If you have an infrared heater at home, then a thermostat is a must. The thermostat is capable of controlling and maintaining set temperature values for a long time. In addition, it will allow you to warm up the rooms in advance, reduce the risk of fire and make the atmosphere in your home as comfortable as possible. To understand the intricacies of connecting a thermostat to an infrared heater, we will first look at the principle of its operation, the mechanism of operation and highlight the main types of thermostats.
Typically, the thermostat operates cyclically, in this case the electrical network opens and closes. At this time, the temperature sensor sends signals and thereby regulates the temperature.
If the temperature rises, the resistance of the internal sensor decreases. If the resistance increases again, it is reached desired temperature, the thermostat starts and the electrical circuit opens. When the temperature drops and the sensor cools down, the reverse process occurs: the resistance increases, the thermostat turns on again, but this time the circuit shorts. Next, the thermostat is connected directly to the infrared heater and the room temperature is set automatically.
The thermostat controls the climate in the room and the main heat source. It turns itself on and off when necessary.
- As a rule, a micathermic heater is connected to a standard outlet or using a dedicated line from a machine on the electrical panel. The thermostat is built into the network between the heater and the machine.
- Pay attention to the design of the thermostat. It has four terminals: two at the input and, accordingly, the same number at the output.
- If one heater is connected, then two wires extend from the electrical panel to the terminals of the device. Two wires are connected to the terminals located at the output (positive and negative). It is important to consider polarity. The terminals are connected directly to the micathermic heater.
- If two heaters are installed, then a pair of wires are again connected from the machine to the regulator: neutral and phase, and the wiring from the regulator is already made to a pair of heaters. The connection type is parallel.
Sometimes infrared heaters with a thermostat require more complex connection. To perform each step correctly, it is better to follow the recommendations of the video, where everything is clearly shown and supplemented with comments. It all depends on the design of the thermostat and the IR heater itself:
- The thermostat is connected to the machine on the electrical panel.
- The output terminals (+ and -) are connected to the magnetic starter.
- The contacts of the starter are connected directly to the infrared heating device.
It is worth noting that this algorithm is also suitable for the controller of industrial heating devices.
Infrared heaters with a thermostat require compliance with safety rules. When working with a thermostat, you must remember about grounding. Ground loop of your climate control device must have conductors of a certain thickness and with low resistance.
It is best to place thermostats on the wall. One regulator is enough for one room. It is not advisable to cover the device with anything: fabric, curtains, interior items.
Conclusion
Why are infrared heaters with a thermostat so good? They greatly facilitate the process of controlling the climate in the room, save energy and preheat the room even if you are far from home. There are a lot of advantages, the only difficulty is to correctly connect the thermostat to the heating equipment. Therefore, it is important to follow the instructions in the manual step by step and observe safety precautions.
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Underfloor heating systems have recently become quite common. They not only increase comfort, but also serve as a good addition to the main heating system. For efficient but economical operation of the heated floor, it is necessary to install a thermostat that turns the system on or off. You can see what it looks like in the photo.
Connecting the thermostat to warm floor(water) is not mandatory, although its use contributes to more economical coolant consumption. As for electrical and infrared systems, the installation of a thermostat is essential for their operation.
Types of thermostats
These devices can be simple or complex. In simple mechanical devices, only one parameter is set - heating temperature. Complex ones have software control and an electronic display; with their help, you can configure the operation of the floor heating system, for example, turning it on and off at certain times.Connecting an electric heated floor to the controller
Heating elements can be provided electric mats or infrared film. The installation of an electric heated floor is simple: it is laid either in the thickness of the screed or on it. Lays on top flooring. As for how to connect a heated floor to a thermostat, the work is carried out as follows.Before choosing the place where the thermostat will be located. There must be a 220 V electrical network next to it. Between the electrical network and the thermostat, it is necessary to leave space for the location of the circuit breaker.
When creating an electric heated floor, you need to provide space for a temperature sensor. It is usually placed near the thermostat. It is unacceptable to cover it with furniture.
If an infrared film acts as a heating element in a heated floor system, then the temperature sensor is installed on its reverse side.
