1. Average professional education aimed at solving problems of intellectual, cultural and professional development person and has the goal of training qualified workers or employees and mid-level specialists in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, as well as meeting the needs of the individual in deepening and expanding education.
2. To master educational programs Secondary vocational education is allowed to persons with education not lower than basic general or secondary general education, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law.
3. Obtaining secondary vocational education on the basis of basic general education is carried out with the simultaneous receipt of secondary general education within the framework of the relevant educational program of secondary vocational education. In this case, the educational program of secondary vocational education, implemented on the basis of basic general education, is developed on the basis of the requirements of the relevant federal state educational standards secondary general and secondary vocational education, taking into account the profession or specialty of secondary vocational education.
4. Admission to educational programs of secondary vocational education at the expense of budgetary allocations federal budget, budgets of subjects Russian Federation and local budgets is publicly available, unless otherwise provided by this part. When admitting students to educational programs of secondary vocational education in professions and specialties that require applicants to have certain creative abilities, physical and (or) psychological qualities, entrance examinations are conducted in the manner established in accordance with this Federal Law. If the number of applicants exceeds the number of places, financial support which is carried out at the expense of budgetary allocations of the federal budget, budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets, the educational organization, when admitting students to educational programs of secondary vocational education, takes into account the results of the applicants’ mastery of the educational program of basic general or secondary general education, indicated in the submitted educational documents.
5. Receiving secondary vocational education under training programs for mid-level specialists for the first time by persons who have a diploma of secondary vocational education with the qualification of a qualified worker or employee does not constitute obtaining a second or subsequent secondary vocational education again.
6. Students in educational programs of secondary vocational education who do not have secondary general education have the right to undergo state final certification, which ends the development of educational programs of secondary general education and upon successful completion of which they are issued a certificate of secondary education general education. These students undergo state final certification free of charge.
For some reason, people have had a stereotype since ancient times that only C grade students receive specialized secondary education. Even people with a diploma from a non-higher professional institution were hired only once in a while. Over time, the situation has changed. The level of secondary specialized education institutions is now not much behind higher educational institutions. And there are many times more people wishing to obtain a diploma in such institutions.
What does secondary specialized education mean?
If you divide the classical system of acquiring knowledge into several components, you will get an approximate scheme: first, a person receives a basic secondary education (9 grades), then a general secondary education (11 grades), followed by specialized secondary and higher education. You can receive specialized secondary education after the 9th grade. Therefore, recently, a lot of teenagers leave school without waiting for the end of the 11th grade. There are two main reasons: the desire to quickly get a profession and start earning money, and lack of confidence in one’s abilities when entering a higher education institution.
The question of where to get secondary specialized education is decided by everyone in their own way. There are several types of institutions that accept students with basic secondary education: vocational lyceums, technical schools, schools and colleges. In fact, all these educational institutions perform the same functions - they train mid-level specialists, engage in advanced training and retraining courses for specialists various professions. Also, all these educational institutions provide their students with the opportunity to receive specialized secondary education via correspondence.
Advantages of receiving secondary specialized education
Today, colleges, lyceums and technical schools are not much different from universities. A person who wants to receive secondary specialized education should know a number of advantages of such educational institutions:
- in colleges, technical schools and lyceums, as well as in universities, there is a competitive basis;
- Budget and paid places are available for applicants;
- among applicants there are often people who want to receive a second specialized secondary education;
- For persons with disabilities, many educational institutions provide the opportunity to receive specialized secondary education remotely.
There is good news for those who have incomplete secondary specialized education. Having received an academic certificate from the institution where you completed your studies, you can continue your studies at any institution of this type. True, only on a paid basis, and with the subsequent passing of subjects that you may not have been taught.
And, perhaps, the main advantage is the opportunity to obtain higher education after secondary specialized education without passing the Unified State Exam. Moreover, you can enroll immediately in the 3rd year and a shortened training program.
Working with secondary special education
Work is one of the main reasons for the increase in people entering secondary specialized educational institutions. Compared to those times when the most prestigious professions were economic or legal specialties, today the situation on the labor market has changed significantly. A specialist with a secondary specialized education can get a higher-paid job than a university graduate. The first reason for such a dramatic change is that secondary specialized institutions care about the practical skills of their students and guide 
them for internships in various firms and companies. After completing their studies, such students already have work experience and have almost no problems finding employment. The second reason is the shortage of such professions as mechanics, carpenters, welders, etc. Many factories and companies pay a lot of money for a person with such a specialization.
