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(approved by resolution of the USSR State Construction Committee dated December 4, 1987 N 280) (as amended on May 22, 2003) Replaces SNiP III-15-76; CH 383-67; SNiP III-16-80; SN 420-71; SNiP III-18-75; SNiP III-17-78; SNiP III-19-76; CH 393-78
Document text
Construction norms and rules SNiP 3.03.01-87
"Load-bearing and enclosing structures"
(approved by Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee dated December 4, 1987 N 280)
(as amended May 22, 2003)
Instead of SNiP III-15-76; CH 383-67; SNiP III-16-80; SN 420-71;
SNiP III-18-75; SNiP III-17-78; SNiP III-19-76; CH 393-78
installation work building structures
anti-corrosion protection welded joints
embedding installation joints and assemblies
making installation connections using bolts
controlled tension
curing concrete during winter concreting
monolithic structures
diamond tools for processing concrete and
monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures
reservoir (water tower tank)
solutions and their compositions
additives in solutions, conditions for their use and expected
mortar strength
Concrete mixtures
2.3. Dosing of concrete mixture components should be done by weight. It is allowed to dose additives introduced into the concrete mixture in the form of aqueous solutions by volume of water. The ratio of components is determined for each batch of cement and aggregates when preparing concrete of the required strength and mobility. The dosage of components should be adjusted during the preparation process. concrete mixture taking into account data from monitoring indicators of cement properties, humidity, granulometry of aggregates and strength control.
2.4. The order of loading components and the duration of mixing the concrete mixture must be established for specific materials and conditions of the concrete mixing equipment used by assessing the mobility, uniformity and strength of concrete in a specific batch. When introducing pieces of fibrous materials (fibers), it is necessary to provide a method for their introduction so that they do not form lumps and inhomogeneities.
When preparing a concrete mixture using separate technology, the following procedure must be observed:
water, part of the sand, finely ground mineral filler (if used) and cement are dosed into a running high-speed mixer, where everything is mixed;
the resulting mixture is fed into a concrete mixer, pre-loaded with the rest of the aggregates and water, and everything is mixed again.
2.5. Transportation and supply of concrete mixtures should be carried out using specialized means that ensure the preservation of the specified properties of the concrete mixture. It is prohibited to add water at the site of laying the concrete mixture to increase its mobility.
2.6. The composition of the concrete mixture, preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply with GOST 7473-85.
Instead of GOST 7473-85, by resolution of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated June 26, 1995, GOST 7473-94 was put into effect
2.7. Requirements for the composition, preparation and transportation of concrete mixtures are given in Table 1.
Table 1
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BUILDING REGULATIONS
CARRIERS
AND ENCLOSING STRUCTURES
SNiP 3.03.01-87
STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE OF THE USSR
MOSCOW 1989
DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences V.D. Topchiy; Candidates of Technical Sciences Sh.L. Machabeli, R.A. Kagramanov, B.V. Zhadanovsky, Yu.B. Chirkov, V.V. Shishkin , N. I. Evdokimov, V. P. Kolodiy, L. N. Karnaukhova, I. I. Sharov; Doctor of Technical Sciences K. I. Bashlay; A. G. Prozorovsky); Scientific Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences B. A. Krylov; Candidates of Technical Sciences O. S. Ivanova, E. N. Malinsky, R. K. Zhitkevich, B. P. Goryachev, A. V. Lagoida, N. K. Rosenthal, N. F. Shesterkina, A. M. Fridman; Doctor of Technical Sciences V. V. Zhukov); VNIPIPromstalkonstruktsiya Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR (B. Ya. Moizhes, B. B. Rubanovich), TsNIISK im. Kucherenko of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences L. M. Kovalchuk; Candidates of Technical Sciences V. A. Kameyko, I. P. Preobrazhenskaya; L. M. Lomova); TsNIIProektstalkonstruktsii of the USSR State Construction Committee (B. N. Malinin; Candidate of Technical Sciences V. G. Kravchenko); VNIIMontazhspetsstroy Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR (G. A. Ritchik); TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (S. B. Vilensky) with the participation of the Donetsk Industrial Construction Project, Krasnoyarsk Industrial Construction Project of the USSR State Construction Committee; Gorky Civil Engineering Institute named after. Chkalov of the USSR State Committee for public education; VNIIG named after. Vedeneev and Orgenergostroy of the USSR Ministry of Energy; TsNIIS Ministry of Transport of the USSR; Aeroproject Institute of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation; NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (A.I. Golyshev, V.V. Bakonin, D.I. Prokofiev).
With the entry into force of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures” the following become invalid:
Chapter SNiP III-15-76 “Concrete and reinforced concrete structures monolithic";
SN 383-67 “Instructions for the production and acceptance of work during the construction of reinforced concrete tanks for oil and petroleum products”;
Chapter SNiP III-16-80, “Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures”;
SN 420-71 “Instructions for sealing joints during installation of building structures”;
chapter SNiP III-18-75 " Metal constructions"In terms of installation of structures";
paragraph 11 of “Changes and additions to chapter SNiP III-18-75 “Metal structures”, approved by Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee dated April 19, 1978 No. 60;
chapter SNiP III-17-78 “Stone structures”;
chapter SNiP III-19-76 “Wooden structures”;
SN 393-78 “Instructions for welding connections of reinforcement and embedded parts of reinforced concrete structures.”
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal “Bulletin of Construction Equipment”, “Collection of Amendments to building regulations and rules" of the USSR State Construction Committee and information index « State standards USSR" State Standard of the USSR.