In the case when it is used to heat the floor electrical cable, which is laid in the thickness of the screed, then the temperature sensor is removed from the concrete, placing it together with the inside of the corrugated pipe. As a result, one end of the pipe is located in the thickness of the screed, and the other is brought out to the wall so that, if necessary, the faulty sensor can be removed and replaced without removing the floor covering.
After completing the installation of the electrical system, markings are applied at the place where the thermostat will be installed. The connection diagram for the heated floor controller will help with this. If the device is built-in, then a niche is made at its future location (read also: " "). To install the overhead device, use self-tapping screws and dowels.
Please ensure that the power of the heating element of the underfloor heating system and the thermostat are compatible with each other. The load on the heating element should be less maximum power thermostat.
Then connect the element wiring to the device terminals. It is imperative to follow the order of connecting the phases; the connection diagram for the heated floor thermostat will help with this. On most devices, the neutral zero is designated by the letter “N”, and the phases by “F” and “L”. In addition, the phases are also indicated by the color of the wires. The zero of these usually has Blue colour, and the phase wire is white, black or brown. Read also: "".
- installed on the device minimum temperature;
- served for meals;
- turn on the heating toggle switch;
- smoothly change the temperature, it is worth paying attention to the fact that when they turn on heating elements, there should be a click;
- check the floor heating.
Connecting a water floor system to a thermostat
Connecting a heated floor to a thermostat in this case is not necessary, but this device allows you to save on coolant. In hydronic systems, the thermostat controls the flow of water. Sensors for water floors, as well as for electric ones, can be simple or complex (programmable). Thermal sensors in water systems usually measure the temperature of the air in the room. You can see what such devices look like in the photo.When installing a water heated floor, the temperature sensor is fixed at a height of about 100 centimeters; it can be placed next to the thermostat. But we must take into account that there should be no additional heating sources near the sensor.
After it has been installed, wires are drawn from it to the thermostat. You can buy sensors to which information is transmitted via radio, but in this case you need to make sure that the signal has good passability.
After the heated floor system has been started, it must be placed next to the temperature sensor regular thermometer and set the required heating temperature on the regulator. The underfloor heating system should maintain stable performance for several hours. After testing the heated floor for normal performance, you can use them. The thermostat makes it possible to set the required temperature and thereby save on coolant.
There is nothing complicated about how to connect a floor heating regulator. But you need to follow the instructions exactly and follow the scheme for performing this work. In addition, the connection must be made with the electricity turned off - this is required by safety regulations. As a result of installing a heated floor system, within a few hours you will notice how much more comfortable the house has become.
Room thermostat
A thermostat is an automatic device necessary to regulate the operation of boiler equipment. It reads the air temperature in the room and gives a “command” to the boiler, reducing or increasing its power. Modern boiler equipment, as a rule, has built-in programmers. But there are situations when you have to connect additional equipment yourself. Let's consider how to gas boiler connect the thermostat.
Adjusting the operation of boiler equipment
There are two ways to regulate the operation of a gas boiler - manually or automatically using a room thermostat. Let's look at how this happens in practice. The degree of air heating is affected by the temperature of the coolant in the system. Increasing or decreasing it provides a comfortable microclimate with the best temperature indicators.
After the coolant reaches the set temperature, the boiler turns off. When the indicator decreases, it turns on. If the temperature delta changes outside and inside the building, the boiler operation will have to be reprogrammed. These manipulations are carried out throughout heating season, so manual adjustment is not the most convenient option.
Note! Connecting a room programmer allows you to completely solve the problem. All temperature data will be read by sensors, and the boiler will operate according to the specified program.
Installing a programmer allows you to solve another problem important problem. With manual adjustment, the boiler operates in the mode of constant short-term on-off switching. The start-up is carried out for a short period of time - about 10 minutes. Coolant circulation in the system is usually ensured pumping equipment. Moreover, it will work regardless of whether the heater is turned on or not.
All this significantly increases energy consumption. In addition, this operating mode does not have the best effect on the durability of the unit.
What does a thermostat do?
