, it improves the health of the air.

Propagation of thuja by seeds is a rather labor-intensive and painstaking method of breeding a tree. But at the same time, it gives almost 100% results, which is also important, because thuja is a fairly expensive tree.

Planting thuja seeds in a summer cottage

The simplest and most convenient technology for propagating thuja is sowing seeds in the ground before winter. The seedlings emerge strong and develop well. You can get any number of seedlings in a fairly short time. Here's how it's done:

Why is it convenient to propagate thuja by seeds?

Thuja is winter-hardy and unpretentious. This is one of the best plants for hedges: thanks to evergreen needles, it protects the garden from cold winds both in summer and winter. But for a hedge you need a large number of very expensive plants. Where can you get so many seedlings if you don’t want to incur extra expenses?

By propagating thuja by seeds, you can get any number of seedlings in 3-4 years. And don’t let it scare you that in the first year of life, seedlings reach only 7 centimeters. After 2 years of cultivation, they will already grow to 50 cm, and subsequently they will give an increase of about 30 cm per season.

How to prepare thuja seeds from cones

Thuja seeds ripen in late August - early September. You need to collect the seeds before the cones open.

Spread the collected thuja cones in a thin layer to dry in a warm, dry place. As soon as the cones dry and open, the seeds spill out freely. It’s better not to delay sowing: if you store thuja seeds at room temperature, after three months their germination rate sharply decreases. If you decide to sow in the spring, for successful germination they will need stratification (exposure to low temperatures).

The easiest way is to sow thuja with freshly harvested seeds in the fall, leaving the crops to winter outside. Natural stratification increases germination energy, seedlings emerge earlier than after spring sowing, require less care, grow faster and survive the first winter more successfully.

Sowing thuja seeds

You can sow thuja directly into the ground in a specially designated bed, but it is better to sow the seeds in a box. It’s more convenient to work this way and easier to care for the seedlings: if necessary, the box can be moved to any place.

Fill the box with a mixture of turf or garden soil, peat and sand (1:2:0.5 parts). Level the soil well over the entire surface and compact the soil so that the side of the box rises 2-3 cm above it. After this, you need to mark the grooves at a distance of 5-6 centimeters.

To make it easier to bury the seeds, widen the grooves.

Distribute the thuja seeds evenly along the entire length of the groove.

Cover the crops with about 1 cm of soil mixture on top. Compact the surface with a plank. If the weather is dry, water a little, but be careful not to let the seeds float. Those seeds that do float should be sprinkled with a small amount of soil. In wet weather, no watering is required.

How to care for thuja crops

Place the box with the seeds outside, preferably under the canopy of trees: then the seedlings will not be exposed to direct sunlight in the spring - this is dangerous for coniferous plants, including thuja. If there are animals on your site, then the crops must be covered with film or non-woven covering material. After the snow melts, make sure that the shelter does not touch the soil surface.

2-3 weeks after the soil warms up to +10...+15°C, the thuja gives its first shoots. Thuja seedlings do not look like adult plants: their needles are needle-shaped, and not scaly, like those of adult plants.

A hedge requires homogeneous planting material, but when growing thuja from seeds, a splitting of forms occurs: seedlings from sowing are obtained with different outlines and crown densities. There is a solution to this problem. At the age of 2-3 years, the future shape of the crown is already clearly visible in thuja seedlings. You can easily select the required amount of uniform planting material for a hedge or other purposes. In addition, the thuja tolerates pruning very well, and the desired shape of the hedge can be obtained, even if the seedlings are slightly different.

It may seem that instead of the thuja, another plant grew from the seeds - for example, spruce or juniper. But don’t be alarmed: after 2-3 months, the seedlings will have their first branches with real scaly needles.

Every two weeks, feed the plants with a solution of complete mineral fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). You can use fertilizers that include microelements (manganese, zinc, molybdenum, copper, boron). During the season, the seedlings grow up to 7-8 cm and remain overwintering in the box.

If the crops are not very thickened, and the box is deep enough (or you sowed directly into the ground), then the crops can be left in the same place for another year. But more developed thuja seedlings are obtained if you plant them in a shkolka (bed for growing) after the first wintering.