When choosing your future, you should focus not only on the popularity of the profession. The main thing is that knowledge, and then the future profession, bring pleasure. Then the income will be much higher. The list of professions in secondary specialized institutions becomes more diverse every year. Therefore, finding “your” specialization will definitely not be difficult for a future applicant.
Secondary vocational education (SVE) - average level vocational education.
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Secondary vocational education in Russia
Educational institutions of secondary vocational education
IN Soviet time existed secondary special education, which could be obtained in technical schools, as well as in some schools (for example, medical school, pedagogical school, veterinary school, law school).
In post-Soviet times, some technical schools were renamed colleges. Currently, secondary vocational education can be obtained in technical schools and colleges (Secondary special educational institutions). They, in turn, can be either separate educational institutions or integral part Universities. The differences in terms are defined in the Model Regulations on an educational institution of secondary vocational education (secondary specialized educational institution):
7. The following types of secondary specialized educational institutions are established:
a) technical school - a secondary specialized educational institution that implements basic professional educational programs of secondary vocational education of basic training;
b) college - a secondary specialized educational institution that implements basic professional educational programs of secondary vocational education of basic training and programs of secondary vocational education of advanced training.
In other words, technical schools and colleges teach specialties in which secondary vocational education can be obtained in 3 years (in some specialties - in 2 years). At the same time, the college also requires training in in-depth training programs (4 years).
The list of specialties of secondary vocational education was approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated April 12, 2005 No. 112
NGO institutions (Primary vocational education) and secondary vocational education combine and implement two-stage training in primary and secondary vocational education programs. In accordance with the standard Regulations on an educational institution of secondary vocational education, the educational institution is also called the term secondary school (Secondary special educational institution).
- Secondary vocational education is aimed at training mid-level specialists, satisfying the needs of the individual in deepening and expanding education on the basis of basic general, secondary (complete) general or primary vocational education.
- Citizens who have primary vocational education in the relevant profile receive secondary vocational education under abbreviated programs.
- Secondary vocational education can be obtained in educational institutions of secondary vocational education (secondary specialized educational institutions) or at the first stage educational institutions higher professional education.
- An educational institution of secondary vocational education may implement educational programs of primary vocational education if it has an appropriate license.
1. Secondary vocational education is aimed at solving the problems of intellectual, cultural and professional development of a person and has the goal of training qualified workers or employees and mid-level specialists in all main areas of socially useful activities in accordance with the needs of society and the state, as well as meeting the needs of the individual in deepening and expansion of education.
2. Persons with an education not lower than basic general or secondary general education are allowed to master educational programs of secondary vocational education, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law.
3. Obtaining secondary vocational education on the basis of basic general education is carried out with the simultaneous receipt of secondary general education within the framework of the relevant educational program of secondary vocational education. In this case, the educational program of secondary vocational education, implemented on the basis of basic general education, is developed on the basis of the requirements of the relevant federal state educational standards of secondary general and secondary vocational education, taking into account the profession or specialty of secondary vocational education being acquired.
4. Admission to educational programs of secondary vocational education at the expense of budgetary allocations from the federal budget, budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets is publicly available, unless otherwise provided by this part. When admitting students to educational programs of secondary vocational education in professions and specialties that require applicants to have certain creative abilities, physical and (or) psychological qualities, entrance examinations are conducted in the manner established in accordance with this Federal Law. If the number of applicants exceeds the number of places, the financial support of which is carried out through budgetary allocations from the federal budget, budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets, educational organization in accordance with the admission procedure established in accordance with Part 8 of Article 55 of this Federal Law, takes into account the results of applicants’ mastery of the educational program of basic general or secondary general education, indicated in the documents of education and (or) documents on education and qualifications submitted by the applicant, the results of individual achievements, information about which the applicant has the right to provide upon admission, as well as the existence of an agreement on targeted training with organizations specified in Part 1 of Article 71.1 of this Federal Law.