A thermostat is an automatic programmable device. The user sets it to a comfortable room temperature. When the temperature drops, the programmer automatically turns on the boiler. The response threshold may be different and depends on the model of the device. On average, the sensors are triggered when the temperature drops by 0.25 degrees.
After the boiler automatically turns on, the coolant begins to heat up and the air temperature rises. When the specified parameters are reached, the programmer turns off the boiler. At first glance, it may seem that there is no difference with manual control. In fact, there is one important difference that has a significant impact on the efficiency of heating. When turning off the boiler, the thermostat will automatically turn off the circulation pump.
Schematic diagram
The equipment will be restarted after the air temperature reaches the sensor response threshold. Since the room thermostat reacts to the temperature of the air, and not the coolant, the frequency of boiler switching on is significantly reduced compared to manual adjustment. This is explained by the fact that heated air cools much more slowly than the water in the system. Speaking in simple language, it is not so important how much the batteries cool down - as long as there is the right warmth, the boiler and pump will not turn on.
The boiler will not turn on in other cases:
- Heating the room by the sun's rays.
- Reducing the temperature delta.
- An increase in the number of people and, as a result, an increase in air temperature.
- Gaining heat through enclosing structures, etc.
As the practice of using thermostats has shown, they can save up to 30% of energy. With such indicators, we can talk about an energy-efficient heating system, reducing the cost of ensuring home comfort and saving fuel.
Installation and connection
Connection diagram
Experts recommend installing room thermostats in residential areas. Their installation, for example, in the kitchen, in the hall, in the boiler room will lead to disturbances in the operation of the system. It is advisable to choose either the coldest room, for example, a corner room, or the room where people most often gather. a large number of of people.
There should be no heat sources near the thermostat - radiators or additional heaters. It should not be hit by straight lines. Sun rays. Not the best place and for installation in a draft. You need to be careful when installing regulators near electrical appliances that emit a considerable amount of heat. All this is so-called thermal interference that interferes with the normal operation of the programmer.
The boiler is turned on and off using a relay. Modern gas boilers Regardless of their manufacturer and features, the models have connection points for a thermostat through which heating and cooling are controlled. You can connect the device using the terminal on the boiler at the desired point or using the thermostat cable included in the delivery package. How to connect additional equipment can be found in technical passport boiler, where there is not only a description, but also all the necessary diagrams.
The thermostat is connected in accordance with the recommendations of the heating unit manufacturer. As a rule, in technical documentation There is a corresponding section for the boiler. In general, installing an additional device does not cause difficulties, so you can do it yourself.
Settings
After connection, the device must be configured. This is where the instructions for the thermostat will come to the rescue. As a rule, on the front panel of the programmer there are buttons with which it is configured, as well as microswitches. Programmable hardware requires energy to operate. Thermostats operate on regular batteries.
Room mechanical
Using switches you can control:
- Heating and air conditioning.
- Sensor response delay time. For example, in the event of a short-term draft, the sensor will detect a decrease in temperature, as a result of which the boiler should turn on. The response delay will allow you to avoid false activations.
- Temperature fluctuations. For example, temperature fluctuations are set to 0.5 degrees. This means that the device will turn on the boiler when the parameter drops by 0.25 degrees, and turn it off when the value is exceeded by the same 0.25 degrees.
Using the buttons, the optimal and economical temperature is set. The optimal (comfortable) temperature will be maintained during the daytime. At night, the indicator will decrease, providing savings and preventing excessive fuel consumption. Thermostats have preset programs. If necessary, the user can select one of them for normal operation heating system. The number of such programs varies depending on the programmer model.
Advantages of automation
Automation for boiler equipment is the choice of people who need an energy-efficient heating system. Installing the cheapest programmer will provide savings of at least 15%.
In addition to this, automation has many other advantages:
Control Panel
- Solving the clock problem heating device- unreasonably frequent switching on and off.
- Setting the exact temperature regime over time - optimal/economical.
- Easy to install and configure.
- Facilitation of boiler operation.
- Increased system reliability.
- Ability to set fine settings.
Only the most obvious advantages of automation are listed here. Their practical advantages can only be learned during operation. The only thing that cannot be ignored is that it is not advisable to save on installing a thermostat. This simple and inexpensive equipment will allow you to significantly save on heating costs. For cold regions of Russia, such savings are very significant.
