Do-it-yourself manual seeder for small seeds. Carrot seeder - review of ready-made and home-made devices Do-it-yourself manual seeder for seeds

15316 10/08/2019 7 min.

The arrival of the summer season in rural areas is marked start of sowing work, which begin mainly in May. Previously, such work was done manually, but with the advent of partial mechanization this process was a little simplified.

In particular, manual precision seeding drills have appeared, designed to evenly distribute seeds into the soil. By using of this device you can sow not only the most various seeds vegetables, but also sow lawn grass on the territory.

The Russian agricultural machinery market offers many different models manufactured in Europe and the USA. But, no matter what manufacturer is listed on the packaging, the main goal of these manual seeders is the same - to distribute the seed in the soil as efficiently and evenly as possible.

About the design of a seeder for manual precision sowing of seeds

Manual precision seed drill, as well as in its own design features looks a rather unpretentious invention. It consists of one or more containers where the seed will be located, a control handle and a frame located on wheels.

The wheels, which are located in front of the device, form holes or furrows, after which the seed from the hopper falls there, and the rear wheels fill the resulting hole with loose soil.

As we can see, the principle of operation is quite simple. In fact, you simply direct the unit over the area where you plan to grow various vegetable crops, and behind you there will already be holes with seeds.

At the same time, with the help of a manual seeder you can plant not only seeds lawn grass and vegetables, but also backfill with sand or fine gravel on icy and snowy paths in winter time so that you can safely walk on them without fear of falling.

In general, the process of working with a manual precision seeder can be divided into three stages:

Assembly process. First you need to install the control handle from the transport position to the working position, and then put the rear wheel on the axle (if the unit used consists of two wheels). If necessary, we adjust the marker.
Commitment regulatory actions. Depending on what kind of crop the seed will be used, the installation of a specific disc in the bunker will depend. It is difficult to confuse them because they are all properly labeled.
The depth of the share must also be adjusted according to the specific seed.
Carrying out sowing work. After we put the unit into action, torque is transmitted from its front wheel to the disk through a belt or chain drive. This disk captures the seed from the container, and the ploughshare forms the desired depth of the hole.
The marker is responsible for ensuring that the row of planted seeds was even, so it forms a line on the ground for the next row.

For convenience, as well as for uniform distribution of seeds in the soil, it is recommended to sow the first row along predetermined contours. You can drive two pegs along the edges, connecting them with rope or thread. Thus, following parallel to this border, you will get a very even and visually beautiful row.

Models, technical specifications and prices - which one is better to buy

Manual precision seeders are designed to speed up the sowing process. Therefore, few people question the feasibility of purchasing them. However, to make the right choice, you need to pay attention to several main points:

Price unit, which can vary greatly from one manufacturer to another.
The total number of containers for seed material. Again, the more data bins, the higher the cost of the device.
The depth of the holes being formed will depend on the crop whose seeds are planted.
The weight of the device also plays a role, especially when working over large areas
Presence in the unit additional accessories, making the sowing process more convenient (marker, plow for filling seed, etc.).

There are quite a lot of different models on the market from manufacturers, which differ from each other in several design aspects.

In total, there are several companies that are most widely represented on the Russian agricultural machinery market.

Newtechagro

The device from this company is to single row types units designed for planting beets, cabbage, onions, carrots and others vegetable crops. The average cost for such a seeder is about 65 thousand rubles.

SOR-1/1

SOP-1/1 from the Rosta company also applies to single-row devices. The design may include a bushing or brush sowing unit, with a row marker of half a meter. The seed container holds about two buckets of seed, which is quite enough for a small garden.

The price for such a unit is only 2-3 thousand rubles.

Model 1001-B from American company"Earthway» has six replaceable discs for a wide variety of crops. In total, using this seeder, you can plant more than 28 different vegetable crops.

The design of the unit contains a special adjusting screw that allows you to change the depth of planting of the material.

Specifications:

total weight – 4 kg;
dimensions (packed) – 350mm/200mm/700mm;
planted crops - beets, carrots, onions, peas, spinach, etc.

The cost of this unit is about 8 thousand rubles.

SR-1 and SR-2

Models SR-1 and SR-2 from the already mentioned company NPK "Rosta" also deserve special attention.

Structurally, they are somewhat different from typical manual precision seeders, because their design uses a roller, and not a rear wheel, like most models. SR-1 has a mass of 4 kg, and SR-2 weighs at least 18 kg.

In general, these devices are very similar, they differ only in size and cost - the first model will cost 4 thousand rubles, and the second one is about 7 thousand.

Models of the MSK series from the same company differ in that in their design There is no control handle.

The seeder is connected to a regular shovel handle, after which the sowing process takes place. At the same time, the average productivity of these units is about 0.2 hectares per eight hours of operation.

The cost of these models varies from 7 to 15 thousand rubles.

AL-KO US 45

Model AL-KO US 45 German manufacturer can be used throughout the year.

