Street water drains. Installation of a system for draining rainwater from the roof. Aluminum gutters

Draining atmospheric water flowing from the roof from the foundation of the house is one of the main tasks in preventing basement flooding. This problem can be solved by several methods, but the most popular and easy to do is installing a drainage system.

It is recommended to install at the stage of roofing work or immediately after its completion. Such systems have a simple design and are easy to install with your own hands. At the same time, drainage systems are reliable and effective solution the issue of drainage of rain and melt water.

Types of drainage systems

In modern practice, two types of organized drainage are used:

Internal drainage system. Most often used in homes with flat roof. It has two types: gravity and siphon-vacuum. The gravity type of internal storm drain is easier to install. Vacuum system has better performance ( throughput) with smaller pipe diameters.
External drain. A fairly simple system consisting of several basic elements: funnels and drainpipes. In practice, it is used not only for pitched roofs of private houses, but quite often buildings with flat roofs are equipped with such storm drains, since this method has a simpler installation.

This article is devoted to external organized systems for draining atmospheric water from the roof.

Elements of external drainage design

The external drainage system consists of a fairly large number of elements:

brackets (fastening) of gutters;
water intake funnels;
gutters;
drainpipes;
connecting elbows with an angle of 45 and 90°;
mounting clamps (holder drainpipe).

Any system includes several additional accessories used for drainage systems from complex (multi-slope) roofs:

gutters with internal or external corner;
end gutter plugs;
drain outlet

Advice! Most modern systems use a special gutter connector to ensure a tight, secure, and durable connection.

Materials used

As already noted, the main structural elements any drainage system consists of gutters, funnels, connecting elbows and downpipes. It is based on the material used to make these products that storm sewers differ. Let's look at the basic materials.

Steel structures

The classic option is a galvanized steel drainage system. With the development of new technologies, more reliable and durable options: gutters and pipes made of steel coated with a protective polymer layer. Storm drainage made from such materials has the following advantages:

High mechanical strength.
Ability to withstand sudden temperature fluctuations.
The metal does not crack in the cold.
High corrosion resistance due to the polymer protective layer.
A large selection of colors can be matched to any roof covering material.

It is worth noting that when installing metal gutters to drain water from the roof, all storm drain elements should be secured with reinforced brackets, since such a system has significant weight.

PVC gutters

Recently, plastic gutters for drainage systems have become increasingly popular. Such structures for draining rainwater have the following positive characteristics:

A special technical acrylic coating significantly increases the resistance of plastic gutters and pipes to ultraviolet radiation and protects against the aggressive effects of rainwater.
Plastic storm drain does not have significant weight, which simplifies installation: mounting can be done on plastic brackets.
The elasticity and rigidity of the material determines good mechanical strength. For regions with high levels of precipitation (snow), gutters with additional stiffeners are produced.

When assembling a plastic drainage system, a special connector (coupling) with rubber gaskets is used.

Advice! Sometimes, instead of a coupling, an adhesive version of assembling plastic elements is used. This method has a significant drawback: the structure becomes non-separable, which makes it impossible to replace a damaged part.

Alternative options

Recently, it has become fashionable to make custom-made systems for draining rainwater from the roof. In this case, most often gutters and other storm drain parts are made from the following materials:

Copper. Excellent, strong and durable material for storm drains. The gutters are connected to each other using a fold or soldering method. Experts recommend mounting this design on copper brackets or using a stainless steel holder. Unfortunately, copper drainage oxidizes quite quickly and loses its exclusive appearance.
Aluminum. The light weight of this material greatly simplifies the installation of such gutters. In order not to spoil the appearance, it is recommended to use an aluminum mount, since other materials do not mix well and can damage this soft metal.
Zinc-titanium alloy - gutters made of this material are strong, reliable, and have an exclusive appearance that is preserved throughout its entire service life.

Advice! Gutter systems made from these materials are expensive and require constant maintenance. Therefore, they are not widely used, and their installation is recommended mainly for roofs covered with natural roofing material.

Gutter installation technology

Let's look at how to fasten one of the main elements of storm drainage - gutters. Despite the variety of manufacturing materials, the installation of a rainwater drainage system from the roof is approximately the same:

First of all, the frontal board is installed: it is attached directly to the facade of the house under the roof overhang.
Water intake funnels are installed in a pre-selected location.
After this, installation of the brackets begins. They are attached to the front board in increments of no more than 50 cm.
Then the gutters are installed in the brackets. They are securely fastened using special clamps.

Advice! An important aspect of the performance of the rainwater drainage system is the correct fastening of the gutters relative to the roof overhang. The edge of the roof should be approximately in the center of the gutter. Also, we must not forget about the need for a slight slope towards the funnel.

Once the gutter system is assembled, installation of the drainpipes can begin. For this purpose, connecting elbows with an angle of 45° are used. The pipes are attached to the facade of the house using special clamps.

Quite often on suburban area special ones are installed wastewater treatment plants, in which atmospheric water undergoes the necessary filtration. After this, such water can be used for watering the garden, as well as for other household needs.

Rainwater flowing from the roof has enormous destructive power. Firstly, the walls and foundation of the house get wet, which leads to their rapid wear. Secondly, water falling from a height onto the blind area a short time knocks out and washes out the hollows on it. Concrete blind area can collapse quite quickly, just like paving slabs. Thirdly, all the water flowing from the roof is absorbed into the ground right next to the house, which leads to flooding of basements and ground floors. We could list the consequences for a long time, but it is already clear that water drainage from the roof is necessary. To do this, a drainage system must be installed under the roof overhang, which collects water flowing from the roof and directs it to a designated place on the site. To do everything correctly, you should familiarize yourself with what elements of the drainage system are needed, what materials they can be made of, as well as the technology for their installation.

