Poly propylene pipes(PP) are considered by experts today to be the best pipe products. They have good technical and performance characteristics and differ in their purpose, color, quality and scope of application. They are used for laying both indoor and outdoor utilities.
Marking of polypropylene pipes
When choosing polypropylene products, attention is first paid to the markings applied to them. This is explained by the fact that the technical characteristics of different modifications may differ markedly. For example, not every polypropylene pipe is suitable for systems operating at high temperatures and high pressure.
The current classification of polypropylene products involves their division into 4 groups. These types of polypropylene pipes are marked with two Latin letters PN and two numbers, which make up a number indicating the amount of pressure for which the PP pipes are designed.
Let's figure out what pressure polypropylene pipes can withstand, and what characteristics different groups of material have.
These values are applied to the surface of the product:
- PN10. If the system is constructed from products of this group, then it is capable of withstanding pressure not exceeding 10 atmospheres. In this case, the maximum temperature of the working environment cannot be above 45 degrees Celsius. Using pipes of this type, communications are installed that can transport exclusively cold liquids. Since this pipe product has thin walls, it is not widely used in the construction of internal water supply systems.
- PN16. The presence of such symbols means that polypropylene pipes can withstand pressure of no more than 16 atmospheres and can carry liquid whose temperature does not reach 60 degrees. These products are used for laying cold pipelines. Products of the PN16 group have a high rate of deformation under the influence of high temperature, which is unacceptable when creating pressure pipelines providing hot water or heat supply.
- PN20. As evidenced by this marking, pipe products can withstand pressure of about 20 atmospheres (read also: " "). Hot water at a temperature of up to 95 degrees can move through it. The technical parameters of polypropylene pipes of this group allow them to be used in supply systems hot water. Currently, they are practically not used due to the occurrence of significant deformation in pressure-type heating structures. When moving along such a PP pipe under high pressure liquid, which has a maximum permissible temperature, the product begins to lead and bend.
- PN25. Pipes made of polypropylene with this marking are full-fledged products for laying heating systems. They can hold a pressure of 25 atmospheres without any problems. In their production, composite material is used together with reinforcing inserts made of nylon fiber or aluminum foil. A layer of them reduces temperature deformation and increases the strength of pipes. PP products marked PN25 are widely used in pressure pipelines. Heat loss in them is 2 times less compared to other types of pipes.
Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene products
It is the properties of polypropylene pipes that make them in demand among developers of both multi-storey buildings and small country houses.
Among positive features Products made of polypropylene should be noted:
- Long service life of approximately 50 years. When pipes are used in cold water supply systems, according to manufacturers, they can be used for up to 100 years.
- Solid deposits do not accumulate on the inner surface of the product, since special processing technology is used at the production stage.
- No condensation and frost resistance due to low thermal conductivity.
- Low weight of polypropylene pipe, which is 9 times less than that of metal products.
- Easy installation and transportation.
- Anti-corrosion resistance.
- No additional maintenance required.
- Resistance to aggressive chemical environments.
- Elasticity.
- Inexpensive cost. You can purchase pipes of different price categories.
In addition to the advantages, polypropylene pipes have disadvantages:
- High degree of linear expansion. If PP products are not reinforced, during installation you need to use a compensator for polypropylene pipes.
- Insufficient heat resistance. Regardless of the choice of type of pipes, it is necessary to insulate them, especially when installing heat supply systems.
- To change the direction of pipe laying, the use of special fittings will be required.
- Poor resistance to direct sunlight. Its negative impact can cause aging of the material and thereby shorten the service life of polypropylene products.
Since the degree of linear expansion is quite high, when installing the pipeline, PP pipes should not be allowed to sag - for this, the mounting points on the wall should be located at small intervals.
The process of selecting polypropylene pipes
In order to select these products without error, you should consider four important points in addition to product labeling, which was described above:
- Maximum permissible temperature . It was previously said that for heating systems the best choice would be products bearing the symbols PN25, for hot water supply - PN20 and for supply structures cold water- PN16.
- Diameter. The cross-section is selected taking into account the technical parameters that the pipeline must have. Optimal choice For wiring in apartments, pipes are considered to have this parameter of 20 or 25 millimeters, for arranging drains - 32 or 40 millimeters. PP pipe large diameter with thick walls are used for laying main pipelines that are located in basements multi-apartment buildings.
- Maximum permissible pressure value. If we are talking about household use, then all pipes will fit, including PN10 products. Their service life is directly related to the pressure in the line and the temperature of the working environment. For example, if the liquid temperature remains at 95 degrees for a long time, when constant pressure the product will last no more than 5 years, and if the water temperature is about 20 degrees and the pressure is 10 atmospheres - almost 50 years.
- Thermal expansion coefficient. Polypropylene products are distinguished by their ability to change their geometry when transporting high-temperature water. These changes relate to the thickness of the pipe walls, and this is very critical for the throughput of pipelines.
Experts do not recommend laying products marked PN20 using the closed method, since as a result of their deformation, cracks will appear in the plaster layer. As for the use of PN25 products, they can be installed in both ways - open and closed.
Open option will not deteriorate the interior of the room, since the reinforced PP pipe holds its shape well and does not need to be bent. Thus, the method of laying a hot water supply system depends on the coefficient of linear expansion of polypropylene pipe products.
Range of polypropylene pipes
On the global market, PP pipes are presented in the following range.
PPH - type 1. These polypropylene products are considered the simplest of the entire range of products manufactured modern industry. Their scope of application is the laying of cold water supply structures, ventilation systems, industrial pipelines.
