Homemade miter saws for wood. Professional and homemade wood cross-cutting machines. Setting for bevel cutting

The cross-cutting tool is lightweight and compact. Effective as a stationary machine. Fixed fixation of the workpiece allows you to perform high-quality cuts. Some examples of crosscut saws include devices for optimizing angle cuts, a speed controller that allows you to select a mode depending on the type of material and the required quality of processing. You can make a trimming unit yourself.

Most often, the saw is assembled from a grinder.

For good work:

The original disk tool must perform at least 4500 rpm.
The length of the cut is at least 350 mm.

If necessary, the grinder installed on the miter saw table can be dismantled and used for its intended purpose.

Build process

First, a table is made on which the cutting unit will be installed. The frame is constructed from a metal corner using the welding method. The top of the stand is covered with a thick sheet of metal with a longitudinal hole. The edges of the bed are processed with a file.

A grinder saw is mounted on an axle. This allows you to trim workpieces at an angle. The rotating mechanism is fixed by installing it on a bearing with a diameter of 150 mm. The structure is secured with a mechanism connected to the axle. The axle is lubricated from time to time to prevent squeaking and excessive friction.

To trim workpieces at a certain angle at the time of assembly, the saw is equipped with ears welded with outside machine at a short distance from each other. If this is not done, there will be play and the cutting accuracy will suffer.

During operation, it is necessary to ensure that sawdust does not get inside the bearing: this can lead to rapid wear of the mechanism and the rotation of the disk will be difficult. For additional protection, use lubricant.

The most effective for processing wood is a trimming machine with a broach and shock absorber. It is better to choose samples installed on trucks: they are more resistant to aggressive mechanical stress, durable. The part is freed from oil and provided with technological holes that will serve ventilation ducts. To protect against sawdust and wood dust, the holes are covered with a mesh with a fine cross-section of cells.

Another useful miter saw option is the module soft start. Thanks to it, the machine does not make sudden jerks when starting up. The principle of operation of the part is to reduce the speed at the start. As a result, the trimming cutting disc picks up speed gradually. It is difficult to assemble a stabilization module on your own. It is recommended to remove the part from another device or buy it.

On final stage make a shield to protect the miter saw from getting into work area cutter of third-party objects.

If you have a regular circular saw, you can make a movable carriage. It is easy to install, assembled from a plywood sheet, guide bars and fasteners: bolts, screws.

Important points

The machine makes a lot of noise when operating.

In order for the tool to accurately perform the intended cut when processing the ends of the workpiece, you need to try to position the grinder as accurately as possible relative to wooden parts. You can adjust the placement of the cutting element using bars, while the rod must be secured with a bolt.

The cross-cutting machine can be installed in a garage, workshop, basement, and other places. The main thing is that the working structure is firmly connected to the base.

It is necessary to carefully select the saw blade. It must correspond to the specifics of the work and the characteristics of the material.

One of essential tools, which are used on construction sites and for some repair work, is a miter saw that is capable of cutting workpieces and material at any angle and any inclination. This possibility is provided by the existing rotating platform, movable working part device and, accordingly, the disk itself above the frame. Using it, you can cut wood, plastic, hardboard, OSB, laminate and other materials of low strength.

For selection suitable tool You should consult with a specialist who understands not only the order and path of work, but also the miter saws with broaching.

In principle, the design of the saw is simple and comprises motor on the gearbox, saw blade, platform and handle with convenient location start buttons. The motor is a commutator motor, which has a higher number of revolutions, but requires periodic brush changes. And asynchronous, which is quieter in operation, but at the same time more durable to use.

The transmission of torque for the disk is provided by a gear or belt transmission through a gearbox. To avoid slipping of the product, use first gear. When switching to second gear, vibration is reduced and disk rotation is stabilized, which is more suitable for long service life. The most reliable is direct transmission, which is used in some copies, but they are disadvantageous due to their low speed.