State Construction Committee of the USSR (Gosstroy USSR) Construction norms and rules SNiP 3.03.01-87
Load-bearing and enclosing structures Instead
SNiP III-15-76;
CH 383-67;
SNiP III-16-80;
SN 420-71;
SNiP III-18-75;
SNiP III-17-78;
SNiP III-19-76;
CH 393-78
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. These norms and rules apply to the production and acceptance of work performed during the construction and reconstruction of enterprises, buildings and structures in all sectors of the national economy:
during the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures from heavy, especially heavy, porous aggregates, heat-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete, during shotcrete and underwater concreting work;
in the manufacture of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures on a construction site;
during installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete, steel, wooden structures and structures made of lightweight, efficient materials;
when welding installation connections of building steel and reinforced concrete structures, connections of reinforcement and embedded products of monolithic reinforced concrete structures;
during the construction of stone and reinforced concrete stone structures made of ceramic and sand-lime brick, ceramic, silicate, natural and concrete stones, brick and ceramic panels and blocks, concrete blocks.
The requirements of these rules must be taken into account when designing structures of buildings and structures.
Contributed by TsNIIOMTP
State Construction Committee of the USSR Approved
resolution
State construction committee USSR
dated December 4, 1987 No. 280 Term
introduction
into action
July 1, 1988
1.2. The work specified in clause 1.1 must be carried out in accordance with the project, as well as comply with the requirements of the relevant standards, building codes and rules for the organization construction production and safety precautions in construction, rules fire safety in the production of construction installation work, as well as the requirements of government supervisory authorities.
1.3. When constructing special structures - highways bridges, pipes, tunnels, subways, airfields, hydraulic reclamation and other structures, as well as when constructing buildings and structures on permafrost and subsidence soils, undermined areas and in seismic areas, one must additionally be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory and technical documents.
1.4. Work on the construction of buildings and structures should be carried out according to an approved work execution plan (WPP), in which, along with general requirements SNiP 3.01.01-85 must provide for: the sequence of installation of structures; measures to ensure the required installation accuracy; spatial immutability of structures during their enlarged assembly and installation in the design position; stability of structures and parts of a building (structure) during construction; degree of enlargement of structures and safe working conditions.
The combined installation of structures and equipment should be carried out according to the work plan, which contains the procedure for combining work, interconnected diagrams of installation tiers and zones, and lifting schedules for structures and equipment.
If necessary, additional measures should be developed as part of the PPR technical requirements, aimed at increasing the construction manufacturability of constructed structures, which must be in in the prescribed manner agreed upon with the organization that developed the project and included in the as-built working drawings.
1.5. Data on construction and installation work should be entered daily into the logs of work on the installation of building structures (mandatory Appendix 1), welding work(mandatory appendix 2), anti-corrosion protection of welded joints (mandatory appendix 3), embedding of assembly joints and assemblies (mandatory appendix 4), making installation connections on bolts with controlled tension (mandatory appendix 5), and also recording their position during installation of structures on geodetic as-built diagrams.
1.6. Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, wood and stone structures must meet the requirements of the relevant standards, technical specifications and working drawings.
1.7. Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products), and for non-standardized structures (products) the requirements should be met:
structures should, as a rule, be in a position corresponding to the design (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met, in a position convenient for transportation and transfer for installation (columns, flights of stairs etc.) provided that their strength is ensured;
structures must be supported by stock pads and gaskets rectangular section located in the places specified in the project; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and at least 20 mm higher than the height of the sling loops and other protruding parts of the structures; When multi-tiered loading and storage of similar structures, linings and gaskets should be located on the same vertical line lifting devices(hinges, holes) or in other places indicated in the working drawings;
structures must be securely fastened to protect them from overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, mutual impacts against each other or against the structure of vehicles; fastenings must ensure the possibility of unloading each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the others;
textured surfaces must be protected from damage and contamination;
fittings outlets and protruding parts must be protected from damage; factory markings must be accessible for inspection;
small parts for installation connections should be attached to the shipping elements or sent simultaneously with the structures in containers equipped with tags indicating the brands of parts and their number; these parts should be stored under cover;
fasteners should be stored indoors, sorted by type and brand, bolts and nuts - by strength classes and diameters, and high-strength bolts, nuts and washers - by batch.
1.8. When storing structures, they should be sorted by brand and laid taking into account the order of installation.
1.9. It is prohibited to move any structures by dragging.
1.10. To ensure the safety of wooden structures during transportation and storage, inventory devices (cradles, clamps, containers, soft slings) should be installed in places where the structures support and come into contact with metal parts soft pads and linings, as well as protect them from exposure to solar radiation, alternate wetting and drying.
1.11. Prefabricated structures should be installed, as a rule, from vehicles or enlargement stands.
1.12. Before lifting each mounting element, you must check:
compliance with its design brand;
condition of embedded products and installation marks, absence of dirt, snow, ice, damage to finishing, primer and paint;
availability at the workplace of the necessary connecting parts and auxiliary materials;
correctness and reliability of securing load-handling devices;
and also equip it with scaffolding means, stairs and fences in accordance with the PPR.
1.13. The slinging of the mounted elements should be carried out in the places indicated in the working drawings, and their lifting and delivery to the installation site should be ensured in a position close to the design one. If it is necessary to change the slinging locations, they must be agreed upon with the organization that developed the working drawings.
It is prohibited to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as behind reinforcement outlets.
Slinging schemes for enlarged flat and spatial blocks must ensure their strength, stability and immutability during lifting geometric dimensions and forms.
