The basis for the manufacture of the machine with your own hands will be manual. Fix it on a wooden support made of thick plywood (at least 12 mm thick). Several holes are also made in the support for fasteners and a router holder. Additionally, a frame should be built and several bars should be made, which are installed along the edges of the support, they will hold the apparatus during operation.
Manufacturing of a milling plant
As a guide, we use a metal pipe of medium diameter. We install a carriage with a milling cutter inserted into it on the pipe. We attach a bar to the carriage, which plays the role of a copy probe, after which it is necessary to fix the horizontal bar on which the main template is attached. A machine made according to this principle can be used to process and create copies from simple household products, for example, door handles, locks, furniture legs. Milling plant with a motor is inserted inside the carriage and connected to the power supply. A template is fixed on the support, a copy probe moves along it.
The router is powered by the mains, the carriage moves manually, so that the working head repeats the movements of the probe. To create more complex models, it is necessary to connect additional working heads and install a drive with a belt drive. It is now possible to connect homemade installation to software however, this will require a CNC and additional equipment and tools. Such a home-made machine will cope with its household functions quite well.
4
The practice of using homemade copy-milling machines various types shows that the final part manufactured on such equipment has certain inconsistencies with the drawings and forms and some manufacturing defects in the form of chips and distortions. These flaws are due to the constant vibrations of the machine and the movement of the working head. Get rid of them in living conditions very hard.
Copy- milling machine do it yourself
To avoid such shortcomings in the work homemade equipment, we recommend making highly specialized machines, and not equipment of a universal type. That is, before starting work on the manufacture of the machine with your own hands, you need to decide for which specific parts it is planned to use it. So you can optimally choose the weight and dimensions of the copy-milling machine hand assembled. It is important to remember that the larger the size of the parts to be machined, the more powerful and heavier the working rig must be.
For big parts additional holders and a more massive support are needed, this will maximize the damping of vibrations that will occur during operation. Also, it's better to use electric drive instead of manual and make sure that the guides have a sufficient margin of safety. Remember that the smoothness of movement of the cutting equipment in various planes depends on the type of work surface, and therefore the final result.
On the Stankoff.RU website you can buy copy-milling machines for wood from leading manufacturers. In stock and on order more than 25 models of copy-milling machines according to the best prices. Only profitable offer With detailed descriptions and photo. Check prices with managers.
Application and characteristics
The mechanization of labor-intensive tasks for the processing of edges, straight and rounded surfaces, greatly increases the accuracy and speed of manufacturing products in woodworking workshops. Grinding machines for professional use allow to produce products in accordance with quality standards and serve as a reliable means of increasing the profitability of the enterprise. Edge grinders are used when working with products made of solid wood or board materials, and different wide opportunities in changeover, ensuring the functionality and versatility of the equipment. The unit is designed to process wooden parts grinding method and performs operations:
- along the end surface;
- straight, profile and corner edges;
- curves of various shapes.
Depending on the degree of roughness specified for the part, the setting is set to required amount grinding cycles and adjustable material feed rate. The design includes protective covers that simultaneously ensure the safety of personnel and contain the spread of fine wood dust in the working area.
Equipment types
Edge grinders for wood, presented in our catalog, are classified depending on technological features processing, which determines the type of working tool:
- Disk. Equipped abrasive wheels with different graininess.
- Tape. Differ in ability to internal processing round holes.
- Combined. Combine functions of tape and disk machines.
- Oscillatory. Grinding is done with oscillation abrasive belt, increasing the speed and efficiency of processing.
Adjustment of the working table in height makes it possible to fully use the resource of the grinding tool and obtain a high-quality result due to the precise alignment of the working body with respect to the workpiece. The high productivity of the equipment leads to the formation of a large amount of dust waste, so connecting the machine to a powerful suction system is a necessity.
Very often in our life there is a need to make a copy of some object, so the availability of copying equipment is a modern need for many enterprises. And we are not talking about copy-printing equipment, but about copy-milling machines.
They serve to create items that replicate the original sample as much as possible. The equipment makes it possible to produce parts in large quantities, providing high processing speed.
1 Features of milling
Milling is one of the ways machining. The procedure allows for finishing, roughing and semi-finishing different surface blanks made of wood, plastic, cast iron, metal (ferrous and non-ferrous).
Milling has a high productivity, which makes it possible to create objects of the required geometric shape.
Milling can be organized in two ways:
- passing milling, in which the directions of feed and rotation of the cutter coincide;
- up milling, in which the feed is opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutter.
Using milling cutters equipped with modern cutting materials, it is possible to carry out processing, replacing the grinding procedure.
A woodworking milling machine, including a mini modification, is used for processing the surfaces of planks, levers, covers, cases and brackets of a simple configuration, surfaces of case objects.
Allows you to apply 3D or 4D threads. One of the most popular brands domestic origin - Duplicarver.
Milling machines are found in two categories:
- specialized;
- general purpose.
The last group is continuous milling equipment, consoleless, console, longitudinal milling. The first group is copy-milling, key-milling, spline-milling, gear-milling, thread-milling. There are full and mini models.
1.1 Purpose of the machine
Copy milling woodworking machine is used for copying work on a plane and in volume, for engraving patterns, inscriptions, ornaments, shaped profiles, as well as for simple milling tasks.
Despite the simplicity of the machine, it allows you to create incredibly complex patterns. It can be mini or full size.
The equipment allows you to perform various milling work using carbide and high-speed cutting tools. Can carve. Machines are used in small and large-scale production. Can work in 3D mode with appropriate equipment, CNC. Duplicarver models are very popular.
The machine allows you to create:
- blanks and models;
- Press forms;
- various stamps;
- cams;
- forms.
The equipment can also be used for:
- drilling holes for metal hinges, handles, latches, locks;
- production of frames for mirrors;
- channels different sizes on profiles.
The Duplicarver wood milling machine allows you to mill curved parts by copying according to a template from which the shape of the future product is copied. Through the use of templates the influence of the so-called human factor is excluded, that's why finished goods have the same shape. In many ways, this provides CNC.
Not only a template sample can be used in the work, subsequent products can be made according to the sample of the first one. To increase accuracy, the machine should be supplemented with a copying device called a pantograph.
He may have different design, however, it has an important function - accurate transmission along the profile of the movement of the copying head to the cutting device. Therefore, high accuracy threads when applied.
2 Machine design
The Duplicarver milling machine uses a cutting carbide tool - a milling cutter. It reproduces the surface or contour of the copier on the product.
This machine master has a hydraulic, mechanical and pneumatic connection with a tracking system responsible for the direction of the cutter. On the one hand, it acts on the amplifying device, on the other hand, it affects the executive body.
The copier is a flat template, contour drawing, reference detail, spatial model. Copier - photocell, finger, roller or probe. Samples can be parts made of wood, plastic or metal. The copier and the workpiece to be processed are placed on a rotating table.
The executive body of the Duplicarver machine is a differential, an electromagnetic clutch, a solenoid, a screw, a spool. In amplifying devices, electro-optical, hydraulic or electromagnetic relays can be used.
The speed of movement of the tracking device determines the accuracy of the profile and the surface roughness of the product. An accuracy of 0.02 mm and a roughness of No. 6 can be achieved. The Duplicarver machine is driven by an electric motor and a power hydraulic cylinder.
The pantograph, which allows you to copy products on a set scale, has a guide pin located on the axis and moving along the copier, as well as a tool spindle and an axis of rotation.
As the finger moves across the copier, the spindle on the workpiece describes the required geometric shape. The scale is determined by the pantograph by the proportions of the shoulders. Additionally, CNC can be used.
2.1 Types of copy milling machines
Type of drive:
- photocopiers, hydro- and electrified, with mechanical feed;
- multi- and single-spindle units with a round and rectangular table;
- universal devices with a pantograph located vertically on a swivel sleeve;
- with pantograph necessary for functioning in 2 and 3 dimensions.
There are mini and full versions. Such devices can be equipped with CNC.
You can also select more groups of devices that differ in clamping the workpiece and the level of automation:
- desktop or manual homemade machine with mechanical profile clamping allows to drill holes different shapes using a template;
- automatic machine with pneumatic profile clamping - most often used for the manufacture aluminum structures; may have CNC;
- an automatic machine with a pneumatic profile clamp and a 3-spindle nozzle necessary for drilling triple holes (other devices do not have such an opportunity); may have CNC.
These can be mini or full size machines.
2.2 Making a machine with your own hands
Homemade copy milling machine can be done at home with your own hands. Of course, such mini equipment will not be able to work at the level of industrial designs, but it is quite capable of creating high-quality copies.
A homemade CNC woodworking copy milling machine can be made using a linkage system, an electric motor with a chuck required for a cutter.
A typical design of a do-it-yourself device is:
- Desktop;
- carrier frame;
- milling head.
Desktop copy milling machine for woodcarving with CNC do-it-yourself should be optimized for specific purposes, which must be achieved, for example, for threading. Understanding what parts to be processed, you should perform calculations of dimensions, power, and so on. Then the machine made with your own hands will allow you to implement the necessary tasks.
2.3 Operation of the copy-milling machine Duplikarver (video)
A copy-milling machine is used to create copies of products made of wood or other material. certain form. Such machines are used on large and small industrial enterprises, as well as at home to create various details. Next, we describe the principle of operation of such a machine and give recommendations on how to make it yourself.
1
Milling equipment with a copy machine is used for machining various planes. With the help of a high-quality machine, you can reproduce copies of three-dimensional forms, engrave, make patterns, drawings. Its main feature is the simplicity of design, while it can perform a rather complex list of works.
Copy-milling machine
Such equipment has a simple principle of operation. A special copy probe is connected to the working plane. Then he mechanically creates contours from a template or part. On the working plane, a cutter is mounted under wood or metal, depending on the purpose of the machine, which repeats the movements of the copy probe. In addition to these parts, the standard machine is also equipped with a cutter clamp or milling unit, an electric motor and a guide system. Usually equipment for simple jobs on wood or plastic consists of three main elements:
- work surface with a supporting element and a frame;
- cutter or milling machine with a clamping mechanism;
- copier (pantograph) and copy probe.
Depending on the type of copy-milling machine, it can work in two or three dimensions. To create a simple template in two dimensions, it is enough standard variant with a clamping profile, but for the production and drilling of three-dimensional holes, the machine must be equipped with a pneumatic clamping unit, a drill and a drill or other drilling unit. Depending on the configuration and capabilities, it can work not only with wood, but also with plastic, cast iron and other non-ferrous metals. To do this, the machine is equipped with powerful and durable milling cutters under various materials, and copying equipment is being improved for certain forms.
Do-it-yourself machines are often used in household for drilling keyholes, making frames or creating grooves in wood or metal parts.
2
Today there is a large number of copy-milling equipment various designs With certain features work. Their cost is usually quite high, so many amateurs make such devices with their own hands. Homemade option, of course, will differ from industrial counterparts, however, under certain conditions, it will do its job perfectly.
Copy-milling machine made by yourself
The standard scheme of a homemade machine consists of a working surface, load-bearing structure and a milling head, which is equipped with an electric motor driven to enable the head to operate at two speeds. Thus, to do the installation yourself, you will need a set of certain equipment and tools, namely:
- main frame made of wood or metal;
- wood plywood or panel, bars, boards and slats;
- fasteners in the form of bolts, nuts, screws or nails;
- milling machine;
- a set of keys, saws or a hacksaw for working with details;
- guide system and metal pipes;
- electric motor with drive or manual drive;
- drills and drilling installation (for more complex options).
instead of wood or metal frame you can use a ready-made milling machine as a base, however, attaching a copy device to it is much more difficult than making an apparatus from scratch. In this case, you will have to almost completely redo the milling machine, and this will require more time and additional equipment.
3
The basis for making a machine with your own hands will be manual. Fix it on a wooden support made of thick plywood (at least 12 mm thick). Several holes are also made in the support for fasteners and a router holder. Additionally, a frame should be built and several bars should be made, which are installed along the edges of the support, they will hold the apparatus during operation.
Manufacturing of a milling plant
We use as a guide metal pipe medium diameter. We install a carriage with a milling cutter inserted into it on the pipe. We attach a bar to the carriage, which plays the role of a copy probe, after which it is necessary to fix the horizontal bar on which the main template is attached. A machine made according to this principle can be used to process and create copies from simple household items, such as door handles, locks, furniture legs. The milling unit with a motor is inserted inside the carriage and connected to the power supply. A template is fixed on the support, a copy probe moves along it.
The milling cutter is powered by a network, the carriage moves manually, so that the working head repeats the movements of the probe. To create more complex models, it is necessary to connect additional working heads and install a drive with a belt drive. Now it is possible to connect a home-made installation to the software, but this will require a CNC and additional equipment and tools. Such a home-made machine will cope with its household functions quite well.
4
The practice of using home-made copy-milling machines of various types shows that the final part made on such equipment has certain inconsistencies with the drawings and shapes and some manufacturing defects in the form of chips and distortions. These flaws are due to the constant vibrations of the machine and the movement of the working head. It is very difficult to get rid of them at home.
DIY copy-milling machine
To avoid such shortcomings in the operation of home-made equipment, we recommend making highly specialized machines, rather than universal-type equipment. That is, before starting work on the manufacture of the machine with your own hands, you need to decide for which specific parts it is planned to use it. So you can optimally select the weight and dimensions of the hand-assembled copy-milling machine. It is important to remember that what larger size parts to be processed, the more powerful and heavier the working installation should be.
For large parts, additional holders and a more massive support are needed, this will allow you to dampen the vibrations that will occur during operation as much as possible. In addition, it is better to use an electric drive instead of a manual one and make sure that the guides have a sufficient margin of safety. Remember that the smoothness of movement of the cutting equipment in various planes depends on the type of work surface, and therefore the final result.
Run copier lathe DIY is not the most difficult task. But in order to achieve the desired result in terms of quality and efficiency, some efforts will have to be made. You will need detailed drawing, copy template and a few hours of free time. We offer you a variant of a copier machine based on a hand mill as a cutting tool.
The proposed copier for your lathe requires little financial, time and labor costs. This is what attracts a large number of craftsmen who need a copier for a lathe.