Conclusion
Thermostat - important element autonomous systems heating. It allows you to provide automatic operation the entire network and avoid excessive fuel consumption. This simple device is the key to long-lasting operation of both the boiler and the entire utility network. Installing a thermostat is not difficult. Based on the description and diagrams given in the instructions for the boiler and automatic device, you can connect and configure yourself without turning to specialists.
Hello, dear readers of the Electrician's Notes website.
I planned to install a heated floor in my bathroom at the beginning of November. After reading many reviews and suggestions on the forums, I chose the Thermomat heating mat, or Thermo for short, from a Swedish manufacturer.
The TVK heating cable has two conductors with a cross-section of 2.8 (mm) in double Teflon insulation. The inner sheath is made of aluminum foil (screen), and the outer sheath is made of PVC, which gives the cable additional strength and tightness, as well as uniform temperature distribution along its entire length. The cable is attached to a plastic reinforcing mesh of a certain size.
This is what it all looks like.
This heating mat is also convenient because it can be installed directly into the layer of tile adhesive. The result is a “thin warm floor”. And according to the manufacturer's instructions, it can be installed even on old tiles.
My bathroom is modest in size, so I chose the TVK-130 heating mat kit costing 3,528 rubles. Here are its characteristics:
- heating cable brand - TVK
- operating voltage 230 (V)
- size plastic mesh 0.5x2 (m)
- heating area 1 (sq.m)
- power 130 (W)
- resistance 407 (Ohm)
- maximum heating temperature up to 90°C
The supply connecting wires (made of copper) have a cross-section of 1.0 (mm2) and a length of 3 (m). They are also called “cold” because they are not heating, but only connect the TVK cable to the thermostat.
- phase L - brown color
- zero N - blue color
- screen grounding PE - yellow-green color
This kit also includes a piece of corrugation for laying the temperature sensor (temperature sensor), which comes with the thermostat. There was no thermostat included in this kit, so I had to select one separately.
How to choose a thermostat for heated floors
I chose the simplest one mechanical thermostat TR-110 from the National Comfort company.
Its cost was 1499 rubles.
I could also buy an electronic one, which has many functions, an LCD display and the ability to program, but it will be more expensive in price, and I don’t need so many “bells and whistles” in the bathroom. It would be a different matter if I used it in a water heating system.
By the way, the warranty for TR-110 is 2 years from the date of purchase.
Here is the receipt for all purchased floor heating equipment:
Total, 5000 rubles.
Purpose and technical data of thermostat TR-110
TR-110 is necessary to maintain a given temperature (from +5°C to +45°C) of the heated floor surface in the bathroom, kitchen and other rooms. This happens using a temperature sensor that comes with it. In fact, this is an ordinary thermistor, whose resistance changes in one direction or another depending on the temperature.
Technical data:
In terms of switching ability, it suits me, because... The power of the heated floor is only 130 (W) or 0.6 (A).
If your floor heating load current exceeds the maximum load current of the thermostat, then you need to use a contactor.
Installation and installation of the thermostat
First of all, you need to decide on the installation location of the thermostat. I already had an outlet installed in my bathroom, so in order not to lay a new line, I decided to install the thermostat just below the outlet and connect it with a cable from it.
Then, between the outlet and the thermostat, I made a power cable for the TR-110 thermostat.
In my case, a VVGng cable (3x2.5) was laid from the apartment panel to the socket. This line is protected by a 16 (A) circuit breaker and a 25 (A), 30 (mA) RCD. Therefore, to power the thermostat, I laid a cable of a similar brand and cross-section - VVGng (3x2.5).
If you are renovating the entire apartment, then it is advisable to lay a separate supply line for the heated floor from the apartment panel with a copper cable with a cross-section of 2.5 sq. mm. This line must be protected by a circuit breaker 16 (A) and an RCD 25 (A), 30 (mA).
To hide the power wires of the TVK-130 heating cable and the corrugation with the temperature sensor, I made a vertical groove in the wall from the floor to the thermostat socket.