It is best to choose a place for the school in light partial shade. Apply 1 square meter to the soil. m: humus (1 bucket), nitroammophoska (40 g) and wood ash (250-300 g), dig well onto the bayonet of a shovel.

Thuja tolerates transplantation well at any age. It is planted in a school for growing according to a 30x30 cm pattern.

When planting, make sure that the root collar remains in the soil; deepening leads to damping off. As a result, the thuja turns yellow and usually dies.

After planting, water and mulch with peat. Feed once every 2-3 weeks in the same way as in the previous season, water in dry weather, loosen the soil after watering and remove weeds at the same time as loosening. In the third year of cultivation, when the thuja grown from seeds reaches a height of 50 centimeters, it can be planted in a permanent place.

We grow thuja from seeds at home

Seeds selected for sowing must undergo stratification.

To stratify thuja seeds, they are first sorted and then placed in a container filled with wet sand or sawdust. This container, closed, is placed on the bottom shelf of a regular household refrigerator and left for 2 to 3 months. Naturally, from time to time you need to look there and check if everything is in order - if they are moldy, dry, etc.

Prepared seeds are sown already in February, using additional illumination of the seedlings with a fluorescent lamp. First, drainage is laid at the bottom of the container or pot in a layer of 2 - 3 cm. This can be expanded clay, crushed coal, etc. The prepared soil mixture is poured on top, making sure to leave 2 cm to the top of the pot. It is best to take a ready-made mixture intended for conifers. 2 - 3 mm is poured on top of the soil river sand, compacting it a little.

The finished soil mixture is watered for disinfection. warm solution potassium permanganate dark pink. When all the moisture is completely absorbed, sow the seeds in a checkerboard pattern, at a distance of a centimeter from one another. There is no need to cover the thuja seeds with soil; they just need to be lightly pressed onto the still moist soil, sprayed with water and covered with film or glass.

Seeds should germinate in a warm place, at a temperature not lower than 20C. As soon as the sprouts appear, the pot is placed in a cooler and well-lit place. The small pubescent roots of the seedlings must be carefully sprinkled with sand and moistened with a sprayer. Crops need to be ventilated and carefully inspected every day, removing diseased plants, if any.

After about a month to a month and a half, when the seedlings have already grown up, the film cover is removed, but they continue to regularly spray with water.

In the first year, seedlings do not need to be picked. Instead, soil is added to the pots.

In the second year, in April or May, the seedlings are planted in pots or cups. Feed with fertilizers. In the summer, it is recommended to take the cups outside, placing them in partial shade. They should be watered moderately, but not allowing them to dry out.

The plants should spend the second winter under cover - in a greenhouse or in the house.

In the third year, future seedlings are transplanted into larger containers or pots using the transfer method. In May they can be safely taken out onto the balcony or directly into the garden, and in the fall they can be planted in a permanent place.

– one of prominent representatives evergreen coniferous trees. It is often used when planning landscape design. The beautiful slender pyramids of this plant are very unpretentious in care and have useful property release active substances into the air - phytoncides. This is why gardeners and summer residents who know how to grow thuja fell in love with these lush green beauties. Thuja propagates by cuttings and seeds. Planting cuttings different varieties can be purchased at a nursery or from experienced gardener who breeds them. You can quite easily grow thuja from a seed yourself. Let's try to figure out exactly how you can grow thuja yourself.

Did you know? Thuja occidentalis grows in all growing conditions; its unpretentiousness will appeal to novice gardeners.

Thuja seeds: pros and cons of this method

A huge advantage of growing thuja seeds at home is the ability to grow large quantity seedlings at the same time, and they will be of the same size and age. This is interesting for those who plan to do hedge or composition on large plot. In addition, thuja grown from seed will be better adapted to the growing area.

This method is cheap to use, but it also has its disadvantages:

• long process of seedling development. The period from seed to planting the plant in the soil lasts approximately 5 years;
• seedlings will be similar in appearance, but may lose the shape and quality of the varieties of their predecessors.

