Wiring a wall-mounted heating boiler with your own hands. Piping a heating boiler: three methods and diagrams for simple and complex systems. One-way side connection of radiators

Task heating system- creating a comfortable microclimate in the house. Competent organization heating determines the uniform distribution of heat around the perimeter of the living area, and protects the elements of the functioning unit from overheating. Boiler piping is the process of connecting equipment to hot water supply and distribution networks in accordance with operating standards.

Boiler piping components

The boiler is the core of the heating circuit and its type affects the choice of piping scheme. The main rule for installing a floor-standing boiler comes down to prohibiting its placement in the upper part of the pipeline distribution A. If the standards are violated, the boiler, which does not have conditions for air exhaust, will begin to create air pockets. The pipe leaving the boiler without an air vent must have clear vertical position.

The pipes located at the bottom of the unit will “tell” about the presence of an automatic air vent necessary for connection to the heating network. They are provided in wall-mounted electrical and gas models. This feature should be taken into account when piping the boiler, since wall-mounted monoblock models can independently cope with the release of air masses.

Boilers are sold both fully equipped and without additional elements. The necessary parts are purchased separately and included in the circuit. Those who have chosen heating with natural circulation will not find them useful.

Diaphragm tank and radiators

A paronite gasket will do. The use of tow, fum tape and rubber components is prohibited. They can catch fire, and the rubber will reduce the diameter of the pipe, which will disrupt the gas supply. Such a pipeline initially claims to long service , is able to withstand pressure exceeding 25 bar and a coolant of 95 degrees.

Features of connecting solid fuel boilers

Boilers of this type do not have the function of regulating the heat supply. The combustion of fuel cannot be interrupted, therefore, in the event of a power outage, the pump responsible for the forced movement of the coolant will stop. However, heating will continue and pressure will increase. Evolving process will destroy the entire system. To eliminate such moments, several types of emergency circuits are provided that allow you to dump excess heat. This:

Timely submission cold water.
Connection batteries to the pump.
Presence of a gravity circuit.
Additional emergency circuit.

For solid fuel boilers, the piping plays an important role - a high-quality connection will allow you to create a self-regulating system. Therefore, it is better to trust the subtleties of installation skillful hands specialists.

Gravity heating

It is necessary to pay attention to the principles of coolant circulation through the heating circuit. This - - natural movement coolant and forced circulation circuit. Distinctive feature of these types is the presence or absence of a node that forces hot water to move.

In a natural circulation system, movement in a closed system occurs under the influence of the laws of physics. The process is determined by the difference in water density. This type of heating eliminates the consumption of electricity.

Natural circulation system cannot be automatically adjusted, and this will require pipes with large diameter, which will affect the interior of the room and greater cost. If the network is subject to periodic voltage drops, this type of heating arrangement would be the best option. The system is reliable in operation and does not require attention. The natural movement pattern is suitable for a small area, although currently considered "last century".

Advantages of a natural circulation system:

Easy to install.
Independence from electricity supply.
Budget option.
Reliable operation and operation.

Forced heating system

Forced circulation ensures the creation of the necessary pressure and the account of the operation of electric pumps. The forced circulation circuit is comfortable because it is controlled automatically provided there is a stable power supply. It is permissible to select separate temperature parameters for each room, sensor-controlled systems.

Flaws systems:

Complex strapping scheme.
Inevitable balancing of parts.
Expensive service.
High cost of components.

Any installation system requires a certain number of additional parts. The option of mounting on primary-secondary rings does not imply large availability fastening and connection elements, but instead of them you will need to install pumps on heating rings. The ring system together with the floor boiler are complemented combs- heating collectors , evenly distributing the supply of coolant to the heating elements.

Schematic diagram of the strapping

Heating efficiency depends on the accuracy of the connection. The general wiring diagram for boilers of all types, including solid fuel and condensing types, is simple and looks like this:

Radiator.
Nuts " American women» - for attaching the boiler to the heating system.
Ball Valves- to disconnect the boiler from the system.
Filters for cleaning - protect against non-standard water fractions.
Thermal heads, tees, Mayevsky taps
Angles and tees.
Valves: straight through, separating, air and safety.
Expansion tanks.
Pressure gauges, thermometers, hydraulic separators, circulation pump.
Clamps and other fastening parts.

Double-circuit boiler

Now let's look at the difference between the heating scheme country house using double-circuit boiler.

