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THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW

COMPLEX OF ARCHITECTURE, CONSTRUCTION,
CITY DEVELOPMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION

STATE UNITARY ENTERPRISE
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
MOSCOW CONSTRUCTION

"NIIMOSSTROY"

When developing the TR, information and technical materials from the company "Aquatherm" (Aquatherm - Germany) were used for polypropylene PP-R80, filled with glass fiber "GF" (brand name "fusiolen") and made from combined pipes (brand name "Faser" , as well as combined pipes with a layer of aluminum foil PP-R80-A1 (trade name "fusioterm-stabi" (fusioterm-stabi)).

When developing the TR, the results of research on the long-term strength of combined Fazer pipes and the results of pipe tests carried out at NIISantekhniki and ZAO Zavod AND Gaztrubplast were taken into account. The Fazer pipes have a hygienic certificate No. 77.9.6.515.P.2164.4.99 (valid until April 23, 2002) and a certificate of conformity in the GOST system No. ROSS DE.AYU85.N00120 (valid until October 10, 2003).

Combined pipes PP-R80-GF are recommended for use in internal systems ah cold and hot water supply to buildings and cold supply systems during the construction of artificial skating rinks and ice tracks; PP-R80-A1 - water heating systems for buildings (with heating devices and floor).

Participating in the development of the TR were: Ph.D. A.V. Sladkov, Ph.D. Vlasov G.S.

1. GENERAL PART

1.1. These technical recommendations apply to the experimental construction of internal cold and hot water supply systems (temperature no more than 75 °C) and heating (temperature no more than 90 °C) of residential and civil buildings in Moscow from pressure combined polypropylene pipes: “Phaser” (hereinafter referred to as “PP-R80-GF” pipes) and “fusiotherm-stabi” (hereinafter referred to as “PP-R80-AI” pipes) are a development of industry standards VSN 47-96 and VSN 69-97.

1.2. In accordance with SNiP 2.04.01-85 (change No. 2), PP-R80-GF pipes should be used for all water supply systems of buildings (except for a separate fire-fighting water supply network) subject to hidden installation in baseboards, grooves, shafts, package shafts and channels (except for connections to sanitary fixtures).

1.3. Open installation of water pipes from PP-R80-GF pipes is allowed in production and warehouse premises, as well as in technical floors, attics and basements, in places where their mechanical damage is prevented.

1.4. It is allowed to use PP-R80-GF pipes for trial installation of cold duct systems, artificial skating rinks, and ice tracks constructed in enclosed spaces.

1.5. PP-R80-AI pipes should be used taking into account general requirements SNiP 2.04.05-91 (change No. 2) for heating systems, mainly by hidden installation in baseboards, behind screens, in grooves, shafts, channels.

It is not allowed to lay PP-R80-AI pipes in fire hazard category "G" rooms.

1.7. For heating systems of buildings in Moscow, it is recommended to use PP-R80-AI pipes, the range, standard sizes and weight of which are given in table. 2.

1.8. The main physical and mechanical properties of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes are given in table. 3

1.9. Complete with PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes and must be supplied with PP-R80 connecting parts under resistance welding socket, combined connecting parts with embedded threaded inserts made of galvanized brass and threaded parts made of brass.

The specified connecting parts must be designed for a nominal pressure of 2.5 MPa.

table 2

Range and weight of pipes PP-R80-AI

Outer diameter, mm	Wall thickness, mm		Weight 1 m, kg
		inner layer made of PP-R80

Note: PP-R80-AI pipes with a diameter of 16 mm are supplied in coils, with a diameter of 20 mm or more - in lengths of 4 m.

Table 3

Basic physical and mechanical properties of PP-R80-GF pipes and PP-R80-AI pipes

	Property indicators	Unit	Normalized value of the indicator	Notes, reference indicators
	Tensile yield strength, not less			Thermal conductivity coefficient at 20 °C for PP-R80-GF pipes is -0.15 W/m °C; for PP-R80-AI pipes - 0.24 W/m °C
	Elongation at break, not less			Linear thermal expansion coefficient: for PP-R80-GF pipes - 0.35·10 -4 1/°C; for pipes PP-R80-AI - 0.3?10 -4 1/°С
	Impact resistance during double-support bending at a temperature of 0 °C (proportion of destroyed samples), no more
	Resistance of PP-R80-GF pipes at constant internal pressure (assembled with welding connecting parts, control test time (without destruction) is not less than at:			Equivalent uniform-grain roughness coefficient - 0.0106 mm Elastic modulus at 20 °C of PP-R80-GF pipes - 1200* N/mm 2
	Temperature 20 °C, test pressure 5 N/mm 2
	Temperature 95 °C, test pressure:
	Resistance of PP-R80-AI pipes at constant internal pressure (assembled with welding connecting parts), control test time (without destruction) is not less than:			Modulus of elasticity of pipes PP-R80-AI - 800* N/mm 2
	At a temperature of 20 °C and an initial stress in the inner layer of the pipe wall PP-R80-AI 16 N/mm 2;
	The same at a temperature of 95 °C and voltage: 4.5 N/mm 2
	Melt Flow Rate PP-R80

*Note: Standards must be clarified based on test results

A list of possible connecting parts and elements is given in Appendix 1.