How to prepare seeds and prepare the soil

If you have thought carefully and decided to propagate thuja with seeds, you need to take it seriously. this issue. It all starts with collecting seeds in early autumn. To do this, ripe seed cones of brown or brownish color are removed from the parent tree and dried in a warm room for several days. When the cone opens, you need to lightly tap on it. This will make it possible to extract and collect small seeds Brown. After collecting the seeds, it is necessary to carry out stratification.

Wrap the collected seeds in a cloth and bury them in the ground, cover with fallen leaves or existing insulation. Overwintered seeds are removed from the thawed ground and poured into a container covered with sand on top, which must be placed in the refrigerator for a couple of months. The next important stage is soil preparation. For good growth Thuja needs a special nutrient mixture: turf soil and peat in equal parts and a double part of sand.

Important! You can give the thuja crown the desired shape with garden pruners, cutting off the upper parts of the shoots on the sides and at the top.

Sowing technology: how to propagate thuja by seeds

To the bottom wooden box drainage of at least 2 cm is first laid, the prepared nutrient mixture is poured on top, leveled and compacted. Then thuja seeds are sown evenly in the furrows made. The row spacing should be at least 6-7 cm. The seeds are lightly crushed with a peat-sand mixture, irrigated with a spray bottle, and the entire box is covered with film or glass until germination. Watering is carried out using a spray bottle to avoid washing out the seeds from the soil.

The pot should be kept in a warm place until the seeds germinate. After the sprouts appear, the pot with thujas is moved to a cool place with sufficient lighting. In this case, ventilation and removal of spoiled sprouts is mandatory. 40 days after planting, the thuja seedlings should sprout well, after which the film is removed. This method of growing thuja from seeds gives very good germination, but requires considerable effort and the presence of a pot for planting.

Did you know? The thuja variety Smaragd is a real long-liver, growing up to 150 years.

However, there is another option, how to grow thuja from seeds more the easy way. To do this, the seed is collected in November and immediately sown in the ground without pre-treatment. It will not hurt to cover the sowing areas with sawdust, which will create favorable conditions for the seeds. In the spring, if this method is successful for your seeds, shoots resembling dill in appearance will appear. With this most natural method of growing thuja, a seedling can grow up to 7 cm in height.

How to properly care for seedlings

So, we have figured out how thuja reproduces, and now we will study the process of caring for seedlings. If the so-called thuja seedlings are not very thickened and each plant has room for development, then in the first year of life the seedlings are not replanted. You can add the soil mixture in which the seeds were planted into the box.

In the second year of life in the spring, you need to plant the seedlings in separate pots and place them in a semi-dark place outside. Watering should be moderate. For the winter, the plants are moved indoors. In the third year of life, from May, the seedlings are taken outside, and in the fall they are ready for planting in a permanent place of growth.

Temperature support

The plant should be in partial shade, optimal temperature air for seedlings in summer from +17 to +23 degrees. A pot of thuja should overwinter at a temperature of +15 to +18 degrees.

After planting in open ground for the winter, seedlings must be wrapped.

Lighting selection

Seedlings need protection from direct sunlight. When storing a box of thuja seedlings at home, place it on a window on the north or west side. Plants will have diffused light that is ideal for development.

Feeding seedlings

To improve the growth of seedlings, you need to organize regular feeding minerals such as potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, molybdenum, boron and manganese will also be useful. Well suited for such purposes mineral fertilizers"Agricole" and "Solution". Fertilize the seedlings twice a month.

Important! When replanting, do not deepen the root collar of the plant, this may lead to its death.

When to replant seedlings and how to do it

Transplantation of seedlings into open ground is carried out no earlier than the third year if necessary, but it is better to do this in the fifth year of life. First you need to choose a darkened seat and prepare it. To do this, it is necessary to fertilize each square meter area of ​​the future bed with the following composition: bucket of humus, 2 tbsp. spoons of “Nitroammophoska” and a glass of wood ash. This mixture needs to be mixed, distributed on the ground and the area thoroughly dug up.