Juicy, sweet, with delicate taste plum is one of the most popular fruits growing in summer cottages. You can eat it freshly picked, cook from it fragrant jam, compotes and other preparations. At the same time, plants often become a real decoration of the garden - the plum blossoms very beautifully in late spring, and its trees are lush and can easily create a nice and cozy corner for relaxation in the garden.
Plum is a genus perennial shrubs and trees that belong to the Rosaceae family. It brings together more than 250 plant species. Thanks to selection, varieties have been developed from some species that are now grown in dachas. They differ in the color and size of the fruit, ripening time, and sometimes in taste. The most popular are the following:
| Variety | Image | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Large, dense, purple-red fruits. Early variety | ||
| The fruits are juicy, with a rich sweet peach flavor, round in shape and bright yellow in color. This early ripening variety is recognized as one of the best producing yellow fruits | ||
| Early ripening, winter-hardy and high-yielding variety. The tree produces large, dark purple, oval-shaped drupes, ideal for homemade preparations, since the stone is very easy to separate from the pulp. | ||
| It fully lives up to its name, since it bears fruit within a couple of years after planting, and they ripen at the very beginning of the warm season. Plums are reddish, large, juicy | ||
| The fruits are juicy, heart-shaped, and have a rich dark red color. Mid-season, very sweet plum variety | ||
| An interesting mid-season variety that produces tasty medium-sized red fruits | ||
| A late variety that takes a very long time to prepare for the fruiting period after planting. The fruits are large, yellow, with excellent taste | ||
| A high-yielding, frost-resistant plum variety with yellow fruits that produces small but very tasty fruits |
Types of plums that summer residents cultivate on their garden plots, there are a great many. But they have a lot in common:
- fruit - drupe;
- pink or white flowers are collected in inflorescences or solitary;
- leaves are lanceolate, toothed.
Plums are cultivated almost throughout Russia, but in industrial scale it is rarely grown.
This plant is not highly resistant to low temperatures Therefore, during sudden and severe frosts, there is a high risk of losing every single tree and being left without a harvest at all.
We buy seedlings
It is best to buy plum tree seedlings in specialized nurseries for growing garden plants, since in spontaneous markets there is a high risk of running into a diseased tree or being deceived and buying the wrong variety that you would like. In nurseries, plums are most often sold on so-called seed rootstocks - these are rootstock plants sprouted from seeds, onto which a scion - another plant - is grafted. This is how we get the same tree that will later give us fruits. Trees grown from these seedlings begin to bear fruit early and abundantly.
You can also sometimes purchase your own rooted seedlings, that is, those grown from root shoots or cuttings. They are good because if the tree freezes, it can be restored, and it is also convenient to grow seedlings yourself.
It is best to choose plum seedlings that meet the following parameters:
| Parameter | Numeric value |
|---|---|
| Age | 1-2 years |
| Plant height | 110-140 cm |
| Barrel diameter | 1.1 to 1.3 cm |
| Trunk height before branching | 40-60 cm |
| Trunk diameter at 10 cm from the grafting site | 1.3-1.7 cm |
| Branch length | about 15-20 cm for a one-year-old and about 30 cm for a two-year-old |
| Root system | About 4 roots from 25 cm long |
Following this table, select correct seedlings plums will be more convenient.
Conditions for growing plums
After planting, a plum tree grows for about 7 years - during this time it bears little fruit. Then, at 12-15 years, the most productive period begins, when the plant will delight you every year a huge amount juicy plums. Then the tree begins to age, and gradually the yield decreases. These are average numbers, which largely depend on the plant variety. Before purchasing seedlings, you should create a plum tree optimal conditions existence - the speed of growth and development of the tree, the beginning of the fruiting period and productivity will largely depend on this.
Plum is a light-loving plant, so find a well-lit and sunny place on your site. If it is slightly shaded in the morning or evening time- It’s okay, it won’t harm the plum.
You should not plant a tree in a lowland - in spring or autumn cold air can accumulate there, which is detrimental to the plant. It is good if the plum grows in the area of a fence or house, where it will be protected from the winds.