PPB - type 2. This type of rolled polypropylene pipe is made from a complex block copolymer. Such products are used in the construction of pressure systems for supplying cold liquids and heat supply. These products are also used in the production of high-strength impact connecting elements.
PPR – type 3. The technical characteristics of PPR pipe are based on the fact that random copolymer is used for its production. Its introduction into industrial production had global significance. Initially, it had the abbreviation PPRC - polypropylene random copolymer, later it was shortened to PPR (read: " "). From products belonging to this type, cold and hot water supply systems are laid. It is these products that are used to create a warm water floor.
This molecular structure provided the following characteristics of the PPR pipe:
- highest strength and heat resistance compared to other types of polypropylene;
- chemical resistance to various acids and alkalis;
- unlike PPH and PPB products, this material is able to withstand the temperature of the working environment for a short time up to 140 degrees and continuously up to almost 90 degrees;
- frost resistance - products completely restore their shape after exposure to negative temperatures.
The technical characteristics of polypropylene PPRC pipes have made them an alternative to galvanized metal products. Among them there are products that are reinforced with aluminum or fiberglass.
PPs - type 4. The raw material for the production of these products is a highly flammable, highly durable polymer. The maximum permissible temperature of the working medium of these PP pipes is 95 degrees. Experts consider them the best option for non-reinforced single-layer products for heating systems.
Color of polypropylene pipes
Polypropylene pipe products are produced in four colors.
Descriptions of polypropylene pipes of different colors will help you make the best choice:
- White PP products. They are used in the construction of water supply systems. They are easily installed by welding, so the work can be completed in the shortest possible time. White propylene pipes are not recommended for use outdoors and at low temperatures. Products should be transported with extreme caution, since any physical or mechanical impact on them can cause damage. PP pipe has many advantages: long service life, ability to withstand pressure of 25 bar, corrosion resistance, affordable cost.
- Gray pipes. These polypropylene products are often used when laying water pipes for both individual and centralized heating systems. Their main technical characteristics: thermal and chemical resistance, long-term operation, environmental friendliness, tightness, etc. They are securely connected using a soldering iron.
- Black PP pipes. Experts recommend using them when arranging sewer communications and drainage structures. In the production of these products, special additives are used that improve them technical specifications. Black pipes have a number of advantages: resistance to UV radiation, various aggressive environments and drying out; high strength.
- Green polypropylene products. Pipes of this color are chosen for installing irrigation systems and watering of the garden area. They are inexpensive and therefore owners of summer houses and gardens prefer not to pay attention to their low strength characteristics. Green PP pipes do not respond well to physical stress, including system pressure. After installation, during operation, it is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of communications, since the risk of pipe bursting is quite high.
Corrugated polypropylene pipes
This type of pipe products is used to create utilities for water drainage and sewerage, as well as structures for the disposal of atmospheric precipitation and groundwater. The maximum permissible temperature of the liquid that moves through corrugated PP pipes is + 60 degrees for permanent drains, and no more than 100 degrees for short-term drains.
Pipelines that are built using corrugated products are installed in open trenches and using the trenchless installation method. Transitions are arranged using reinforced concrete wells. No additional equipment or special equipment is required for laying large-diameter corrugated pipes.
Now industrial enterprises The production of two-layer corrugated pipe products made of polypropylene has been mastered.
Their positive qualities are:
- long service life;
- good throughput;
- resistance to corrosion and aggressive chemical compounds;
- increased ring rigidity;
- the presence of dielectric properties that provide resistance to the effects of stray currents;
- resistance to hydroabrasive wear.
Among the disadvantages is susceptibility to accelerated aging.
Welding technology for polypropylene pipelines
During the installation of a system of pipes made of polypropylene, the thermal polyfusion method is used - the parts to be welded are heated and quickly connected using a soldering iron.
Some manufacturing companies equip the welding tool with two rather than one heating element. In this case, the power becomes sufficient to heat pipe sections of different diameters without any problems.
But this advantage can at the same time become a disadvantage. Heating with two elements at once can overheat the plastic and overload the power supply network. For this reason, the second heater should only be used as a backup when the first one fails.
The duration of the heating phase depends on a number of factors:
- diameter of pipe products;
- temperature environment, which should not deviate from the norm;
- welding belt size.
After heating, polypropylene retains its plasticity for a short period of time. In a matter of seconds, you need to fix the connection, preventing distortions from occurring. Optimal temperature for heating is + 260 degrees.
To ensure a reliable and durable connection, polypropylene must be heated strongly, but excessive heating can lead to the product losing its shape. Therefore, the time during which welding is performed should be kept under control.
Depending on the cross-section of the PP pipes, it should be:
- with a diameter of 20 millimeters – 8-9 seconds;
- when welding products with a diameter of 25 millimeters – 9-10 seconds;
- when connecting parts with a diameter of 32 millimeters – 10-12 seconds.
It is not enough to heat and connect polypropylene pipes; they must also be cooled properly. The fixation period should last as long as the heating phase. If execution this process As a result of the rush to complete earlier, the connection will be subject to deformation.
The technology for welding PP pipes is a difficult job. Great importance has not only a violation of the heating time, but also non-compliance with the soldering rules.
The main nuances of the process are as follows:
- During work welding machine must be kept on at all times.
- Markings should be applied to the surface of the pipes to ensure the required depth of welding seams.
- The parts to be joined must be heated at the same time.
Most developers, having become familiar with the advantages of polypropylene pipe products, choose these products. The funds spent on purchasing PP pipes will certainly pay off over time.