In summer, you can use it to plant various vegetable crops and sow lawn grass, and in winter, if you don’t have a snow blower or any other, you can spread gravel and sand on icy and snowy surfaces.

Specifications:

working width – 450 mm;
total number of holes – 23 pieces;
Hopper volume – 24 liters;
dosage – adjustable;
wheels – present in the amount of two pieces (plastic);
case material – plastic;
total weight – 3.5 kg.

The cost of this manual seeder is about 3 thousand rubles.

In general, there are many different modifications on the market, so the farmer has plenty to choose from. In particular, he can choose a drum or disk unit, belt or chain transmission, as well as the device configuration – standard or extended.

The unit pays for itself quite quickly - almost in one season.

This is explained by the fact that partial mechanization of the process makes it possible to carry out sowing work in an accelerated mode, which makes it possible to sow as much area as possible.

How to make a homemade seeder with your own hands

Do-it-yourself manual precision seed drill can be made quite simply but before starting work, you need to make sure that you have everything you need. In particular, you will need a seed container, which should be made of plastic.

This is explained by plastic products transparent, which allows you to control the amount of seed. In addition, we will need the following components:

a bolt that acts as an axis. The container with seeds will rotate on it during operation of the device;
We will also need a plastic pipe, the length of which should be identical to the depth of the plastic bin container. In addition to plastic, we will also need steel pipe, its length should be the same;
to secure the hopper we will need washers, as well as aluminum wire.

Let's move on to the assembly process. Let's describe it in the format step by step instructions so that an approximate algorithm of sequential actions is visible:

at plastic jar, which serves as a future bunker, you need determine the center. A through hole must be drilled at the marked point. We remove the cover, after which we make another through-type hole in the side, but this one is rectangular in shape;
The hopper will be filled with seed through this hole.
We place a plastic pipe in the center of the plastic jar, which will protect against material spilling out of the hopper. Then you need to install a steel pipe into this pipe and screw a bolt inside it. Then we tighten the bolt with a nut, which will allow our structure to rotate freely;
on the side plastic container marking points for future holes. The distance between them should be approximately 30 mm. We heat the nail, and then make holes in the marked places (the diameter of the nail must be chosen so that the seeds pass into the holes made by it);
Then you can move on to making the handle. You can take a regular shovel handle, then attach it to the seeder. It is fastened with a regular bolt and nut, so you need to first drill a through hole at the end of the handle into which the bolt is placed;
In order for the sowing process to be more automated, it is necessary to provide a device that would fill the holes with seeds. An ordinary sheet of iron will do, but it needs to be bent a little so that it rakes the earth better;
We attach our workpiece to the handle so that it is higher than the seed container.

In principle, our homemade device ready, i.e. you can begin full-fledged sowing work. Naturally, this scheme The device is quite simplified, but it copes with its main responsibility.

The main point of all homemade products is saving Money, so there is no point in complicating the design with additional devices.

By the way, before you start sowing, you need to preliminary preparation surfaces where work will be performed. It involves removing excess debris from the area, as well as loosening particularly hard areas of soil.

It won’t hurt to water the soil with enough water. If you have not included a device in your homemade seeder, raking holes with seeds, then we need to prepare several buckets of soil to fill our seeds.

Conclusion

Purchasing a manual precision seeder can significantly speed up the process of sowing vegetable crops. Now you don’t have to walk around the garden, sticking each seed into the ground, but you can simply direct this device, which will do everything automatically.

Precisely because of simplification manual labor The meaning of purchasing this device is beyond doubt. Moreover, the cost of some models does not exceed several thousand rubles, and this is not such a big price to pay for the convenience and quality that a manual seeder provides.

" Carrot

Planting carrots always takes a long time. If you sow seedlings in random order, then as they sprout, you will have to thin them out and remove weak shoots. To reduce planting time and to plant evenly, seeders are used. You can purchase them or make them yourself.

Seeders made for manual sowing are divided into several types:

Tukovye– recommended to simplify the process of fertilizing or distributing lime throughout the territory;
Vegetable garden– designed for sowing seeds for agricultural needs in areas near the house or gardens;
Cereals– provide for planting over vast areas – in grain fields.

A simple seeder can be made from scrap materials without spending much money. But that's it simple devices They are made only for the hole, that is, adjusting the required volume of the hole is often problematic or almost impossible.

If you make a simple seeder with your own hands, it is recommended to provide for the moment of planting various planting materials. It is necessary so that the hole made from a sheet of iron can be adjusted.

The advantages of such a device are:

Uniform seeding planting material;
Placement on the same depth;
Same distance between landings;
Simplicity in use;
Ease in building.

With the help of such a unit you can quickly and in a short time plant a large area. After working with a carrot seeder, you will not have to pull out excess seedlings, injuring those that remain for further growth.

Manual seed planter

This type of planting technology is used over vast areas. It is capable of creating even grooves and placing uniform amount seeds It can be used not only for sowing carrots, but also beets, onions, parsley, lettuce or other small seeds.

The groove is made through the movement of a wheel on which special blades or spikes are located. With these growths, the wheel creates holes of a certain size with the same depth.

The design of the seeder is such that a spout comes from the hopper, through which a certain volume of seeds is sown. The supply of seedlings is strictly regulated by a special valve.

At the back there is an additional wheel with a smooth surface, which, when moving, fills and compacts holes with planting material.

Some hand drills can have multiple rows of planting and can be adjusted for the depth of the planting hole.

Piston

A piston carrot seeder looks like a cylindrical plastic container. It fits planting material. At the bottom there is an adjustable conical hole for sowing seedlings into the soil. Above of this device there is a piston equipped with a spring.

This unit works on the principle of squeezing a certain amount into a pre-prepared hole in the ground. To prevent seedlings from scattering in different directions, a piston seeder is placed 5 cm above ground level.

Some farmers consider the piston planter to be a problematic device, and replace it with an ordinary medical syringe. But working with a syringe causes a lot of inconvenience:

When squeezing out seeds, they often scatter in different directions;
The pressure on the syringe cannot be controlled, Therefore, the seeds are poured out in different volumes.

The piston landing system is designed to large areas, but with a syringe you can’t spread much. Therefore, it is better to use a piston with spring pressure.

Funnel-shaped

One of the simplest mechanisms is a large dispenser with a miniature “spout”. The cone going into the ground has a hole, the volume of which can be adjusted by the diaphragm located inside.

Place the funnel above the ground surface at a height of up to 15 cm and gently shake the preparation.. The seeds, rolling out along the groove, are evenly placed in the furrow.

Using such a funnel-bowl, it is possible to achieve correct, even furrows, without being thickened with an excessive amount of seeds.

The disadvantage is the need to adapt or adapt to such work. If you shake frequently or vigorously, you can plant the seeds not in the furrow at all, but around the entire area.

Carrot planter made from a block

This planting method is similar to the egg tray method. To produce a planter from a block, you will need several plastic caps And wooden block. Its dimensions can be arbitrary, but it is better to stick to the proven volume of a wooden board - 5x5x50 cm.

The lids are nailed on one side. The soil needs to be loosened well so that it is airy and soft. Leveled evenly upper layer soil. The side with the lids is lowered into the soil and pressed. After the block is raised above the surface, soil substrate There are even holes left for planting carrot seeds. All that remains is to insert the prepared seedlings and sprinkle.

Mini rake for planting seeds

Raking for planting is easy to do if you have previously had experience with a hacksaw or jigsaw. For the prepared bed, you should choose a long board, such that it completely covers the area.

Also, to produce a rake you will need a block of wood up to 20 cm long - this will be the handle.

The bottom side (end) must be cut. Peculiar teeth in the shape of a trapezoid are cut out on it, so that the lower base is no more than 1 cm, and the depth reaches 2 cm. A handle is placed in the center on the flat side. This can be done using a nail. The work on the mini rake is finished.

To perform sowing, you need to lower an improvised rake onto the dug up, airy area and move it around the perimeter. In an instant, smooth grooves are formed on the site into which planting material must be placed.

Additional types of seeders

There are many methods for planting seeds. Carrot seedlings represent greatest difficulty for gardeners. They are quite small and difficult to plant evenly. After germination, a very large number of young shoots have to be removed. Therefore, it is recommended to use different methods for planting:

Seeding with toilet paper – numerous seeds are glued to a piece of toilet paper in a random or strictly defined order. Later this area is covered with a small layer of earth. When the sprouts sprout, they do not need to be discharged. The only thing is that weeds sprout abundantly among them. The disadvantage of this method is the long-term gluing of small seedlings onto a piece of paper;
Egg container seeder- an original and simple way. The advantages of this method are its simplicity and evenly planted seeds at the required distance. To do this, you need to press the tray into the ground and pour 1 or 2 seeds of planting material into the resulting holes;
Using tape– in specialized stores you can find a special tape for planting carrots. The seedlings are already glued to it in the required order and on optimal distance. Planting is easy - tape is applied to the furrow made and sprinkled with earth.

Thus, it is easy to plant carrots without a seeder at home, but before doing this you need to either spend money or be patient by placing small seeds on toilet paper. But to get a rich, and most importantly, even harvest, you can make any sacrifices.

How to make a manual carrot seeder with your own hands?

In the case when there are no extra financial resources to purchase a seeder, you can make it yourself. Before work, you should draw up a drawing and an individual design of the future unit. It is best to do everything using simple models.

For production, an axle, aluminum tubes, and wheels, as well as iron, sheet format are required. From these parts you can make an excellent homemade seeder without resorting to heavy and costly technologies.

Collection scheme:

Aluminum tubes turn into handles. It requires measuring the angle of inclination and adjusting the height of the seeder to suit your height; it is best to design the handles “from yourself”;
Seed bins are formed from iron in the form of cones or funnels. They are located on the axis so that there is a small space of 1 cm between them;
Each the funnel should go down with a sharp cone, inside of which there is a hole 0.1 cm wide;
The central axle is connected to the wheels, the bins are placed on top of the axis, to which the handles are attached;
Additionally, if desired, you can install limiter for marking rows.