1.14. The mounted elements should be lifted smoothly, without jerking, swinging or rotating, usually using guy ropes. When lifting vertically located structures, use one guy rope, horizontal elements and blocks - at least two.
The structures should be lifted in two steps: first to a height of 20-30 cm, then, after checking the reliability of the sling, further lifting is carried out.
1.15. When installing mounting elements, the following must be provided:
stability and immutability of their position at all stages of installation;
safety of work;
accuracy of their position using constant geodetic control;
strength of installation connections.
1.16. Structures should be installed in the design position according to accepted guidelines (marks, pins, stops, edges, etc.).
Structures that have special mortgages or other fixing devices must be installed on these devices.
1.17. The installed mounting elements must be securely fastened before unfastening.
1.18. Until the verification and reliable (temporary or design) fastening of the installed element is completed, it is not allowed to support the overlying structures on it, unless such support is provided for by the PPR.
1.19. In the absence of special requirements in the working drawings, maximum deviations in the alignment of landmarks (edges or marks) when installing prefabricated elements, as well as deviations from the design position of completed installation (construction) structures should not exceed the values given in the relevant sections of these rules and regulations.
Deviations for the installation of mounting elements, the position of which may change during their constant fastening and loading with subsequent structures, must be assigned in the PPR in such a way that they do not exceed the limit values after completion of all installation work. If there are no special instructions in the PPR, the deviation of elements during installation should not exceed 0.4 of the maximum deviation for acceptance.
1.20. Usage installed structures for attaching cargo pulleys, outlet blocks and other load-lifting devices to them is allowed only in cases provided for by the PPR and, if necessary, agreed upon with the organization that made the working drawings of the structures.
1.21. Installation of building structures (structures) should, as a rule, begin with a spatially stable part: a bond cell, a stiffening core, etc.
Installation of structures of buildings and structures of great length or height should be carried out in spatially stable sections (spans, tiers, floors, temperature blocks, etc.)
1.22. Production control the quality of construction and installation work must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
The following documentation must be presented during acceptance inspection:
as-built drawings with introduced (if any) deviations made by the enterprise - the manufacturer of the structures, as well as the installation organization, agreed upon with the design organizations - developers of the drawings, and documents on their approval;
factory technical passports on steel, reinforced concrete and wooden structures;
documents (certificates, passports) certifying the quality of materials used in construction and installation work;
certificates of inspection of hidden work;
acts of intermediate acceptance of critical structures;
executive geodetic diagrams of the position of structures;
work logs;
documents on quality control of welded joints;
certificates of testing of structures (if tests are provided for by additional rules of these rules and regulations or working drawings);
other documents specified in additional rules or working drawings.
1.23. It is allowed in projects, with appropriate justification, to assign requirements for the accuracy of parameters, volumes and control methods that differ from those provided for by these rules. At the same time, the accuracy geometric parameters structures should be assigned based on accuracy calculations according to GOST 21780-83.
2. CONCRETE WORK
MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE
2.1. The selection of cements for preparing concrete mixtures should be made in accordance with these rules (recommended Appendix 6) and GOST 23464-79. Acceptance of cements should be carried out in accordance with GOST 22236-85, transportation and storage of cements - in accordance with GOST 22237-85 and SNiP 3.09.01-85.
2.2. Fillers for concrete are used fractionated and washed. It is prohibited to use a natural mixture of sand and gravel without sifting into fractions (mandatory appendix 7). When choosing aggregates for concrete, materials from local raw materials should be used predominantly. To obtain the required technological properties of concrete mixtures and operational properties For concrete, chemical additives or their complexes should be used in accordance with mandatory Appendix 7 and recommended Appendix 8.
CONCRETE MIXTURES
2.3. Dosing of concrete mixture components should be done by weight. It is allowed to dose additives introduced into the concrete mixture in the form of aqueous solutions by volume of water. The ratio of components is determined for each batch of cement and aggregates when preparing concrete of the required strength and mobility. The dosage of components should be adjusted during the preparation of the concrete mixture, taking into account data from monitoring indicators of cement properties, humidity, granulometry of aggregates and strength control.
2.4. The order of loading components and the duration of mixing the concrete mixture must be established for specific materials and conditions of the concrete mixing equipment used by assessing the mobility, uniformity and strength of concrete in a specific batch. When introducing pieces of fibrous materials (fibers), it is necessary to provide a method for their introduction so that they do not form lumps and inhomogeneities.
When preparing a concrete mixture using separate technology, the following procedure must be observed:
water, part of the sand, finely ground mineral filler (if used) and cement are dosed into a running high-speed mixer, where everything is mixed;
the resulting mixture is fed into a concrete mixer, pre-loaded with the rest of the aggregates and water, and everything is mixed again.
2.5. Transportation and supply of concrete mixtures should be carried out using specialized means that ensure the preservation of the specified properties of the concrete mixture. It is prohibited to add water at the site of laying the concrete mixture to increase its mobility.
2.6. The composition of the concrete mixture, preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply with GOST 7473-85.
2.7. Requirements for the composition, preparation and transportation of concrete mixtures are given in table. 1.
Table 1
1. Number of fractions of coarse aggregate at grain size, mm: Measuring according to GOST 10260-82, work log
up to 40 At least two
St. 40 At least three
2. Largest aggregate size for:
reinforced concrete structures No more than 2/3 of the shortest distance between reinforcement bars The same
slabs No more than 1/2 the thickness of the slab
thin-walled structures No more than 1/3-1/2 of the thickness of the product
when pumping with a concrete pump: No more than 0.33 internal diameter of the pipeline
including grains largest size Flaky and needle-shaped forms Not more than 15% by weight
when pumping through concrete pipelines, the content of sand with a particle size of less than, mm: Measuring according to GOST 8736-85, work log
0,14 5 - 7 %
0,3 15 - 20 %
LAYING CONCRETE MIXTURES
2.8. Before concreting rock foundations, horizontal and inclined concrete surfaces working joints must be cleared of debris, dirt, oil, snow and ice, cement film, etc. Immediately before laying the concrete mixture, the cleaned surfaces must be washed with water and dried with a stream of air.
2.9. All structures and their elements that are covered during subsequent work (prepared structural foundations, reinforcement, embedded products, etc.), as well as the correct installation and fastening of the formwork and its supporting elements must be accepted in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
2.10. Concrete mixtures should be laid in concrete structures in horizontal layers of equal thickness without breaks, with a consistent direction of laying in one direction in all layers.
2.11. When compacting the concrete mixture, it is not allowed to rest vibrators on reinforcement and embedded products, ties and other formwork fastening elements. The depth of immersion of the deep vibrator into the concrete mixture should ensure its deepening into the previously laid layer by 5 - 10 cm. The step of rearrangement of deep vibrators should not exceed one and a half radius of their action, surface vibrators should ensure that the vibrator platform overlaps the border of the already vibrated area by 100 mm.
2.12. Laying the next layer of concrete mixture is allowed before the concrete of the previous layer begins to set. The duration of the break between laying adjacent layers of concrete mixture without forming a working joint is established by the construction laboratory. The top level of the laid concrete mixture should be 50 - 70 mm below the top of the formwork panels.
2.13. The surface of the working joints, arranged when laying the concrete mixture intermittently, must be perpendicular to the axis of the columns and beams being concreted, the surface of the slabs and walls. Concreting may be resumed once the concrete reaches a strength of at least 1.5 MPa. Working joints, in agreement with the design organization, may be installed during concreting:
columns - at the level of the top of the foundation, the bottom of purlins, beams and crane consoles, the top of crane beams, the bottom of column capitals;
beams large sizes, monolithically connected to the slabs - 20 - 30 mm below the mark of the bottom surface of the slab, and if there are haunches in the slab - at the mark of the bottom of the haunch of the slab;
flat slabs - anywhere parallel to the smaller side of the slab;
ribbed floors - in a direction parallel to the secondary beams;
individual beams - within the middle third of the span of beams, in a direction parallel to the main beams (purlins) within the two middle quarters of the span of purlins and slabs;
arrays, arches, vaults, tanks, bunkers, hydraulic structures, bridges and other complex engineering structures and structures - in the places specified in the projects.
2.14. Requirements for laying and compacting concrete mixtures are given in table. 2.
table 2
Parameter Parameter value Control (method, volume, type of registration)
1. Durability of surfaces concrete foundations when cleaning from cement film: Not less than, MPa: Measuring according to GOST 10180-78, GOST 18105-86, GOST 22690.0-77, work log
water and air jet 0.3
mechanical wire brush 1.5
hydrosandblasting or mechanical cutter 5.0
2. Height of free dropping of concrete mixture into the formwork of structures: No more, m: Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log
columns 5.0
floors 1.0
walls 4.5
unreinforced structures 6.0
lightly reinforced underground structures in dry and cohesive soils 4.5
densely reinforced 3.0
3. Thickness of laid layers of concrete mixture: Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log
when compacting the mixture with heavy suspended vertical vibrators 5-10 cm less than the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with suspended vibrators located at an angle to the vertical (up to 30°) Not more than the vertical projection of the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with manual deep vibrators No more than 1.25 times the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with surface vibrators in structures: No more than, cm:
unreinforced 40
with single fittings 25
With double fittings 12
Approved
By order of the Federal
construction agencies
and housing and communal services
economy (Gosstroy)
dated December 25, 2012 N 109/GS
SET OF RULES
UPDATED VERSION OF SNiP 3.03.01-87
SUPPORTING AND ENCLOSING STRUCTURES
Load-bearing and separating constructions
SP 70.13330.2012
OKS 91.080.10
91.080.20
91.080.30
91.080.40
Preface
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by Federal Law No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002 “On Technical Regulation”, and the development rules are established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2008 No. 858 “On the procedure for the development and approval of sets of rules ".
Rulebook Details
1. Performers - CJSC "TsNIIPSK im. Melnikov"; institutes of OJSC "Research Center "Construction": NIIZhB named after A.A. Gvozdev and TsNIISK named after V.A. Kucherenko; Association of Ceramic Manufacturers wall materials; Association of Manufacturers of Silicate Products, Siberian Federal University.
2. Introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction".
3. Prepared for approval by the Urban Development Policy Department.
4. Approved by Order of the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Services (Gosstroy) dated December 25, 2012 N 109/GS and put into effect on July 1, 2013.
5. Registered Federal agency on technical regulation and metrology (Rosstandart). Revision of SP 70.13330.2011 "SNiP 3.03.01-87 Load-bearing and enclosing structures."
Information about changes to this updated set of rules is published in the annually published information index " National standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, the corresponding notification will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". The relevant information, notification and texts are posted also in information system common use- on the official website of the developer (Gosstroy) on the Internet.
Introduction
This set of rules was developed with the aim of improving the quality of construction and installation work, the durability and reliability of buildings and structures, as well as the level of safety of people on the construction site, the safety of material assets in accordance with Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures", increasing the level of harmonization of regulatory requirements with European and international regulatory documents; application of uniform methods for determining operational characteristics and assessment methods.
The updating of SNiP 3.03.01-87 was carried out by the following team of authors: ZAO "TsNIIPSK im. Melnikov" consisting of specialists: candidates of technical sciences. Sciences N.I. Presnyakov, V.V. Evdokimov, V.F. Belyaev; Dr. Tech. Sciences B.V. Ostroumov, V.K. Vostrov; engineers S.I. Bochkova, V.M. Babushkin, G.V. Kalashnikov; Siberian Federal University- Associate Professor, Candidate of Sciences tech. Sciences V.L. Igoshin; institutes of JSC "National Research Center "Construction": Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete Construction named after A.A. Gvozdev - Doctors of Technical Sciences B.A. Krylov, V.F. Stepanova, N.K. Rosenthal; Candidates of Technical Sciences V.R. Falikman , M. I. Brousser, A. N. Bolgov, V. I. Savin, T. A. Kuzmich, M. G. Korevitskaya, L. A. Titova; I. I. Karpukhin, G. V. Lyubarskaya, D O.V. Kuzevanov, N.K. Vernigora and TsNIISK named after V.A. Kucherenko - Doctors of Technical Sciences I.I. Vedyakov, S.A. Madatyan; Candidates of Technical Sciences O.I. Ponomarev, S. B. Turkovsky, A.A. Pogoreltsev, I.P. Preobrazhenskaya, A.V. Prostyakov, G.G. Gurova, M.I. Gukova; A.V. Potapov, A.M. Gorbunov, E.G. Fokina; Association of Manufacturers of Ceramic Wall Materials - V.N. Gerashchenko; Association of Manufacturers of Silicate Products - N.V. Somov.
1 area of use
1.1. This set of rules applies to the production and acceptance of work performed during the construction and reconstruction of enterprises, buildings and structures in all sectors of the national economy:
during the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures from heavy, especially heavy, porous aggregates, heat-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete, during shotcrete and underwater concreting work;
in the manufacture of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures on a construction site;
when installing prefabricated reinforced concrete, steel, wooden structures and structures made of lightweight, efficient materials;
when welding installation connections of building steel and reinforced concrete structures, connections of reinforcement and embedded products of monolithic reinforced concrete structures;
during the construction of stone and reinforced stone structures made of ceramic and silicate bricks, ceramic, silicate, natural and concrete stones, brick and ceramic panels and blocks, concrete blocks.
The requirements of this set of rules should be taken into account when designing structures of buildings and structures.
1.2. During the construction of special structures - highways, bridges, pipes, steel tanks and gas tanks, tunnels, subways, airfields, hydraulic reclamation and other structures, as well as when constructing buildings and structures on permafrost and subsidence soils, undermined areas and in seismic areas, one should additionally be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory documents.
2.1. This set of rules uses references to the following regulatory documents:
GOST 379-95 Brick and silicate stones. Specifications
GOST 450-77 Technical calcium chloride. Specifications
GOST 530-07 Ceramic brick and stone. General technical conditions
GOST 828-77 Technical sodium nitrate. Specifications
GOST 965-89 White Portland cements. Specifications
GOST 969-91 Aluminous and high-alumina cements. Specifications
GOST 1581-96 Portland backfill cements. Specifications
GOST 2081-2010 Urea. Specifications
GOST 2246-70 Steel welding wire. Specifications
GOST 3242-79 Welded joints. Quality Control Methods
GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Welded connections. Main types, structural elements and sizes
GOST 5578-94 Crushed stone and sand from ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy slags for concrete. Specifications
GOST 5686-94 Soils. Field test methods for piles
GOST 5802-86 Construction mortars. Test methods
GOST 6402-70 Spring washers. Specifications
GOST 6996-66 Welded joints. Methods for determining mechanical properties
GOST 7076-99 Construction materials and products. Method for determining thermal conductivity and thermal resistance at stationary thermal conditions
GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixtures. Specifications
GOST 7512-82 Non-destructive testing. Welded connections. Radiographic method
GOST 7566-94 Metal products. Reception, labeling, packaging, transportation and storage
GOST 8267-93 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction work. Specifications
GOST 8269.0-97 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks and waste industrial production for construction work. Methods of physical and mechanical tests
GOST 8713-79 Submerged arc welding. Welded connections. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 8735-88 Sand for construction work. Test methods
GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications
GOST 9087-81 Fused welding fluxes. Specifications
GOST 9206-80 Diamond powders. Specifications
GOST 9467-75 Coated metal electrodes for manual arc welding of structural and heat-resistant steels. Types
GOST 9757-90 Artificial porous gravel, crushed stone and sand. Specifications
GOST 9758-2012 Porous inorganic fillers for construction work. Test methods
GOST 10060-2012 Concrete. Methods for determining frost resistance
GOST 10178-85 Portland cement and Portland slag cement. Specifications
GOST 10180-90 Concrete. Methods for determining strength using control samples
GOST 10181-2000 Concrete mixtures. Test methods
GOST 10243-75 Steel. Test methods and macrostructure evaluation
GOST 10541-78 Universal motor oils and for automobile carburetor engines. Specifications
GOST 10690-73 Technical potassium carbonate (potash). Specifications
GOST 10832-2009 Expanded perlite sand and crushed stone. Specifications
GOST 10906-78 Oblique washers. Specifications
GOST 10922-90 Reinforcement and embedded products, their welded, knitted and mechanical connections for reinforced concrete structures. General technical conditions
GOST 11052-74 Expanding gypsum-alumina cement
GOST 11371-78 Washers. Specifications
GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Welded connections at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Welded connections at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 12730.5-84 Concrete. Methods for determining water resistance
GOST 12865-67 Expanded vermiculite
GOST 13015-2003 Concrete and reinforced concrete products for construction. General technical requirements. Rules for acceptance, labeling, transportation and storage
GOST 13087-81 Concrete. Methods for determining abrasion
GOST 14098-91 Welded connections of reinforcement and embedded products of reinforced concrete structures. Types, designs and sizes
GOST 14771-76 Arc welding in shielding gas. Welded connections. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 14782-86 Non-destructive testing. Welded connections. Ultrasonic methods
GOST 15150-69 Machines, instruments and others technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions regarding the impact of environmental climatic factors
GOST 15164-78 Electroslag welding. Welded connections. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 15825-80 Colored Portland cement. Specifications
GOST 16037-80 Welded connections for steel pipelines. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2009 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
GOST 17624-87 Concrete. Ultrasonic method for determining strength
GOST 18105-2010 Concrete. Rules for monitoring and assessing strength
GOST 18442-80 Non-destructive testing. Capillary methods. General requirements
GOST 19906-74 Technical sodium nitrite. Specifications
GOST 20276-99 Soils. Methods for field determination of strength and deformability characteristics
GOST 20799-88 Industrial oils. Specifications
GOST 20850-84 Glued wooden structures. General technical conditions
GOST 20910-90 Heat-resistant concrete. Specifications
GOST 21104-75 Non-destructive testing. Fluxgate method
GOST 21105-87 Non-destructive testing. Magnetic particle method
GOST 21779-82 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Technological tolerances
GOST 21780-2006 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Accuracy calculation
GOST 22263-76 Crushed stone and sand from porous rocks. Specifications
GOST 22266-94 Sulfate-resistant cements. Specifications
GOST 22690-88 Concrete. Determination of strength mechanical methods non-destructive testing
GOST 22845-85 Electric passenger and freight elevators. Rules for the organization, production and acceptance of installation work
GOST 23118-99 Steel construction structures. General technical conditions
GOST 23407-78 Inventory fencing for construction sites and construction sites. Specifications
GOST 23518-79 Arc welding in shielding gases. Welded connections at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 23683-89 Solid petroleum paraffins. Specifications
GOST 23732-2011 Water for concrete and mortars. Specifications
GOST 23858-79 Welded butt and tee connections for reinforced concrete structures. Ultrasonic quality control methods. Acceptance rules
GOST 24045-2010 Bent steel sheet profiles with trapezoidal corrugations for construction. Specifications
GOST 24211-2008 Additives for concrete and mortars. General technical conditions
GOST 24379.0-80 Foundation bolts. General technical conditions
GOST 24846-81 Soils. Methods for measuring deformations of the foundations of buildings and structures
GOST 25192-82 Concrete. Classification and general technical requirements
GOST 25225-82 Non-destructive testing. Seams of pipeline welded joints. Magnetographic method
GOST 25246-82 Chemically resistant concrete. Specifications
GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. Specifications
GOST 25485-89 Cellular concrete. Specifications
GOST 25592-91 Ash and slag mixtures from thermal power plants for concrete. Specifications
GOST 25818-91 Fly ash from thermal power plants for concrete. Specifications
GOST 25820-2000 Lightweight concrete. Specifications
GOST 26271-84 Flux-cored wire for arc welding of carbon and low-alloy steels. General technical conditions
GOST 26633-91 Heavy and fine-grained concrete. Specifications
GOST 26644-85 Crushed stone and sand from thermal power plant slag for concrete. Specifications
GOST 26887-86 Platforms and stairs for construction and installation work. General technical conditions
GOST 27005-86 Lightweight and cellular concrete. Average Density Control Rules
GOST 27006-86 Concrete. Squad selection rules
GOST 28013-98 Construction mortars. General technical conditions
GOST 28570-90 Concrete. Methods for determining strength using samples taken from structures
GOST 30515-97 Cements. General technical conditions
GOST 30971-2002 Seams assembly units connection of window blocks to wall openings. General technical conditions
GOST 31108-2003 General construction cements. Specifications
GOST 31384-2008 Protection of concrete and reinforced concrete structures from corrosion. General technical requirements
GOST 12.1.046-85 SSBT. Construction. Lighting standards for construction sites
GOST R 12.4.026-2001 SSBT. Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and rules of use. General technical requirements and characteristics. Test methods
GOST R 51254-99 Assembly tool for standardized tightening threaded connections. Torque keys. General technical conditions
GOST R 51263-99 Polystyrene concrete. Specifications
GOST R 51634-2000 Automotive motor oils. General technical requirements
GOST R 52085-2003 Formwork. General technical conditions
GOST R 52752-2007 Formwork. Test methods
SP 15.13330.2012 "SNiP II-22-81* Stone and reinforced masonry structures"
SP 16.13330.2011 "SNiP II-23-81* Steel structures"
SP 20.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and impacts"
SP 25.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.02.04-88 Foundations and foundations on permafrost soils"
SP 28.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.03.11-85 Protection of building structures from corrosion"
SP 45.13330.2012 "SNiP 3.02.01-87 Earthworks, bases and foundations"
SP 46.13330.2012 "SNiP 3.06.04-91 Bridges and pipes"
SP 48.13330.2011 "SNiP 12-01-2004 Organization of construction"
SP 50.13330.2012 "SNiP 23-02-2003 Thermal protection buildings"
SP 130.13330.2011 "SNiP 3.09.01-85 Production of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and products."
Note. When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the national standardization bodies of the Russian Federation on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in this year. If reference document replaced (changed), then when using this set of rules you should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the reference document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference to it is given applies to the part that does not affect this reference.
3. General requirements
3.1. The organization and execution of work on the construction of buildings and structures, the arrangement of the construction site and workplaces must meet the requirements and.
3.2. The organization and performance of work at the construction site must be carried out in compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the requirements.
3.3. The work should be carried out in accordance with the work execution plan (WPP), which, along with the general requirements, should provide for: the sequence of installation of structures; measures to ensure the required installation accuracy; spatial immutability of structures during their enlarged assembly and installation in the design position; stability of structures and parts of a building (structure) during construction; degree of enlargement of structures and safe working conditions.
The combined installation of structures and equipment should be carried out according to the work plan, which contains the procedure for combining work, interconnected diagrams of installation tiers and zones, and lifting schedules for structures and equipment.
If necessary, as part of the PPR, additional technical requirements must be developed aimed at increasing the manufacturability of the structures being erected, which must be agreed upon in the prescribed manner with the organization that developed the project and included in the as-built working drawings.
3.4. Construction site must be fenced in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23407 and marked with safety signs and inscriptions of the established form in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 12.4.026. The construction site, work areas, workplaces, passages and approaches to them in the dark must be illuminated in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.046.
3.5. Data on construction and installation work should be entered daily into the logs of installation of building structures (Appendix A), welding work (Appendix B), anti-corrosion protection of welded joints (Appendix C), embedding of installation joints and assemblies (Appendix D), performance of installation connections on bolts with controlled tension (Appendix D), a log of concrete work (Appendix F), and also record their position on geodetic as-built diagrams during the installation of structures. The quality of construction and installation work must be ensured by ongoing monitoring technological processes preparatory and main work, as well as during acceptance of work. Based on the results of ongoing monitoring of technological processes, inspection reports for hidden work are drawn up.
3.6. Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, wood and stone structures must meet the requirements of relevant standards, codes of practice and working drawings.
3.7. Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products), and for non-standardized structures (products) the following requirements should be observed:
structures should, as a rule, be in a position corresponding to the design (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met, in a position convenient for transportation and transfer for installation (columns, flights of stairs etc.), provided that their strength is ensured;
structures must be supported by inventory pads and rectangular gaskets located in the places specified in the design; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and at least 20 mm higher than the height of the sling loops and other protruding parts of the structures; when multi-tiered loading and storage of structures of the same type, linings and gaskets must be located on the same vertical along the line of lifting devices (hinges, holes) or in other places specified in the working drawings;
structures must be securely fastened to protect them from overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, mutual impacts against each other or against the structure of vehicles; fastenings must ensure the possibility of unloading each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the others;
textured surfaces load-bearing structures must be protected from damage and contamination;
fittings outlets and protruding parts must be protected from damage; factory markings must be accessible for inspection;
small parts for installation connections should be attached to the shipping elements or sent simultaneously with the structures in containers equipped with tags indicating the brands of parts and their number; these parts should be stored under cover;
fasteners should be stored indoors, sorted by type and brand, bolts and nuts - by strength classes and diameters, and high-strength bolts, nuts and washers - by batch.
3.8. Facade cladding and roofing structures with textured and other finishing, thin-walled galvanized elements of load-bearing structures, fasteners and parts of load-bearing and enclosing structures, shaped elements for finishing facades and roofs, insulation and vapor barrier materials should be stored in an unheated warehouse with a hard floor.
Storage of structures, cladding panels and parts in the warehouse is carried out in packaged form. wooden beams up to 10 cm thick, in increments of 0.5 m. The warehouse must be closed, dry, with a hard floor covering.
Storing the structures, panels and parts specified in this paragraph in open areas and together with aggressive chemical products is not allowed.
3.9. When storing structures, they should be sorted by brand and laid taking into account the order of installation.
3.10. It is prohibited to move any structures by dragging.
3.11. To ensure the safety of wooden structures during transportation and storage, inventory devices (cradles, clamps, containers, soft slings) should be used with the installation of soft gaskets and linings in places where the structures support and come into contact with metal parts. Structures should be stored under a canopy to protect them from exposure to solar radiation, alternate wetting and drying.
3.12. Prefabricated structures should be installed, as a rule, from vehicles or enlargement stands.
3.13. Before lifting each mounting element, you must check:
compliance with its design brand;
condition of embedded products and installation marks, absence of dirt, snow, ice, damage to finishing, primer and paint;
availability at the workplace of the necessary connecting parts and auxiliary materials;
correctness and reliability of securing load-handling devices.
Each installation element must be equipped in accordance with the PPR with scaffolding means, stairs and fences.
3.14. The slinging of the mounted elements should be carried out in the places indicated in the working drawings, and their lifting and delivery to the installation site should be ensured in a position close to the design one. If it is necessary to change the slinging locations, they must be agreed upon with the organization that developed the working drawings.
Lifting operations with thin-walled galvanized structures, cladding panels and slabs should be produced using textile tape slings, vacuum grippers or other devices that prevent damage to structures and panels.
It is prohibited to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as behind reinforcement outlets.
Slinging schemes for enlarged flat and spatial blocks must ensure their strength, stability and invariability of geometric dimensions and shapes during lifting.
3.15. The mounted elements should be lifted smoothly, without jerking, swinging or rotating, usually using guy ropes. When lifting vertically located structures, use one guy, horizontal elements and blocks - at least two.
The structures should be lifted in two steps: first to a height of 20 - 30 cm, then, after checking the reliability of the sling, further lifting is carried out.
3.16. When installing mounting elements, the following must be provided:
stability and immutability of their position at all stages of installation;
safety of work;
accuracy of their position using constant geodetic control;
strength of installation connections.
3.17. Structures should be installed in the design position according to accepted guidelines (marks, pins, stops, edges, etc.).
Structures that have special mortgages or other fixing devices should be installed using these devices.
3.18. The installed mounting elements must be securely fastened before unfastening.
3.19. Until the verification and reliable (temporary or design) fastening of the installed element is completed, it is not allowed to support the overlying structures on it, unless such support is provided for by the PPR.
3.20. In the absence of special requirements in the working drawings, maximum deviations in the alignment of landmarks (edges or marks) when installing prefabricated elements, as well as deviations from the design position of completed installation (construction) structures should not exceed the values given in the relevant sections of this set of rules.
Deviations for the installation of mounting elements, the position of which may change during their constant fastening and loading with subsequent structures, must be assigned in the PPR in such a way that they do not exceed the limit values after completion of all installation work. If there are no special instructions in the PPR, the deviation of elements during installation should not exceed 0.4 of the maximum deviation for acceptance.
3.21. The use of installed structures for attaching cargo pulleys, pulley blocks and other load-lifting devices to them is allowed only in cases provided for by the PPR and, if necessary, agreed upon with the organization that made the working drawings of the structures.
3.22. Installation of building structures (structures) should, as a rule, begin with a spatially stable part: a bond cell, a stiffening core, etc.
Installation of structures of buildings and structures of great length or height should be carried out in spatially stable sections (spans, tiers, floors, temperature blocks, etc.).
3.23. Production quality control of construction and installation works should be carried out in accordance with SP 48.13330.
The following documentation must be presented during acceptance inspection:
as-built drawings with introduced (if any) deviations made by the manufacturer of the structures, as well as the installation organization, agreed upon with the design organizations - developers of the drawings, and documents on their approval;
factory technical data sheets for steel, reinforced concrete and wooden structures;
documents (certificates, passports) certifying the quality of materials used in construction and installation work;
certificates of inspection of hidden work;
acts of intermediate acceptance of critical structures;
executive geodetic diagrams of the position of structures;
work logs;
documents on quality control of welded joints;
certificates of testing of structures (if tests are provided for by additional rules of this set of rules or working drawings);
other documents specified in additional rules or working drawings.
3.24. It is allowed in projects, with appropriate justification, to assign requirements for the accuracy of parameters, volumes and control methods that differ from those provided for by these rules. In this case, the accuracy of the geometric parameters of structures should be assigned based on the accuracy calculation according to GOST 21780.
DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences V. D. Topchiy; Candidates of Technical Sciences Sh. L. Machabeli, R. A. Kagramanov, B. V. Zhadanovsky, Yu. B. Chirkov, V. V. Shishkin , N. I. Evdokimov, V. P. Kolodiy, L. N. Karnaukhova, I. I. Sharov; Doctor of Technical Sciences K. I. Bashlay; A. G. Prozorovsky); Scientific Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences B. A. Krylov; Candidates of Technical Sciences O. S. Ivanova, E. N. Malinsky, R. K. Zhitkevich, B. P. Goryachev, A. V. Lagoida, N. K. Rosenthal, N. F. Shesterkina, A. M. Fridman; Doctor of Technical Sciences V. V. Zhukov); VNIPIPromstalkonstruktsiya Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR (B. Ya. Moizhes, B. B. Rubanovich), TsNIISK im. Kucherenko of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences L. M. Kovalchuk; Candidates of Technical Sciences V. A. Kameyko, I. P. Preobrazhenskaya; L. M. Lomova); TsNIIProektStalkonstruktsiya of the USSR State Construction Committee (B. N. Malinin; Ph.D. technical sciences V. G. Kravchenko); VNIIMontazhspetsstroy Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR (G. A. Ritchik); TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (S. B. Vilensky) with the participation of the Donetsk Industrial Construction Project, Krasnoyarsk Industrial Construction Project of the USSR State Construction Committee; Gorky Civil Engineering Institute named after. Chkalov of the USSR State Committee for Public Education; VNIIG named after. Vedeneev and Orgenergostroy of the USSR Ministry of Energy; TsNIIS Ministry of Transport of the USSR; Aeroproject Institute of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation; NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (A.I. Golyshev, V.V. Bakonin, D.I. Prokofiev).
With the entry into force of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures” the following become invalid:
chapter SNiP III-15-76 “Concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures”;
SN 383-67 “Instructions for the production and acceptance of work during the construction of reinforced concrete tanks for oil and petroleum products”;
Chapter SNiP III-16-80, “Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures”;
SN 420-71 “Instructions for sealing joints during installation of building structures”;
chapter SNiP III-18-75 “Metal structures” regarding the installation of structures”;
paragraph 11 of “Changes and additions to chapter SNiP III-18-75 “Metal structures”, approved by Decree of the USSR State Construction Committee dated April 19, 1978 No. 60;
chapter SNiP III-17-78 “Stone structures”;
chapter SNiP III-19-76 “Wooden structures”;
SN 393-78 “Instructions for welding connections of reinforcement and embedded parts of reinforced concrete structures.”
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes to building codes and rules and state standards published in the journal “Bulletin of Construction Equipment”, “Collection of Amendments to Construction Codes and Rules” of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index “USSR State Standards” of the USSR State Standard.