2. DESIGN OF PIPELINE SYSTEMS FROM COMBINED POLYPROPYLENE PIPES

2.1. When designing internal cold and hot water from PP-R80-GF pipes, one should be guided by the general requirements of SNiP 2.04.01-85 (as amended No. 1 and No. 2), SP 40-102-2000, SP 40-101-96 and VSN 47-96.

2.2. PP-R80-GF pipes designed for maximum continuous operating pressure 2.0 MPa at 20 °C (MOP 2.0 or PN 20), classified according to DIN 8077 as series 3.2 with a standard SDR ratio of 7.4, recommended for water supply cold water at a maximum operating pressure of 24 MPa (with a service life of 50 years), for hot water supply at a temperature of 75 ° C and a maximum operating pressure of 0.65 MPa (with a service life of 25 years).

Note: During pilot construction of cold pipelines, it is allowed to use PP-R80-GF pipes with a nominal outer diameter of 32 mm and a nominal wall thickness of 4.4 mm for transporting ethylene glycol at temperatures up to minus 18 °C with a maximum operating pressure of up to 0.4 MPa.

2.3. When designing cold and hot water distribution pipelines from PP-R80-GF pipes in apartments, their connections to risers should be made through water meters (according to VSN 8-94) and pressure regulators.

2.4. When designing water heating systems for buildings made from PP-R80-AI pipes, one should be guided by the general requirements of SNiP 2.04.05-91 (as amended No. 1 and No. 2), SP 41-102-98 and VSN 69-97.

2.5. PP-R80-AI pipes, designed for a maximum continuous operating pressure of 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 20 °C (MOP 2.0 or PN 20), classified according to DIN 8077 as series 2.5 with a standard SDR ratio of 6, recommended for use in water heating systems at temperatures up to 90 °C, maximum operating pressure 0.7 MPa (with a service life of 25 years).

With horizontal two-pipe inserts for a group of parallel-series connected heating devices;

With horizontal single-pipe inserts for a group of heating devices connected in series.

2.7. Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply from pipes PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI should be carried out according to the methods of SP 40-102-2000, VSN 47-96, SP 41-102-98 and VSN 69-97, respectively.

2.8. Determinations of specific pressure losses along the length of pipes made of PP-R80-GF and water flow speed depending on the flow rate should be made according to the tables in Appendix 2 (cold water supply - Table 2.1., Hot water and heating supply - Tables 2.2. and 2.3. , calculated using a computer program, Ph.D. Dobromyslova A.Ya. - Lymareva A.Yu.

Notes: 1) Determination of pressure loss along the length of PP-pipesR80-AI and coolant flow rates in heating pipelines are recommended to be approximated according to table. 2.2, appendices 2.

2) Determination of specific pressure loss along the length of PP-pipesR80-GF and the coolant flow rate depending on the flow rate are recommended to be carried out approximately according to the table. 2.4., appendices 2.

2.9. Pressure losses in local resistances should be determined using the formula:

where x is the coefficient local resistance; V is the average speed in the section of the pipeline located downstream behind a given resistance (m/s).

The local resistance coefficient should be taken approximately as shown in the table. 4.

Table 4

Local resistance coefficient of PP-R80 connecting parts for piping systems made of PP-R80-GF pipes and PP-R80-AI pipes

Type of parts	Schematic representation of parts*	Meaning
Welding coupling
Transition to welding
For one diameter
For two diameters
90° elbow for welding
Equal bore tee for welding
Multi-bore tee for welding (one diameter)
90° elbow for welding with transition to thread
Welding tee with transition to thread
Coupling with transition to thread

2.10. When performing thermal engineering calculations of pipelines for heating systems made from PP-R80-AI pipes, it is recommended to determine the linear heat flow densities of openly laid horizontal and vertical pipes approximately according to VSN 69-97.

2.11. When designing an internal hot water pipeline from PP-R80-GF pipes and heating systems from PP-R80-A1 pipes, compensation for linear temperature deformations of pipelines should be provided with L-Z- and U-shaped compensators in combination with the arrangement of sliding and fixed supports (Fig. . 1.).

Note: When designing experimental refrigeration systems embedded in concrete using PP-R80-GF pipes, compensation for temperature deformations is not provided.