The ideal place for plum growth is near a fence or house
Humidity is also a significant factor when growing plums. It does not tolerate drought well, but you should not plant it where the water in the soil stagnates. The soil must have good drainage and pH in the region of 6.5-7.2.
You cannot plant a plum near other trees - they will deprive it required quantity moisture
Planting plums in autumn
Plums are planted both in the spring, starting in mid-April, and in the autumn until mid-October. The main thing is that there are still at least 25 days left before the first frost. The technology for planting plums in autumn is as follows:
That's it, the plum tree is planted.
When tying a plant, do not use wire - it can damage the tree bark.
Video - How to plant a plum
Video - Planting a plum
Caring for a plum
Pruning of the plum tree is carried out annually, starting from the first year of life - thanks to this procedure, a neat and beautiful crown is formed. Old branches are also cut off - this is a health-improving pruning, which is done in April as needed.
It is important to thin out the fruits of a fruit-bearing tree by removing some of them. The remaining plums will be larger, tastier and juicier.
Since plum is a heat-loving plant, it needs to be well prepared for wintering. To do this, the plant is fed and the soil around it is well compacted. The tree trunk should be whitened with lime mortar both in autumn and winter - this will help it more easily withstand temperature changes and weather variability in spring- autumn period. Mortar Prepare this way: 3 kg of freshly slaked lime is mixed with 2 kg of clay and diluted in a bucket of water. Watering the plant also protects well from frost. To protect the plum from birds that can peck the buds, it is covered with a net for the winter.
There is no need to fertilize the plum tree for the first 2-3 years - the fertilizers applied during planting will suffice. But then you should regularly add both organic matter and mineral fertilizers to the soil around the trunk. In the spring, nitrogen-containing complexes can be added to the soil; from the middle of the season, nitrogen-potassium and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are applied. Before wintering, you can add some organic matter and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.
The ground around the trunk is periodically loosened and weeds removed. It is also important to periodically remove root growth, approximately 4-5 times during the summer. It appears at a distance of up to 3 meters from the mother tree. It is necessary to remove it, as the growth weakens mature tree and reduces productivity. The procedure is simple: the soil is dug up to the place where the shoot is connected to the main root, and it is torn off. If the growth is removed in this way, it will grow less frequently and more slowly.
Video - Preparing young trees for winter
Like any garden tree, plums have their own planting dates and requirements.
It is very important to take them into account, since the slightest error can deprive you of both the tree itself and the long-awaited harvest.
In this article we will describe all the features and schemes for planting a plum, tell you how to choose the right place for it and care for it throughout the entire growth period.
Preparing for planting: what to consider?
Garden trees are mainly bred by selection methods, as a result of crossing different ones. Not only the taste of the fruit depends on this, but also which region is most suitable for the tree, what its size is, resistance to frost and various pests.
Therefore, the most important stage of preparation is studying different varieties of plums, choosing those that you liked best and are suitable for your climatic region.
Choosing the right place for the plum
The second stage of preparing for planting a plum is choosing a place suitable for its growth. In particular, you should take into account the degree of illumination whether the tree will be shaded by other trees or buildings.
Even when planting a garden, it is important to take into account the distances between trees and know the size to which it can grow. If the plum falls into the shade, it will grow worse and its leaves may turn yellow. Also, very strong shading can cause a deterioration in the quality of the crop and the size of the fruit.
Also, plums really don't like winds, since they can simply blow away their flowering and deprive you of your harvest. Therefore, the terrain on which you are going to plant plums should be broadly undulating and have gentle slopes.
Thanks to this, the tree will be provided with good air drainage - cold air will not approach it, and it will not accumulate in one place. The area where there are many depressions and ravines is not suitable.
Selecting the soil
Better soil for plums are loess-like loams and sandy loams. It is very good if drained loams or layered sediments containing large quantity sandy loam.
The plum has a fairly large root system, which under no circumstances should be washed away by groundwater, although the plum is a very moisture-loving tree.