Having tested the design, you can adjust it to suit yourself as needed so that the seedlings fall out evenly and at the same speed.

Thus, when using seeders, you can not only plant seeds in your garden or dacha with pleasure, but also spend less time. Besides, when working with such planting technologies, it is not necessary to remove excess shoots as the crop grows. If you follow the recommendations, you can do it yourself high-quality equipment and plant large areas not only of carrots, but also of other crops.

Manual, simple, mini - all carrot seeders are structurally different, but the operating principle is similar. The device helps to plant small seeds evenly in a row, which subsequently relieves summer residents from the need to thin out and form plantings.

A fully functional seeder is made from scrap materials: tin cans, plastic bottles, and other recyclable materials. Tools made of metal plates are intended for large peasant farms, where the goal is industrial scale growing vegetables and herbs. Making a metal seeder requires professional skills, but this tool can also be made with your own hands, especially if they are gold.

The carrot seeder must perform the following functions:

sowing in rows without gaps;
distribute seeds evenly (after a certain interval) in rows;
issue a certain amount of seed per 1 linear meter(in pieces, grams);
plant seeds at a specified depth in the soil;
do not damage the seed;
After filling the furrows, fill them with loose soil.

How to make a hand seeder from metal

A manual seeder made of metal is a prototype, in functionality and design close to tools manufactured in a factory. This mechanical device useful for large farms and greenhouses that grow carrots and other vegetables on an industrial scale.

As a result, sowing time is reduced and labor costs are saved by reducing the time for thinning seedlings. Seeds are sown in a row at a certain interval, which is adjusted manually. The principle of control of the seeder is mechanical, manual.

Operating principle of a manual seeder

When pushing the seeder, the wheels rotate, and with them the shaft, which, in turn, performs the function of a dispenser. There are small grooves on the shaft into which the seeds fall. Rotating around its axis, the roller takes a portion from the hopper. As the brush passes, excess seed material is cleaned from the recesses and one seed remains in them. With further rotation of the wheels and shaft, the seeds fall out of the niche directly into the prepared furrow.

The advantage of a manual seeder is that notches of different diameters are usually made on one shaft in a certain order. This allows you to sow seeds of various vegetable crops, such as carrots, beets, herbs, peas, beans, etc. If necessary, the cell size and number are reduced using natural wax. Yulia Petrichenko, expert

When manufacturing a seeder, excavations are made taking into account the required distance between seedlings of crops. Also, the length of the shaft, and therefore the distance between the grooves, can be made larger or smaller than indicated in the drawing.

It should be remembered that maximum length, the diameter of the shaft and wheels are dependent on each other. The parameters are clarified by performing mathematical calculations.

Materials and tools

To make a seeder you will need:

Sheet steel 1.5 mm thick.
Scissors, hacksaw for metal.
Soldering iron and hard solder.
Short bushings.
Steel strip 1 mm thick for the slider.
Metal plate 0.1 mm thick.
Brass rod with a diameter of 15 mm or a nut with an internal thread diameter of 8 mm.
Solid steel rod with a diameter of 18 mm.
Metal bushings 1 mm thick - for wheel hubs.
Tools: pliers, pliers, lathe, ruler.
Drilling machine or hand power tool.
Wooden handle.

Since the work is supposed to be serious, the preparation, assembly, and processing of parts must be carried out by a person with certain skills. This requires technical knowledge, the ability to read blueprints and work with metal and metalwork tools.

Drawing of a homemade manual seeder

Despite the apparent complexity of making a manual metal seeder, the whole difficulty lies in cutting and processing the parts correctly. Following the drawing, any person with golden hands will quickly assemble the necessary and necessary tool for gardening.

Calculation of seeder parameters

We determine the approximate number of recesses on the shaft for seeds using the formula:

n = (3.14 D q i)/(V K),

where D – wheel diameter, m; q – required number of seeds per 1 linear meter of groove, pcs.; i – gear ratio from the wheels to the shaft, when installed at the same level, is equal to the length of the shaft; B – germination rate of the sown material, in fractions; K is a coefficient that takes into account soil viscosity and wheel slip (taken equal to 0.96...0.98).

where d – shaft diameter, m; n – number of rows.

When choosing seeder parameters, consider the following: what larger diameter shaft, the better the seed capture and distribution in the recesses. Consequently, sowing occurs more evenly. Taking this into account, choose a shaft with a diameter of at least 40 mm.