(see text in the previous edition)
5. Receiving secondary vocational education under training programs for mid-level specialists for the first time by persons who have a diploma of secondary vocational education with the qualification of a qualified worker or employee does not constitute obtaining a second or subsequent secondary vocational education again.
6. Students in educational programs of secondary vocational education who do not have secondary general education have the right to undergo state final certification, which completes the development of educational programs of secondary general education and upon successful completion of which they are issued a certificate of secondary general education. These students undergo state final certification free of charge.
Vocational and technical education is carried out on the basis of general basic and general secondary education. There is a column about secondary specialized education, and there is about vocational education. Currently, secondary vocational education can be obtained in technical schools and colleges (Secondary specialized educational institutions).
In post-Soviet times, some technical schools were renamed colleges. In some cases and in accordance with the procedure provided for by law, persons who do not have a general basic education are allowed to receive vocational education.
Higher colleges provide specialized secondary education, integrated with higher education, and in individual specialties - higher education first stage. Education in institutions providing secondary specialized education is carried out in full-time (day and evening) and correspondence forms.
Secondary specialized education in the Republic of Belarus
There is a stereotype - college is perceived as a lower level of education than university. This is a fundamentally incorrect judgment. The difference between vocational education and training is that it provides professional knowledge, while university education is aimed at scientific and theoretical training. Employers prefer college graduates over graduates. In addition, 70% of college graduates continue their specialized studies in higher education institutions in courses with accelerated program preparation."
In accordance with the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), UNESCO vocational education is equated to practice-oriented education. Average professional school trains specialists in more than 280 specialties, and also ensures an increase in the educational and cultural level of citizens.
Here recently, on October 1, a quest tour for journalists “Routes of Professional Success” was held in Moscow, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the vocational education system. So...They all really liked it, many even changed their attitude towards vocational education. In a loose translation, it can also be translated as “hostel”. This refers, of course, to the cohabitation of teachers and students.
What kind of education do you receive in college and technical school?
Those secondary specialized educational institutions, which in Soviet times were called technical schools, were simply renamed colleges out of the eternal Russian kowtowing to the West. The fact that the technical school became a college did not change anything either in the institution itself or in the educational process.
I conclude incl. agreements with account institutions - often students do not pay attention to their full name. Secondary specialized or vocational school is after 8-9 grade of vocational school (vocational technical school), i.e. completion of education up to 10-11 grades of general education subjects + career guidance. In the USSR and a number of other socialist countries, social systems. O. - organic part of the system public education(See Public Education), one of the main ways to implement universal secondary education.
Elective courses (See Elective course) are becoming widespread (in art schools - and individual ones), in evening departments and in groups at the base high school- seminars. Educational plans provide for continuity and close relationship between theoretical and practical classes throughout the entire period of study.
Secondary specialized education is:
In the system of S. s. O. (1975) more than 300 thousand teachers work. Moscow Cooperative Institute) - special pedagogical faculties that train teachers for technical schools and colleges. The training of specialists is planned in accordance with the needs of sectors of the national economy (for the Union republics and the country as a whole). Over the years Soviet power in the system of S. s. O. Over 20 million specialists have been trained. In other socialist countries there are government systems S. s. o., meeting national characteristics and requirements of the national economy.
Organized by S. s. O. in developing countries in Asia and Africa. In Algeria, for example, oil, metallurgical and textile technical schools created with the help of the USSR are successfully operating. In Afghanistan, oil and road technical schools were built according to projects developed in the USSR. S.'s systems are varied. O. in capitalist countries. In France, technical lyceums train technicians and technicians with the title of Bachelor, who have the legal right to continue their education at a higher educational institution.
Colleges accept persons who have a general secondary education of 12 grades. Students can optionally choose a program that corresponds to the junior years of higher education. educational institution. In many colleges you can additionally study various major disciplines in the evenings (for a special fee) and acquire some practical skills in laboratories and classrooms. Special education- a set of systematized knowledge and practical skills necessary to perform qualified work in a specialty (See Specialty).
Education in Georgia is under the control of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Georgia. Education - This term has other meanings, see Education (meanings). P.-t. O. - an organic part of the public education system (See Public education).
The list of specialties of secondary vocational education was approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated April 12, 2005 No. 112 (as amended on May 18, 2006). Secondary vocational education occupies a significant place in meeting the educational needs of the individual and society.