2.12. It is recommended to calculate linear temperature deformations?l (mm) of pipelines made of combined polypropylene pipes using the formula:

where a is the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, accepted for PP-R80-GF pipes - 0.035, for PP-R80-AI pipes - 0.03 mm/m °C

l is the length of the pipeline between fixed supports, m; ?t is the difference in water temperature in the pipeline during operation and air temperature during pipeline installation, °C.

where K is const, used for PP-R80-AI 15 pipes; for pipes PP-R80-GF 12.

Note: When using prestress?l It is recommended to reduce it by 2 times.

2.14. The minimum width of the U-shaped compensator in k (mm) is recommended to be determined by the formula:

Note: The value in k must be at least 210 mm.

2.15. The distance between sliding supports on a horizontal pipeline made of combined polypropylene pipes should be taken according to table. 5.

Rice. 1. Diagrams of expansion joints on water pipelines made from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes

a) L-shaped; b) Z-shaped; c) U-shaped

1 - pipe made of PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI; 2 - square made of PP-R80; 3 - sliding support

Table 5

Distance between sliding supports on a horizontal pipeline made of combined polypropylene pipes (dimensions in mm)

Pipe outer diameter	Cold water pipeline		Hot water pipeline (at?t = 70?C)

2.16. The distance between sliding supports on vertical sections of water pipelines should be taken 10% greater than the values ​​in Table 5.

2.17. Shut-off and water outlet valves should be independently and rigidly fixed to building structures.

2.18. The passage of pipelines made of combined polypropylene pipes through building construction should be performed using sleeves made of metal or plastic.

When pipeline risers cross floors, a sleeve made of steel pipe should be provided, protruding above the floor to a height of at least 50 mm.

2.19. Cold and hot water pipelines from PP-R80-GF pipes, cooling supply pipelines, where required by the project, as well as heating system pipelines from PP-R80-AI pipes, where required by the project, must be thermally insulated. The material, type and thickness of thermal insulation are established by the project (focusing on foam rubber or polyethylene foam) taking into account the requirements of SNiP 2.04.14-88* and SP 41-103-2000.

2.20. When designing experimental systems of cold pipes embedded in concrete from PP-R80-GF pipes, it is recommended to determine the optimal distance between cold pipes using a special thermal engineering calculation.

3. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI PIPES AND PP-R80 PARTS

3.1. PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and PP-R80 fittings should be stored indoors or under a shelter to protect from sunlight.

3.2. Pipes PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI should be stored in stacks up to 1.5 m high, excluding the possibility of bending along their entire length. In this case, the connecting parts must be stored in containers.

Notes: 1. Pipes are not allowed to be stored PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI and connecting parts made of PP-R80 at a distance closer than 1 m from heating devices with a surface temperature of 140 °C or more.

2. It is prohibited to carry out electric and gas welding work in the immediate vicinity of PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and parts made of PP-R80.

3.3. Transportation of PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and parts from PP-R80, as well as loading and unloading operations, should be carried out at a temperature not lower than minus 10 ° C.

In this case, it is prohibited to dump PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and PP-R80 parts from Vehicle, because they should be protected from impacts and mechanical damage.

Note: It is allowed to transport PP-R80- pipesGF, PP-R80-AI at temperatures below -10 °C, provided they are packaged in bags or containers.

3.4. Packages with pipes PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI and coils of the last pipes with a diameter of 16 mm and parts from PP-R80 should be kept in a room with a positive temperature for at least 3 hours before unpacking.

4. INSTALLATION OF PIPELINES FROM COMBINED POLYPROPYLENE PIPES

4.1. Installation of water pipelines from PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and parts from PP-R80 should be carried out taking into account the general requirements of SNiP 2.05.01-85, SNiP 2.04.05-91, SNiP 3.02.01-85 (with changes .), SP 40-101-96 and SP 40-102-2000.

4.2. Installation of water pipelines from PP-R80-GF pipes and heating systems from PP-R80-AI pipes should be carried out according to the work plan and technological maps developed in the prescribed manner by the installation organization.

4.3. Before installation and welding of PP-R80-GF, PP-R80-AI pipes and connecting parts from PP-R80, the installation organization should perform input control quality control, which includes monitoring the availability of accompanying documentation, including a sanitary-epidemiological report and a certificate of conformity (technical certificate), inspection of pipes and parts to establish markings, as well as cracks, chips, scratches and other mechanical damage, selective control of the outer diameter and wall thickness of pipes and internal diameter of the coupling part of the connecting parts.

4.4. Installation of pipelines from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes should be carried out at positive temperatures.

4.5. When installing water pipelines, the permanent connection of PP-R80-GF pipes and heating systems from PP-R80-AI pipes should be carried out primarily using parts from PP-R80 by socket contact heat welding.