Step-by-step instructions: do-it-yourself manual seeder

Main stages of preparation:

From sheet metal 1.5 mm thick, cut out blanks according to the drawing: wheel rims, bunker walls and others. If necessary, sand edges and holes.
Connect the body parts along lines and solder them with hard solder.
Solder sliding supports - short bushings - into the holes of the side parts.
Between back wall and use the shaft to make a minimum gap.
On the outside of the front wall, solder a sleeve for wooden handle. From the inside, in the upper part, install the bracket for the adjusting nut at the top, for the slider guide - at the bottom.
Make a slider from a strip of steel 1 mm thick and bend it as shown in the drawing. Solder a brush made of a thin 0.1 mm steel strip to the part.
From brass to lathe grind the adjusting nut with a rim of 0.8 mm.
Grind a shaft with 45 degree chamfers on both sides from a steel bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
Drill 6-8 recesses on the shaft with a diameter of no more than 0.4 mm (for carrots), 0.6 mm (for more large seeds). Maintain a distance between rows of at least 20 mm and make recesses in a checkerboard pattern, then the seeds will be distributed evenly in the furrows. This design has 2 rows on one shaft. If you need to sow seeds further apart, leave one row and increase the distance between the holes. Accordingly, the number of cells will decrease to 3-4.
Cut the wheel rims along the outer diameter with a hacksaw or scissors towards the center where the center line of the holes with a diameter of 10 mm passes. The number of cuts is equal to the number of holes (12). Using pliers, bend each petal outward at an angle of 45 degrees.
Cut wheel hubs from metal 1 mm thick, bend and solder into disc holes with a diameter of 20 mm.
Assemble the seeder in the following order: put the body on the shaft, then the wheels, secure the parts, and place the wooden handle.

A simple carrot seeder made from scrap materials

People say: “A good owner makes everything work.” Likewise, you can make a single-row seeder for small seeds with your own hands from recycled materials. By convenient device is Alexander Ivanovich Boldarev from Cherkassy.

Materials and tools

To make a smart seeder you will need:

The shaft is metal or plastic made from a thick-walled water pipe.
The wheel is made from an empty tin can. Wheels from a children's bicycle, etc. are also suitable.
Retaining rings for wheels.
Bunker - from plastic bottle, food container, empty shampoo bottle.
Foam rubber.
M4 screw – 4-8 pcs.
M4 nut – 4-8 pcs.
Transport bracket – 1 pc.
Wooden handle.
Restrictive ring (or clamp) – 2-4 pcs.

Tools and devices for performing work:

Screwdriver.
Drill (can be hand-held).
Drills of different diameters.
Knife and scissors.

Diagram of a seeder made from scrap materials

Instructions: how to assemble a seeder

Prepare all parts according to the drawing. Start with the shaft. In the middle plastic pipe Using a drill, drill holes of different diameters - for large and small seeds. Attention! Do not drill through the pipe.
Make wheels from empty cans. For better traction with the soil, you can put rubber rings on the wheels in several rows. In the middle, cut a hole with scissors to the diameter of the shaft.
Cut a hopper from a plastic bottle: cut off the bottom, in the walls from two opposite sides make holes for the shaft. The neck of the bottle should point down.
Place the hopper onto the shaft. Lay the foam rubber and glue it to the walls of the bottle so that when turning it, excess seeds are removed from the shaft. That is, after passing through the foam brush, the shaft should produce cells with 1-2 seeds in each.
Attach the transport bracket to the shaft.
Place the wheels on the shaft and secure with screws.
Secure the hopper - attach it with screws to the bracket through the metal plate. When the shaft rotates, the hopper should remain in place.
Insert a wooden handle.

A simple seeder for carrots and other vegetables significantly reduces labor costs. The time for sowing is reduced to several minutes per bed. The one-time costs of manufacturing a seeder are more than offset by the quick and easy landing future harvest. The service life of such a device is at least 5 years.

Spring is not only a time of renewal of nature, but also a busy time for gardening and field work, which usually begins with sowing seeds in the ground. This occupation is quite painstaking and physically difficult, since it forces for a long time be in an awkward position, bent over, which causes pain in the lower back. But today there is a way to solve this problem, and its name is a homemade seeder.

Of course, there is nothing easier than buying a seeder in a specialized store, but it is much more economical to make one at home yourself. Moreover, it is not so difficult to do this. Seeder in agriculture must meet several basic requirements:

it should sow seeds evenly in rows and beds;
sowing seeds with a seeder must be done at a certain soil depth;
Thanks to the use of a seeder, the straightness of the rows and the specified row spacing must be maintained.