A unit of this type differs from a single-circuit analogue in its universal purpose: it maintains the temperature regime of the coolant in the heating circuit, and heats water for household needs. Single-circuit generators can also indirectly heat water. The process of heat transfer occurs during the passage of the coolant through the secondary heat exchanger.

The difference between a double-circuit boiler is direct transfer of thermal energy to water. Its peculiarity is that when consuming hot water The coolant does not heat up. Parallel operation of two circuits is excluded. Practice has shown that for houses with high-quality thermal insulation, which means that with thermal inertia, the operating mode of the boiler is not important. And the heating scheme will be the same for any type of heating. Radiators and coolant provide long-term cooling. This result is due to the choice of radiators with large capacity and wide pipe diameter. A large volume of hot water can be obtained by combining a single-circuit design and a heating column. For houses with a large number of sq. m. the operation of the boiler is not of fundamental importance, and the heating schemes of the boilers will be similar.

Connection features

Double-circuit boiler should not be designed in combination with a natural circulation system- after stopping the heating of the coolant, the movement will quickly stop. The reheating process takes a long time, and the heat in the radiator is distributed unevenly. However, most models are equipped with circulation pumps.

Classic version The piping of boilers with a two-pipe scheme looks like this. Hot water rises into a supply pipe that spans the house above. Then the coolant passes through the connected risers with heating devices, which do not completely open the riser. Radiators are equipped with a jumper and a throttle necessary to regulate heat. Needed shut-off valve on the second line of eyeliner. The air vent is mounted at the top of the circuit expansion tank.

By bottom connection system, the coolant returns back. The advantage of the scheme is that it can work in natural circulation mode. The accelerator of the collector will be the pipe through which the coolant moves to the upper filling.

Typical connection errors

Safety valves

They are not used when the heating system is open. Valve purpose - protect the boiler from damage in case of a sharp increase in pressure. Usually the valve is forgotten or a model or safety group with different characteristics is installed.

During the valve response, part of the water flows out of the system, which ensures pressure release and protection. You should not insert the drain tube into the sewer, since the reason for the decrease in pressure will not be clear. You can get by with a funnel. By the way, there is no need to throw the septic tank into the coolant.

Air vent. The part must be installed immediately after installing the boiler to avoid “airing”. Often they simply forget to open it. This is also typical for wall-mounted options with a factory function. By the way, the circulation pump is also ventilated.

The air vent must stand strictly vertically upward. When it starts to leak, there is a shut-off valve in front of it, so replacing it with a new one will take a couple of minutes.

Circulation pump. The pump will operate properly only when the axis is in a horizontal position, and this position will significantly extend the “life” of the bearings.

It is advisable to protect the mechanism from dirt and debris from the outside. Strainers sold separately

Radiators. Disadvantages when connecting a panel radiator to the coolant. The radiator design involves connecting the supply pipe to the internal pipe, located almost in the center, and to the outermost one - in the return pipe. Reverse order connection will reduce the heat transfer of the radiator by half. By the way, decorative screens disrupt heat transfer by 10-20%.

Proper installation and correct power calculations will help create maximum comfort for living in a country house at any time of the year.

The boiler is the main element of any heating system. Correct piping of the boiler guarantees the efficiency of the entire complex; do-it-yourself assembly allows you to save a good amount of money. Exists general principle and a wiring diagram for heat generators; for each individual case they acquire their own configuration. This depends on the type of heating boiler and the method of circulation of the coolant, the presence of built-in equipment. The article material considers all aspects independent implementation heating boiler piping.

Types of water heating systems

According to the method of coolant circulation, water heating systems are divided into 2 types:

Scheme with natural (gravitational) circulation, open system;
Forced circulation circuit, closed type system.

In a system with natural circulation, water movement is carried out due to the difference in coolant densities. Heated water expands somewhat, acquires less density and weight, and rises upward through the system. Its place is taken by a cold coolant, which, in turn, also heats up and continues to move.

Systems of this type communicate with the atmosphere through an expansion tank open type. The tank serves as a natural air vent and absorbs excess water when heated. The expander is often equipped with an overflow pipe to release water during rapid expansion.

The gravity system is applicable only to floor-standing boilers, since wall-mounted ones have a relatively small connection diameter and a small heat exchanger. These factors will not allow the principle of natural circulation to be realized.

The boiler is installed at the lowest point of the system, from which a vertical riser rises at least 2.5 meters high. An expansion tank is installed at the top point, the pipe goes horizontal with a slope of at least 3 - 5 mm per linear meter, diverges to heating devices.