Thus, optimal level occurrence groundwater is 1.5 -2 meters. If they are higher - the best option are special drainage grooves, which are dug next to the garden. All unnecessary excess water will drain into them.
You should not even think about planting plum trees on peaty and swampy soils, or where sand or clay-sandy moraine lies at a depth of less than a meter.
It is also important to know that after uprooting the plum garden is worth wait at least 4-5 years before laying a new one in the same place. After all, previous trees have already pulled out from the soil all the substances most necessary for plums, so it will be difficult for a young tree to take root in the same place.
Rules for preparing soil for planting seedlings
Before planting a plum orchard, the soil is dug up very well so that it is saturated with a sufficient amount of air.
Until this moment, they should not grow on the site. big trees, after which there will be few nutrients left for the plum.
Planting a plum seedling
Most plums are medium or tall trees that take up quite a lot of garden space. That's why, consider you need not only where to plant the tree, but also how far should you retreat? from other garden favorites.
Plum orchard planting plan
The distance between the drains should be such that they do not shade each other and practically do not reach one tree with branches. This will not only allow them to get plenty of sunlight, but will also not make it difficult for them to move around the garden and harvest.
So, if the plums are medium-sized, then the distance between trees of the same row should be at least 2 meters. If the trees are vigorous, then it should be increased to 3 meters. Row spacing between medium-sized plums must be at least 4 meters, and for vigorous growers this distance increases to 4.5 meters.
The most important thing to remember when planting a garden is that with a large number of trees on your site you will not achieve abundant harvests, even if you regularly fertilize the soil. After all, trees need not only nutrients and sunlight, but also space for their root system.
Plum planting dates
More often plum planting is carried out in the spring. In more northern regions, autumn is also suitable. However, in the fall there is a big risk that young tree will not have time to get accustomed to new soil and for this reason it will simply freeze in winter.
Spring planting is carried out already on the 5th day after the soil for planting plums has completely thawed from frost. The period for planting is not very long, only 10-15 days.
If you plant a tree later, it may be less accepted or damaged by high temperatures and oversaturation of moisture. Also, if you transplant a seedling into a more late dates, it will have time to bloom in the same place of growth and will not take root well in this state in the new one.
Preparing the hole for planting
The hole is being dug prematurely, approximately 2-3 weeks before planting. This is done in order to fill the bottom with a mixture of organic fertilizers and fertile soil in advance and so that it has time to settle before the time of direct planting of the seedling.
For the same reason, the hole should be deep enough, about 60 centimeters. Its diameter should be the same.
When you dig a hole, it is recommended to immediately dig a stake into it, to which you will later tie the seedling. It is worth considering that the distance between it and the tree should be at least 15 centimeters. The stake should be located north of the seedling.
Basic requirements for direct landing
When starting to plant a seedling, it is important to consider the following very important requirements:
- The root collar of the tree must remain approximately 2-5 centimeters above the soil surface. Later, with subsidence of the soil, it will sink a little more on its own. However, you should not overdo it with lifting the seedling above the soil surface, as there is a risk of the roots being washed out and drying out.
- You need to bury the seedling only with soil, without the admixture of various fertilizers. After filling the seedling, the soil around it must be compacted very well so that no air remains near the roots (it can cause the horse system to dry out).
- From the soil that was dug out from the very bottom of the hole, a small mound is made around the tree, which will facilitate excellent water absorption by the seedling.
Care after landing
Thus, immediately after you have planted seedling, his definitely needs to be watered. At the same time, even if the soil is moist after the snow melts, watering should be mandatory, it is only possible to use less water.
The required amount of water per tree should be at least 3 buckets. Since plums love moisture very much, watering can be repeated after 2 weeks. Also, the soil around the trunk should be mulched with peat or humus, which will help retain moisture for a longer time.
Basic rules for caring for plums
The plum tree and the garden in general do not require much attention and care when compared to other fruit trees. But still, in order to obtain regular and abundant harvests, it is necessary not only to fertilize the tree, but also to build the correct scheme for protecting the tree from various pests.
How to prevent the damage of plums by diseases and pests in time?