The seeder layout is quite simple, although it may vary in some details and additions made based on personal needs. A homemade seeder consists of a seed reservoir mounted on a long handle. Very often it is supplemented with a small metal device, shaped like a hoe, which allows you to fill the soil. Seeders come in single-row and multi-row varieties, designed for sowing several even beds. In this case, several seed tanks are used. More complex and intricate models consist of a seed box, a rotating shaft, a brush to protect seeds from damage and deformation and adjustment of sowing density, a handle, wheels and a coulter. However, their device is quite complex and not everyone can do it at home. Let's look at how to make a seeder, using the example of the simplest, single-row manual seeder and a more complex mechanism designed for different categories seeds

What you need to make a simple manual seeder with your own hands

To make a seeder with your own hands, it is best to prepare in advance and have the following materials on hand:

a plastic container for seeds, or an ordinary flat plastic jar, for example, from a fish or mussels. Using a plastic jar is convenient because of its transparency, which allows you to see and control the presence and quantity of seeds inside, and because of its lightness;
a bolt that will serve as an axis on which our seed jar will rotate as it moves along the bed;
a piece of plastic pipe, the length corresponding to the depth of the jar;
trim metal tube, with a diameter slightly smaller than plastic;
two washers for fixing the jar;
a metal can of canned food (or part of it) for making a door covering the window for filling inside the jar required quantity seeds;
a piece of aluminum wire;
wooden handle of a convenient length for you;
a piece of metal for making an improvised hoe, or opener.

Making a simple seeder in 10 steps

Our product is quite simple to make. However, in order to avoid unnecessary difficulties in the process, we will try to describe in as much detail as possible all the work involved in making a manual seeder with your own hands.

We measure on our plastic jar and mark the center. Carefully drill a through hole right in the center. The stability and performance of the entire device depends on the accuracy at this stage of assembly.
Remove the cover. We make another small triangular hole on the side of the through hole, which is necessary for filling the seeds inside.
To prevent seeds from spilling out during operation of the seeder, we cut out an improvised valve from a metal tin can, slightly larger in size than our hole for filling seeds. It will act as a lid.
We secure our valve with aluminum wire so that it is possible to open and close the window for filling seeds by rotating the valve back and forth.
Place a piece of plastic drainage pipe in the center of the jar. This will prevent the seeds from spilling out during operation, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will prevent the jar from shrinking inward when the bolt is tightened.
We insert our piece of metal pipe into the plastic tube. Now we have made a kind of bearing, thanks to which the reservoir jar will be able to rotate freely when moving forward.
Now in metal pipe you can insert a long bolt and tighten it with a nut, having previously placed two washers at both ends of the can. This will ensure that our seeder can rotate freely when moving.
On the side of the jar we make marks with a pencil at a distance of approximately 3 cm from each other. We make holes with a pre-hot nail. When choosing a nail, it is important to consider the size of the seeds for which our seeder is designed. With small holes, large seeds will get stuck, and with large holes Too small seeds will spill out. This leaves the bulk of the work behind.
It's the pen's turn. We drill a hole for the bolt at the end of the wooden handle we have chosen. Now we screw it to our improvised seeder.
All that remains is to take care of filling the seeds with soil after sowing them in the ground. This will make it possible to further automate sowing work and reduce physical exercise for a gardener. To do this, cut out a piece from a piece of metal that is shaped like a hoe. We bend it a little so that it can rake the earth. Then we attach our hoe to the handle a little higher than the can.

That's it, the manual single-row seeder is ready for use in agricultural work.

Operating principle, advantages and disadvantages of using a simple manual seeder

The operating principle of a manual seeder is very simple. Using a hoe, we make a furrow in the ground, as with normal sowing of seeds. Then we insert our seeder into this furrow and begin to move forward. The seeder rotates, sowing seeds at equal distances. And a device in the form of a hoe immediately covers the sown with soil, saving the gardener from this part of the work too. As you can see, there are benefits from such process automation. Firstly, a do-it-yourself seeder allows you to save time and effort on sowing large areas. Secondly, it also saves seeds. A reservoir made from a plastic can allows you to see and control the presence of seeds in the reservoir and their quantity. Without a doubt, this is a very useful invention, adapted for production and use in almost every household. An undoubted advantage is the ease of manufacture and use, as well as accessibility. Supplies. However, there is also significant drawback— this seeder is designed for only one size of seed, which makes it unsuitable for sowing all others. Consequently, in order to sow a vegetable garden efficiently and quickly, and most importantly, economically, you will have to make several of these seeders with different diameters holes on the side of the product. But a more complex model of the seeder successfully fulfills this condition. Therefore, we will consider another model of the seeder.

Manufacturing technology of a universal mechanical seeder

The complex process of creating a universal mechanical seeder can also be divided into several stages, detailing each of them:

To manufacture the main working mechanism - the sowing shaft - you will need an aluminum tube with a diameter of 28 mm. Three rows of holes of different diameters are drilled on it. Each row corresponds to the diameter of certain seeds. Row 1 has a diameter of 4.5 mm and consists of 8 holes. It is intended for sowing parsley, carrots, lettuce, sorrel and similar crops. The 2nd row contains 16 cells of 5.5 mm each, intended for sowing onions into the ground. The 3rd row consists of 5 holes with a diameter of 8.2 mm, used for planting larger seeds, such as peas, beets, for example. To select a row, the seeding shaft moves horizontally relative to the seed hopper.
Let's move on to making a seed reservoir. To do this, we will use galvanized steel sheet 0.5 mm thick. This is a box 80 by 70 mm and 40 mm high. Its lower part, intended for passing seeds into the sowing shaft, is made in the form of a truncated trapezoid with a small hole at the bottom. All joints of the seed hopper are carefully sealed. Next, the hopper is attached to the seeder frame with two M5 bolts and an M6 screw, which is also a mount for the brush. The brush is located at the bottom of the hopper. With its help, the sowing density is regulated. This is done by moving the brush up or down in relation to the sowing shaft.
For better visibility and control over the number of seeds in the hopper, the lid to it is made of plexiglass. It is intended to protect seeds from scattering or blowing out. The lid is attached to the front of the hopper using furniture hinge(as on doors), and is equipped with an eccentric latch for fixing it in the closed position.
The seeder frame is made of 2.5 mm thick sheet steel. Its size is 78 by 85 mm. The length of the side parts is 90 mm, and the front and back are equal to the length of the seed hopper, that is, 40 mm. In the lower side parts, holes with a diameter of 28.05 mm are drilled for bearings into which the sowing shaft is inserted. A bracket for the handle of our seeder is welded to the front of the frame.
In the manufacture of the opener, a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.8 mm is used. The coulter is attached to the frame with two M5 bolts. Its length is 90 mm. The opener is bent in the center to form a kind of groove, which does not allow the seeds to scatter when planted, but to occupy a strictly defined place in the row in the garden bed.
Another component of a homemade seeder is, of course, wheels. We take ready-made nylon wheels. The axis for them is also our rotating seeding shaft.

That, in general, is all. Do-it-yourself mechanical universal seeder is ready. All that remains is to take a closer look at the principle of its operation.

How does a mechanical universal seeder work, its advantages

Using a rake, we make longitudinal furrows in the soil, defining with them the place for future beds. We set up the seeder by selecting and fixing the row on the sowing shaft and moving the brush. Pour the seeds into the hopper and close the lid, securing it with a latch. Then we place the seeder with both wheels on the furrows and begin forward movement. This allows the opener to evenly rake the soil to the required planting depth. You can adjust the depth of sowing seeds into the ground by turning the seeder handle up or down. The most optimal planting depth of 2.5-3 mm is achieved when the transparent hopper lid is parallel to the ground. As you can see, all the basic requirements for a homemade seeder and listed at the beginning of the article are met. The advantages of a universal mechanical seeder are ease of operation, greater coverage of work due to several rows on the sowing shaft, and cost-effectiveness in terms of seeds and time for sowing them. The disadvantage is that the assembly mechanism is quite complex and not accessible to everyone.

It becomes clear that the first considered option for a do-it-yourself seeder is most rationally used in small gardens or summer cottages. For larger crop areas, preference should, of course, be given to a mechanical universal seeder. Moreover, this type of seeder will successfully replace several simple ones homemade devices. But, despite the shortcomings of both options, it is clear that the seeder is an excellent device that makes the hard work of the gardener much easier and more efficient, and the beds in the garden are perfectly straight and evenly spaced, which will facilitate the further work of the agricultural worker in weeding and harvesting.

DIY seeder. Video

Probably, any gardener sooner or later thinks about how to make his work easier. personal plot. Various little things, tedious, repetitive work take a lot of time and effort. One of these types of work includes planting crops that have very small seeds.

It is no secret that radishes, carrots, etc. must be planted at some distance from each other in order to reap a decent harvest in the fall. And because of the small seeds of these crops, it is necessary to thicken the sowing, and after germination, thin it out, that is, spend more seeds in the spring only to then simply tear out up to 80% of the future harvest.

Methods for uniform sowing of seeds

Summer residents go to great lengths to at least slightly reduce seed consumption and ensure more or less uniform sowing of crops. Let's look at some of them.

Mixing seeds with sand. This method assumes that “diluting” the seeds with pure river sand will ensure their lower consumption. The method does not always pay off, since it is necessary to ensure that the seeds are mixed evenly, otherwise, the same thickened plantings with obvious “bald spots” where only clean sand has got into the ground will be in the garden.
Gluing seeds onto thin strips of toilet paper. This method involves quite painstaking work, which also cannot always be justified. If you are 100% sure that the germination rate of your seeds is high enough, then you can safely use it. And if not? All your work will go down the drain.
Use of manual seed drills. Probably the most convenient way planting, which does not require any preparation in advance and significantly saves both seeds and the cost of time resources. The only problem is that commercially available seeders are not very effective - they are usually primitive cones with latches through which the seeds fall unevenly.

It is much easier to spend some time in the winter and make a manual seeder with your own hands.

Types of seeders

All manual seeders are divided into several types:

garden;
fertilizer;
grain-cereals.

Garden (vegetable manual seeders) are designed for sowing crops in personal plots.

Fertilizers - used when spreading mineral fertilizer, as well as lime.

Grain-cereals - intended mainly for planting grain on large agricultural fields.

The seeder can also be single-row or multi-row. From the name it is clear that such seeders, when sowing, “scatter” the seeds in one or several rows at the same time.