All that remains is to hollow out a channel (a continuation of the groove on the wall) in the floor at a distance of 30-50 (cm) into the heating zone for laying a corrugated tube with a temperature sensor. We immediately leave it in the canal.
Then you need to lay out the TVK-130 heating mat.
To do this, we will remove all the garbage, sharp objects and dust after gating, prime old surface gender ( concrete base- screed).
Carefully lay the heating mat on the floor surface so that the temperature sensor is located at the same distance from the heating cable, and secure it with plastic brackets.
Then we apply tile adhesive to the mesh and lay the tiles. As they say in the instructions, common layer(tile adhesive + tile covering) should not exceed 2 (cm).
On the body of almost any thermostat there is a diagram of its connection. My case is no exception.
The temperature sensor (thermistor) is always connected to terminals 1 and 2. Polarity does not matter.
The thermostat supply voltage 220 (V) is supplied to terminal 6 (phase L) and terminal 5 (zero N).
I hope you know how to find the phase of the power supply. If you have forgotten, then read the article about or.
1. For two-core cable
In my case, a two-core TVK cable is used. Therefore, we will connect it to the thermostat according to the following diagram.
We connect the brown wire (phase L) to terminal 3, the blue wire (zero N) to terminal 4, the yellow-green wire (PE shield grounding) to terminal 5.
Here I ask you to pay attention to the fact that the heating cable screen is supposed to be zeroed. If you have an apartment, then the screen should not be grounded, but grounded. Otherwise, if you have an RCD installed in your panel, then it will be .
Unfortunately, this thermostat does not have a grounding terminal (PE), so you need to connect the screen of the TVK cable to the PE network conductor using. And lay the connection itself in a free space in the socket box.
Some models of thermostats already have a PE grounding terminal installed, which significantly speeds up the installation process.
2. For single core cable
If you use a single-core heating cable, then its wires (usually they white) are connected to terminals 3 and 4, and the yellow-green wire (PE screen grounding) to terminal 5.
There is a similar situation here with the heating cable screen being grounded. Read the explanation of this just above.
To install the thermostat in the socket box, you need to remove the adjustment “wheel” and bend the two latches. This way you will remove the front part of the regulator. Place the remaining part into the socket box and secure it with screws around the perimeter.
How to use the thermostat TR-110
On outside The thermostat is located:
- switch
- "wheel" for setting the desired temperature
- red LED for "on" position
The switch has two positions. If it is set to “0”, then the thermostat is disabled, if “1”, then the thermostat goes into working condition and controls and maintains the set temperature of the heated floor surface.
Just the same, with the help of the “wheel” the required temperature is adjusted according to the applied scale.
When the red LED is on, it means that the thermostat has turned on the heating system.
How it works? It's simple. We set the temperature on the regulator to 26°C. If the floor surface temperature is less than 26°C, the thermostat turns on the heating cable. As soon as the surface temperature reaches 26°C, the thermostat turns it off.
This is how you achieve both comfort in the bathroom and savings electrical energy, due to the fact that the heaters are not constantly on.
P.S. That's all. Thank you for your attention. If you have questions about this material, please ask them in the form of comments or by personal email.
In underfloor heating control systems, the role of the control unit is played by a thermostat - a device that processes information received from a temperature sensor and, in accordance with a given mode, turns the floor heating on or off.
At electrical system Underfloor heating, thermostats are required to be installed. Installing a thermostat in a water heated floor system is not necessary. But, if the floor is an additional heating measure, and the temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the circuit is above 50 degrees, installing a thermostat will solve the problem of room overheating.
Types of thermostats
Thermostats for any underfloor heating system can be:
- programmable, working according to a pre-established, including complex program;
- without software control.
Changing modes on non-programmable thermostats is done manually, using a rotary control (mechanical adjustment) or buttons (electronic digital).
Programmable thermostats are more expensive and more difficult to control, but they can save significant energy resources by turning off floor heating or lowering its temperature at night or during the day when heating is not needed.
Mechanical non-programmable thermostats are controlled by simply turning the knob to the specified level. Electronic digital - using buttons, touch panel or remote control. The price of non-programmable thermostats is lower due to the extremely simple logical part.