First, you need to find out what diseases the variety that you planted on your site is least resistant to and what pests can harm it. In the process of dew, the tree stands carry out periodic inspections of the garden, taking into account exactly what pests appear on your trees.
The simplest and most a reliable means of combating with pests and fungal diseases is pruning and burning damaged branches. You also need to burn all the leaves and damaged fruits that have fallen from the plum. In the spring, even before the onset of stable high temperatures(up to 10 degrees Celsius), insects that try to take root on the plum should simply be shaken off and destroyed.
Of course more effective means warnings various diseases and wood damage by pests are treated with chemicals.
If your tree is affected by scale insects or false scale insects, even before the tree buds swell and before the air temperature rises to +5ºС, the tree should be treated with nitrophen, with a concentration of 3%. This way, you can still destroy ticks and aphids that are still in a dormant winter state.
in spring, when the plum has already blossomed, her treated with Bordeaux acid 1% concentration. Bordeaux acid can be replaced with polycarbocin at 4% concentration. If the latter is used, spraying should be repeated after the plum blossoms.
To combat caterpillars that infect plum leaves, after the flowering period the tree is treated with drugs such as dendrobacillin, entobacterin (1% concentration). It is worth considering that the treatment of plums with these preparations should be carried out at a temperature not lower than 15ºС.
They fight against aphids using a drug such as karbofos. Its concentration during processing should be no more than 0.2%.
To combat plum moth First, you need to hang a pheromone trap on a tree. If you notice that a codling moth is caught in it, then you need to hang pheromone rings all over the tree. Also, Plums are processed using 0.2% karbofos.
Pruning and crown formation
When buying a seedling, all its shoots are usually very different from each other: some can be very developed and surpass the main conductor in growth, others, on the contrary, only move 10 centimeters away from the trunk.
Also, a young plum tree can grow a lot of completely unnecessary branches, which only interfere with each other and shade their own fruits. In order for the plum to be beautiful, bear fruit well and not create difficulties when picking fruits, it is very important form regularly her crown.
The first plum pruning is carried out immediately after planting the seedling on permanent place growth. In this case, the branches are not just shortened, it is important to choose the smoothest and strongest ones, forming several tiers of them, 4-6 branches in each
In addition, it is worth choosing the main conductor and trimming it so that it remains longer than all other branches. Each subsequent tier, which goes below the conductor, should be shorter than the one that goes below him. That is, the longest branches should be on the lowest tier.
When choosing the branches that you want to leave for growth, keep in mind that they must extend from the main trunk at an angle of at least 40 degrees, otherwise they will break off from the harvest.
The distance between tiers should be approximately 40-60 centimeters, depending on the height of the tree itself. Also, the number of branches with each subsequent tier, starting from the bottom, should decrease.
Subsequent pruning will be aimed at maintaining the shape of the crown and removing competitors to the main conductor and main branches.
Also, it is important to apply a differentiated system to the plum tree, cutting off the branches of a tree with strong bud awakening by only a quarter; if the awakening is average, annual branches are cut off by a third of their length, and for branches with very weak bud awakening, we cut the branch in half.
This will allow even a small number of buds to actively develop.
Trimming mature fruit trees aimed at removing damaged and broken branches and branches and for crown thinning (if necessary). After pruning, the branches are burned.
Fertilizer requirements for plum trees
Plum does not really like frequent and abundant fertilizers. In addition to the fact that directly during planting the soil is mixed with organic fertilizers, in the first years of growth the tree does not need to be revived.
Further, every 2-3 years during the late the soil around the tree is fertilized with humus, mixed with superphosphate and potassium sulfate. For 1 m2 you need to use half a bucket of compost, 50 grams of superphosphate and only 20 grams of potassium sulfate.
In spring, it is good to fertilize the tree with ammonium nitrate, the required amount of which per 1 m2 is only 20 grams (it is convenient to dilute it with water and apply it to the soil as an irrigation).