4.6. Technology welding work includes preparatory and actual welding work.

Preparatory work includes:

Marking and even cutting of pipes at right angles to the pipe axis;

Chamfering the end of the pipe at an angle of 30 ° with a depth of 1 mm;

Degreasing with acetone the outer surface of the end of a pipe with a length equal to the diameter of the pipe and the inner surface of the coupling part of the connecting part;

Applying a mark (with a pencil) to the end of the pipe at the following distances from the end for diameters (mm):

20 - 14 mm; 25 - 15 mm; 32 - 17 mm; 40 - 18 mm; 50 - 20 mm; 63 - 24 mm; 75 - 26 mm; 90 - 29 mm; 110 - 33 mm;

Degreasing work surfaces heating elements welding device;

4.7. To cut PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, you should use special scissors or cutting devices that ensure an even cut of pipes at right angles (with a deviation of no more than 0.5 mm); special tool should also be used for chamfering the ends of pipes PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI.

Note: It is allowed to use hacksaws and templates for cutting pipes, and rasps for chamfering.

4.8. When performing socket resistance heat welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, the following technological regime must be observed:

The temperature of the working surfaces of the heating elements during welding should not exceed 260 (+5 °) C;

The melting time, technological pause, cooling time of the welding joint should be taken according to the table. 6.

Table 6

Temporary technological parameters for contact heat welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes with connecting parts made of PP-R80 (at outside air temperatures more than +5 °C)

Notes: 1) Heating and melting time - time counted from the moment of complete insertion of pipes and parts into the working elements of the electric heating tool and their melting.

2) Technological pause - the time after removing the melted parts from the welding device until the joining of the melted parts.

3) Cooling time - the period after joining the melted parts before applying installation forces.

At outdoor temperatures below +5 °C, the reflow time should be increased by 50%.

4.9. When performing the heating and melting operation, do not allow misalignment of pipes and working elements of the heating device and bending of more than 3 ° C.

4.10. When mating the melted parts of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes and connecting parts from PP-R80, their rotation relative to the axis is prohibited.

4.11. To weld PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes and connecting parts from PP-R80 under construction conditions, use an electric heating tool with a thermostat that ensures that the welding temperature is maintained with an accuracy of at least ±5 °C at a voltage of 36 V.

Notes: 1) It is allowed to use an electric heating tool with a 220 V power supply, equipped with an automatic circuit-breaker device (APD).

2) When welding pipe blanks from pipes PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI in the factory, the use of an electric heating tool with a voltage of 220 V is allowed.

4.12. Contact heat socket welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes with a diameter of up to 40 mm inclusive can be done manually.

When welding pipes larger diameter Special centering devices should be used for joining pipes.

After welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, quality control must be carried out welded joints, including checking:

Straightness at the junction (deviation should not exceed 5?);

Uniformity around the circumference of the weld bead at the ends of parts made of PP-R80;

No cracks, folds or other defects in PP-R80 parts caused by overheating.

4.13. Resistance socket welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes should be performed at an outside air temperature of at least 0 °C.

Note: If it is necessary to perform welding and installation work at outside temperatures below 0 °C, welding of pipes should be carried out in heated rooms.

4.14. Permanent connections of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, especially the installation of installation pipes in difficult, cramped conditions, should be made primarily by electric pulse welding using PP-R80 couplings with electric inserting spirals.

4.15. When performing electric pulse welding, the welded surfaces of the pipe and coupling should be degreased with acetone, insert the ends of the pipes into the coupling until they stop, and secure the connection to prevent bending of the pipes and coupling or the ends of the pipes coming out of the coupling.

4.16. Electric pulse welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes should be carried out at an outside air temperature of at least minus 5 °C.

4.17. For electric pulse welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, a special welding machine, which automatically turns off the electric pulse after welding is completed, following the special instructions supplied with the welding machine.

4.18. Welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes and parts from PP-R80 must only be carried out by working personnel who have a certificate for the right to produce welding installation work with pipes made of thermoplastics.

4.19. Detachable connections on the threads of combined parts made of PP-R80 with steel pipes or fittings should be done primarily by hand or using adjustable torque pipe wrenches.

4.21. When securing water supply and heating risers from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, metal clamp supports with rubber gaskets on the clamps should be used.

When securing the water supply lines of sanitary units, it is recommended to use sliding supports made of polypropylene.

4.22. The installation of fixed supports should be carried out on PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes in accordance with SP 40-101-96 by welding 2 couplings made of PP-R80 and a clamp metal sliding support, rigidly attached to building structures.

4.23. When laying hidden water pipes from PP-R80-GF pipes by embedding concrete or cement-sand mortar pipes must have thermal insulation made of elastic foam.

4.24. When concreting installed cold duct systems from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes during the concrete hardening process, it is recommended to pass ethylene glycol cooled to a temperature of 0 °C through the cold duct.