To turn a regular saw into a miter saw, a broaching mechanism is built into it. With this option, the module itself is located in the structure on parallel rails. This design approach allows for cutting large-sized products.

Magnesium or aluminum is used for the frame, and the base itself is a rounded part, set at the desired angle and stop. The kit also includes a cover to protect body parts from injury.

basis and very important element The structure is a table. With the right tools and some knowledge, you can set up a DIY miter saw table. It consists of two sides that are attached to the stand. The bar is installed exclusively on saws with broaching.

To measure the position when rotating the table, angular scales are located on the base. The rotation angle can be allowed from 0 to 45 degrees. A special groove on the latches securely fixes the rotating part and ensures the most accurate fixation.

There are some samples with a tilting stand. But such a design requires more complexity and a larger number of components, which will lead to a greater likelihood of failure. Yes and the need for bending is not so great and occurs only when cutting certain types of baseboards and moldings.

Built-in clamps provide reliable fixation of workpieces on the table. And when using sufficiently long workpieces, retractable stands and stops are used, which are installed in the frame and expand the dimensions.

Trimming settings

To block the mechanism for replacing the disk and, accordingly, stop the engine, the device is equipped with a soft start. For safety purposes, the models are equipped with protection against electrical breakdown through the body.

To adjust the cut metal products electronic components are built in that allow you to regulate the process depending on the properties of the material. Electronic components are also installed as a precautionary measure to ensure safety and prevent damage from overheating, jamming, and braking when the shear load is exceeded. It also allows you to cut the workpiece more accurately. Although usually saw models come without the listed components.

In order to be able to calculate the number of parts produced over a certain period of time in exact quantities, newer models are produced that have the option of setting the exact number of revolutions. Another useful, but expensive function in the device is laser guidance system for cutting precision. This system can operate both from the mains and from batteries. Its essence is simple and very suitable for beginners, since they see the line of the future cut indicated by a laser beam. And beginners, if they have the drawings, will be able to make a miter saw with a broach with their own hands.

In progress of this production remains large mass sawdust and small parts from workpieces. Some models have a built-in vacuum cleaner, which saves time on cleaning later and saves workplace always in relatively clean condition.

The quality of the cut is influenced by the blade that will be used to make it. A You can distinguish saw blades by the following criteria:

configuration and geometry of teeth;
outer diameter;
landing hole.

The internal diameter in conventional configurations is 3 cm, and the external diameter can be from 21 to 30 cm. This information is indicated on the side of the disk without fail. Great importance the outer diameter indicates that the load on each of the teeth during operation will be less. And this will lead to longer operation of the disk. The disk also indicates its marking, the permissible maximum rotation speed and how compatible it is and with which tool.

Disc teeth and their configuration

The quality of the cut depends on the quality of the sharpened teeth, their size, the material from which they are made, and the shape configuration. For a high-quality cut, which is used when working with laminate or treated wood coated with varnish, it is imperative to use disks with fine teeth. The working time with smaller teeth differs in duration, but is better in quality. And for working with soft wood and plywood, a disc with large teeth, even located at a greater distance from each other, is sufficient.

The following types of teeth for circular discs exist:

trapezoidal;
with carbide tipped;
with ATV soldering.

When choosing a tool, it is very important to pay attention to the brand of the model. It is important to consider what environment you will be working in, with what materials, for how long. Tools from different brands Although they have typical characteristics for categories, they can still differ significantly from each other. Each manufacturer uses its own approaches, materials, and concepts for solving problems. Also, you should not miss the point that the manufacturer may still try to save on something and force something, and it is no secret that any thing can have weak points.

Before considering the rating of these units, you need to pay attention to the manufacturers of the most used and reliable brands and be able to choose the best broached miter saw, which is:

Makita.
BOSH.
Devalt.
Hyundai.
Metabo.

Saws from these brands do not raise any questions about quality among the user. The only comment people who used the devices had was about the disc play when the guide came out. But this phenomenon is typical and acceptable.

Makita Miter Saws

In the ranking of the safest saws to use and those with high-quality assembly, the Makita brand can be noted. In them, the traction allows you to choose the width of the cut. Makes it possible to make combined cuts, inclined and oblique. Of the professional options of this brand, one can highlight Makita LS-1216. Thanks to double guides, this is the most optimal choice for working on plastic and wood, makes the most accurate cuts and the widest possible, up to 107 mm and 363 mm in width. These dimensions are the maximum for instruments of this class. The cost of the unit is around 45 thousand rubles.

BOSH

This company has long secured its place in the world market as a manufacturer of high-quality and reliable things. Moreover, the gradation of the target potential client can start from a simple amateur and reach professional companies who work with tools of this brand every day with full and maximum load. Their saws are equipped with a specialized circle and a self-adjusting bed angle. For durability, the design of this brand uses aluminum and magnesium alloys.

The best budget option for a novice craftsman and just an amateur is Bosh PCM 7. This model can be easily fixed on the frame. It is equipped with a laser for precise cutting, a small disk diameter, and a 1.1 kW motor. And you can buy it for 11 thousand rubles.

Professionals can opt for the Bosh GCM 8 SJL Professional saw. Its design has a very large number of settings, which allows you to complete work of any complexity without damaging the surface or deforming the end of the cut. But it does not have the ability to regulate the number of revolutions. But there is a dust collection system, which will benefit professionals. And the cost of such a unit will already be 32 thousand rubles.

Saws from Metabo

A unique feature of Metabo miter saws is the ability to tilt and rotate the blade using a special regulator. The accuracy of the cut is ensured by the projection system, which casts a shadow on the workpiece from the disc.

The most used model is the Metabo KGS 305. The kit already includes a 2 kW motor and fairly convenient control of the adjustment levers. And the tilt angle reaches 47 degrees, and rotates 60 degrees. Good quality tool is that it can cut efficiently and accurately, and also work even with timber 100 by 100 mm. This purchase will cost the buyer 26 thousand rubles.

Saws from DeWalt

Distinctive feature of this device is the presence of a unique XRS system, which allows very precise sawing of material of any strength.

From this brand we can highlight the DeWalt DWS 780, which has a fairly rigid and reliable design base, which makes it as safe as possible to work on it. The device has a 1.65 kW motor and a speed control system. For such a copy you will have to pay 53 thousand rubles.

Don’t forget that when purchasing a tool, you will only overpay for the brand. But still, when choosing, it is best to rely on opinion experienced craftsmen, who tested different specimens under working conditions.

How to make trim from a handmade circular at home

Hello, dear readers and subscribers of Andrey Noak’s blog. In this article, I will tell you how to make a miter from a hand circular for your home use and at the same time invest a minimum amount of money for production. End of hand circular. good helper in your family, with which you can do “very big things”!

I think it's pointless to focus on the terms "circular" since everyone already knows first-hand what kind of adaptation it is, and there's plenty of topical material on my blog. I will try to tell you what a butt (face) is and provide as much as possible useful information for visual presentation.

Fittings are divided into the following types:

Pendulum;
Combined;
With a brochure.

The pendulum finish is the following design. The basis of any machine is the frame. It also provides a table, which in turn is made on a rotating mechanism with a ruler. This device allows you to set the cutting angle with its adjustment.

The cutting angle can be adjusted by moving the work table relative to the plane of the frame. The saw element is strengthened by a lever and spring-loaded using a hinge. With the help of a pendulum, the saw moves in a vertical direction.

As for the combined model option, the cutting angle can be changed, if necessary, in two directions. The device is similar pendulum saw, only an additional hinge is added to the structure. As for changing the cutting angle in the horizontal plane, it can be changed in the horizontal direction, which, in turn, is opposite to the installed drive.

A saw with a projection allows you to move the cutting element both around the axis of the hinge mechanism and in the straight direction along the cut. This is achieved thanks to the installed guide (pictured below).

For convenience on a cross-cut lathe, operators use a special circle cutting device called a stool. A simple design consisting of a board tray, pressed sheets of plywood or other material, pressing clamping elements (clamps, etc.). How does this device work? I will try to answer this trivial question simply and clearly.

Miter saw their hands.

In this video I will show you how I made it in 40 minutes from what was lying around on the balcony. Ask.

MITER SAW, with your own hands.\ FIRMWORK SAW, with their own hands.

As for the normal thickness adjustment, it consists of three parts. Support stand with measuring ruler, clamping device and device for marking the part. They are usually made from hardwood materials.

Professional equipment

Now let's talk about professional equipment. Consider round cutter ZUBR PTA-255-1800. The tool is used for cutting wooden parts and thin-walled metal. Why? This is because it can both cut a workpiece and work as a round machine.

Main advantages of the model:

Mobility;
Compactness;
Functionality;
Safety system.

This machine combines the end and the circle at the same time. Installing an adjustable head allows for high quality cutting. The machine allows you to cut longitudinally at any angle. The equipment is equipped with a drive locking mechanism. An industrial vacuum cleaner can be connected to this model to keep the workplace clean.

You can buy a transverse lathe about 15-20 thousand rubles.

Another a good option with all the gray mass of equipment can be identified by the Makita MLT100 mitral table saw.

It is used both in Everyday life, and in professional production in workshops and workshops. The design of the machine allows it to be moved on a special trolley and easily mounted in a specially designated place on a workbench. The sliding table allows you to work with bulky workpieces. The table is turned both to the side and forward. The long service life of this equipment is enhanced by the high quality of parts and materials used in the assembly.

This allows you to make a cut both vertically and at a given angle. High accuracy cutting parts due to the presence of latches, guides, scales with degrees and a ruler. The equipment combines an end and a circle at the same time.

Special advantage. the presence of an engine speed stabilization system, which, in turn, plays important role in starting up the equipment.

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A wood trimmer or miter saw cuts the ends of various processed materials. The tool is capable of cutting off unnecessary elements at a certain angle. The advantage of trimming is that when working with it, the workpiece remains motionless, and this allows you to make a neat and even cut.

Many people prefer to make trims with their own hands. The homemade installation has undeniable advantages, which we will talk about later.

Trimming saws can work on wood, metal, polymers and other materials. But the harder the material being processed, the higher the power requirements for the device.

The most popular trimming is based on the use of an angle grinder. Almost every craftsman has circular tools in his garage or at home, so finding the original tool for wood or metal will not arise.

If you manage to do everything correctly, then your broaching machine, made from a manual grinder, will have the following capabilities:

The rotation speed of the circular disk is 4500 rpm;
The length of the cut is about 350 mm.

If necessary, circular saws can be removed from the machine and used with your own hands as usual hand tool. A huge plus is that a homemade trimmer of this type is universal and can be easily disassembled.

The process looks like this.

Install the angle grinder's rotating device on the turning axis of the machine's wheel. Its fixation is carried out by a ball bearing. Preferably 150mm in size, but larger ones will also work.
The ears are welded on the outside of the bearing by welding. They will serve for fixing to the base of the machine. Fasten with M6 type screws.
It is recommended to cover the clip with a protective box so that when you work the grinder on wood or metal, shavings do not interfere with you.
The issue with broaching is easily resolved. To make it, use another element from a truck - shock absorbers. Even if they are broken, it's not a big deal. Remove all oil from the shock absorbers, make ventilation holes and tighten with mesh to prevent dust and chips from getting inside.
Install the soft start module. Due to this, you will not feel sudden jerks when turning on the circular.
The assembly of the machine with a grinder-based broach is completed by the assembly of a protection that can protect the saw blade.

Depending on the installed disk, the grinder machine is capable of working soft wood or metal, cut off the ends of the pipes. But be prepared for the fact that the power of your circular saw may not be enough to cut pipes. Focus on technical specifications your manual grinder to understand whether the machine can cut pipe elements, or whether the unit is suitable exclusively for woodworking.

This design has two main disadvantages:

To adjust the accuracy of cutting wood with a broaching machine, you need to use scraps of wood. After this, the rod can be firmly fixed and work normally;
Similar homemade installation with broaching, when cutting pipes and working on metal, it produces a lot of noise, which can at least negatively affect the mood of your neighbors.

Assembling a complex machine

There is an option with a more complex and heavier design. She can definitely handle cutting pipes. In this case, a homemade installation will not require the use of a circular saw as a component of the machine. But for certain stages of work it is better to have a circular saw on hand.

Depending on the selected components, you can get a machine with increased power. To assemble the machine yourself you will need:

Electric motor with a power of about 900 W. If you have to regularly cut pipes, you can choose a more powerful electric motor;
Metal sheet;
Metal corners;
Channel;
Hinge groups;
Bulgarian;
Welding device;
File;
Spring of impressive power.

When everything you need has been collected at the workplace, you can begin assembling the cross-cutting machine with your own hands.

A homemade bed can be made with your own hands by using adjustable supports, metal corners and bed posts.
A sheet acts as a working surface durable metal. You need to make holes in this sheet table and process them using a file.
To weld a pendulum stand for a future machine, use channels and welding machine. The structure is installed on a metal sheet. The approximate height of the stand is 80 centimeters.
The stand for the electric motor is made of metal sheet in the form of a fixed plate. Be sure to install the stand on its hinges.
The stabilizer of the electric motor of a cross-cutting machine is a powerful spring. If you manage to find one, you can completely abandon the belts and pendulum.
Using the eyebolt, you can tension and adjust the belts. The pendulum can be made of metal to make the structure reliable and durable.
Use the actuating tool to select a disk of the required diameter. For household purposes, a saw blade with a diameter of 400-420 millimeters is usually sufficient.
Be sure to provide protective covers, since assembling such a machine is accompanied by a certain degree of danger.

When choosing the option of assembling a machine with your own hands, rather than purchasing a factory-made cross-cutting machine, you need to understand that there will be quite a serious difference between them in the quality, accuracy and error of processing wood, pipes, metal and other products.

Advantages and disadvantages

Homemade trimmers have both strong and weak sides. Therefore, before starting to manufacture a machine, we advise you to compare the list of advantages and disadvantages. This may make you give up on the idea. self-assembly machine, or vice versa, be sure to try to make pipe trimming without outside help.

TO strengths homemade trimming machines include:

The production of a cross-cutting machine will require a lot of investment. less money than in the purchase of factory equipment for trimming wood, pipes, polymers, etc. On average, craftsmen spend 500-1000 rubles to convert an angle grinder into a machine;
You can choose the operating parameters for your future cross-cutting machine. These characteristics include the depth of cut, the diameter of the discs, the power of the electric motor, the dimensions of the working surface, etc.;
The assembled devices have simple design. Since you assembled and disassembled the tool yourself, there will be no problems troubleshooting.

But there are also disadvantages, among which these stand out.

For homemade machines, old, unnecessary materials and tools are usually used. This negatively affects the quality and service life.
They rarely have high power.
In some cases, savings on the purchase of a factory machine become imaginary, since a lot of money is spent on repairs, modernization, and maintenance of a home-made machine.
You are taking a safety risk with a homemade trimmer.

Having at your disposal a grinder for wood and metal, you can easily make homemade machine. Follow the instructions and adhere to safety regulations.

All photos from the article

It’s probably not worth explaining what a circular saw is, but not everyone knows such a term as a miter saw (or miter saw). Carpenters, joiners and craftsmen who deal with finishing and repair are well acquainted with these tools, because without them it is almost impossible to quickly make precise cuts in wood at given angles.