Apart from the expansion tank, no equipment is required to be installed in this circuit. The system is made of steel pipes with a diameter of 40 - 50 mm. The use of polymer (plastic) pipelines is not recommended due to the high temperature in the boiler area and the low thermal conductivity of the walls. Steel pipes themselves act as a heating surface.

Cast iron radiators with a large flow area are most often used as heating devices. Aluminum and bimetallic radiators have a small flow area - this prevents the movement of the coolant.

A closed type system is the most popular heating implementation scheme. The coolant in such a system moves forcibly, is pumped circulation pump. Operating pressure in a closed circuit is 1.5 - 2.0 kgf/cm 2, the limit (operation pressure safety valve) – 3.0 kgf/cm 2 .

Various types of materials are used for installation of systems. In this case, the pipes have a smaller diameter compared to natural circulation; hidden installation is available. The range of pipeline sizes ranges from 15 to 25 mm (internal nominal diameter).

The closed circuit is universal for all types of boilers - wall-mounted and floor-mounted. The boiler piping in this case has a set of required elements:

Expansion tank of membrane type (expanzomat);
Boiler safety group.

To ensure better performance, additional equipment is installed - a hydraulic separator (),.

Designed to compensate for pressure in the system. When expanding, the plastic membrane stretches, and excess coolant fills the water chamber of the vessel. When the membrane cools, it displaces water back under pressure. air chamber expansomat (1.0 – 2.0 kgf/cm2).

The security group includes the following devices:

Frame;
Thermal manometer;
Safety relief valve;
Manual or automatic air vent.

Wall-mounted models usually have a full set of built-in equipment - a pump, an expansion chamber and a safety group. Floor-standing models are often produced without additional equipment; it must be purchased and installed separately.

Systems with natural (gravity) circulation are upgraded by installing a pump low power. This significantly improves performance, equalizes the network temperature, and does not require the installation of other equipment.

Types of heating boilers

Heating boilers in the prism of considering the issue can be divided into 3 groups, differing in the method of piping:

Wall mounted – gas, electric, liquid fuel;
Floor-standing gas, electric, ;

The complexity of the strapping scheme depends on the presence of built-in equipment. You should know that for floor heating boilers the best materials strappings are high temperature resistant steel or copper pipes. The temperature in the area of a floor-standing boiler can reach values of 90 – 95 0 C and be limiting for the integrity of polymer pipes, even stabilized ones.

Wall-mounted boilers most often operate at temperatures up to 75 0 C; for piping they can be used polymer pipes, preferably stabilized with aluminum or fiberglass.

Floor-standing solid fuel boilers They do not have high-quality regulation of the temperature of the coolant at the outlet; they have a high temperature and a cyclic operating mode. The cyclicity is determined by the combustion time of the next load of fuel - coal, firewood, peat, briquettes, and so on. The piping of such equipment is strictly made of metal pipes. To smooth out cycles and conserve heat, a heat accumulator is included in the piping circuit.

Wall-mounted boiler wiring diagram

The boiler installation location must meet the following requirements:

Requirements attached technical documentation to the boiler;
Gas project requirements for gas boilers.

The accompanying documentation always clearly reflects the dimensions of the distances to the enclosing structures. The owner can make decisions on the placement of electric, solid fuel and liquid fuel heat generators independently, in compliance with the requirements of equipment passports.

Gas boilers of wall and floor type are installed strictly in compliance with the requirements of the agreed project. Liquid fuel boilers when replacing the burner and switching to natural gas also require the completion of the project - it is possible to change the placement point.

Wall-mounted boilers have two pipes with external threads with a diameter of ¾ inches (DN20). The following products are used for piping a boiler with a full set of internal equipment:

Ball valve ¾ with American drive – 2 pcs.;
Coarse mesh filter, internal threads¾ - 1 piece;
Brass coupling DN20 (3/4 inch);
Adapter for the selected pipe system Du20x3/4 HP (external thread).

Ball valves are installed with bends towards the boiler pipes. This allows you to turn off and remove the boiler for maintenance without emptying the system of water. The filter is designed to protect the heat exchanger from large fractions - scale, sand, etc.

Heating pipelines - polypropylene, metal-plastic, copper, cross-linked polyethylene - are connected to 20x3/4 adapters. Next, a heating system of various configurations is installed:

Single-pipe;
Two-pipe;
Collector;
Combined.