4.25. Water pipelines from PP-R80-GF pipes and heating systems from PP-R80-AI pipes after installation must be tested in accordance with SNiP 3.02.01-85, SP 40-101-96, SP 40-102-2000 and VSN 69- 97.

Hydraulic testing of water pipes should be carried out no earlier than 16 hours after welding the last connection.

4.26. The value of the hydraulic test test pressure should be taken equal to 1.5 of the maximum possible excess operating pressure in the pipeline.

The test pressure shall be maintained for 30 minutes, after which the pressure loss shall be observed for 10 minutes.

Water supply from PP-R80-GF pipes is considered to have passed the test if after 10 minutes. at the test pressure, the pressure drop did not exceed 0.05 MPa and no drops would be detected in pipe welds, threaded connections, fittings or water leakage through flushing devices.

4.27. Upon completion of the hydraulic tests, the water supply system made from PP-R80-GF pipes must be flushed with running water for 3 hours.

4.28. Testing heating systems made from PP-R80-AI pipes:

After installation work, the system should be tested for leaks at a pressure 1.5 times higher than the operating pressure, but not less than 0.7 MPa.

At preparatory work Before pressure testing the system, it is necessary to: turn off (temporarily remove) safety safety valves, control valves, sensors, etc., if the permissible pressure of the specified fittings is less than the test pressure; replace disconnected elements with plugs or shut-off valves, the permissible pressure for which is greater than the test pressure; connect a pressure gauge to the system with an accuracy of 0.01 MPa.

Hydraulic tests must be carried out at constant temperature in two stages:

Stage 1 - every 10 minutes for 30 minutes, increase the pressure twice to the calculated value. In the next 30 minutes, the pressure drop in the system should not exceed 0.06 MPa.

Stage 2 - in the next 2 hours, the pressure drop (from the pressure achieved at stage 1) should not be more than 0.02 MPa.

5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

5.1. When carrying out work on the installation of water-cooling and heating systems from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes, it is necessary to comply with the general requirements of SNiP III-4-80 “Safety in Construction”.

5.2. Persons over 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, special training, introductory briefing and workplace safety briefing are allowed to carry out installation and welding of pipelines made from PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes.

5.3. Pipes PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI with room temperature do not release toxic substances into the environment and do not have a harmful effect on the human body upon direct contact. Working with them does not require special precautions.

5.4. When welding PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes and connecting parts from PP-R80, volatile products of thermal oxidative destruction containing formaldehyde are released into the air (MPC - 0.5 mg/m 3, hazard class 2); acetaldehyde vapor (MPC - 5.0 mg/m 3, class 3); couples acetic acid(MPC - 5.0 mg/m 3, class 3); carbon monoxide (MPC - 20.0 mg/m 3, class 4); aerosol of polypropylene and polypropylene copolymer (MPC - 10.0 mg/m 3, class 3). Welding of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes should be done in a ventilated area.

5.5. Pipes PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI, when in contact with an open fire, burn with a smoky flame with the formation of a melt and the release of carbon dioxide, water vapor, unsaturated hydrocarbons and gaseous products specified in clause 5.4. real TR.

Ignition temperature of combined polypropylene pipes? 325 °C.

To extinguish fires on PP-R80-GF pipes and PP-R80-AI pipes, water, sand or any type of fire extinguisher must be used. To protect against toxic products formed during combustion of pipes made of PP-R80-GF and connecting parts PP-R80, insulating gas masks of any type or filtering gas masks of the BKF brand should be used.

5.6. When working with a heating welding tool with a voltage of 220 V, you should follow the general electrical safety rules (GOST 12.2.007-75) and use dielectric mats and gloves.

Annex 1

List of connecting parts made of PP-R80 (for resistance socket welding), combined parts (for welding and threading) and brass parts (for threading) to PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes

Name of parts	Schematic illustration	Nominal diameter, mm
Connecting parts made of PP-R80 for resistance socket welding
Square 90°
Equal tee
Tee with different openings
Equal crosspiece
Stub
Combined (PP-R80 and metal) connecting parts (for socket welding and threading)
Fastening elbow for water fittings
Coupling with transition to internal thread
Coupling with transition to external thread
Coupling with transition to internal thread for wrench
Coupling with transition to external thread for wrench
Elbow with transition to internal thread
Elbow with transition to external thread
Tee with transition to internal thread
Tee with transition to external thread
Special parts made of PP-R80
Branch pipe with a collar for a union nut made of brass
Coupling with embedded electric spiral (for welding)
Special parts made of brass
Union nut
Threaded nipple
Threaded adapter with internal and external threads
Metal support clamps
Combined shut-off valves