Trimmings are universal tool in terms of the material being processed. In addition to wood, they can process metal, plastic and foam. This is determined by the type of cutting blade installed. Therefore, this tool is also called a “metal and wood miter saw.”

By the way: if you want to build a house made of wood, do not forget that you need protection for the ends wooden house from fluctuations in humidity with paint or impregnation.

Wood miter saws and their design

Broach saws

A miter saw with the ability to move the saw horizontally not only around the hinge axis, but also along the cutting line in a straight line is called a miter saw with horizontal movement. Such products are also called “wood broach miter saws.” In the photo behind the electric motor two horizontal rods are visible. These are the guides for horizontal movement.

Almost all miter saws come with dust bags. There is also the possibility of connecting a dust removal system. How to do this - describes factory instructions included with the equipment.

Interestingly, making a miter saw on wood yourself is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. After all, the design principle itself is quite simple. If desired, craftsmen can even make a full-fledged cross-cutting machine. Below are devices made by yourself.

But, in our opinion, it is still better not to take risks and give preference to factory designs.

Characteristics and types of cutting discs

The following basic parameters will help you choose a good blade for a wood miter saw. And although experts say that choosing it ideally is a whole science, we will still try to figure this out.

So, the disks may differ:

By type of material;
In count cutting teeth;
By diameter;
By type of teeth;
By the angle of the teeth;
According to the permissible rotation speed.

Now - a little more detail.

Material type: solid and carbide

Monolithic discs are made of one material; they are considered not very reliable, as they quickly become dull. But they are repairable and allow you to sharpen them yourself.
The carbide disc has plates of a durable alloy, mainly tungsten carbide, at the tips of the teeth.. Such disks have earned the greatest popularity due to their reliability and high service life. However, their price is noticeably higher than that of monolithic ones.

Number of cutting teeth on the disk

small quantity: 10 - 40 pcs.
average: 40 - 80 pcs.
large quantity: 80 - 90 pcs.

The number of teeth affects two factors: cutting speed and cut quality. A large number of teeth will provide a cleaner cut, although the cutting speed will be much lower. A small number of teeth will ensure high speed cut, but the quality of the cut will be rough.

Diameter

external varies from 190 to 355 mm;
internal (landing) can take values 16, 20, 22, 30, 32 mm.

One of the most popular sizes is 185 mm.

The outer diameter mainly affects the depth of cut. Accordingly, it is recommended to select the outer diameter of the disk depending on the thickness of the material being processed.

Attention!
The inner diameter of the disk must match the diameter of the mounting pin.

Types of teeth

The following options are possible:

replacement tooth;
trapezoidal tooth;
concave tooth;
flat tooth with a chamfer.

Now - a little more about the purpose of each type.

Replaceable tooth: processed material - hard and soft wood, plywood, MDF, chipboard.
Trapezoidal tooth: suitable for cutting massive materials, plastics, chipboard, wood, non-ferrous metals (brass, copper).
Concave tooth: mainly for cutting single- and double-layer coated boards, abrasive materials, laminate.
Flat tooth with bevel: for rough longitudinal cuts in wood. Such discs are not afraid of either nails or hardened cement.

Tooth angle

positive tilt angle: from 5 to 20 degrees;
negative: mostly "-5" degrees;
zero: 0 degrees (strictly along the radius).

A wood miter blade with a positive bevel is best used for longitudinal and cross cutting of wood. Negative or zero tilt angles are recommended for working with harder materials, such as metals.

Rotation frequency

It could be like this:

small: 3800 rpm - 6000 rpm;
medium: 6200 rpm - 9000 rpm;
high: 15200 rpm - 23800 rpm.

Attention!
The number of revolutions indicated on the disk must be greater than the permissible rotation speed of the miter saw shaft.
This directly affects work safety.

Conclusion

I think from this short review you learned how to choose a crosscut tool and choose the right disc for it. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic. Good luck!