It should be noted that the volume of the built-in expansion tank in the boiler does not always correspond to the volume of the heating system. To check, you always need to carry out a verification calculation.

To do this, calculate the volume of coolant in the following equipment:

Boiler (heat exchanger capacity is indicated in the passport);
Heating radiators – internal volume;
Internal volume of pipelines.

The internal volume of water in radiators is indicated in the technical documentation for the product. In one section aluminum radiator standard height 500 mm (distance between connection centers) contains 300 - 350 ml of coolant, section cast iron radiator MS-160 - about 1.5 liters.

The internal volume of pipes is calculated based on the flow area of the pipe multiplied by the length of the pipeline (cylinder volume).

The volume of the built-in expansion chamber must be at least 10% of the total volume of the system. Otherwise, it is necessary to install an additional membrane expansion tank.

In the absence of built-in equipment typical diagram The piping consists of shut-off valves, a filter, an expansion chamber, a circulation pump, and a safety group. The make-up (filling) line from the cold water supply is mounted only to single-circuit wall-mounted boilers. Double-circuit boilers are connected to water and have a corresponding switch for replenishing the system.

The safety group is installed at the top point of the harness. It is recommended to install the circulation pump on a return pipeline that has more than low temperature. This creates the conditions for a longer pump life.

When installing the pump, you must follow the rules for installing equipment with a “dry” and “wet” rotor. Products with a “dry” rotor can be installed in any spatial position, with a “wet” rotor - with a strictly horizontal rotor position. This is due to the fact that the wet rotor bearings are cooled by the pumped liquid.

Wiring diagram for a floor-standing gas boiler

The principle of piping a floor-standing gas boiler differs little from the connection diagram for a wall-mounted heat generator; the diameters of the pipelines change. More often than not, the scheme becomes more complicated. Boilers have a higher thermal power, they are often connected to indirect heating boilers, complexes underfloor heating, fresh air heaters.

With a multi-component system the best solution is implementation into the circuit hydraulic separator, collector group. The hydrostrelka separates the coolant flows and successfully balances the system elements with each other different modes work and temperature.

Distribution manifolds with balancing valves improve the ability to regulate and balance branches.

Wiring diagram for a floor-standing solid fuel boiler

Solid fuel boilers have special treatment work, depending on the frequency of fuel loading and its calorific value. The unit operates in a cyclic mode, and at the peak of the combustion process the temperature can approach 95 0 C. Therefore, for piping the high-temperature circuit, you should use metal pipes– copper, stainless and ordinary steel.

To conserve excess heat and protect the system from overheating, a heat accumulator is included in the boiler piping circuit. This ensures heat accumulation and its rational consumption, reducing fuel consumption.

The heat accumulator in the circuit also performs the function of hydraulic separation of the primary and secondary circuits. With complete hydraulic separation, a separate expansion tank is installed in the secondary circuit, a make-up line from the cold water supply system, and a safety group are installed.

Solid fuel boilers are often equipped. The use of a heat accumulator is relevant only for closed-type complexes with circulation pumps.

Boiler piping is the most important stage in the construction of a heating system. The work can be done with your own hands, and you must adhere to the rules and diagrams described above, product data sheets and projects (in case gas equipment). In addition, it requires the installation skills of the selected equipment and materials, the necessary set of tools and equipment.

The heating boiler plays one of the main roles. The primary task is heating the coolant, and competent piping of the heating boiler is responsible for all other processes. You can wire a heating boiler with your own hands, but before starting work you need to familiarize yourself with all the nuances of the correct use of materials and diagrams.

During the piping process, various components of the heating and water supply system are connected to the heating boiler. Simply put, the piping is those parts that are located between the heating devices and the boiler. All mechanisms of this system play their role in ensuring its smooth operation. And in addition to generating heat, it must perform several more functions.

Timely compensation of coolant.
Removing air from the system.
Removal and protection from contaminants entering the system.
Ensuring the safety of the heating boiler in case of excess pressure in the system.

Tying methods

The piping can be carried out in several ways, and the choice is determined by the brand of the boiler. But in terms of functionality, all options are one closed chain of pipes and connections through which the coolant circulates. The movement of fluid in the system can be forced or natural.

A forced circulation system is achieved by installing one or more pumps. They help to use thermal energy more efficiently.

In this option, it is necessary to correctly select the pump power to ensure the necessary resistance in the pipe system.

This is the most common method, but three more options are also used, which are used for different rooms:

natural circulation;
collector classic;
pump circulation;

Now let's talk about the order in which the boiler piping should be carried out.