Appendix 2

Tables for hydraulic calculations of pipeline systems

Table 2.1. for hydraulic calculations of cold water supply (temperature 10 °C) from PP-R80-GF pipes (velocity V - m/s)

Outer diameter, mm

Consumption Q, l/s

Table 2.2. for hydraulic calculations of hot water supply (temperature 75 °C) from PP-R80-GF pipes and heating pipelines from PP-R80-AI pipes (velocity V - m/s)

Outer diameter, mm

Consumption Q, l/s

Table 2.3. for hydraulic calculations of hot water supply (temperature 60? C) from PP-R80-GF pipes (velocity V - m/s)

Table 2.4. For hydraulic calculations of cold pipes (temperature minus 15 °C) from PP-R80-GF pipes with an outer diameter of 32 mm (velocity V - m/s)

Appendix 3

List of basic special tools for installing water pipes from PP-R80-GF* and PP-R80-AI* pipes

1. The Fusiotherm device for socket contact heat welding (manually) of PP-R80-GF and PP-R80-AI pipes with connecting parts from PP-R80 with a set of working elements for pipe diameters and parts 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 75 mm.

2. The same - for pipe diameters of 50, 63, 75, 90 and 110 mm.

3. Fusiotherm welding machine for welding pipes and parts with a diameter of 50, 63, 75, 90 and 110 mm.

4. Scissors for cutting pipes with a diameter of 16-40 mm.

5. Pipe cutter for cutting pipes with a diameter of 50 to 90 mm (imported production).

6. Stripping tool for pipes with a diameter of 20-110 mm.

7. Apparatus for electric pulse welding of pipes and couplings with embedded electric spirals.

8. Keys with adjustable torque (domestic production).

* Supplier: Aquatherm company (Moscow, 1st Krasnogvardeisky, 12, building 3).

The appearance of polypropylene pipes on the Russian market turned out to be very timely, when in most houses built during the Soviet power, metal water pipes and heating pipes began to fall into disrepair because they had completely served their term.

The period of some distrust in the new plastic pipes did not last long. Consumers appreciated the quality, aesthetics and operational advantages of polypropylene pipes.

Today we can confidently state that the time-tested polypropylene pipes have been extremely successful, and they have become a more advantageous alternative to pipes made from other materials. What requirements do regulatory documents impose on these products, and how to do it correctly?

Review of state standards for polypropylene pipes

Applicable to most products worldwide various systems controls regulating their production and use.

Main regulatory documents in Russia are SP, SNiP, GOST: polypropylene pipes fall under the requirements of SP 40-101-96, SNiP 2.04.01-85, GOST R 52134-2003 and others.

Basic GOST requirements for polypropylene pipes

GOST R 52134-2003 “Thermoplastic pressure pipes... General technical specifications» regulates:

• Scope of application: thermoplastic pipes round section and are used for transporting drinking and process water, intended for the installation of cold water and hot water systems, heating of residential and non-residential buildings.
• The main parameters and dimensions are given in the document in tabular form; this paragraph contains data on what, according to GOST 52134 2003, a polypropylene pipe should have outer and inner diameters, wall thickness, permissible deviations and so on.
• Technical requirements: a large paragraph contains characteristics, requirements for reliability, raw materials, materials, components, recommendations for completeness, packaging.
• Safety and Security Requirements environment: This section specifies the hazard classes in pipe production and contains reference requirements.
• Acceptance Rules: This covers test methods, lot sizes, sampling procedures for pipes and fittings for test inspections, etc.
• Control methods: this section regulates the procedure for testing products.

Large and important sections are also: transportation, storage conditions, pipe installation. In addition, various calculation tables are attached to GOST.

What do joint ventures and SNiPs regulate?

Rulebooks, building codes and the rules establish regulations for the design, installation and operation of systems, including those made of polypropylene pipes. Polypropylene pipes installed taking into account the requirements of SP and SNiP will work most efficiently and for a long time.

How to choose polypropylene pipes?

There are no prohibitions on doing it yourself in your own home, therefore, in principle, a person who has installation skills and has an understanding of the design of plumbing systems can purchase pipes and accessories for them themselves and carry out the installation.

Piping system installers purchase their own necessary components and provide a comprehensive guarantee for the work performed (materials + installation).

In order not to make a mistake and purchase pipes with the necessary characteristics, necessary:

1. carefully study the certificate for polypropylene pipes in the store, it must contain information about the product’s service class according to Gosstandart; there are 6 classes of PP pipes:

1. evaluate the quality of pipes and fittings: the outer and inner surfaces of the pipes must be smooth, the cross-section must be ideal round shape; The presence of shells, cracks, burrs and bubbles in the material is not allowed; colored models must have a uniform color;
2. inquire about the product warranty; any pipe and its components must be covered by the supplier’s warranty.