Roof water drainage system - elements

There are two types of drainage systems - external And internal.

External drainage system installed on roof overhangs if the roof is pitched (single-pitched, double-pitched, hip, etc.). This type of system is used in most country houses, so this is what we will consider in more detail.

Settling in flat roofs, Where roofing material has a special slope leading to a funnel - a receiver of rainwater, which then enters the drainpipe inside the building or in technical cavities.

Gutter. Serves to collect water flowing from the roof of the house. May have different shape and dimensions, made from various materials. The gutter then carries the water into a downspout, which directs the water to the roof water drain.

Typically, gutters of a drainage system are no longer than 2.5 m, therefore, to install a drain on a roof that is longer, it is necessary to connect the gutters to each other. The connectors are equipped with rubber seals that ensure the tightness of the connection and also serve to compensate for the thermal expansion of the gutter material.
Gutter angle. Various corner elements for lining the internal corners of the house. Provides excellent hydrodynamics.
Brackets. Various types of elements that are necessary to secure gutters to the roof. This can be a long hook for hanging gutters, a short hook, or a compact hook. They all have different design and are used in different situations.
Funnel gutter. With its help, water from the gutters is collected into the drainpipe. A mandatory element for installing a drain when correct installation no additional sealing is required.
Gutter plugs installed along the edges of the gutter to prevent water from flowing down.
Pipe. Water from the gutters drains into it. Further through the pipe, the water is drained to the designated place. It is installed under the funnel and securely attached to it.
Pipe elbow And drain elbow used to drain water away from the base and blind area of the building. The pipe elbow serves to change the direction of the drainpipe. The drain elbow is installed at the bottom so that the water flows directly into the storm drain.
Pipe mounting brackets. They are used to secure the drainpipe to the wall of the house so that gusts of wind cannot disturb its position.

In addition to the above elements, protective mesh cap for gutter so that no debris, such as leaves, gets into it. After all, a clogged drain begins to perform its functions poorly. Also, instead of a drainpipe, decorative drainage chains can be used, through which water flows into a container or flowerbed located immediately under the funnel. Such a chain can be a real decoration of the house if it is correctly combined with other exterior items and you select gutters that are organically combined with the chain.

Types of gutters and downpipes

Gutters and pipes are the main elements of the system that drains rainwater from the roof. You can buy on the market ready-made kits drainage systems consisting of various elements, after connection and installation of which you can be sure that the collection and drainage of rainwater is ensured. The main thing is to choose the right sizes. Typically, the diameter of the gutter varies from 90 mm to 150 mm, and the diameter of the downspout from 75 mm to 120 mm.

What diameter of gutter and drainpipe to choose depends on the size of the roof of the house. For roofs with a small slope from 10 to 70 m2, gutters with a diameter of 90 mm and pipes with a diameter of 75 mm are suitable. For roofs with a slope area greater than 100 m2, gutters with a diameter of 100, 120, 130 and 150 mm are used, and pipes - 90 mm, 100 and 120 mm.

In addition to the size, the elements of the drainage system differ in the material of manufacture and even in shape.

Gutter material

Gutter systems, including gutters, can be either metal, or plastic. Metal gutters include gutters made of galvanized steel, aluminum, copper, titanium-zinc and purala (galvanized steel coated on both sides with polymer).

Although they are more resistant to water than the tin gutters that were previously used, they nevertheless quickly fail under the influence of acid rain. Therefore, recently they are used less and less, and only because they are the cheapest. But products coated with polymers, for example, pural, are resistant to corrosion, fading of the material, as well as mechanical stress. These gutters are available in a wide range of colors, so you can choose the product that best matches the facade of the building. The connection of gutters made of galvanized steel coated with polymer is made using special connecting elements with sealing rubber bands, locks and staples. And the brackets have a snap-on design. Disadvantage similar products is the fragility of the coating, which can be damaged during transportation or installation, and then rust will form at the site where the polymer coating is chipped.

They are varnished or painted in various colors, so they last a long time. Products are purchased in finished form and are connected with rivets and aluminum glue; special paste or silicone can also be used for sealing. Besides finished products It is possible to make a roof drain from sheet aluminum directly on the construction site by cutting the sheet and bending it in a certain way.

They are considered the most durable. They are made from pure copper without additional coatings. They are connected to each other by folding or soldering. Most often they are mounted on standing seam copper roofs. Over time, copper oxidizes, acquiring a greenish tint, and later almost malachite. This is the so-called patina - copper oxide. It gives the entire roof a certain sophistication. Against the general background of such a roof, gutters and drains will not stand out at all, as if they were one with the roof.

When installing copper gutters, you must remember that they should not come into contact with other metals - aluminum or steel, and the roof of the house should not be made of these materials either, otherwise the water flowing from them will lead to corrosion of the copper.

Titanium-zinc gutter may have a natural silver color, or may be specially coated with a patina. By the way, titanium-zinc is a material that consists of 99.5% zinc, with the rest being additives of copper, aluminum and titanium. Titanium in this case gives a certain strength to the product, since zinc itself is very fragile. Titanium-zinc gutters are connected by soldering, during which special pastes are used. This type of gutters is the most expensive of the existing ones. this moment, so it is used extremely rarely. But it can last up to 150 years.