Don't forget about watering
Watering plums should be regular, since water not only nourishes the tree, but also affects the quality of the fruit. The first watering should be 1.5-2 weeks before the tree begins to bloom, and will be repeated after the same amount of time has passed after the tree has flowered.
During dry summers, the tree should be watered at the end of each summer month. in August and September, the tree also needs abundant watering, which improves the quality of the tree's fruits.
It is important to consider that watering the plum must be regular and consistent weather conditions and soil moisture. Otherwise, you may cause cracking of the fruits or yellowing of the leaves of the plum tree.
Preparing plums for winter
Young seedlings and one- and two-year-old plum trees are most afraid of winter and its frosts. Therefore, they should be very carefully prepared for winter.
Firstly, costs good dig up the soil around the tree so that it contains enough oxygen for the plum.
Secondly, the crowns of young trees, in addition to being tied to a strong stake, should be tied into one broom - this will make it easier for them to withstand the winds.
Plum is a very common fruit tree that provides us with tasty, nutritious and healthy fruits. Yes, yes, fruits, although some people mistakenly call them berries. There are several varieties of these trees - Chinese plum, damson plum or prickly plum, home plum.
It is the home plum that takes place of honor In our gardens, damsons can also be found, but not in all summer cottages. Preference is given to the domestic plum for its soft, sweet, juicy fruits, recognizable pleasant aroma. Children love it very much, it is suitable for use in fresh, for preservation, drying and freezing. From home plum for a long time in our country they grew only blue varieties, but science does not stand still; breeders have developed new varieties, including yellow ones.
Caring for the yellow plum is basically the same as its blue cousin. There are slight differences depending on the variety. The most common varieties of yellow plum in Russia are White Honey, Stakhanovka, Ochakovskaya Yellow, Altai Yubileinyaya (with a red blush), Renklod Yellow, Morning. Plum is a self-fertile plant; it is rare to find a variety that bears fruit in single plantings. Therefore, you need to plant several trees at once, at least two; you can combine planting yellow and blue plums.
Reproduction and planting of yellow plum in open ground
Plums are rarely propagated by seeds or seeds, since such seedlings most likely will not reproduce the qualities of the varietal mother tree, but will grow wild. It is possible that they will be tasty, but this does not always happen. To be completely confident in growing a varietal tree, you need to use vegetative propagation, that is, using cuttings or grafting. If you like your neighbors' yellow plum, you can ask them for a cutting or root shoot. If possible, purchase zoned varietal seedlings in nurseries and garden centers, they are sold there in plastic containers or with a lump of earth in bags. Buying seedlings secondhand and at markets is risky.
It is best to plant a yellow plum seedling with an open root system in a permanent place in early spring, when the buds have not yet blossomed, but the earth has warmed up for digging a hole. It is allowed to plant young trees in the fall, but not too late - until October; later it is better to dig it in until spring. Plants with a closed root system (in pots) can be planted throughout the entire gardening period, but preferably not in sunny, hot weather. In this case, you need to create shading and abundant watering.
You need to plant plums on sunny area, at a distance of 3 m from each other. The soil must be fertile and loose. In an area with poor soil, they dig under a plum tree. big hole, cover it with soil with compost and humus, river sand and combined fertilizer. Acidic soil is neutralized with ash or dolomite flour. The roots of the seedling tied to the stake are carefully covered with earth and watered abundantly with water (4 buckets), and the soil is mulched with peat or humus.
Yellow plum care
In the first years, the plum tree needs formative pruning, since its side branches grow very quickly and outstrip the top in growth. About 10 strong skeletal branches are left on the tree, and shoots that grow inside the crown and greatly thicken it are cut out. During next years the tree needs sanitary pruning of frozen, broken, dry branches or their tips. In years of abundant harvest, supports are placed under heavy branches to prevent them from breaking off. Unnecessary root growth cut out, or better yet, dug up.
There is no need to fertilize the yellow plum in the first year of planting; the nutrients from the planting hole are sufficient. In subsequent years, nitrogen fertilizers are applied during digging in the spring, and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are applied in the fall. If there is no rain and the soil is dry, then you should water the trees generously - 5 buckets per plant, especially during fruiting. Excessive humidity leads to the development of fungal diseases.
It's no secret that plums began to be grown on their plots even before the beginning of our era. It is difficult to find a person who does not like these tasty and attractive berries. Plums can be used anywhere, they make simply excellent compotes, preserves, jams and sauces, and they can also be dried. And those who have their own plot and grow plums on it are considered lucky, because growing a plum does not require a lot of effort. But nowadays there are a lot of varieties and you can choose any of them. Exactly the one that is suitable for your region. And if you decide to plant on your summer cottage plum, then you should take a closer look at our publication, which will allow you to do the correct process of planting plums.
Variety of plum types
Plum is a popular berry in our country. And therefore, especially for central Russia, delicious varieties were bred, which are worth mentioning in our publication.
So, thanks to the efforts of breeders, new varieties appear almost every year. Of course, we won’t be able to talk about everyone, because the list is quite large. Currently, approximately 300 of the most popular varieties of plums are planted on their plots. The planting process for regions such as the Urals, Siberia, and central Russia is the same. But the main difference is the choice of the most suitable variety for a particular region. Plum varieties can be grouped according to similar indicators:
Egg plum. The appearance fully corresponds to its name. The berries are quite large, oval in shape, and the indentation characteristic of plums is almost invisible. Varieties of this species are classified according to color: blue, yellow, red. Perfect for twisting and eating fresh.
Hungarian. Did you know that Hungarian has united a large group of plums. But they are similar to each other dark color fruits, their flesh is dense and has a noticeable seam. The tree itself grows large, and the crown is semi-spreading. The very first variety of Hungarian is considered to be Italian. The fruits are dark in color and ovoid in shape. The pulp itself is yellow-green in color and not very aromatic. This variety tolerates transportation well, which is why it is known almost all over the world. Also very popular are varieties such as Hungarian vulgaris, Azhanskaya, Moscow and Zimnitsa.
Greengage. This variety is considered a subspecies of domestic plum. The trees reach a height of almost seven meters and have a non-standard crown shape. The plum itself is approximately five centimeters in diameter, and the fruits of the tree are round or ovoid. Varieties differ from each other color scheme. There are greenish, red-yellow, or a little blue. The plum pulp is juicy and soft. But you won’t be able to transport and store these plums, and if you still need to transport them somewhere, then pick them a little unripe. One of popular varieties Karbysheva, Altana, and collective farm farms are considered.
Varieties Mirabelle. The berries of this variety are not large in size, the color is closer to golden and have a spherical shape. This variety comes from Asia Minor, but currently it is also found in Europe, and most of it is in France. This type feels just as good in middle lane Russia. The most famous varieties are Bolshaya, Malaya, Bona, Nancy, September.
Damsons. This small sizes bush or tree. Ternosliv is a subspecies of domestic plum. It is resistant to changes in weather conditions and adverse environment. Very easy to care for.
Canadian plum. Truly an amazing variety. This variety can withstand frosts up to 50 degrees. And thanks to this, this variety also grows in Siberia. But, as always, there is one drawback - these are cross-pollinated trees, which means that several trees need to be planted. From one tree you can collect up to 70 kilograms of plums. Famous varieties: De Soto, Terry, Tecumsech, Nansa.
Choosing the right landing site
In order for the plum to bear fruit well every year, special planting and high-quality care will be required. First of all, you need to find a comfortable place for the plum to grow further. Gentle slopes on the south, southwest and west sides are ideal for planting plums. Experts advise planting plum seedlings in very warm places, and where the soil breathes well. If you want to plant a tree in a lowland or near a fence, then you still need to make at least some kind of elevation. The dimensions of the hill are up to 50 centimeters high and up to two meters wide. Plum loves gray forest, loamy and black soil. The presence of moisture and air is required. When planting several trees, you should pay attention to the subtleties of each variety. Approximately they need to be planted according to this example: four trees by two meters.