And the high performance characteristics of polypropylene pipelines in water supply and heating systems are only top part iceberg For the correct operation of installed communications, it is not enough to choose the type of polymer pipe and buy the material in the required quantity - preliminary design sketches are required, and for large objects - serious thermal and hydraulic calculations. For the heating system to be effective, polypropylene heating pipes must have a diameter confirmed by these calculations.
Let us consider in more detail the importance of the diameter of polypropylene pipes when installing pipelines.
Pipe material for communications. What are the influence of pipe parameters?
Questions about what the water supply system should look like and what diameter of the pipes should be in the main supply line that supplies heat are resolved at the stage of designing life support systems in the house. As a result, the diameter of polypropylene pipes for water supply can often differ from the identical size of the heating system pipeline, since these communications have different purposes and therefore are exposed to various factors.
On a note: If in the heating system pipeline the boiler water supply speed is less than 0.2 m/s, then there is a high probability of airing of the line, and exceeding the supply speed by 0.2 m/s will lead to increased costs - the costs of equipment subjected to heavy loads will increase.
The use of polypropylene products has significantly simplified the work of equipping residential buildings with water heating and water supply systems. However, you need to know exactly what type of polymer pipe material is suitable in a particular case. The types of polypropylene pipes that exist today have different technical characteristics and are designed for a specific area of use.
The most reliable products for installing water heating pipelines and hot water supply systems (DHW) are PN25 or PN30 products. It is these brands that can withstand pressures of up to 25 and 30 atm. accordingly, at an operating coolant temperature of 95 0 C. Even short-term operation of such pipes is allowed at a water temperature of 120 0 C, since distinctive feature These products are thick-walled.
Samples of polypropylene pipes reinforced with aluminum.
For cold water supply, polypropylene pipes with a uniform wall are used. For DHW systems and heating circuits, reinforced products are used, since the inclusion of an aluminum shell in the wall structure of a polypropylene pipe significantly increases the strength of the pipe material and reduces the amount of thermal expansion.
For reference: thermal expansion is 0.03 mm/m 0 C, while for channels with a wall made of homogeneous polypropylene this value is about 0.15 mm/m 0 C. Based on this, homogeneous products are suitable for cold water supply, and for systems For heating and hot water supply, only reinforced polypropylene is used.
What diameters are polypropylene pipe materials produced?
When choosing components for a heating and water supply system, the decisive factors are the temperature of the liquid, its flow rate and pressure. The required cross-sectional area of the water supply system is determined by calculations made in accordance with the scope of application and operating conditions of the equipment.
Based on the configuration of the pipe cross-section (round ring), it geometric parameters determined by outer and inner diameters. The current classification of polypropylene pipes clearly defines the typical dimensions of each type of pipe products used for installation.
Today, both domestic and foreign manufacturing companies produce components for pipelines in standard versions. Taking into account practical application, standard engineering solutions have been developed that make it possible to determine the optimal passage in products for home heating and other water communications. Based on the table data, you can make right choice equipment and components of the heating main, without resorting to hydraulic calculations.
As a rule, the marking contains one of the following outer diameter values:
16, 20,25, 32 and 40 mm,
which correspond to the internal diameters of polypropylene pipes grade PN25:
10.6; 13.2; 16.6; 21.2; 26.6 mm.
For ease of use, the correspondence of diameters and wall thicknesses of polypropylene pipes used in heating and water supply systems are summarized in the table:
Table with data on the diameters and wall thickness of polypropylene pipes used in everyday life A reasonable question. Why are external parameters marked on finished products if the size of the internal passage of the pipeline is so important for functionality? The thing is that the outer diameter indicates the appropriate type of connection.
Potential for using polypropylene pipes of various outer diameters at a coolant flow rate in the pipeline of 0.7 m/sec:
- a pipe with a diameter of 16 mm is designed to connect one or two heating radiators;
- a value of 20 mm corresponds to connecting up to 5 radiators with a total power of up to 7000 watts);
- for a larger number of radiators (total power up to 11 kW), propylene polymer pipes with an outer diameter of 25 mm are used;
- polypropylene pipe material with an outer size of 32 mm is designed to equip a whole house or one floor with a heating system of 10-12 kW of total power (maximum 19 kW);
- products with a diameter of 40 mm are used for laying main pipelines in large residential areas. Usually these are cottages and country houses, in which the number of heating devices reaches 20 pieces, and the total power of all connection points is approximately 30 kilowatts.
The influence of pipe diameter on the performance characteristics of the heating system
The rate of coolant supply and the volume of transferred thermal energy directly depends on the internal cross-section of polypropylene pipelines. To make this statement clearer, the dependence of the provision of thermal energy on the intensity of coolant supply and the values of pipeline diameters is summarized in the table:
Table for selecting polypropylene pipe material depending on the intensity of coolant supply and the need for thermal energy Thermal power indicated in W, coolant supply intensity in kg/sec. The calculated data are based on average temperatures: supply coolant at 80 0 C, return at 60 0 C, air in the room +20 0 C.
For example: at a flow speed of 0.4 m/s the following amount of thermal energy will be transferred in the pipeline:
- for a line with an outer size of 20 (internal cross-section 13.2 mm) the amount of heat is 4.1 kW;
- for propylene products Ø 25 and 16.6, respectively, the amount of heat will be 6.3 kW;
- propylene pipelines with outer and inner diameters of 32 and 21.2, respectively, have a thermal energy supply of 11.5 kW;
- pipe materials of 40 millimeters (internal clearance size 26.6 mm) will provide a heat supply of 17 kW.
When the fluid flow rate increases to 0.7 m/sec, the coolant supply intensity will immediately increase by 70-80%.