It is important to consider that permissible temperature storage of polypropylene pipes is not lower than - 20 0 C. Therefore, you should not buy products on the street or in unheated stores in winter.

Polypropylene pipes are easy to install, reliable, and aesthetically pleasing. They have a long service life of 50 years. But it must be remembered that long-term, trouble-free use of pipeline systems installed in compliance with standards is possible only under normal conditions.

Good day, my reader! In this article I will briefly list the installation rules polypropylene pipelines. The main operation when installing polypropylene pipelines is soldering. Let's start with it!

Rules for soldering polypropylene pipes.

Polypropylene pipes and fittings are connected to each other using soldering. The method is simple, but nevertheless some rules must be followed. We list these rules below:

• The first thing you need to do is prepare the welding machine for work - mount it on the heating surface necessary attachments, install the welding machine on a tripod (the machine must stand on a flat surface), plug it in and set the thermostat to the required temperature (you don’t need to set anything on cheap Chinese machines - they heat up to 260° C automatically).
• After the “welder” has warmed up to operating temperature, you can start soldering. Before soldering, it is necessary to cut the pipe evenly, remove burrs from its edges and mark with a marker the distance at which the pipe will be inserted into the socket. Manufacturers also recommend degreasing the surface of the pipes, but it is enough to just keep the pipe clean. For pipes reinforced with metal foil, it is necessary to use a special stripper (for pipes with external reinforcement) or a trimmer (for pipes with internal reinforcement). If the pipe is reinforced with fiberglass, then you just need to cut it straight.
• Next, the fitting and pipe are inserted into the nozzle on the welding machine (it is important to insert the pipe and fitting evenly, otherwise the soldering will be poor quality) and you begin to count the time required for heating. For different diameters pipes, the time will vary (we give it below in the table).

Diameter, mm.	The distance to which the pipe must be inserted into the socket, mm.	Heating time, sec.	Soldering cooling time, min
20	17	6	2
25	19	7	2
32	22	8	4
40	24	12	4
50	27	18	4
63	30	24	6
75	32	30	6
90	35	40	8

• After completing the work, you need to turn off the welding machine from the network and wait until it cools down. After this, you can twist the attachments and put it in a box. Do not cool the welding machine with water. This will cause equipment failure.

For greater clarity of everything said above, watch this video:

For installation of polypropylene pipes near walls and in hard to reach places you'll need a partner. There are complex cases, when you have to use two partners and two soldering irons at the same time. Therefore, look for a partner in advance to carry out installation work.

How to calculate the number of fasteners for polypropylene?

Support for polypropylene pipes.

Polypropylene pipes have standards for the number of fasteners per unit length. This amount depends on the diameter of the pipe and temperature regime. For clarity, we present this data in table form:

Pipe diameter, mm	Distance between fasteners, mm.
	20°C	30°С	40°С	50°С	60°C	70°С	80°С
20	600	600	600	600	550	500	500
25	750	750	700	700	650	600	550
32	900	900	900	800	750	700	650
40	1000	1000	900	900	850	800	750
50	1200	1200	1100	1100	1000	950	900
63	1400	1400	1300	1300	1150	1150	1000
75	1500	1500	1400	1400	1250	1150	1100
90	1800	1600	1500	1500	1400	1250	1200

Now you just need to divide the total footage of the pipe by the distance indicated in the table and you will get the number of fasteners. The location of the fasteners needs to be considered separately. Typically, this is done during the project creation process. There is no need to skimp on supports; they are needed to protect pipelines from deformations that occur under the influence of temperature.

Tool for installing polypropylene pipes.

To install polypropylene pipes, the following tools are required:

• Welding machine.
• Nozzles - block or pair, depending on what kind of welding machine you have.
• Plastic pipe cutter.
• Marker for marking the pipe.
• Building level.
• Wrench for tightening threaded connections.
• Belt wrench for combination clutches - very convenient thing for tightening combination couplings without hexagon.
• Thread, FUM or anaerobic sealant for sealing threaded connections

Wrench for combination couplings.

The list is not too long, but here is the most necessary and it is better not to forget anything. From my own experience, I know that it is extremely inconvenient to work without a belt wrench and a marker.

Summary of the article.

Installation of polypropylene is a fairly simple process and does not require much training. The first time, you may ruin a few fittings and meters of pipe, but this is a small price to pay for knowledge and experience and you have to pay it. Moreover, the price of the material is more than affordable compared to copper or metal-plastic. That's all, write questions in the comments and press the social media buttons!

Note!

"GIDROPLAST" - your reliable partner in the field engineering systems! Having many years of experience in solving problems in the procurement and construction of facilities, we invite you to familiarize yourself in our catalog with prices for polypropylene pipes and additional polypropylene products.

