Modern graduates must decide in advance where they will go to study after graduating from school. It is for this reason that students need to know what subjects they will take in order to enter university. This opportunity allows children to start early. And our article will tell you how to do it yourself.
Statistics show that most graduates choose to take the exam humanities, such as history, social studies, literature and so on. Please note that no one has yet said that passing literature or social studies will be much easier than passing a test in physics or chemistry.
Thus, our article will tell future graduates how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History from scratch.
History structure
Every year, the structure of the exam in a particular subject is changed by the organizers. However, the essence remains the same: control of knowledge on the history of Russia. The Ministry of Education decided in 2017 that the history exam will consist of only two parts. This is not a reason for sadness or joy. The examination package of tasks consists of 25 questions. 19 of them should be given a short answer, and the remaining 6 should be given a detailed answer.
Exam questions are divided by difficulty level: basic, advanced and high. The higher the level, the higher the score for the correct answer. You need to know all these subtleties in order to understand how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History. In order to complete all tasks, the examinee has 4 hours, so the graduate must allocate time in advance in order to successfully write the work. For example, you can spend no more than 7 minutes on simple questions. The student has the right to spend up to 60 minutes on difficult ones.
When should you start preparing for the exam?
The future graduate must understand that it is impossible to adequately prepare for the Unified State Exam in history in a week. During testing, the graduate must show knowledge of Russian history from the 6th grade, when children begin to study this subject.
Russian schoolchildren study the history of the Fatherland for 4 years. Imagine how much information you will need to read and remember again.
It is best to start preparing in advance, that is, in 10th grade. Need to go to school library, take textbooks on the history of Russia for grades 6, 7, 8 and 9.
As you read teaching aids, you need to create a chronological table of events in Russian state. During all this time, it will be no less useful to compile a mini-directory in which historical figures will be recorded, information about what time they lived, who they were, what they created, and what reforms they carried out.
In order to consolidate the acquired knowledge, it is necessary to complete various tasks, as well as pass tests on topics. It is very important to create a work schedule or schedule according to which you will prepare. Now you understand history and get good scores.
There are several techniques that will help you remember a large amount of information even faster and better; we will talk about them further.
Mnemonic technologies
Many of you have no idea what mnemonics are. For those who work with large amounts of information, mnemonics are a must. So what is it? Mnemonics is a set of special methods and techniques of memorization necessary information by making associations and connections. Students actively use this technique. The brighter your association, the faster and easier the information will be stored in your memory. You ask about how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history using mnemonics? Very simple. The methods of this technology make it possible to remember the biography of historical figures.
It is enough to remember your friend who is at least a little similar to the historical figure in character, appearance, and so on. Or maybe because they have same name. The funnier and brighter the association, the easier it is to remember the information.
We are moving on to the next technology that will help you remember numbers and dates.
How to remember the date
A lot of students complain that it is very difficult or impossible to remember a particular date. This problem also includes the difficulty of remembering the formula. In order for the numbers you need to become firmly established in your memory, you need to mentally correlate them with a number that you remember well. It could be your friends and family's birthdays or someone's phone number. You can correlate the date with familiar numbers. There is another method to remember the formula. First you need to stop perceiving it as a formula. Look at it carefully, perhaps you will see some kind of figure in it. Maybe she will remind you of a word.
Attention! Be sure to write down these associations, and review your acquired material before the exam.
Cheat sheets
Many teachers have a negative attitude towards this. But in vain! The cheat sheet will come to the aid of a person who has better developed motor memory. The thing is that when a student writes down material on paper, some of the information remains firmly in his memory. In addition, the cheat sheet is also useful for its structure. It does not contain unnecessary information, because only the most important information remains on the sheet. important material. Also, using a cheat sheet is convenient to refresh your knowledge in your head.
Three sentences
This mnemonic method is useful for those taking a humanities subject, including history. The essence of the technique is that the student first reads a lecture or a paragraph of a textbook on the topic of the ticket, and then selects 3 main sentences from the material that will convey the material presented. They must be spoken out loud at least 3 times and then written down. This technique activates several types of memory at once. For other subjects you can compose work in the same way.
Universal questions
KIMs in history consist of questions of this type. What are they? Here are a few examples to give you an idea:
- arrange events in chronological order;
- establish a correspondence between the event and the year;
- enter the term you are talking about we're talking about;
- fill in the gaps in the text (sentence);
- enter the name of the figure discussed in the text;
- study the map and complete tasks on it.
Our article has come to an end. You've read a lot useful information about how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history. We hope you find it useful. Good luck with exams!
The question is increasingly becoming relevant: what is needed to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History? After all, this is not such an easy subject as it might seem at first glance. It’s very easy to get confused about events and dates. And the exam in this subject requires good preparation. How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history, what methods will be the most effective and efficient? Moreover, many do not even know where to start. But with great diligence, you can cope with any difficult task.
Quite often situations arise when you have 1–2 years to prepare for the exam, but in your head historical theme empty. It is very difficult for teenagers to decide where they want to go, and they often decide at the last moment. It seems that preparing for the Unified State Exam in History from scratch is unrealistic. But that's not true. The question is the effort put into it.
Test part
First, you need to know the dates. But it is very difficult to remember them all. There is an option that will help make this task easier.
It is easy to confuse which of the proposed events happened first. To effectively remember dates and events, associations are needed. For example, you teach the 11th century. First remember all the rulers of this century in order: Vladimir, Svyatopolk the Accursed, etc. Then learn the events that occurred during their reign. This way it will be easier to remember that baptism took place earlier than the composition of the Russian Truth, because Vladimir ruled earlier.
Contemporaries of rulers should be remembered using the same principle. For example, Metropolitan Macarius was a contemporary of Ivan the Terrible, and Patriarch Nikon was a contemporary of Alexei Mikhailovich. If you memorize a subject using this technique, you will easily pass not only the test, but it will also help you in other tasks.
Secondly, it is necessary to study cartography. Omitting this point is an unforgivable mistake. Because of it, you can lose a lot of points on the Unified State Exam. Cartography is especially necessary for those who have a priority self-study.
What's the best way to teach cartography? For example, you repeat the period of activity of a ruler. At the same time, look at all the described actions on the cards:
- how the territory of the state changed;
- with whom did he fight?
- what kind of trips he took;
- troop movements during battles.
Pay special attention to the last point when studying important historical battles, for example, the Battle of Borodino.
Thirdly, do not lose sight of cultural studies and terminology. Questions about terms often appear in assignments.
Tasks B
To cope with the tasks from Part 2, you need to read a lot, especially if you are starting to prepare from scratch. Moreover, it is advisable to read not school textbooks, but special manuals for applicants or, even better, monographs.
Also in the 2nd part there are tasks where you will need to write arguments to confirm or refute a position regarding a certain situation.
To prepare for this type of assignment, group classes and discussion of debatable issues are ideal. This is not a problem for schoolchildren. Surely they have additional classes to prepare for the Unified State Exam. But what about people who are no longer in school? On the Internet you can find a website with courses for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history. In most cases, you can choose group lessons or private lessons. Even a short visit to such courses will give an impetus to your studies. But you need to be careful on the Internet. Before contacting a company, read reviews about it.
Tasks C
One of the most difficult tasks in the exam is the essay. What does it take to cope with it with dignity? It will be necessary to describe the historical event, its causes and consequences. To write an essay well, you only need knowledge of dates, events, rulers, i.e., what was mentioned above.
When writing, do not go to extremes. For example, avoid phrases like this: “Stalin was an oppressive tyrant.”
Note! Some students who are unsure of their abilities refuse to write an essay. Never do this! Even if you are not very well prepared, you have a chance to get at least 1 point, which can be decisive.
Useful video: preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch
Self-preparation
Not everyone is lucky with history teachers. Usually people who, for certain reasons, are not tired of preparing for the Unified State Exam in history according to the program school teacher, place great emphasis on independent study. Fortunately, in modern world It's not a problem. There are many websites for preparing for the Unified State Exam, you can download or buy necessary materials, you can watch educational films at any time.
To get started, be sure to purchase a preparation book with trial options. It is necessary to solve them not only to improve the quality of knowledge, but also in order to improve your skills and not get confused during the exam.
Then it is important to select textbooks of various difficulty levels. Below are options with examples.
- School textbooks. If you are preparing from scratch, first master the school curriculum.
- Reference books: Orlova, Barabanova, Kavtsy.
- University textbooks: Sakharova, Pavlenko.
- Diagrams and tables: Kirillova, Orlova.
- Atlases "Bustard" for the school curriculum.
Of course, these are not the only ones existing materials. But they have helped more than one generation pass the Unified State Exam, and they have the most positive reviews.
Preparation materials are also available on the Internet. This could be online tests, theory, videos, help in preparing for an essay.
Some sites for preparing for the Unified State Exam in History:
- egevmeste.ru,
- hist-ege.ru,
- examer.ru.
In addition to websites on the Internet, there are various applications for your phone. Thus, online training allows you to train anywhere and anytime.
Almost always, when studying intensively, a little relaxation is needed. You can find many historical films on YouTube. The brain will be able to rest a little, but at the same time many facts will remain in memory. It's better to choose documentaries, because they have much more reliability. And don't think they are boring. If you love history, you will find them very interesting. As an example, there is a documentary film on YouTube “History of the Russian State”.
Important! Historical films for preparation should only be a supplement to the theory you have already learned. Especially lazy people who decide to prepare for the exam only using films will fail: too many facts require memorization.
Website egevmeste.ru
Some tips on how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History more effectively.
Take notes using the following table:
For a great way to remember dates, write them on pieces of paper and hang them around the house.
When you solve tests, look at the meaning of all terms that you do not know, descriptions of events, dates. In other words, gradually fill in the gaps.
Buy an atlas with contour maps and complete tasks using them. After good study, the material is remembered better.
Effective preparation for any subject: Scientists have proven that a subject is best learned when you teach it. Ask a friend or family member to help you and be a listening ear. Explain the material to him, especially your weak topics. Over time, you will realize that you understand the subject much better.
How not to miss anything
Almost all students, when starting to prepare, spend the most time ancient period. This is explained by the fact that at first people take on something with enthusiasm. But then it gradually subsides. Or, as in the case of preparing for an exam, there is no longer enough time. Then passing the history will be problematic.
In fact, you need to spend more time on the Middle Ages and Soviet times, because you will have to learn much more information about them.
Before starting classes, review the test versions of the Unified State Exam and note what topics are found there. Then start analyzing them in detail. But don’t learn everything by simple rote learning. Everything requires associations and understanding of meaning. With associative learning, it is easier to remember something or build a logical chain.
Before you make a preparation plan for the Unified State Exam in History, you need to do several things:
The last point may seem strange. Everyone has one goal - to pass the Unified State Exam. But for some, 40 points will be enough, while others need 99.
It's best to make a plan with a clear chronological order. But don't forget the tips described above.
What exactly in history do you need to know to pass the exam? There is no answer to this question. Anything can come up: questions on the chronology of historical events, historical terminology, cultural history. You will be tested on your ability to analyze historical events, work with the information presented in different types, argue your point of view.
Useful video: where to start preparing for the Unified State Exam in History
Conclusion
All that is required is to study regularly and persistently, and you already know how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History. These words may seem funny to some, but don’t worry too much during the exam. Panic can derail even a child prodigy.
In a few years Unified State Exam history will become mandatory for all Russian high school students. History frightens many not so much because of its complexity as because of the volume of material. Dates, names, important events, their causes and consequences, battles, reforms, revolutions - everything needs to be learned. If you have to take this subject in a few months, then the advice of our center’s teachers will undoubtedly be useful to you.
What does the Unified State Examination in history consist of?
The first part includes 19 tasks. You must choose the answer or write the correct one, establish the correspondence, and also correctly determine the sequence.
In the second part you will have to complete six tasks with detailed answers. Basically, this is an analysis of a fragment of a historical source, the point of view of a historical figure or historian, as well as a historical essay dedicated to a certain period.
The duration of the test is 210 minutes. The minimum score is 32.
Read more about preparation
- Practice. Solve tests, especially since previous years’ assignments are in open access. If you make a mistake, be sure to work through and learn this topic.
- Prepare yourself using school textbooks and FIPI manuals. There is nothing in the assignments that is not in the school curriculum. University textbooks are, of course, good, but they may not contain the answer to the question you will encounter on the exam. Most often it is recommended to prepare using the textbooks of A. A. Levandovsky and N. S. Borisov. Don’t forget to refer to well-known historical memoirs and monographs, this will help you better understand the material. We also remind you that for best preparation For the Unified State Exam in history, you should get a manual recommended by FIPI and practice completing the tasks. Try not to miss any of them, since you may encounter a similar exercise on the Unified State Examination itself.
- Don't memorize, but learn the dates. Pointless cramming will not help you. Each date should be filled with meaning and associations; try to imagine the event in detail. By the way, it is advisable to learn the month and day along with the year.
- Write down the characteristics of the rulers. Note the years of life and reign, features of the economy and politics, the main events that occurred while this person was in power. This will help you when completing tasks from the second part.
- Have a good rest. During breaks between classes, watch good historical films and documentaries. For example, such as “Romanovs”, “ Palace coups", "Youth of Peter", "War and Peace", films by Leonid Parfenov and other film masterpieces dedicated to different periods of Russian history.
- Don't go to extremes and don't judge superficially. IN historical essay there is no need to describe Stalin as a bloody tyrant, or Catherine the Great as a quarrelsome person. Analyze those achievements and actions politicians of that time, which influenced the formation and development of states, try to be objective. Under the leadership of Stalin, our country defeated fascism, and Catherine the Second became almost the most successful ruler of her time.
- Record everything you learn in a notebook. It’s better to have several notebooks - for notes, dates and terms. Be sure to write down everything that appears in the exam tasks, especially if you are encountering this “something” for the first time. Firstly, this way you will better remember the meaning of a term or date. Secondly, taking notes will help you quickly refresh your memory of what you covered the day before the exam.
Last but most main advice: Don’t be lazy, read and remember key events and dates. Don't leave it until the last minute, there won't be enough time! If you are more or less confident in your abilities, but feel that something is missing, we recommend enrolling in intensive courses. Under the guidance of an experienced teacher, you will be able to quickly and effectively repeat the school history curriculum, work through exam tasks and fill in gaps (if any). We wish you success!
The Unified State Exam in history is one of the popular elective exams. It is taken by those who enroll in humanities faculties: journalism, law, political science. Many people believe that history is light object and you can prepare for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch and in a year. Is it so?
The average score in history is low compared to other electives. Many people try to pass the Unified State Exam in History, but usually they pass it poorly, especially if they are preparing for the Unified State Exam in History from scratch. They are unlikely to give you a “D”, but it won’t be enough for admission!
What do graduates from the Unified State Examination program in history not know? They do not know cultural studies, cartography, and cannot compare (synchronize) events in foreign and domestic history. They confuse historical figures and terminology. Very a large number of incorrect answers in the second part, where you need to give arguments to confirm or refute the position.
Last question in version of the Unified State Exam in history - essay. It gives 11 initial points, but few students score them.
How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History from scratch? If we now begin to teach history, and at the same time we did not study history either in the seventh and eighth grades, or later, then where should we start? The first thing we pay attention to is the chronology. Yes, this is knowledge of events in chronological order. Which event follows which. And this is the most difficult thing for students! How to learn all the dates if there are so many of them? It’s good that there aren’t many questions in the Unified State Exam where knowledge of dates is tested down to the day! And yet there are so many events and dates that a high school student can become desperate.
How to learn events and dates when preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch? This is the memorization technique I recommend as an expert.
Let's say you're studying the 10th century. There are many events: the war with Byzantium in 907-911, the uprising of the Drevlyans, the pagan reform of Vladimir, the baptism of Rus', and that’s not all! How can you remember all this? First, let us remember that this is our tenth century, then we will “arrange” the personalities who ruled at this time in chronological order. Prince Oleg, in the next place - Prince Igor, Princess Olga, Svyatoslav and Vladimir. And then we will “link” to each of the princes the event that happened during his reign. This way we have a chronological sequence.
With its help, you can easily answer the question of which event happened first - the uprising of the Drevlyans or the baptism of Rus'. You will immediately remember that first there was Oleg, and then Vladimir. This means that the uprising of the Drevlyans happened earlier, and the baptism of Rus' happened later.
This is a great trick for memorizing chronology - take it and use it. By the way, each ruler must also be “linked” to his contemporaries! For example, Metropolitan Hilarion was a contemporary of Yaroslav, and Metropolitan Macarius was a contemporary of Ivan the Terrible. And if you come across the question, which of the metropolitans lived earlier and which later, you can easily answer it, knowing that Prince Yaroslav ruled first, and only then Tsar Ivan the Terrible.
The second thing that is important when preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch: while studying the topics, you need to learn cartography at the same time. For example, we are studying a historical figure - Prince Oleg. Let's look at the map: who he fought with, how he expanded his territory Kievan Rus. What historical monuments were built. We build associative connections. Example: Prince Vladimir - Tithe Church. It happens that her current appearance is not in the textbook. Then Google can help us! We search and find an illustration - a reconstruction of the Church of the Tithes. And of course, it is necessary to know the architects who built the temple.
This means that when preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch you need to:
knowledge of dates
knowledge of historical figures
cartography
cultural studies
terminology.
When preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch, make a sign: century, ruler, his domestic politics, foreign policy(reforms, wars). In the next column - write down the terms, the next column - contemporaries.
And then - the second part of the Unified State Exam on history. To prepare for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch, you need to read a lot - “read” the material. Use different sources. This will help you understand the text that you will see in the task in the second part. You will need to determine the time, the ruler, the main events described in this text. And then - the following questions, where you need to write arguments to confirm or refute the position. This is one of the most difficult questions.
For example, the baptism of Rus': its positive and negative meaning, that is, we must give two arguments with a “plus” sign and two with a “minus” sign. This means that it is necessary to consider controversial issues, of which there are many in history.
In class, we spend a lot of time on such controversial issues and develop a base that will help us complete such tasks correctly.
Now about essay writing. The essay is one of the most difficult topics on the Unified State Exam in history. It is necessary to determine exactly what events took place. The events belong to one of three periods: this is the period of the reign of the Rurikovichs, the period of the reign of the Romanovs and Soviet period. My recommendation is to carefully work out the second period. Next, you need to write why the event happened, the content of the event and its consequences, describe the personalities who are associated with this event, what role they played.
And plus historical assessment of this period- a plus sign and a minus sign.
In our courses we provide an algorithm for writing essays. We remember the chronology and analyze events from the positive and negative sides. This is how it turns out complete picture. And further additional material, which is not in the textbook. Recommended films and historical literature.
When you are preparing for the Unified State Exam in history from scratch, by March you should have a complete historical picture, and then work on tasks and complex questions of the Unified State Exam in history. History must not only be taught, history must be lived in order to pass the exam well.
The history tutor guides and focuses on complex issues The Unified State Exam teaches essay writing, arguing a position, identifying a chronological sequence, and introduces cartography and cultural studies.
Hi guys! To many, history seems like an easy subject. It seems that you can prepare for the exam on your own. But the main mistake is to underestimate the difficulty of choosing history for the Unified State Exam. So where to start preparing for the Unified State Exam in history in order to successfully pass the test?
We will help you prepare for the Unified State Exam and the Unified State Exam
Preparation for the Unified State Exam: history - theory
The exam includes three blocks:
- A1-A21 – tests with 4 options, where only one answer is correct.
- B1-B13 – in the tasks you should find the correct option, correspondence, sequence of events or give a short answer in free form.
- S1-S9 – essay.
To earn the maximum score, you need to score 30 primary points.
Materials for preparing for the Unified State Exam in History
Full preparation To pass history, it involves “reading” the material , but using different sources. Indeed, in the tasks of the second block it is necessary to determine the period, the ruler, the main events, and then argue for your position. And since history has many controversial facts and historians’ views on the same event, it is better to voice different theories and express your own opinion.
You can't limit yourself to just school materials. To develop a theoretical basis, use additional literature. This will be very helpful when completing the third block of the Unified State Exam. After all, in every event you need to highlight the positive and negative sides to convey an objective, holistic picture.
Preparation plan for the exam in history
The history of Russia is easier to study according to a plan. Need to know:
- dates;
- historical figures;
- cards;
- cultural concepts;
- terms.
Starting your preparation from scratch, make a table: century, ruler, his course of governance (internal and external). Allocate another column for terms, the next for selecting contemporaries. Such a structured presentation contains concise, basic information, it is easy to perceive visually and, accordingly, reproduce.
Reference books for preparing for the Unified State Exam in History
Today is enough good reference books in order to prepare for the history test. But many teachers advise choosing Baranov’s reference book . It outlines the course of Russian history with selected facts from general history. The structure corresponds to the content of tasks in the Unified State Examination and consists of sections devoted to ancient times and the Middle Ages, modern times and modern history. The presentation form is logical and structured using tables and diagrams for easy memorization of a large amount of material and understanding of relationships. At the end of the sections there are examples of tasks and answers, a version of self-assessment of what has been studied according to the Unified State Exam format.
Guides for preparing for the Unified State Exam in History
School textbooks will greatly help in exam preparation. For example, it is worth highlighting benefits for grades 6-9. A. Danilov, which are written in an accessible and in simple language, with a detailed presentation of the material. The text visually highlights the main concepts, dates and persons. Each paragraph comes with an illustration and a list of terms. For a more in-depth study of history, university textbooks are suitable. For example, textbooks by Sakharov, Pavlenko, Shchagin.
Books to prepare for the exam in history
Many people have difficulty with theory and memorization. historical facts. But even here, if it’s not trivial, books will help. Historical literature It is much easier to perceive and remember when events are intertwined with the destinies of personalities. Therefore, if you have problematic periods that are difficult for you, further study them through fiction.
Courses to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History
Of course, independent preparation for the exam is more difficult and not always effective, since not every graduate can organize himself. Therefore, it is better to choose courses , especially if the preparation starts from scratch. You should start in the fall, and not in the spring, as most applicants do. In six months you will have formed a full-fledged historical picture, and during the remaining three months you will work on test tasks.
Useful and helpful, it guides, helps to understand complex topics, teaches you to write an essay, argue your position, and present facts in chronological order.
Video lessons for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history
To alternate book learning with courses or individual lessons, you can independently watch video lessons on history. This is recommended for complex topics that are difficult to achieve with the same type of presentation, or for consolidating the material covered and self-control.
You can also benefit from rest. For example, watching historical films: “War and Peace”, “Youth of Peter”, etc.
Methodology for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history
Preparation for the Unified State Exam in History 2018-2019 is, first of all, , theory. It’s worth starting with chronology, that is, remembering the main historical events in correct sequence. This is the most difficult task. After all, there are a lot of dates. But experts recommend this memorization technique. For example, in the 10th century there were many events : The Russian-Byzantine War of 907, the revolt of the Drevlyans, the reform of paganism by Vladimir, the baptism of Rus', etc. First, you need to remember that all this happened in the 10th century. Then place the personalities in the order of their reign: Oleg, Igor, Olga, Svyatoslav, Vladimir. Next, “attach” an event to each person. Such step-by-step technique will make it easy to understand the chronological sequence.