The most common. The plastic from which they are made is painted in its entirety, so the color of the product is uniform and even if the surface is damaged, it will not be noticeable, as if the material was painted only on the outside. To make PVC more resistant to ultraviolet rays and chemical aggression, the surface of the gutters is coated with acrylic or titanium dioxide. PVC gutters are connected to each other using couplings with rubber seals, latches and adhesive connections. The service life of a PVC drain can reach 50 years, and all due to the fact that PVC is not afraid of corrosion, can withstand temperature changes (-50 ° C - +70 ° C), as well as heavy snow and wind loads. In the process of snow melting from the roof, PVC gutters are not damaged due to the fact that they do not have a vulnerable coating. For example, if ice from the roof scratches the gutter, such a gutter will not last long.

Shape of gutters

In addition to the fact that gutters are made from different materials, they can also have different shapes. The sections of the gutters are as follows: semicircular, trapezoidal, semi-elliptical, square And rectangular, as well as imitating the shape of a cornice.

Semicircular gutters are the most common and fit any roof structure. Their edges turned inward and outward are stiffening ribs that increase the resistance of the gutters to mechanical loads. Semi-elliptical gutters are able to accommodate and move a larger volume of water, so they are used to drain water from the roof of a house with a large slope area. Square and rectangular gutters are selected for a specific design, so they are not used everywhere. In addition, such a structure can easily be damaged when snow falls from the roof, so it is mounted in a special way, and snow retainers are installed on the roof.

Whatever the shape of the gutter is chosen, the pipes must correspond to them: for semicircular and semi-elliptical gutters - round pipes, and for box gutters (square, rectangular and trapezoidal) - square.

Brackets - hooks for attaching gutters differ in size and shape, as well as the location of the fastener. The shape depends on the place of fastening:

Brackets attached to the wind board, which is nailed along the roof slope. Such hooks are called front brackets, they are screwed to the wind board and have an adjustment mechanism.
Flat curved brackets are attached to rafter leg, if the pitch between the rafters does not exceed the permissible distance between the brackets for the gutter, and can also be attached to the outermost lath of the sheathing or to a solid plank flooring.
Flat curved brackets can be attached to the side of the rafters, but they must first be bent.
Universal brackets can be attached anywhere: to the wind board, to the last batten of the sheathing, to the rafters in the front part or on the side, as well as to a continuous boardwalk.

Typically, the brackets come complete with gutters and the entire gutter system, so they exactly match the shape and color of the gutter. For example, for trapezoidal gutters, brackets of a special trapezoidal shape are used. The same applies to other types.

The material of the brackets depends on the material of the gutters. For copper products, copper or steel brackets are used. For titanium-zinc gutters, only titanium-zinc fasteners. But for gutters made of PVC or galvanized steel coated with polymer, metal brackets are used that are covered with a composite shell or painted to match the color of the drain.

The dimensions of the holders and brackets must correspond to the dimensions of the gutters. Although there are universal models that can be adjusted, so they are suitable for gutters and pipes of any diameter.

Installation of a rainwater drainage system from the roof

Installing a gutter system on a pitched roof is easy enough to be done by one person and a partner. Although the installation technology itself has some important nuances and little things that determine the reliability of the entire system. If you doubt your abilities, it is better to entrust the installation to specialists. The fact is that most manufacturers of drainage systems provide a guarantee on the product. If system components are damaged during transportation or installation, the warranty will be void. If you turn to professionals for help, you will have a guarantee not only for the products, but also for the work performed.

If you decide to install a water drain from the roof yourself, then the instructions below will be useful to you.

First of all, you need to decide what material you need the gutter from, what shape and color. Then a calculation is made of how many of which elements are required. After purchasing everything you need, you can begin the work itself.

Securing the brackets

It is extremely important to correctly determine what is best to attach the brackets to specifically in your case. Remember, the distance from the gutter to the wall should not be less than 6 - 8 cm. Otherwise, the wall will get wet, if not from wastewater, then from condensation.

The next rule is that the gutter should be located with a slope of 5 - 20 mm per 1 linear meter, so that water does not accumulate in it, but flows by gravity into the funnel and pipe. Therefore, the brackets must be mounted not on the same horizontal line, but offset. Before you start installing the brackets, you need to check the required slope and mark it. Only then can installation begin.

How to collect water from a roof and correctly calculate the slope? We take the length of the slope, for example, 8 m. The slope should be 10 mm per 1 m. It turns out that the difference in height between the upper and lower brackets should be 80 mm. If the length of the slope is more than 12 m, then it is necessary to install two drain pipes and make the gutter with a slope in two directions. Starting from the middle of the slope, the left side of the gutter should slope to the left and down, and the right side should slope to the right and down.

The topmost bracket is attached first. It should be located with opposite side from the drain pipe. It must be installed in such a way that water flowing from the roof gets into it, but it is not in the path of the falling avalanche snow, otherwise the system will not survive. The distance from the edge of the roof to the first upper bracket should be 10 - 15 cm. It is secured with self-tapping screws.

The second is the last lowest bracket.. It must be secured with self-tapping screws without tightening it completely. Then a construction thread is stretched between the brackets and places for attaching intermediate brackets are marked along it. The distance between the brackets should be 40 - 70 cm depending on the system, the most common step is 50 cm. All intermediate brackets are secured.

Important! When installing the brackets, it is important to remember that the gutters will be connected to each other, and the bracket should not fit under the connecting piece. Also, it should not be under the receiving funnel, but at a distance of 10 - 20 cm from it.

By the way, the receiving funnel is not installed in the corner of the slope, but 40 - 70 cm closer to the middle, at the level of the walls of the house.

Therefore, the last bottom bracket must be moved slightly higher than the position in which it was first attached so that the water can drain into the funnel.

Installation of gutters

Next, the gutter is assembled and installed on the brackets. Typically, gutters are available in lengths of 1 m, 2 m and 2.5 m. Therefore, the elements must be pre-connected. To do this, use elements with a rubber seal.

Plugs are installed along the edges of the gutter, and a receiving funnel/storm inlet is installed in the appropriate place. The axis of the funnel should coincide with the axis of the hole cut in the gutter.

The gutter should have a slope not only towards the receiving pipe, but also towards “away from the house”. This will ensure safety and reduce the possibility of damage to the gutter during a snow avalanche.

The drainpipes are installed last. A drain pipe must be exactly located under the funnel/storm inlet. The pipe is secured to the walls with special holders or clamps. Fastening the clamps depends on the material of the walls; these can be screws, nails, self-tapping screws or dowels.

Pipe holders must be placed at the pipe joints - under each socket. The maximum distance between the holders is 1.8 - 2 m. The last element of the pipe - the drain elbow - must be positioned so as to drain water to the designated place.

Where to drain water from the roof

Well, the drainage system is installed on the roof, all that remains is to decide where all the collected water will be discharged. And there are several options:

. A barrel or tank for rainwater can be placed at a distance from the house (about 0.5 - 5 m) from above, or it can be buried in the ground. The water flowing from the roof will accumulate in a container, and then it can be used to water the garden or garden.

If rainwater is not needed and you are not going to water anything, then it can be drained into a collection filtration well. A pit is dug in the ground, at the bottom of which a layer of crushed stone is poured. Then settle down from above concrete well, which is also filled up to half with crushed stone mixed with sand, and on top with sand. This bedding serves as an absorbent element. Seeping through sand and gravel, the water is purified. Such a well must be located at least 2 m away from the house, otherwise the level may rise groundwater around the house.

. If a private house is connected to a central sewer, then rainwater can be drained into it, but only by agreement and for a fee.

Draining rainwater into a drainage ditch or pond. Rainwater is clean enough not to harm the ecosystem if poured into a drainage ditch or reservoir (lake, river, artificial pit). The main thing is to calculate that the water level in the drainage ditch does not rise too high in the event of heavy rains.

It is necessary to drain water from the roof of the house so that it does not undermine the foundation and destroy it. Therefore, if possible, it is necessary to arrange a full-fledged system gutter If this is not possible, for example, this happens if the roof is sloping and made of natural materials - reeds or straw, then its overhangs should protrude beyond the house by at least 50 cm. Below, it is desirable that the water flows directly onto the ground.

It is impossible to do without drainage systems attached to the roof of the house if you do not want rain streams, flowing from the height of the roof, splashing onto the walls and washing away the foundation. You can assemble a roof drain with your own hands by purchasing ready-made systems from well-known companies, or you can make it yourself, for example, from a galvanized sheet or even from plastic sewer pipes.

By purchasing professionally manufactured and well-thought-out kits, you can choose everything for them necessary elements- from small fastener parts to complex angles and connections.

If a decision is made, then you will have to try and think carefully about what the elements of this system will be made of and how functional they will be.

What are drainage systems made of?

The most popular materials for the manufacture of gutters at present are special polymers that can easily withstand low and high temperatures, as well as their sudden changes. Such systems are produced by companies specialized in the development of plastic products for the construction and exterior design of buildings. Kits of professionally manufactured systems are quite expensive, and they are mainly installed on the roofs of respectable mansions and less often in — ordinary houses in the private sector, although they can transform any structure.

Galvanized steel gutters are a kind of “classic of the genre”

Since time immemorial, drainage systems have been made of galvanized metal. Such elements are usually ordered from tinsmiths or purchased in specialized stores. Metal gutters are more affordable and therefore are used more often. Despite the low price compared to other systems, and perhaps not as aesthetically pleasing, galvanized gutters have their positive aspects, in which they are even superior to similar sets made from plastic or metal alloys. The main disadvantage of galvanized systems is the divergence of connecting seams due to temperature changes. However, here a lot depends on the skill of the tinsmith who makes them.

Steel gutters can be coated with a layer of highly resistant polymer paint. This improves them significantly decorative characteristics and provides additional protection against corrosion.

Almost “eternal” gutters made of zinc-titanium alloy

Gutter systems are also made from a metal alloy called zinc-titanium, which is also coated with polymer paints at the final stage of production. The content of pure zinc in the alloy reaches 98 - 99% - a guarantee of corrosion resistance, the addition of titanium is a condition for the strength of products, and very small inclusions of aluminum and copper give this material high ductility during processing.

Such drainage systems look just as aesthetically pleasing as plastic ones, but are more reliable as they are better able to withstand the influence of external environment. Their external disadvantages, if the coating is of poor quality, include possible peeling of the polymer coating, therefore, having settled on this option, it is better to purchase kits from a trusted manufacturer that enjoys strong authority.

All of the listed materials are well suited for gutters - they are easy to process, install and look neat, blending organically with the exterior of the building and becoming both a necessary functional detail of the building and an important addition to its design.

Basic elements of a drainage system

If gutters are purchased in a store, you don’t have to think about how and what to make one of the elements of the system from - the manufacturer has already thought through all the nuances of the roof design. Having measured and specified all the parameters on own home, you can buy all the necessary parts.