The installation of polypropylene pipes in Russia is regulated by the provisions of GOST R 52134-2003 “Thermoplastic pressure pipes and connecting parts for them for water supply and heating systems”, SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”, SNIP 3.05.01-85 “ Internal sanitary systems", SNiP 2.04.01-85 "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings" and SP 40-101-96 "Code of rules for the design and installation of pipelines made of polypropylene "Random copolymer"". In the European Union, requirements for the installation of polypropylene pipes are established by a number of technical regulations - standards, detailed list which are given in this material.

The main purpose of installing polypropylene pipes, regardless of source material(PP-H polypropylene homopolymer, PP-B polypropylene block copolymer, PPRC polypropylene random copolymer) and its modifications (Polypropylen-Homopolymer PP-H-s fire-resistant, Polypropylen-Randomcopolymer PP-R-el electrically conductive, Polypropylen-Randomcopolymer PP-R-s-el electrically conductive and fire-resistant ) (see details), as well as reinforcement with aluminum foil or fiberglass, is to ensure operating conditions under which the pressure and temperature of the transported liquid, and the ambient temperature will not cause internal stresses in the pipeline and its individual components that can lead to a violation of integrity or residual deformations in pipes, fittings and connections. The primary task of installing polypropylene pipes remains to compensate for linear temperature changes in the pipeline by changing the direction of the route and without the use of special compensators.

Unlike pipes made of galvanized or of stainless steel(see) all pipes made of thermoplastic polymers (see this material) have a high coefficient of linear thermal expansion, which is especially significant in hot water supply and heating systems.

To solve this problem, the pipeline route is conditionally divided by fixed supports into sections that autonomously respond to changes in temperature (or pressure) in the pipeline. Fixed supports (NS) direct the extension along the axis to sliding supports (SO), installed in places where the direction of the route changes, which, in fact, are compensating devices.

The relative temperature elongation of the pipeline section limited by fixed supports for polypropylene pipes is calculated using the formula Δl = 0.15*l*Δt, Where:

• Δl- change linear size pipeline section along the route axis, mm;
• l– length of the pipeline section limited by fixed supports, m;
• Δt– difference in pipeline temperatures during operation and during installation of polypropylene pipes, °C;
• 0.15 – coefficient of linear thermal expansion of polypropylene pipes, mm/m °C.

Important: Polypropylene pipes reinforced with aluminum foil have a linear thermal expansion that is 2/3 less than polypropylene pipes without reinforcement. Polypropylene pipes, fiberglass reinforced, have a linear temperature expansion that is 3/5 less than polypropylene pipes without reinforcement.

The linear thermal expansion of PN 10,16,20 pipes made of random copolymer polypropylene and PP-R polypropylene pipes reinforced with aluminum foil for hot water supply and heating systems, depending on the temperature of the transported medium, can be determined using nomograms (see below).

Rice. Nomogram of linear temperature expansion of pipes PN 10,16,20 made of random copolymer polypropylene depending on the temperature of the transported medium

Rice. Nomogram of linear temperature expansion of PN 20 pipes made of random copolymer polypropylene, reinforced with aluminum foil, depending on the temperature of the transported medium

Sliding supports when installing polypropylene pipes are usually made of clips, single or double, corresponding in diameter DN to the nominal diameter of the polypropylene pipe.

Rice. Single and double clips for sliding supports of polypropylene pipelines

SP 40-101-96 categorically prohibits rigid fixation of the pipeline when installing polypropylene pipes by compressing the pipeline. Therefore, fixed supports can be made on the basis of sliding supports with limitation of axial movement by two couplings or a coupling and a tee.

Rice. Fixed support for installation of polypropylene pipes according to the recommendations of SP 40-101-96

Most often, when installing polypropylene pipes, compensating changes in route direction are used:

Possibilities of loop compensating elements depending on nominal diameter polypropylene pipes are presented in the table below.

d, mm	16	20	25	32	40
Δl, mm	85-90	80	65-70	55	45

Important: Loop compensating elements have disadvantages: when installed on horizontal and vertical pipeline routes, it is extremely difficult to remove water from them, and when installed in horizontal routes, it is extremely difficult to remove air.

When installing polypropylene pipes, sliding supports are installed on the sides of turns, tees and bends, and all types of compensating devices can be used in the pipeline system for cold/hot water supply and heating.

SP 40-101-96 imposes strict requirements on:

Nominal outside diameter, mm	Temperature of the transported medium, degrees Celsius
	20	30	40
16	500	450	400
20	550	500	450
25	650	550	500
32	750	650	600
40	850	800	700
50	1000	900	800
63	1150	1050	900
75	1300	1200	1000
90	1500	1350	1200
110	1700	1500	1300
125	1800	1700	1450

Connections made when installing polypropylene pipes

The main types of connections in the route when installing polypropylene pipes include: