Today there are many construction technologies wooden houses, including very modern ones (like frame house construction using laminated veneer lumber). But the oldest and most traditional technology- This log houses. Wherein wooden frame created by hand cutting.
What is the essence of technology?
In Rus', not only residential buildings, but also churches, storage sheds, and other buildings have been built this way since ancient times. outbuildings, which stood for decades and did not need repair. They were distinguished by a level of solidity and strength to which modern log cabins, say, from a rounded log or frame houses still very far away.
It is no coincidence that in the harsh conditions of Siberia, entire cities and fortresses were built using exactly this method, fortunately building material there was plenty at hand. Moreover, all this was built using practically only an ax.
However, these days there are not many specialists who are fluent in the craft of manual cutting. It is quite difficult to perform and requires certain qualifications.
Such log houses are assembled along the perimeter of the building from formations of round logs. Everything seems pretty simple. The only difference between the methods is how the corner joints of these logs are formed.
There are several options for corner connections. The most common are:
- with a remainder (for example, in a bowl), in which the logs protrude beyond the joint;
- without residue (for example, in the paw), in which the logs form an even angle;
- end-to-end;
- T-shaped, which are mainly used to connect walls and piers.
What is Russian cutting like?
Corner joints, which are called Russian cutting, belong to the category “with remainder”. There are even special GOSTs that determine its parameters. In particular, in accordance with GOSTs, the amount of residue for such cutting starts from 1.4 log cut diameters.
The most traditional for our country can be considered the Russian cutting with a bowl “in the okhlop” (or “in the okhlupen”). Sometimes it is also called the Siberian bowl, since this method was widespread in the regions of Siberia.
The Russian bowl cutting is, moreover, considered the most practical connection, which, in fact, explains its widespread use throughout the country for many decades. Distinctive feature The bowl used in Russian cutting is its semicircular shape.
When such a log frame is made, the bowl ends up located below the top log. A bowl is a special groove, which is cut out in a special way at the junction of logs so that their fit to each other is as tight as possible. Depending on the technique, the size and depth of the cup, as well as its location (top or bottom) become different.
The Russian felling “in the okhlop” has long been well-deserved recognition, since both the bowl and the longitudinal inter-crown groove are turned down and, as a result, are protected from any precipitation. The technique is believed to have received its name because of the characteristic “pop” sound that is heard when the logs are adjusted.
There are other varieties of Russian cutting
One of the simplest and long-known in wooden architecture methods is considered to be cutting in lower bowl(or “to the oblo”). It requires much less effort, since there is no need to turn the crown over during operation (as happens when chopping “in the middle”).
An interventional groove and a semicircular bowl are cut down on top of the log, and then the next log is laid on it.
This method has significant disadvantage: since the bowl and grooves face upward, there is practically no protection from precipitation. This means that the joints will constantly get wet, which can lead to rotting of the log house. You will have to regularly change the insulation and additionally caulk the joints.
You can combine these two methods (“in okhlop” and “in oblo”) using the bowl chopping method. With this technology, a longitudinal groove is cut in one side of the log, and a bowl in the other, opposite side. The result is a fairly protected joint, and less effort is required.
Traditional Russian felling has a lot of advantages, which is proven by well-preserved log houses built even a couple of centuries ago. Such log houses are strong, stable, sufficiently protected at the joints, providing warmth and comfort indoors.
Russian felling of log houses is the simplest and reliable way construction from round log. "ROYAL CEDAR" is a team of professionals that successfully works with round timber different diameters since 2002.
Company advantages
First-class timber. We harvest timber on our own plots, which are located in places rare for Siberian forests - on the edges and in non-swampy regions. This location provides many advantages:
- We have the ability to harvest timber at any time of the year. All units of our equipment are equipped with special grips for transporting long lengths and exclusive items with embossed butt parts.
- Our forest is characterized by high environmental performance. The Siberian region has not suffered from anthropogenic degradation of air and soil, so the wood exudes only beneficial phytoncides - it is not saturated with carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide.
Our cedar trunks are 15% smoother than the regional average, and their resistance to pathogenic bacteria increases by 10%;
Professional projects. The design section includes cutting maps and a diagram for laying the crowns. These documents are a guarantee of the identity of the sketches and the finished log house, the ability to rationally cut valuable wood and minimize waste. Detailed diagram Laying the crowns along the axes speeds up the process of assembling the house. A large log house at our site takes 2 months to cut, which is 20% faster than when assembled without diagrams.
Full guarantee for all types of work. We build turnkey houses and bathhouses and provide a guarantee for all types of work and for the log house in general. We have a well-organized work process and take care of motivating our employees. High salaries, high-quality materials, and good technical equipment attract the best carpenters and finishers to our company.
High-quality complete set of hand-cut log houses. We choose the best for our log houses! We are dealers for Remmers, Borma and Osmo. Our Customers purchase the entire line of these products at a preferential price. We are partners of factories that manufacture elite roofing coverings “Metrotile Europe”, “RUUKKI” and “BRAAS”. We cooperate with leading manufacturers of window and door designs"Rehau" and "Veka".
Compound “with remainder” and “without remainder”
There are two ways to connect the crowns - “in the head” and “in the paw”. The “paw” method is the connection of logs in the corners without leaving any residue. This method is not used in our company because it has many disadvantages:
- Ventilation of corners, large heat losses of the log house.
- Unaesthetic appearance. Over time, the connections open up, which negatively affects the exterior.
- The fragility of buildings. The decrease in service life is associated with disruption of the wood structure when cutting down the house and unprotected corners.
The only advantage This method saves from five to ten percent of wall timber. In our company, we achieve a similar result when choosing traditional cutting with remainder: using cutting cards from project documentation reduces lumber waste.
Russian cutting: technology features
- The logs are connected in corner bowls. There are two options for the arrangement of bowls - “in the oblo” (bowl in the lower log) and “in the okhlop” (bowl in the upper crown). We practice cutting “in the okhlop”, which is also called the “Siberian bowl” or “okhlupen”.
- In the top log a semicircular bowl is made to cover the bottom log. We chose the “Siberian bowl” because in this position no moisture gets inside. This increases the strength of the walls and reduces wear and tear over time. This type of hand-made log house is more durable.
- Log releases extend beyond the walls. The dimensions of the outriggers depend on the diameter of the log. A longitudinal groove is made in the upper crown, which repeats the profile of the upper part of the adjacent log.
- After the frame shrinks, the ends are cut off. Possible different variants trimming: straight, “running”, under a wedge or with a relief outline of the butt parts.
- For structural rigidity the crowns are connected to each other using wooden “nails” - dowels. The ROYAL CEDAR company uses dry birch dowels that comply with GOST. “Nails” are hammered at a distance of 1.5 - 2 meters from each other in each crown.
- The depth of the groove is equal to the radius of the log, after installation, the upper logs are raised above the lower ones by half their diameter. The selection of grooves and bowls at the ROYAL CEDAR company is carried out manually using an adze. The adze leaves the sapwood intact. The wood is cut along the fibers, in the process they are crushed, the pores and resin channels are clogged. This protects the wood from moisture and makes it durable.
- The boundaries of the grooves and bowls are drawn with a squiber. This is a modern version of the carpenter's tool "dash". The squiber allows you to make marks when cutting and provides visual control over the horizontal and vertical positions of the crowns. The exact dimensions of the bowls and grooves guarantee a tight fit of the logs and tightness of the corners.
- When assembling a log house all hidden places, including the surfaces of bowls and grooves, are treated with complex protective compounds "REMMERS", which have long term service due to deep penetration into the wood.
- Environmentally friendly insulation “Klimalan” is laid between the crowns. This is a material based sheep wool without synthetic fillers. It has high plasticity, does not rot and is not absorbed with moisture. After shrinkage, when the inter-crown gaps increase, the insulation straightens and fills the voids.
Russian cabin with a “lock” (“fat tail”)
A more durable connection is possible - “in the fat tail”. In this case, a special tenon is made, which is located in the corner joints. A groove is made in the upper log, and a tenon is cut out in the lower one. When installing the crowns, the groove is connected to the tenon and ensures a tight fit. The bowl can be oriented either up or down. This is a labor-intensive technology, but it is characterized by high performance indicators.
Russian felling "in a hook"
There are two hook cutting methods that are similar to each other.
- In the first case, the bowl is selected to the middle of the log along the axis on one side. A semicircular groove is made in the upper log with a depth to the unselected area of the bowl. This corner is completely sealed and reliably protected from blowing.
- The difference between the second one is the need for cutting inside logs until they have internal straight walls at an angle of 90 degrees. It resembles a bowl with a cut. The difference is that the inside of the log is cut to a quarter of its diameter, and the tenons are made equal along the entire length of the joint.
The ROYAL CEDAR company offers customers three design options:
- ready-made projects from our catalog;
- individual design based on amateur sketches, pictures from a magazine, or based on a detailed story about the future concept of the house;
- adjustment finished project in accordance with the Customer's requirements: minor changes in layout, choice of a different diameter.
Before developing a project or before adaptation ready-made sketches For implementation on the Customer’s site, it is necessary to conduct geological surveys and make topographic surveys. It is not recommended to begin individual design of a bathhouse or house before a complete study of the land plot.
Our company employs experienced architects, which have their own methods for minimizing material consumption. Rational design of houses reduces the cost of construction and allows you to use unspent funds on finishing the log house or on its technical equipment. If you wish, you can take a walk around your future home or bathhouse using interactive 3D modeling.
Composition of the house kit
- Wall logs;
- Lumber natural humidity For:
- floors;
- rafter system;
- lathing;
- floor or ceiling;
- Inter-crown insulation “Klimalan”;
- Dry birch dowel;
- Ruberoid;
- Protective compounds"Remmers";
- Shrinkage jacks;
- Hardware.
Construction time
Construction time depends on the complexity of the project, the diameter of the log and the workload of the production site.
Construction stages:
- Individual design: from 2 to 3 weeks;
- Pouring the foundation: 1 month. It is done simultaneously with cutting;
- Logging and creating a wall kit: 2-3 months;
- Assembly of a log house on site: 1 month;
- Shrinkage: 9-12 months;
- Finishing, installation engineering systems: 4-6 months.
Have you heard anything about the construction of Russian log houses? A Russian house is the most reliable, durable, resistant to any natural conditions house. The most important advantage is that wooden house is able to maintain an optimal indoor climate. If you are not very versed in the technology of building such houses, or have not heard anything about such houses at all, then you can contact us. Our consultants and competent specialists will tell you everything in detail, explain and help you choose the most best option for the construction of the future Russian log house.
We carry out the full range of work on the design, production and construction of houses. Russian log houses are built from round logs. Russian felling is not difficult to implement, therefore, such a house can be built in a fairly short time. At the same time, wooden houses are beautiful on the outside and cozy on the inside. A special feature of the construction of Russian log houses is that they are erected without the use of a saw. Since wood is preserved naturally, it is more protected from moisture.
Russian cutting technology requires logs of only one diameter. The variety of log connections not only affects the appearance of the future home, but also determines its pros and cons. The most commonly used types are:
- in the paw;
- into the bowl.
The first method was known to craftsmen back in the 16th century, but became widespread much later. The paw joint consists of fitting the logs one to one so that there are no protrusions left on the outside of the structure. The view is not simple and requires certain skills from the craftsmen, since accuracy of measurements is necessary. The undoubted advantage is the economy of the material and the aesthetic appearance of the log house.
When using a bowl joint, the logs are joined overlapping each other. In this case, the logs protrude 30 cm from the outside, thereby reducing usable area Houses. Nevertheless, Russian chopping into a bowl has many advantages, which is why it has become widespread. Thus, such houses are characterized by increased stability and also have excellent protection from precipitation. It is worth noting that it is the overcuts that give a special charm to the appearance of such houses.
Do you want to live in an environmentally friendly, durable and beautiful wooden house? The decision to build is a rational decision.
Russian felling is a traditional method of assembling a log house and joining corners using round logs. This method preserves the natural layer of wood, which promotes proper air filtration and creates a comfortable microclimate inside the house.
Features of the technology
Russian cutting technologies make wood and logs more durable and strong, reliable and durable, resistant to negative influences weather conditions and others external factors. This is achieved through rigid fixation and reliable fastenings, maintaining the structure and natural properties wood
The joints of the logs are connected using wooden dowels. This increases the strength and stability of the structure. It is not recommended to use for fixation metal fastenings, since they deform the wood and violate the environmental friendliness of natural raw materials. In addition, the metal is subject to corrosion, which spoils the lumber. The log begins to rot, mold and mildew appear. Russian cutting is done in two ways. This is a cut into the bowl and into the paw.
Chopping in the paw
Hand chopping or dovetail- economical and easy way fastening the corners without any residue. In this case, a paw is marked and cut out at the ends of the lumber, where to inner corner a hidden or root tenon is installed closely. The corners of the log house are sheathed with boards with insulation. The result is a round spike, which holds the materials together.
Chopping into the paw takes place without any residue, which allows you to use the entire length of the log. Parts of lumber do not protrude beyond the facade, which makes it easier external finishing, reduces construction and lumber costs. In addition, such a log house looks neat and aesthetically pleasing.
But when cutting into the house, the house needs enhanced insulation, otherwise the corners and walls will allow cold, wind and moisture to pass through. In addition, such installation requires careful and clear calculations, precise selection lumber. The logs must be the same size and fit exactly together. It is important to adjust the crowns and corners of the log house as carefully as possible.
Even minor deviations will lead to irreversible problems. There will be drafts and humidity in the house, bad smell dampness, the heat will quickly leave, and the walls will be blown through. To avoid such consequences, it is important to assemble the log house efficiently and reliably and insulate the wooden house. How to choose insulation and carry out insulation work, see.
Chopping into a bowl
In a bowl or in a log, the logs are combined with the remainder, cutting out a bowl at the end into which a transverse log is inserted. This is a rather expensive cutting method due to the complexity of installation and calculations, and due to excessive consumption of lumber. After cutting, the ends of the log protrude by 20-30 centimeters, since the products are laid overlapping. This complicates the external finishing of the log house and does not allow using the entire length of the material.
At the same time, the protruding parts of the lumber make the log house authentic and original. In addition, cutting into the bowl increases thermal insulation properties buildings and reduces heat loss to a minimum. It reliably protects the corners and frame from the effects of dampness and humidity, temperature changes and wind, cold and frost.
Regardless of the type of felling, it is important to correctly calculate and assemble the log house and select the right lumber. The MariSrub company produces logs independently, which allows you to save on delivery and the work of intermediaries. That's why we offer the lowest! We carefully control the selection of wood and every stage of log production.
Each log undergoes antiseptic treatment and protective treatment with fire retardants, which protects the lumber from rotting and darkening, fire and insects. The treatment will retain the original color and properties of natural wood for a long time. We qualitatively and reliably assemble and install the log house, carry out insulation and sealing, waterproofing work, interior and exterior finishing.
In the company “MariSrub” we can order construction wooden house from logs or timber, individually or standard project. We not only install the frame for shrinkage, but also install the foundation and roof, supply and connect network engineering. We guarantee reliability and efficiency of work!
One of the main activities of our company is cutting log houses in the classic Russian style. This technology involves the use of hand-barked logs and one of three types of corner joints. We invite you to briefly get acquainted with the features of implementing cottage projects in the classic Russian style.
Features and main differences of the technology
Houses built in the Russian style are distinguished by the following main features:
- as wall material for Russian felling of a log house, a round log is used;
- the logs are prepared primarily by hand (details described below);
- in production conditions according to the cottage project, preliminary felling of the house is carried out;
- Russian log cutting involves the use of one of three popular types connections (briefly described below);
- after preliminary adjustment of the logs and assembly of the house in production, the log house is disassembled and transported to the customer’s site;
- The final assembly of the house on the site is underway.
At home in classic style made from hand-barked logs differ not only appearance, but also a number of positive ones performance characteristics, proven over centuries. Including, they have minimal heat loss. Hand-barked logs are not prone to large cracks and crevices.
Prices for log houses
3 types of connection
Classic cutting of a Russian bowl can be done in several ways. The following three types are especially popular:
- In oblo - a semicircular bowl is carved into a log lower crown and is adjusted to the size of the upper crown. Today it is not widespread for technological reasons.
- In the okhlop - a semicircular bowl is cut out at the bottom of the upper crown and adjusted to the already laid log.
- A bowl with a protrusion (or a thermal lock “fat tail”) is an improved version of the joint in the flange, when a protrusion is additionally cut out in the bowl for the groove of the transverse crown. We use exactly this, the most complex and high-quality type of cutting.
There are other ways to cut Russian bowls, the advantages and disadvantages of which our experts will tell you about.
Harvesting and processing of logs
Logs for the construction of Russian-style houses are harvested and processed primarily by hand. The best material For these purposes, the northern forest is used for winter harvesting.
Processing of logs for the construction of a future house is carried out in several ways. Including, debarking is carried out with a scraper, a plane or using a machine high pressure. You can read more about this on our website.
In the finished log house, the logs are additionally sanded and painted in the desired color, tinted or protected with colorless compounds.
Advantages of building in a Russian bowl from the Sokolnikov Brothers
Houses in the classic Russian style of our design are:
- high-quality timber from the northern regions of Kirov, Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions, as well as the Komi Republic;
- careful manual processing of logs;
- use of any types of felling;
- work with individual and standard projects;
- felling and final assembly of the frame by the same team of experienced carpenters;
- a gift for every new log house - authentic chopped furniture to match the Russian style.
Houses in Russian classical style from the Sokolnikov Brothers
To order the construction of a house using classical Russian technology in our design, call the specified phone number. We also invite you to visit our office and own production, which can be easily found at the addresses provided in the “Contacts” section.