Purpose of a manual seeder

The basic requirements for any seeder, whether store-bought or home-made:

uniform distribution of seeds along the entire length of the row;
reduction of seed consumption;
sowing seeds to a given depth;
gentle planting without damaging the seed.

Below we will look at examples of such seeders that you can make yourself.

Universal hand seeder

It is a box with a movable insert into which seeds are poured. Depending on the area of intended planting and the number of seeds required, this may be Matchbox, a school pencil case, a box for some kind of toy, etc. At the bottom of this box, a hole of the required diameter is drilled or pierced (approximately the size of a seed).

When planting, you just need to tilt the hand seeder in different directions so that the seeds fall into the hole. This is, so to speak, the most primitive example of a manual seeder.

It can be slightly improved by placing a spring or elastic band between the walls of the movable insert and the main container and drilling two holes in the top and bottom of the container. The upper hole in this case should be slightly larger, and the lower one should coincide with the diameter of the seed. In this case, the holes in their normal position should not coincide with each other. In this case, you can pour any number of seeds into the upper container: by pressing on it and aligning the holes, you will move a small amount to the lower compartment for planting. The entire sowing procedure will consist of simple actions: tilt - press - move - tilt - press.

For such a manual precision seeder, you can not only adapt some improvised means, but also make it out of plexiglass, polystyrene, even plywood (the plywood in this case needs to be thoroughly “cleaned” so that the seeds do not cling to uneven edges and fall out without problems). But it’s better if the top is transparent in order to monitor the number of seeds.

Such a manual seeder can be made not just one, but several with different sizes holes for different crops.

Manual carrot seeder

Another example of a manual seeder for small seeds, such as carrots. To make it you will need:

A piece of electrical box.
Micromotor with eccentric.
Battery.
Button.

Install the motor, battery and button in series on the box, connecting them to each other. It works quite simply. By pressing the button, we activate the motor, which runs on a regular battery. The motor turns the eccentric, which scatters small seeds over the surface of the soil with air currents. With a little practice, you can achieve good seeding uniformity from this manual seeder.

Manual seeder for large quantities of seeds

Perfect for sowing lawn grass, although if you make it small sizes, it will also serve as a manual seeder for precision seeding of any crops. To make it you will need:

seed box;
shaft with recesses for seeds;
wheels.

The principle of operation of such a seeder is that when the shaft rotates with wheels, a seed falls from the box into a recess on it and as they rotate, they alternately pass under the box and fall into the ground. The distance between landings will be determined by the distance between the notches on the shaft.

Such a seeder can be made from sheet iron by soldering together necessary details. The distance between the box and the bushing should be minimal, which will prevent it from falling out large quantity seeds It is enough to make recesses for small seeds of 0.4 mm, for larger ones - 0.6 mm.

It should be said that making such a manual seeder with your own hands is not entirely easy; you need to have not only the materials, but also certain knowledge. To achieve the greatest efficiency, you can take a seeder as a basis industrial production and according to her scheme, make an independent version.

Manual beet seeder

Let's look at another way to make a manual seeder for larger seeds, such as beets.

Making such an “assistant” will require a minimum of knowledge from you. So, we need:

a plastic transparent jar, for example, from canned fish;
a bolt that will serve as a shaft and rotate the container with seeds (plastic jar);
a plastic tube, the length corresponding to the depth of the jar;
the metal tube is slightly narrower than the diameter of the plastic tube;
washers to secure the container;
a metal plate for making a door that will cover the hole through which the seeds are poured (a tin from a tin can will do);
aluminum wire;
cutting of the required length.

Manufacturing

Drill a hole right through the middle of the plastic jar, and make another one on the side to fill in rectangular or triangular seeds.
Make a lid from a tin that will cover the second hole. Make sure that it fits tightly to the jar and that the seeds do not spill out through it. It is best to secure it from below, and top part leave it moving. To add the seeds, you only need to slide this lid.
Insert the metal tube into the plastic one and place it in the center of the jar, making a kind of shaft on which the jar with seeds will rotate.
Secure these tubes with a bolt, placing washers on both sides so that the container rotates freely.
Using a hot nail, we make holes of the required diameter at the required distance along the side of the can. It is clear that these sizes will depend on what crops you will sow with its help.
The seeder is ready, all that remains is to screw it to the wooden handle. For greater efficiency and automation, it can be placed on the front of the chopper. In this case, after sowing, you will immediately cover the seeds with soil using a hoe.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade manual seeders

It is clear that the main advantage can be considered that a simple seeder can be made very easily from scrap materials with minimal monetary costs, and sometimes without them at all.

But simple manual seeders are designed for sowing only one type of crop, or more precisely for one size of seeds. Making a universal hand seeder that fits all sizes is quite difficult and requires certain knowledge and skills in working with metal or plastic.

Store-bought seeders are basically all the same type; they differ only in the method of feeding seeds; the hole sizes are almost the same. You can independently make devices with different diameters, suitable for all types garden crops, and almost completely automate the sowing process.