Important! The practical purpose of the above table is to recommend, based on the required amount of thermal energy, the required pipe diameter when selecting pipe materials for a residential heating system.
Let's look at an illustrative example:
There is a standard house with a useful area of 250 m2. The building is sufficiently insulated and to create normal living conditions it needs heating at the rate of 1 kW per 10 sq. m. m, that is, to create comfortable temperature 25,000 watts of thermal energy (maximum) will be enough in the house.
On a note: the first floor always requires more heat - approximately 2/3 of the total amount consumed.
Thus, out of 25 kW, heating the first floor will require 15 kW, the second - 10 kW.
The house is equipped autonomous system heating based on a double-circuit boiler. The radiators installed in the rooms are connected in parallel. The house has wiring for two wings, with equal thermal power. On the ground floor, the power for each wing is 7500 watts. For the second floor, both wings require 5000 watts.
Two-storey house with a water heating system based on an autonomous boiler - cross-section The boiler produces 25 kilowatts of thermal energy to heat the house. This means that for the heating main you need to use polypropylene pipes and fittings with an internal diameter of 26.6 mm (at a feed speed of 0.6 m/s). This value corresponds to an outer pipe diameter of 40 millimeters.
To supply the branches on the first floor, 1500 watts of heat will be required. Using the data from the table, we get the following:
- at a flow speed of 0.6 m/sec optimal diameter the internal clearance of polypropylene pipes will be 21.2 mm - the identical external parameter corresponding to this value, according to the table, is 30 mm;
- For each wing, a pipe material with an internal diameter of 16.6 mm is suitable, which corresponds to a Ø 25 mm external contour of the cross-section of polypropylene pipes.
Now let's look at the procedure for connecting heating devices.
Water heating radiators have an average power of 2 kilowatts, so theoretically, pipes with a minimum outer diameter of 16 mm (PN16) are suitable for inserting them into the circuit. However, in practice, it is recommended to use polypropylene products with an internal section size of 13.2 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm (PN20), since the use of PN16 polymer pipes is considered inappropriate due to low manufacturability.
The second floor is equipped with a pipeline with a cross-section of 32 mm. For each wing, pipes and connecting fittings Ø25 mm are used. The situation with radiators is the same as on the first floor - the batteries are connected using PN20 pipes.
Conclusion
Based on the above example, for each section of the pipeline in the heating system, you can select components of the required diameter - the efficiency of the heating equipment will also depend on this.
It should be remembered that the materials for the pipeline in the heating system are selected to comply with the maximum technical characteristics of an autonomous boiler, despite the fact that in most cases the unit will operate as normal - in accordance with the specified operating parameters.
This article will present polypropylene pipes for water supply with a description of their main properties, types and applications. Along with metal-plastic pipes, or a heating system made of polypropylene pipes, even a person without professional training can install it. Enough to get minimum required knowledge so that the quality and appearance of pipelines in your home, bathhouse or other individual buildings meet the highest requirements.
Properties of polypropylene pipes for water supply
Recently, the installation of polypropylene water pipes has become widespread in the construction of individual houses. This is explained by the availability and low price of all components, simplicity and reliability of installation, long service life (over 50 years), absence of corrosion and build-up, attractive appearance, the possibility of use in heating systems, hot, cold and drinking water supply.
Depending on the modification of polypropylene, three types of pipes are produced:
- Made of homopolymer – PP-H (according to the European classification), corresponds to PP-G and PP type 1 according to the Russian classification;
- From block copolymer – PP-8 (PP-B and PP type 2);
- Made from random copolymer – PP-R (PP-R and PP type 3).
According to GOST R 52134 -2003, which regulates the use of thermoplastic pipes, all three of the above types of polypropylene can be used in the production of pipes for water supply and heating. Standards from countries such as Germany, Great Britain and the USA also allow their use for pipelines, taking into account all sanitary and hygienic requirements.
In accordance with the purpose of the water supply system, the following classes of polypropylene pipes are produced:
Pipe class | Operating temperature max, ˚C | Application |
| To supply cold water | ||
| Hot water supply | ||
| Hot water supply | ||
| Low temperature heated floors | ||
| High temperature heated floors, low temperature radiator heating | ||
| High temperature radiator heating |
According to their structure, polypropylene pipes are produced either from solid material or reinforced with aluminum or fiberglass. Pipes made of solid polypropylene are used only in hot and cold water supply systems, and water supply from, and reinforced ones can be used in all systems, including radiator heating.
Compared to solid pipes, reinforced pipes have significantly lower thermal elongation. Yes, for fiberglass reinforced pipes it is two times smaller, and aluminum – four times. The perforated aluminum layer reliably protects against harmful diffuse penetration of oxygen through the pipe walls into the coolant or water. These factors are especially important for closed-type heating with long pipelines, when the amount of oxygen in the water can reach such a value that it will harm plumbing equipment.
As a rule, the pipe marking should contain the internal stress value in MPa (1 MPa≈10 kg/cm²). For example, PP-R 63, where the number “63” means an internal stress of 6.3 MPa in the pipe at 20 ˚C, at which the manufacturer guarantees that it will not collapse for at least 50 years. This property of polypropylene pipe is called minimum long-term strength and is designated as MRS (Minimum Required Strength). The higher this indicator, the stronger the pipe. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account that an incorrectly selected pipe may not withstand the guaranteed service life.
In addition, polypropylene pipes can be divided into the following categories:
Working pressure, MPa | Application area |
|
| Cold water supply up to +20 ˚C, heated floors up to +45 ˚C | ||
| Cold water supply with high pressure, hot water supply up to +60 ˚C | ||
| Suitable for cold and hot water up to + 80 ˚C | ||
| Reinforced aluminum pipe for hot water and heating at a temperature of +95 ˚C |
The color of polypropylene pipes does not indicate their technical characteristics and scope of application. Depending on the manufacturer, it may be like this:
- Gray;
- White;
- Greens;
- Black;
- With a red stripe.