Despite the variety of options for drainage systems, they all have approximately a common structure and consist of similar structural parts:

1. The gutter is the main part of the drain, which collects water flowing from the roof slopes. Typically, gutters are made up to 4 meters long.

2. Hook-brackets on which the gutter is laid. Plastic brackets are usually used for systems also made of polymers.

3. Gutter edge cap for right and left sides.

4. Funnels installed along the edges of gutters.

5. Central funnel, fixed with glue or using grooves and seals (5a).

6. Connecting piece (coupling) for the gutter. It can also be mounted with glue or with a clever groove connection using sealing gaskets (6a).

7. Universal connecting angle of 90º external and internal (7a).

8. Drain pipe with connecting pipe coupling

9. A screw clamp that tightens the coupling connection of pipes and other elements.

10. A tee providing a connection between two drainpipes.

11. Transition coupling - used when it is necessary to connect pipes of different diameters.

12 and 13. Bends (elbows) for connecting drainpipes. Usually have an angle of 60 ÷ 70º - different manufacturers may apply own standards. It is clear that in one system there must be elements with the same values corner.

14. Terminal outlet with an angle of 45 º - for directing wastewater into the storm water inlet. This detail is also called a mark.

15. Hook-bracket made of metal.

In addition to the presented elements, for some drainage systems, instead of brackets, the kit includes a curtain rod, which is an additional holder for the brackets or even performs their function itself.

Before going to the store, you need to draw up a drawing of the edge of the roof with all the turns and protrusions, while measuring the corners. A drawing with detailed drainage parameters should be provided to a specialist, who should help select all the necessary elements for a complete set.

Video: example of installation of a finished GAMRAT drainage system

Prices for drainage systems

Drainage systems

Independent production of drainage elements

1. If you are installing a system made of galvanized metal, then, in order to save money, you can make gutters yourself, since sheets of material are much cheaper than ready-made elements.

You can make a semicircular or square gutter from galvanized steel, but the semicircular shape is still considered traditional.

It is easy to shape a thin sheet of metal using a pipe of the required diameter, making special bends at the edges so that they are securely held on the mounting brackets.

If you can make a gutter for the drain, then making the brackets won’t be a big deal either. Their semicircle should have a slightly larger radius, since the gutter should easily fit and be secured in the bracket.

It is easy to make a box-shaped gutter from galvanized metal. Its form is shown by wooden block the right size. One of the sides is made a little larger and bent to the side so that the flowing water gets to the right place. Then, its edges are bent in a special way.

2. If you need to make a drain only on a straight section to the roof, then the gutter can also be made from plastic sewer pipes. Such gutters will cost almost nothing in terms of price, since one pipe produces two gutters at once.

The pipe at the beginning and end is fixed on two boards using self-tapping screws; in its upper part, exactly opposite the lower fixation points, one more self-tapping screw is not completely screwed in. A thin line is pulled over their protruding parts. rope, a straight line is marked along it. Using this marking, the pipe is cut from start to finish using a grinder.
The pipe is then turned over and the process is repeated. Thus, we get two halves, which will serve as gutters. When assembling, individual parts can be screwed together from the inside. Using sewer pipes, from the same system you can take corner parts, also sawing them lengthwise.

Video: making gutters from a plastic sewer pipe

Of course, homemade parts will not have such a spectacular appearance as professionally made ones, but you can save a decent amount on this.

3. If desired, you can select other components to assemble the entire complex, since currently you can find a lot suitable materials, which will serve as blanks. The only parts that you still have to order or buy are funnels. It is quite difficult to make them yourself without any experience in tin work.

Installation of a drainage system

The installation of the system is carried out differently, depending on the chosen fasteners and the installation period.

Installation on the outer crossbar or rafter is considered optimal. pitched roof before laying and securing the roofing.

The presented diagram clearly shows how the brackets are secured and covered with a cornice strip. In this case, it acts as a kind of shield for the soffit, protecting it from direct moisture.

In other cases, the eaves strip is made from a board, and if the brackets are not secured before laying the roof, then they are attached to it.

Sometimes gutter mounts are attached to the bottom of the slope directly onto the roof, but this is not entirely the right option.

Wherever the brackets for the gutters are attached, their location must be calculated in such a way that water flowing from the roof in a large stream falls into this channel and does not spill beyond it.

This parameter depends on how much the edge of the roof protrudes. If it extends over a sufficiently large distance, sometimes it makes sense to choose a fastening option installed on the roof itself.

Video: example of calculation and installation of a house drainage system

So, having purchased or manufactured a suitable drainage system, you can begin its installation.

1. The first step is the process of installing the gutter holder brackets.

They are fixed at a distance of 550 — 600 mm apart, with a slight slope towards the drain. The brackets must be secured in such a way that the roof overhang is at gutter 1/3 the size of the semicircle, and 2/3 of the gutters will “catch” water from the roof.

If the brackets are fixed on a wooden cornice strip, then in order to clearly see the slope and the fastening line, carry out the following steps:

— First, install a bracket that will support the highest edge of the gutter, taking into account all the rules and recommendations.

— The next step is to secure the last bracket in the row. It is fixed with a slope of 4-5 mm per linear meter. An incorrectly designed and installed system will not work efficiently, and over time it will inevitably develop leaks.

— Then, the brackets are fixed in the marked places. In this way, the required overall slope of the drainage system will be met. gutters

The gutter is laid and assembled, and a plug is installed on its raised edge.

If a funnel is to be installed at the end and in the middle of the gutter, and it is necessary to make a hole for it corresponding to the size of the funnel, then it is installed on the gutter and fixed.

An additional middle funnel is installed if the length of the side of the house exceeds 12 meters. If it is shorter, then it is enough to install this element only at the end of the gutter, in its lower part.
The gutter is fixed by sliding a groove on its edge onto the protrusion of the bracket.
If a ready-made drainage system is installed, then the individual parts of the gutter are fastened together with special connecting parts, which provide for precise mating and appropriate sealing. If the system is made independently, then the gutters are laid overlapping and twisted with self-tapping screws. In this case, it is also useful to provide a thin sealing gasket, for example, from a rubber strip.
When the sewer channel is laid and funnels are installed in it, sewer pipes and elbow bends are mounted to them, which are tightened at the joints with clamps. Drainpipes are secured to the wall with clamps. Using bends will allow you to position the pipes along the wall so that the clamp posts do not protrude too much.

If water from the roof goes into the ground, then the drain pipe attached to the wall should end at 300 — 350 mm from the ground surface.
If for collection and disposal rain or melt water, a storm drain is installed around the house, then pipe from the roof sometimes connect directly to it or place the edge of the drainpipe with a mark directly above the storm inlet opening or drainage tray.

Find out how to make different systems from our new article.

Something that many people forget about or simply don’t know. It is highly advisable to install a protective mesh on the gutters, which will not allow large debris and fallen leaves to accumulate at the bottom. In ready-made systems, it is usually provided in the form of a strip that is attached to the edges of the gutter.

For a homemade system, you can purchase mesh by the meter and place it in a gutter, rolling it into a roll, which is held together with special plastic clamps.

You can make such a “filter” yourself by rolling the mesh into a tube along the diameter of the drain

Video: an important element of the drainage system - a mesh to protect against large debris

Whatever drainage system is installed on the roof of the house, it needs periodic monitoring and regular preventive cleaning. Even if a mesh is installed on the gutter, it needs to be washed sometimes, since large fragments from the roof get into the drains with a large amount of dust and dirt, and the soaked fallen leaves that fall on the mesh are not always blown away by the wind. If the drain system is clogged, all the water that accumulates in it, along with dirt, will one day end up on the walls of the house.

When starting to install a finished system or make a drain yourself, you need to correctly calculate all the parameters and slopes, make a drawing and, of course, evaluate your strength in completing this work. If you are not sure that it will be done with the proper quality, it is better to seek help from specialists.

The drainage system plays an important role in any type of building. The principle of rainwater drainage is clearer than daylight - it responsible for the redistribution and removal of precipitation, which are presented in a liquid state or have become so.

The objects protected by the drain are the façade, foundation, and roof.

The functioning scheme of a sloping place is based on the location of the funnels (the number is indicated individual characteristics project), which “receive” liquid precipitation and, through appropriate pipes with or without contours, transport water to the place designated for drainage.

When it comes to storm drainage components, one of the first things that comes to mind is the gutter. Of course, the absence of this channel will not call into question the creation, but from year to year, the refusal or abolition of this component in the entire water drainage structure can result in a number of troubles.

Here are the main tasks that a gutter performs:

responsible for the direction of water movement, which flows from the surface of the building;
minimizes water penetration and negative impacts on the foundation;
eliminates the possibility of erosion multicomponent dynamic systems in the area of house location;
significantly reduces the volume of water that penetrates into the basement;
preserves the façade and various decorative and architectural objects in diligent form, counteracting their destruction thanks to the correct and coordinated drainage of precipitation.

To all the above advantages you can add possibility of rainwater collection thanks to the gutter and other elements of the drainage system in special containers that are placed on the final drain.

Rainfall collection is a very pressing issue for houses and cottages with land plots allocated for a vegetable garden, flower beds, etc., since in the warm season, if watering is necessary, you will have the opportunity to rationally use the accumulated precipitation.

Visually, the supply channel resembles a “half” pipe, somewhat open at the top. It is usually installed along the side of the building from corner to corner. There are absolutely no restrictions on the choice of material for the manufacture of this component of a sloping structure, and lead, cast iron, painted steel or aluminum, copper and even wood are used as a kind of raw material.

What is a gutter?

Composition of the drainage system

In addition to the gutter, the rainwater drainage system includes includes the following elements:

the drainpipe provides vertical transportation of atmospheric residues, obtained from a gutter or funnel. Main function element - effective removal water accumulations from the canopy of the house. As a rule, it is presented in the form of a prefabricated structure, but depending on the project, simplified options can be used;
pipe connector, as a rule, is part of the drainpipe or can be an auxiliary part of the supply channel. Its main purpose is expressed in the name itself. To a greater extent the element used to connect main pipes or a composite pipe with a branch(as well as corners). Also used in cases where it is necessary to adjust the length of the drainpipe;
the bracket serves as a support for the aqueduct and fastening directly to the surface of the house. They come in two types. The first of them is called short and its main task is to maintain the necessary parameters for proper drainage. The second type, which is a long holder, is presented as a power structure with the function of forming and regulating the slope of the drainage system;
gutter plug provides water sealing of channel edge, which does not provide for connecting the pipe and corresponding system elements in a given corner of the building;
The clamp performs the function of fixing the drainage riser to maintain the specified direction of fluid movement. Visually it looks like a ring, which, thanks to a pin, is attached to the wall;
drainage funnels collect and direct the accumulated sediments into the composite pipe;
drain acts as a “crossing” between the liquid drain and the place (container) for its removal.

Drainage system design

Also, when installing rainwater drainage, additional components can be used, such as tees (spread pipes), bypasses (bypass “protruding” areas of the building) and special protective walls, preventing various debris, leaves and other foreign objects from entering the riser.

Gutter: dimensions and role of slope

Actually, there are not so many classifications that separate different types this element. Most often, supply channels are distinguished depending on the material of manufacture.

Thus, we should talk about:

. As in any other situation, main reason preference for metal is rigidity and reliability. Thanks to their individual properties, guides can last 30-40 years. Resistant to mechanical stress;
. In this case there are advantages - lightness and resistance to corrosion. But on the other hand, their disadvantages are due to low strength and poor sound insulation;
concrete. They were developed during the construction of high-rise buildings and the installation of sidewalks drainage system. Due to its significant weight, it is not used in “home” construction.. In addition, the stone is not such an effective competitor to water loads in the long term.

NOTE!

The choice in favor of metal gutters should be based on the expected load on the roof and foundation structure. Steel will add significant stress to the outer edges of the walls and rafter system.

Another characteristic by which modern gutters are usually distinguished is their cross-section. Based on this characteristic, channels are divided into rectangular, square and round. Visually, all this can be understood immediately, hence the names in the classification.

As for the features and advisability of using a particular type, then rectangular drainage systems are used in regions where there is a large amount of precipitation. At low humidity parameters, square gutters are fixed, while round ones are generally considered universal.

Gutter slope

The length of the gutter is equal to that of the eaves of the house. Their number is determined for each slope separately. As for the width of the channels, this value depends on the area of the roof. Below are the proportions based on the example of the Profil drainage system instructions.

On the left is the roof area, on the right is the width of the drainage pipe:

one riser at the edge: up to 70 sq. m - 90 mm, 70-140 sq. m - 130 mm;
one riser in the center: up to 110 sq. m - 90 mm, 110-200 sq. m - 130 mm;
two risers at the edges: up to 140 sq. m - 90 mm, 140-220 sq. m - 130 mm

In addition to the dimensions of the structure, pay attention to the slope.

CAREFULLY!

The slope of the depression is very important, since if the position is too flat, part of the liquid will not be transported to the composite pipe, and if the slope is large, the flow of water will be incommensurate with the capabilities of the funnels. The slope of the gutter is 3-5 mm per linear meter.

DIY gutter installation

This procedure can be entrusted to professionals, but since you are already up to date and familiar with the features of this element, it is quite possible to lead this process yourself.

In particular difficult situations, you will need to place an order for parts and for this you will need drawings.

Let's give an example of installing a channel from Murol. All requirements and regulatory data are taken from SNiPs and GOSTs.

First of all, you need to pay attention to the installation of holders.

To do this, you need to determine the diameter of the bracket.

The condition is as follows - this value should be slightly larger than the circumference of the gutter. The interval between hooks is up to 90 cm, but if the structure is metal, then the figure can be increased to 1.2-1.5 m. Also, auxiliary fastenings at the corners will not hurt.

Installation of brackets

At the next stage, we select the slope. The optimal slope of a gutter per 1 meter is approximately 1-2 mm. There is another option - install the gutter brackets in the corners, the second one should be lower. Then take the rope and pull it between the holders.

Thanks to this simple action, you will get a clear line for attaching the remaining brackets.

Some types of roofing may require a greater slope.

After fixing the hooks, we move on to the funnels. Their number depends on the area of the roof (up to 10 meters - 1, then more). In addition, in this matter, pay attention to the angle of the slope.

The roof cut should extend to the center (no further) of the funnel, otherwise the water will simply flow over the edges and a small proportion will be directed to the riser. Plugs will also be useful in the design, which will reduce the likelihood of leakage to a critical minimum.

Bracket installation step

If desired or necessary, it is possible to create special rotating elements. Thanks to these auxiliary parts, the area of the drainage system will be significantly reduced.

In such conditions, tees and elbows are especially useful, as they will ensure the distribution of wastewater and turn it into a coherent and efficient process. And finally, the finishing knee is installed.

Gutter installation

Actually, it’s not quite as simple as it seems. Whether you take on this matter yourself or turn to specialists is up to you, and from our side the necessary assistance has been provided.

Useful video

You can watch the installation of the gutter in the video:

In contact with

There are no small details in construction, even storm water requires careful planning at the project stage. This is caused primarily by functional features drainage system and materials used. Right organized system drainage ensures that moisture does not leak under the roof and damage the integrity of the building.

Functions

Protection of the foundation and walls of the building. Regardless of the type of construction, melt water from roofs can erode the foundation within 5 to 10 years. Flowing down the walls of a building, water can penetrate into the smallest cracks and gradually damage the structure. Getting into the soil near the foundation, rain and melt water washes away and destroys it. A storm drain will help protect the building from this.
Possibility of rainwater collection. Melt and rainwater are often used for watering, especially indoor and greenhouse plants. Although collecting rainwater is not as much of a priority as protecting the building, using it can be a bonus because if the building already has a storm drain, it can be used as a aid watering at least for flower beds and flower beds.
Decorative function is also important. A building without installed drainage systems will not be very attractive from the outside and will create an unfinished appearance. The use of standard commercially available drainage systems is often inconsistent with general exterior buildings, so in this case you can think about self-production or made-to-order products.

Drains and storm systems play an important role in the final finishing of buildings. There are many options for this design; a specialist will help you choose the optimal one, but you can do the simplest and most straightforward one yourself.

What are there

If the roof of the house is gable, there are no problems with drainage. To do this, it will be enough to protect the upper joining part and install the gutter along the edges with a slight slope. Rain and melt water will drain naturally without getting inside and causing any damage to the building.