The cutting device will be manual frezer. At the same time, the operational capabilities of the copier directly depend on the characteristics of the turning equipment itself.
You should not count on the attractiveness of the design of a device created by yourself, since its main task is to create copies according to a template without unnecessary energy costs.
The device of the machine with a copier
- To get started, to create a lathe with a copier, you will need a manual router. Choose its type yourself, depending on the planned work;
- The milling cutter is mounted on a support platform with dimensions of approximately 50 by 20 centimeters. It can be made from sheets of plywood 12 mm thick;
- At your request, the copy machine can get a larger or smaller area. Dimensions largely depend on the parameters of the selected router;
- On the support platform, make holes through which the routers will exit;
- Holes for fasteners are also made here. In the role of fasteners, it is optimal to use bolts;
- Resistant bars, located along the perimeter and fixed with self-tapping screws, will provide protection against accidental movements of the cutter when processing products;
- Having installed the cutter supports between the bars, make sure that it is fixed securely, that there are no vibrations or play;
- The far end of the support platform must be able to move along the guide tube along the entire length of the turning equipment;
- Use a guide tube with a diameter of 25 millimeters, or adapt to your machine parameters;
- The main condition when choosing pipes is that they must cope with the loads from the weight of the router, not bend, maintain evenness, smoothness of the surface;
- Fix the pipe ends with a pair of wooden bars of a suitable size;
- The bars are mounted to the machine body with self-tapping screws or through bolts.
Installation of structural elements
In order for a lathe with a copier to work efficiently, and the copying process does not raise quality issues, in no case do not rush. It is the rush that does not allow the craftsmen to make a really good copier for a lathe with their own hands.
After studying the drawing, on the basis of which you decided to build a copier with your own hands, stick to the suggested dimensions. If even a small error is allowed, the copying technology can be completely broken, the working axes will go astray.
To prevent this from happening, follow a few important rules.
- The axis of the pipe intended for the movement of the router must be exactly parallel to the axis of rotation of the machine.
- The coincidence of the axis of the pipe and the axis of the machine is also an important plus, although this condition is not mandatory.
- The main point is the coincidence of the router in the lowest position with the axis turning device. This setting is controlled and changed as needed by the placement level of the copier.
- Fix the guide tube through the blind holes of the wooden blocks. But immediately before fixing, put two bars on the pipe, on which it is planned to mount the carrier platform.
- Wooden bars for the carrier platform must move very easily, or rather slide along the guide pipe. If loosening is noticed, the copy unit will have to be redone.
Many are afraid of the moment when increased requirements regarding sliding are made. But it is not difficult to make a machine with such operating parameters if you use a flat, smooth pipe.
Horizontal bars
The next step is to mount the horizontal wooden block, which is the second most important working component of your copier lathe.
- Adhere to the same accuracy requirements as in the operations described above;
- The horizontal bar is connected to the blank profile template;
- To make a bar with your own hands, you can use a blank measuring 7 by 3 millimeters and fix it with self-tapping screws to vertical racks;
- themselves wooden racks mounted to the frame of the turning device by any method convenient for you;
- Make sure the top edge horizontal element parallel to the axis of the machine and located at the same level;
- If at some point you don’t need copying functionality, you can easily remove the bar with your own hands, fold the mounting pad to the edge of the machine and use the turning unit for its intended purpose without a copier;
- A vertical stop is mounted to the working table of the cutter. A sheet of thin plywood is quite suitable here. Although if you need a stronger structure, use steel sheets;
- This element is used to move around the copier when sharpening parts. It sets the spatial position for the working router. Therefore, the copier should be fixed as securely as possible;
- Thickness plays an important role. The thinner the vertical stop, the more accurately your pattern will be able to copy the lathe. But even if the stop is too thin, the device begins to move along the pattern with certain difficulties. Therefore, the optimal way out of the situation is the search for an intermediate option;
- If you use plywood to make a copier, be sure to consider using its removable structure. This will allow you to easily dismantle the copier when it is worn out, and replace it with a new one with minimal time spent.
Sample
Last but not least important element a lathe with a copier function is directly the copy template itself. It is not difficult to make it, but the configuration depends entirely on the parameters of the products that you want to get using your machine.
- Take a sheet of plywood or OSB board;
- Mark the sheet according to the contours of the future product that you want to machine on a lathe;
- Be sure to compare all dimensions with the required parameters;
- With an electric jigsaw, carefully walk along the contours with a cutting blade, cutting out the necessary part;
- Finish the edges grinder or regular sandpaper. The template should not have bumps, burrs, notches;
- Fix the resulting template on a horizontal rail using self-tapping screws;
- Fixing is carried out strictly in accordance with the installation parameters.
Using the drawings and video instructions, you can easily make a fairly efficient, productive copy turning unit yourself. You just need a little patience and time.