According to the installation method, thermostats are:
- built-in - they are installed in a special recess in the wall;
- overhead - they are attached to the wall using screws or self-tapping screws.
The choice of installation type is a matter of taste, but it does not affect functionality.
Temperature sensors
The sensors are a thermocouple made of two wires that changes the resistance of the circuit when heated. The wires are connected to the corresponding terminals of the thermostat. Sensors are:
- remote;
- built-in
Remote sensors are divided into floor or air temperature sensors. The first ones are installed simultaneously with the laying of the heating elements directly under the finishing coating, the second ones - in a place convenient for measuring the air temperature. Built-in sensors are located right inside the thermostat. Some thermostat models have both types of sensors.
In the bathroom and kitchen it is better to install thermostats with a floor temperature sensor - the air in these rooms can be heated by the stove or hot water, the floor will remain cold.
Connecting a thermostat to electric heated floors
Electric heated floors are made using a high-resistance heating cable or infrared film. They are laid on a specially prepared base, after which the floor is screeded and the finishing coating is laid.
Thermostat connection technology:
- Before installing the floor, it is necessary to determine the location where the thermostat will be located and plan its connection to the electrical network. To connect the thermostat, a voltage of 220 V is required alternating current, that is, you can connect it to a regular outlet or to a separate cable through a circuit breaker.
- When laying the floor, choose a location for the temperature sensor. It should be located near the thermostat, on an area of the floor free from furniture.
- For infrared floors, the sensor is placed on the reverse side of the film and connected to the wires going to the thermostat.
- For cable heated floors, poured concrete screed, the sensor must be placed in a metal corrugated pipe, isolating it from concrete. This measure is necessary for easy removal and replacement of the sensor in the event of its failure. A sensor embedded in concrete cannot be easily removed. The pipe is led to the wall on which the thermostat is installed.
- After laying the floor, begin installing the regulator. In the selected location, prepare a recess in the wall according to the dimensions of the built-in thermostat housing or make markings for attaching the overhead thermostat. Remove the front panel and secure the regulator in place.
- Compare the permissible switching power of the thermostat contacts with the power of the heating cable or infrared floor. If it is less, an additional magnetic starter with a coil rating of ~220V is installed. In this case, the heating cable circuit is connected to a 220 V power supply through the contacts of the magnetic starter, and the starter coil circuit is connected to the output from the thermostat.
- If the switching power of the thermostat contacts is sufficient, then the heating cable is connected directly to the output from the thermostat.
- Connect the sensor circuit to the terminals specified in the passport or instructions.
- Connect the 220 V power supply to the appropriate terminals: they are usually designated as L or F - phase and N - zero. Phasing must be observed. You can determine it by the color of the wire: if the cable is new and laid according to the rules, then the phase wire has black, brown or white insulation, and the neutral wire has blue insulation. If you connect the thermostat to a common outlet, the phase is found using a voltage indicator or an indicator screwdriver.
- Check the functionality of the thermostat:
- 220 V power supply;
- Set the minimum temperature value on the thermostat;
- Turn on the floor heating with a toggle switch;
- Change temperature regime to maximum by turning the knob or using buttons - a click should be heard, notifying that the heating circuit is closed.
Thermostats for water floor heating systems are a device for controlling a servo drive that regulates the flow of coolant into the heating circuit. They can be either electronically or manually controlled, while such control systems usually use sensors for measuring air temperature rather than floor temperature, due to the high inertia of heating.
- The sensor is installed at a height of approximately 100-120 cm above the floor level on the wall, possibly next to the thermostat. The wall should not be subjected to additional heating from heating radiators.
- Install the power supply circuits of the thermostat and the sensor circuits.
- If a thermostat with electrical connection with a servo drive is used, lay a cable to its control circuits.
- When using a radio-controlled controller, adjust it.
- The operation of the control system is checked using an external thermometer: the desired mode is set on the regulator and the temperature is measured at the location where the sensor is installed for several hours. The temperature should not fluctuate significantly.
All connection work electrical circuits must be performed with the circuit breaker turned off - this is the key to your safety!