Most often, problems with proper drainage lie in wait for owners of modern houses with more complex roof structures. Usually this point is planned at the project development stage, but there are cases when a seemingly insignificant nuance was not considered and problems with drainage appeared.

In order to understand clearly how exactly the storm water drainage system is designed, you can understand in detail the types and configurations of gutters. So, in shape there are rectangular, rounded and triangular gutters for draining storm water.

The most popular are semicircular designs. It is believed that in this way the water travels its path faster and the storm drain is less clogged with leaves and dirt than structures with an angular arrangement. Rectangular gutters can be used as drainage grooves in floor coverings. In this case, they are equipped with an additional grille that acts as rain drains. Such precautions are often used for ease of movement (to prevent puddles from accumulating) and for protection floor tiles and asphalt (water does not erode the surface structure).

Triangular gutters are usually homemade designs, but are also found in the purchased assortment. The choice of one configuration or another usually depends on the preferences of the owner and the architectural features of the building. All three options are quite convenient and functional, so there are no special differences between them, except perhaps the visual image.

The video shows gutters for draining stormwater:

What material are they made from?

There are three main types of materials that are most suitable for these purposes. The main selection criterion will be the ability to withstand precipitation and temperature changes. There is also a tendency to choose stormwater systems that match the windows and walls of the building.. This important detail will give a harmonious appearance to the building and will not look like an alien element against its background.

What material is used:

Polymer compounds, usually the common polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Main advantages: light weight and affordable cost. Disadvantages include heating under sun rays, which can lead to deformation and risk of damage due to heavy precipitation, such as hail or the weight of snow. Estimated service life is 50 years. For hot climate zones, white plastic is usually used; in temperate zones, brown is also suitable. There are varieties of green, brick and black colors.
Cink Steel It is distinguished by its large weight and good quality construction, so the fastenings must be appropriate. Homemade gutters are usually made from galvanized steel, but purchased options can also be purchased from this material. The service life will be around 10–15 years, and then with sufficient good care. The annual inspection should include timely removal of dirt and debris. Despite the “stainless” characteristics, galvanized steel is prone to corrosion, so the service life of such gutters is relatively short.
Copper storm systems- the highest quality and most prestigious option. The service life is approximately 100 years, while such systems have a more complex configuration and usually amount to harmonious composition with a roof, which is also made from this material. High strength and performance characteristics They also have their drawbacks, the main one being their significant price. Such a system must also be taken into account when planning the building, since the serious weight of the structure requires additional reinforcement.

It is quite difficult to determine the best manufacturers on the domestic market, because special research has not been conducted in this area. Among the most competitive companies, the following categories can be distinguished:

As you can see, the choice is quite large, so purchasing suitable products is a matter of time and financial investment.

How to properly organize a drainage system

The main nuances that need to be taken into account when purchasing are usually discussed with the contractor, but if you decide to do this work yourself, this information will be very useful to you.

Components of a stormwater system:

Gutter- the main detail, its size depends on the area of the slope; the higher this indicator, the greater the volume of the gutter needed.
Storm drain has the shape of a funnel and serves to connect the gutter and the pipe that directly discharges water.
The pipe usually has the same diameter as the gutter and is designed to drain drainage water away from walls and foundations.
Stubs used in places where a storm drain is not installed and water drainage is not planned, usually this is the highest point of the system.
Angles and swivels designed to create maximum convenient design, allowing to cover the entire perimeter of the building. There are internal and external corners, which may also differ in the degree of rotation.
Fasteners are classified according to the type of connection and usually come complete with gutters.

When planning the system, you should also take into account the optimal fastening spacing: too frequent will look ridiculous and create disharmony (not to mention material costs). If you fasten the gutters quite long distance from each other, there is a high risk of the gutter breaking under the mass of flowing water.

The optimal sizes, established experimentally, are:

The gutter must be secured every 600 mm.
Pipe at least every 1 meter.
The minimum slope of the gutter is 2–3 mm per meter of length.

Before going to the store, don’t be too lazy to draw up an approximate plan for the location of the stormwater system. This way, you can clearly calculate all the necessary elements and avoid unnecessary expenses or design mistakes.

The video shows the correct installation of gutters for drainage of storm water:

If you plan to install the gutter overlapping in the direction of water flow, you need to take into account the additional length when purchasing. Often, sealants are used to additionally seal joints. Best used special compounds, designed for street use and weather conditions. It should be borne in mind that the annual inspection in such cases will include monitoring the condition of the seams and, if necessary, local correction.

Purchased gutters and components

Despite the availability of a homemade option, most owners of private houses still prefer to turn to specialized products for help. Purchasing such products is usually not difficult; the assortment of any hardware store or website will offer several options to choose from. Enjoy great success plastic gutters, which are not only durable and easy to install, but also lightweight, which significantly reduces the load on the roof and building.

Many construction companies offer their services for the design and installation of stormwater systems. If the roof configuration is quite complex, and you do not have enough experience in such work, it is best to trust the professionals. Otherwise, it is quite possible to carry out this work independently, and ideally with at least one assistant.

A storm drainage system is not vital, but construction cannot be done without it. Not only does a well-designed drain add a finished look and visual appeal to a building, but it also helps protect the foundation from washout and the walls and roof from leaks. Usage modern materials will help solve the problem of rain and melt water quickly and optimally.

Usually storm system goes through the design stage along with everything architectural project, but for self-design it is not particularly difficult. Modern manufacturers present a wide range of these products, which can also be easily purchased at any construction supermarket or on the appropriate website.