When to plant plums in spring or autumn
If you cannot decide on planting a plum, if you do not know whether to choose autumn or spring for this case, then when answering these questions you will not hear a definite answer. Some amateur gardeners claim that they need to plant in the spring, while others say that any time of the year is suitable. You can buy seedlings in the fall (again, depending on the region of the country), but it is preferable to plant them in the spring. Just in time for spring, the seedlings will have time to get stronger and form a root system (this applies to the Moscow region and southern regions Russia). The most favorable month for planting plums is April. But again, keep an eye on the soil to ensure it warms up and thaws after winter. In Siberia this is the third ten days of April.
Preparing the landing hole
Plum is unpretentious plant. But here it is important to know how to plant and how to care for it in order to pick delicious fruits from the branches of this tree. The process of preparing the planting hole can begin in the fall or spring a few weeks before planting. Dimensions of the planting hole: depth 60 centimeters and circumference 60-70 centimeters. Mix the soil from the pit with humus in a 2:1 ratio. An additive is also possible mineral fertilizers. If you plant plums in the spring, you need to dig, only shallowly, after the soil has dried out. During the growth period of the seedling, it is worth tying it up for about a year and a half. This is done in order to root system strengthened.
Main nuances
Regardless of whether you plant plums in spring or autumn, you need to do this wisely and correctly. We plant the seedling so that its root collar is six centimeters above the soil surface. Over time, the earth will settle and it will be in its place. If you do not follow this rule, the bark may rot, which in turn will negatively affect the fruiting and growth of the plum. And one more thing, don’t overdo it with fertilizers. Follow this rule: better less than more. Do not fertilize with manure, only compost and humus. If you overdo it, then in the worst case the plant will get a root burn.
Watering process
Whether you plant in spring or fall, be sure to water well. You will need two buckets per seedling. After which you mulch the soil. Plum loves water very much, so when there is little rain, water it more often. The very first watering is carried out in the middle of May, then when flowering has passed, the third watering is in July, when the fruits begin to fill, and the fourth falls in the autumn, in October. The number of buckets of water depends on the age of the plum (minimum three, maximum eight). And be sure to loosen the soil after watering.
Fertilizer process
During the life of the plum, it should be fertilized. The very first fertilization process is carried out in the third year from the moment of planting. Humus and compost, wood ash are suitable as fertilizers at the rate of 200 grams per 1 sq.m. When the active growing season begins, mineral complex fertilizers are added. Due to this, the growth of new shoots and leaves accelerates at the beginning of spring. And if you apply fertilizer at the beginning of summer, it has a beneficial effect on the development of fruits. Nitrogen-quality fertilizers are applied in liquid formulations. Phosphorus or potassium are added directly to the soil in the fall. Lime is quite useful - fluff lime (at the rate of 1 sq.m. per 50-100 grams).
The process of pruning home plum
We talked above about how plum trees should be planted and cared for. But it is worth saying that pruning is also required here. Indeed, a plum requires not only watering and fertilizing, it must be periodically pruned, thereby forming a beautiful crown. It is preferable to carry out this process in the spring before sap flow begins. And the air temperature should be at the same level, without any sharp fluctuations. In the case of spruce, you do the process of pruning the plum in the summer, then choose the first half so that the wounds on the plum heal before the onset of winter. But you shouldn’t prune in the fall, because cold weather is just around the corner. So that you can succeed beautiful tree it is worth shaping it when you planted the seedlings, because young trees grow very quickly. Older trees are pruned to rejuvenate the tree, and unnecessary dried branches are removed. If plum belongs to fast growing varieties, then it is better to cut the branches by 1/3. We recommend that, before starting the process of pruning plums, you read the relevant literature and consult with experts in this field.
Root removal process
This procedure also needs to be carried out during the growth process of the plum. Feel free to cut and remove unwanted shoots coming from the measles system. They simply prevent the tree from developing further. If you notice growth from the roots, this is already a small signal that there are problems. You can destroy it and chemical method. But we recommend a simple method - the pruning method. Don't cut them at soil level; this will allow them to grow even more. Find the root system of these shoots and cut them there. And simply fill the resulting holes with earth.