Selection and use of polypropylene pipes for water supply
The scope of application of polypropylene pipes in individual houses, bathhouses and outbuildings is extensive - from hot water to the installation of radiator and floor heating systems. With their help, you can connect to pipelines made of various materials: steel, copper and metal-plastic. Their long service life allows them to be installed with confidence in both open and closed systems.
How to choose the right polypropylene pipes
However, it is important to make the right choice from the extensive range of pipes offered by many manufacturers. Here are a few criteria to follow when purchasing them:
- Pipes must comply with the parameters of the plumbing or heating systems;
- For high-quality assembly of pipelines, all components must be from one manufacturer. Only then can we talk about the reliability and durability of the installed water distribution system;
- When purchasing, be sure to evaluate the quality of pipes and fittings:
- smoothness of the internal and external surfaces;
- the presence of cracks, chips, bubbles, heterogeneity of structure, foreign inclusions;
- right geometric shape along the outer and inner diameter of the pipe;
- absence different thicknesses walls.
- Considering that polypropylene pipes can withstand temperatures of no more than minus 20 ˚C, you should ask the seller about the conditions for their storage in the winter season. Improper storage can lead to irreversible processes in the pipe material and, as a result, to defects in the work done.
- If filing is envisaged drinking water, then it would be useful to familiarize yourself with the quality certificate for the pipe’s compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
- To avoid additional difficulties during installation work, choose only straight pipes. In stores they are often stored in a vertical position, which leads to bending, sometimes quite significant.
- Buy pipes only from famous manufacturers, have proven themselves with the best side and providing certificates of compliance with the declared quality. For example, domestic “Sinicon”, “FD Plast”, “Valtec” and “Ikaplast” or foreign “Ostendorf”, “Valsir”, “Firat”.
Range of polypropylene pipes, mm
Note:
PN25 pipe is made with a reinforcing aluminum layer, which can be a simple or perforated layer with through holes. The perforated layer ensures a reliable connection of all layers without the use of glue. The aluminum layer can be located either offset to the outer surface of the pipe, or symmetrically relative to the inner and outer surfaces. This only affects the pipeline assembly process, which will be discussed in the corresponding article.
What VALTEC offers:
Which is better – polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes
And in conclusion, a few words in favor of choosing exactly polypropylene pipes for all pipeline systems.
Polypropylene pipes, widely used for installation of heating systems, cold and hot water supply, as well as others engineering systems, are represented by a fairly wide range. Different types of products have different characteristics and scope of application. Therefore, when choosing pipe products, it is important to understand which polypropylene pipe is best suited for certain purposes.
Features of marking polypropylene pipes
In order to correctly select the types and characteristics of PP pipes, you need to pay attention to their markings. First of all, you need to pay attention to the designations that characterize operating pressure and temperature of pipe products. The standardization system in force today classifies polypropylene pipes into 4 groups:
- PN10 - polypropylene pipes designed for a working pressure of 10 atmospheres and operating temperature up to +45 °C. Such products have thin walls and can only be used to transport cold liquids;
- PN16 - PP pipes, designed for operating pressure up to 16 atmospheres and operating temperature up to +60 °C. Not intended for hot water supply and heating systems;
- PN20 - polypropylene pipes designed for operating pressure up to 20 atmospheres and operating temperature up to 95 °C. They can be used in heating and hot water supply systems, however, due to significant temperature deformation, their use in these systems is limited;
- PN25 - polypropylene pipes designed for operating pressure up to 25 atmospheres and operating temperature up to 95 °C. Polypropylene pipes PN 25 are available in reinforced versions. A layer of aluminum foil or fiberglass serves as a reinforcing element. The use of an additional reinforcing layer significantly increases the strength characteristics and reduces thermal deformation. Thanks to this, reinforced pipes for heating and hot water supply are optimally suited.
Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene pipes
When installing heating systems, the question often arises which pipes are better: polypropylene, metal-plastic or metal. To decide on this issue, it is important to take into account all the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the characteristics of polypropylene pipes.
The main advantages of reinforced polypropylene pipes are their following features:
It is also necessary to consider the disadvantages characteristic of pipes made of this material. The main disadvantage for heating systems is, of course, the high value of the linear expansion coefficient. This can lead to deformation of the pipelines and their release from the fastenings, which is often accompanied by depressurization at the joints and causes leaks. In this regard, it is recommended to use reinforced PP pipes, whose coefficient of thermal expansion is significantly lower. However, reinforcement does not completely eliminate temperature deformation, so the installation technology involves installing fastening points and compensators at certain intervals.
Another disadvantage is that polypropylene pipes are not subject to deformation during installation. Therefore, special fittings must be used to make turns. In addition, when performing installation work and placing pipelines, it is important to take into account the negative effects of solar radiation, which can cause accelerated aging of the material.
In general, we can say that the ratio of advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene pipes determines their high efficiency when used as part of heating systems, as well as in other utility networks.
Features of choosing polypropylene pipes
When choosing polypropylene pipes, four main parameters must be taken into account:
- maximum operating temperature;
- maximum working pressure;
- diameter;
- linear expansion coefficient.
The values of these parameters must be correlated with the purpose and operating conditions of the pipelines being installed.
The maximum operating temperature determines the possibility of using pipes of a certain brand to complete engineering systems for a specific purpose. Thus, pipes PN10 and PN16 can only be used for transporting cold water. PN20 products can be used for hot water supply systems, while PN25 pipes are best suited for heating.
For domestic systems, pipes with almost any operating pressure can be used. However, the value of this parameter, especially in combination with temperature, directly determines the service life of the products. That is why, for operation as part of a heating system, it is necessary to select pipes designed for the highest operating pressure.
The diameter of the polypropylene pipe determines its throughput, which makes it possible to use in certain conditions. For example, a 32 mm or 40 mm polypropylene pipe is used for installing risers. Internal wiring is used using a 20 mm polypropylene pipe. 25 mm polypropylene pipes can also be used for the same purpose.
The linear expansion coefficient is important parameter, which determines the degree of change in the geometry of the product under the influence of high temperature. Depending on this coefficient, the possibility of using pipes for heating or hot water supply, as well as the method of their installation, is determined. Thus, PN20 pipes have a higher coefficient of linear expansion, so they are not allowed to be laid in a closed way. Deformation of the pipe when heated can lead to destruction of the plaster. At open method gaskets require more frequent installation of fasteners and expansion joints. PN25 have a much lower coefficient of linear expansion, which allows them to be installed both inside and outside walls.
Range of polypropylene pipes
Depending on the composition of the material, the following types of polypropylene pipes are distinguished:
- PPH is a hard plastic polypropylene homopolymer. It is characterized by poor resistance to high temperatures, therefore it is used exclusively in cold water networks, in ventilation and air conditioning systems;
- PPB is a complex block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene. It is highly elastic and has sufficient temperature resistance. Thanks to this, PPB pipes can be used for installing heated floors. They are also used in water supply networks, ventilation systems, industrial pipelines;
- PPR (PPCR) is a random copolymer of polypropylene, the molecular chain of which contains ethylene molecules. Pipes made of this material can be used as part of hot water supply and heating systems at a maximum coolant temperature of up to 70 °C.
- PPs. Fire-resistant polypropylene homopolymer. The most suitable material for the production of heating system pipes. Withstands operating temperatures up to 95 °C.
Color of polypropylene pipes
Polypropylene pipes can be produced in four color options: white, gray, black, green. The color depends on the composition and properties of the pipe products, which determines the scope of its application.
White and gray pipes are widely used for the installation of almost all utilities, including heating and water supply systems. Restrictions on the use of pipes white is their low frost resistance, which does not allow their use in outdoor conditions.
As for gray pipes, they have the following advantages:
- ability to withstand significant working pressure;
- high chemical and temperature resistance;
- significant durability;
- easy installation by soldering.
Black polypropylene pipes are used for installation of sewerage systems and drainage systems. Thanks to the use of special additives, they have the following features:
- high resistance to aggressive substances;
- increased strength characteristics;
- UV resistance;
- long service life.
Green pipes are the cheapest type of product. They are used in private homes and cottages for irrigation systems.
Corrugated polypropylene pipes
A special type is corrugated polypropylene pipes. They are used to create sewerage, drainage, storm sewer, drainage. Modern products This type is designed to receive Wastewater with temperatures up to 60 °C, and with short-term exposure - up to 100 °C.
Today, two-layer corrugated polypropylene pipes are produced. They have the following advantages:
- high chemical resistance;
- increased level ring stiffness;
- excellent dielectric properties;
- maintaining high throughput throughout the entire service life;
- high resistance to abrasive wear;
- long service life.
Features of installation of polypropylene pipes
Installation of polypropylene pipes is carried out using the thermal polyfusion method. Its essence is to heat the parts to be connected using a special soldering iron to a temperature of about 260 ° C, after which they are quickly connected.
When soldering polypropylene pipes, it is very important to observe technological requirements by heating time, which depends on the following factors:
- diameter of connected pipes;
- ambient temperature;
- welding belt width.
Heating provides the necessary plasticity of the material, which is maintained for several seconds. Therefore, it is very important to quickly fix the connection node, while ensuring correct location mating parts. It is also important to avoid excessive heat, which can cause the pipes to warp.
Optimal time heating when welding polypropylene pipes of different diameters:
- with a diameter of 20 mm: 8-9 seconds;
- with a diameter of 25 mm: 9-10 seconds;
- with a diameter of 32 mm: 10-12 seconds.
The same time is required to fix the connection. If this requirement is violated, deformation of the connection may occur, which will lead to its depressurization.
Sale of polypropylene pipes
The Lammin brand sells polypropylene pipes and fittings from the manufacturer in bulk. With us you have the opportunity to order a wide range of products of excellent quality, perfectly adapted for durable and reliable operation in heating systems. At the same time, we have favorable prices for.
Plastic pipes have long been an excellent alternative metal products. This popularity is due to its strength and durability. polymer materials. In addition, polypropylene pipes have a composite structure, which allows the material to withstand high temperatures and pressure (without deformation), not be subject to corrosion, and not react to aggressive components.
In addition, the installation of such pipelines is much simpler: the plastic is easily processed and heat welded. In this article we will look at the key parameters that will be useful as home handyman as well as a professional plumber.
Scope of application of pipes made of polymer material
Considering that polypropylene pipes are able to function in almost any conditions, the products have a wide range of applications. In particular:
Hot and cold water supply in multi-storey and private buildings.
Sewerage.
Installation of a “warm floor” system in the house.
Disposal of groundwater and wastewater.
Creation of drainage, irrigation and reclamation systems.
Ventilation.
Pneumatic systems.
Pipelines for transporting chemically active substances.
It should be noted that depending on the application, different types of pipes are used. Subject to operating conditions, these products can last about 50 years old without loss of functionality.
Physico-mechanical characteristics
Melting point: +149C (GOST 21553).
Density: 0.9 g/cu.m. cm (GOST 15139).
Yield strength (tension): from 24 to 25 N/kV. mm (GOST 11262).
Tensile strength: from 34 to 35 N/kV. mm (GOST 11262).
Elongation at yield point: 50%.
Expansion coefficient: 0.15 mm/mmS (GOST 15173).
Thermal conductivity (at +20C): 0.24 W/mS (DIN 52612).
Specific heat capacity (+20C): 2 kJ/kgC (GOST 23630).
Advantages and disadvantages of plastic pipes
Polypropylene has a number undeniable advantages in front of metal pipelines. TO strengths The material includes the following points:
Long lifetime. Manufacturers assure that pipes used in cold water supply can last at least 100 years.
Low weight. Polypropylene - lightweight material. If we compare products of similar length and diameter made of plastic and metal, the former will be approximately lighter 9 times.
Easy installation. A person who does not have special skills and knowledge can handle the installation of such a water supply system.
Elevated sound insulation level. Pipes in residential buildings do not allow noise to pass through.
Corrosion resistance. The inner surface of the pipe is processed using a special technology, which eliminates the appearance of solid formations that reduce the throughput of the pipeline.
In addition, one can note high resistance to low temperatures and dynamic loads. Such pipes do not require special maintenance, are implemented in an affordable price segment.
The material also has some disadvantages. In particular:
There remains a high probability of linear expansion, which requires installation special compensators.
Accelerated aging of the material under the influence of direct sun rays .
Low temperature resistance, which implies the mandatory use of insulation.
In addition, wall mounting pipelines are not allowed to sag, so the number of fastening elements increases significantly.
Symbols - markings
By marking polypropylene pipes you can find out about the raw materials used for production and technical features material. The symbols given above indicate the ability of pipes to withstand a certain pressure inside the pipeline.
Now consider the markings, which indicate some properties of the material. In the construction market, you can find pipes of the following categories:
PPB- products with high resistance to mechanical damage and water hammer, used in “warm floor” and cold water supply systems.
P.P.H.- large diameter pipes, which are usually used when installing ventilation systems.
PPR - universal products, equally effective in hot and cold water supply.
Regardless of the marking, polypropylene pipes are made of plastic. However, manufacturers usually add active additives to the raw materials that increase the elasticity and heat resistance of the material.
Types and classification
There are 4 classification groups, which are divided according to operating pressure parameters. It looks like this:
PN 10. Used to transport liquids at low temperatures - up to +45 degrees.
PN 16. Suitable for arranging a gas or liquid transport system, provided that the coolant temperature does not exceed +60 degrees.
PN 20. Widely used pipes that can withstand temperatures up to +95 degrees.
PN 25. Products for supplying hot water and steam, with coolant temperatures up to +100 degrees.
The numerical designation of each group indicates the pressure value in atmospheres inside the line. Design pressure depending on service life and temperature:
| Temperature (°C) | Service life (years) | Pipe type | |||
| PN 10 | PN 16 | PN 20 | PN 25 | ||
| Permissible excess pressure, kgf/cm2 | |||||
| 20 | 10 | 13,5 | 21,7 | 21,7 | 33,9 |
| 25 | 13,2 | 21,1 | 26,4 | 33,0 | |
| 50 | 12,9 | 20,7 | 25,9 | 32,3 | |
| 30 | 10 | 11,7 | 18,8 | 23,5 | 9,3 |
| 25 | 11,3 | 18,1 | 22,7 | 28,3 | |
| 50 | 11,1 | 17,7 | 22,1 | 27,7 | |
| 40 | 10 | 10,1 | 16,2 | 20,3 | 25,3 |
| 25 | 9,7 | 15,6 | 19,5 | 24,3 | |
| 50 | 9,2 | 14,7 | 18,4 | 23,0 | |
| 50 | 8,7 | 13,9 | 17,3 | 23,5 | 21,7 |
| 25 | 8,0 | 12,8 | 16,0 | 20,0 | |
| 50 | 7,3 | 11,7 | 14,7 | 18,3 | |
| 60 | 10 | 7,2 | 11,5 | 14,4 | 18,0 |
| 25 | 6,1 | 9,8 | 12,3 | 15,3 | |
| 50 | 5,5 | 8,7 | 10,9 | 13,7 | |
| 70 | 10 | 5,3 | 8,5 | 10,7 | 13,3 |
| 25 | 4,5 | 7,3 | 9,1 | 11,9 | |
| 30 | 4,4 | 7,0 | 8,8 | 11,0 | |
| 50 | 4,3 | 6,8 | 8,5 | 10,7 | |
| 80 | 5 | 4,3 | 6,9 | 8,7 | 10,8 |
| 10 | 3,9 | 6,3 | 7,9 | 9,8 | |
| 25 | 3,7 | 5,9 | 7,5 | 9,2 | |
| 95 | 1 | 3,9 | 6,7 | 7,6 | 8,5 |
| 5 | 2,8 | 4,4 | 5,4 | 6,1 | |
By type, products are divided into reinforced and non-reinforced. For the second group, reinforcement with the following materials is allowed:
Fiberglass.
Internal reinforcement with perforated foil.
External - a layer of aluminum.
Composite: internal layers made of glass or fiberglass.
For the installation of hot water supply or heating systems, only reinforced pipes are used.
Standard Size Charts
Considering that pipes of this type are used almost everywhere, manufacturers produce products in a wide size range. Product sizes vary within the following limits:
Diameter - from 5 to 400 mm. Small pipes are usually used for laying pneumatic systems, medium ones - for private and multi-storey construction, large ones: for the improvement of buildings where high throughput of engineering communications is required.
Length - standard value amounts to 4 meters, however, this is not a reference characteristic and remains at the discretion of the manufacturer.
Wall thickness - 1.9-15.1 mm.
It should be clarified that polypropylene pipes can be made in the form of a monolayer or multilayer structure. The second option involves reinforcement: a five-layer structure, where there is an aluminum spacer between the layers of plastic. The thickness of the reinforcing layer usually varies within 0.1-0.5 mm.
| Outer diameter, mm | PN10 | PN20 | PN30 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inner diameter | Wall thickness | Inner diameter | Wall thickness | Inner diameter | Wall thickness | |
| 16 | 10.6 | 2.7 | ||||
| 20 | 16.2 | 1.9 | 13.2 | 3.4 | 13.2 | 3.4 |
| 25 | 20.4 | 2.3 | 16.6 | 4.2 | 16.6 | 4.2 |
| 32 | 26.0 | 3.0 | 21.2 | 5.4 | 21.2 | 3.0 |
| 40 | 32.6 | 3.7 | 26.6 | 6.7 | 26.6 | 3.7 |
| 50 | 40.8 | 4.6 | 33.2 | 8.4 | 33.2 | 4.6 |
| 63 | 51.4 | 5.8 | 42 | 10.5 | 42 | 5.8 |
| 75 | 61.2 | 6.9 | 50 | 12.5 | 50 | 6.9 |
| 90 | 73.6 | 8.2 | 6 | 15 | ||
| 110 | 90 | 10 | 73.2 | 18.4 | ||
See size tables for water and gas steel pipes. Find out about conditional pass and how to avoid confusion between inches and mm.
| Equivalent passage, mm | Outer diameter, mm | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Steel gas pipelines | Steel water pipes | Polymer | |
| 10 | 17 | 16 | 16 |
| 15 | 21.3 | 20 | 20 |
| 20 | 26.8 | 26 | 25 |
| 25 | 33.5 | 32 | 32 |
| 32 | 43.2 | 42 | 40 |
| 40 | 48 | 45 | 50 |
| 50 | 60 | 57 | 63 |
| 65 | 75.5 | 76 | 75 |
| 80 | 88.5 | 89 | 90 |
| 90 | 101.3 | ||
| 100 | 114 | 108 | 110 |
| 125 | 140 | 133 | 125 |
| 150 | 165 | 159 | 160 |
| 160 | 180 | 180 | |
| 200 | 219 | 225 | |
| 225 | 245 | 250 | |
| 250 | 273 | 280 | |
| 300 | 325 | 315 | |
| 400 | 426 | 400 | |
| 500 | 530 | 500 | |
| 600 | 630 | 630 | |
| 800 | 820 | 800 | |
| 1000 | 1020 | 1000 | |
| 1200 | 1220 | 1200 | |
Some important installation nuances
The installation of plastic pipes is somewhat different from their metal counterparts. In particular, during installation the following conditions must be observed:
Polypropylene pipes do not bend at right angles; tees and fittings are used here to change the direction of the line.
The plastic does not collapse under the influence of temperature changes: the pipe increases in length. Therefore, if the length of the pipeline section exceeds 10 meters, temperature compensators must be installed.
Under the influence of high temperatures, pipes are subject to linear expansion, so rigid fixation of the pipeline inside is not allowed wall structures: Thermal gaps must be left.
For hot water supply, only reinforced products are used, which are less susceptible to linear expansion.
Slight bending of the pipe is allowed. This can be done by heating the surface with a hair dryer (temperature approx. 140 degrees).
It should be noted that storing plastic pipes at open spaces Not recommended. To protect products from direct sunlight, which destroys the structure, canopies must be installed.
Key selection criteria
To buy high-quality pipes that will easily reach the service life declared by the manufacturer, you must follow the selection recommendations:
Selection of components.
During installation, you will definitely need couplings, fittings, and wiring tees. The ideal option would be combined elements with threaded inserts or metal frames. Such products will provide a high-quality transition between plastic and metal pipes.
Manufacturer.
The products are in consistently high demand all over the world, so plastic pipes are produced by domestic, European and Asian companies. Pipes produced by German, Czech and Russian companies have proven themselves well. Products from Turkish and Chinese manufacturers should be treated with caution: low cost implies low quality.
Marking.
Here you need to pay attention to the pipe capacity, resistance to water hammer and temperature changes. The best option- choosing a pipe whose characteristics slightly exceed the required values.
It should be noted that the durability of a plastic pipeline is affected not only by the characteristics of the product, but also by the correct installation.
Rating of trusted manufacturers
Among companies engaged in the production of polypropylene pipes, the most popular brands are:
WAWIN ECOPLASTIK. A Czech company that managed to conquer high rating from builders all over the world. The manufacturer's revolutionary solution is all-plastic FIBER pipes, which have minimal weight, but at the same time show high strength and resistance to linear expansion.
FV-PLAST. Another Czech company presented on the market with reinforced pipes with perforated aluminum inserts. The products produced have a wide size range and are ideal for installing hot and cold water supplies.
PRO AQUA. Russian enterprise, engaged in the production of multifunctional polypropylene pipes. The company's products are distinguished by high technical characteristics, while being sold in an affordable price range.
In addition, you can pay attention to the products of such companies: BANNINGER REISKIRCHEN (Germany) and VALTEC (Italy). Plastic pipes of these brands are in the high price segment, but have almost standard quality.
Watch a competent video on how to properly solder polypropylene pipes