First you need to correctly install the heating boiler itself. To do this, at the place where it will be located, a foundation is built to secure it. It can be made from bricks or clay. Asbestos or a sheet of iron is laid on the surface.

The boiler must be positioned correctly so that it is below the level of the heating radiators. This is especially important if natural circulation is used.

The connection itself must be sealed to prevent carbon monoxide from entering the room. For this, a clay solution of thick consistency is used. If you use a gas boiler, you can build in a coaxial chimney.

To seal the chimney, use cement mortar Absolutely forbidden. Because during use it may crack.

Hood installation

To better regulate the air flow, you can install a fume hood. It will provide air inflow and outflow.

Stages of work

The heating boiler piping should be carried out according to the classical scheme in order to avoid the use of complex work.

We mount the collector

Before this work, carefully study the sticker on its body. It should contain information about which line is responsible for the supply of coolant and for the outlet.

A 1.25-inch pipe on the manifold is connected to the boiler, into the pipeline of which a 1-inch diameter pipe is inserted. Those holes that will not be used are closed with plugs.

The mixing (distribution) valve is installed on the supply pipe. It is responsible for regulating temperature. If your home has a heated floor connected to the heating system, then the valve must also be installed in the outlet pipe. With its help, the temperature of the water heated floor will be controlled within the required limits.

The pump, which circulates the coolant, is built into the return line. Its installation is possible in two ways.

The first method is a direct connection to the collector.
Second, connection to the distribution valve.

On final stage pressure and temperature control devices, in-line filters, drain balancing valves, as well as air and safety valves are installed.

This piping system is suitable for both boilers with gas method heating, and for those that operate on solid fuel.

Assistive devices

Auxiliary devices are also required for the heating system to function.

Air balloon

These are different types of devices that help remove air pockets from the system. During operation of the boiler, small pressure drops may occur, as a result of which the air that is displaced into top part system may interfere with circulation. This will affect the heat transfer of the entire system.

Of all the variety of air vents, it is best to choose an automatic one. By installing such an air vent, you will forget about air jams, because it will independently release the air that accumulates in the system.

Sump

Piping heating boilers with natural water circulation does not require the installation of such devices. Gas and solar boilers do not like pollution very much. They are equipped with thin heat exchanger channels and a dirt-sensitive impeller. In such cases, installing a mud trap is simply necessary.

Emergency strapping scheme

Regardless of the heating boiler piping method you choose, you need to provide an emergency operation circuit. This will ensure uninterrupted operation even in the event of an emergency, such as a power outage.

Strapping schemes

Video

We bring to your attention the owner's story about piping the boiler himself.

We are planning to install a double-circuit gas boiler in the house. What schemes are there, how to choose? Does the fact that the gas boiler is turbocharged or chimney affects the diagram? What influences the choice of scheme?

The connection diagram for all types of double-circuit boilers is the same, since both the turbocharged and chimney boilers have the same arrangement of pipes for connecting the boiler to the heating, water supply and gas systems.

Before starting the connection, it is necessary to install a filter for coarse cleaning. This will prevent debris from getting into the boiler. A shut-off valve should be installed on the boiler return, which is necessary in order to eliminate the need to air the coolant in the heating system. The crane must be mounted on detachable connection so that you can remove it if necessary.

The choice of scheme is influenced by the number of storeys of the house and the amount of area that needs to be heated. The simplest scheme is a single-pipe or Leningradka, used for a one-story house.

This is what such a diagram looks like:

Numbers 1 to 9 indicate Ball Valves installed in the cold (1) and hot (2) water supply system, on the supply (3) and return (4) heating pipes, for draining the coolant (5 and 6), on the heating return (8 and 9). The remaining numbers indicate the squeegee (10), magnetic filter (11) and gas filter (12).

A more complex scheme is a two-pipe one, when the boiler will heat either coolant or hot water, but in no case at the same time. It is used for two-story houses with a large number of rooms. From the boiler, heated water or coolant is sent to the supply pipeline, which should be located in the attic or to the heat supply risers, and a jumper and an adjustment throttle are installed on each radiator. Through the lower pipeline, which serves to drain the coolant, it returns to the boiler.

The connection diagram also includes installation of boiler piping, which may vary depending on the type of boiler and heating system. The piping is arranged with automatic or natural circulation.

What is the wiring diagram for double-circuit boilers?

The connection diagram for all types of double-circuit boilers is the same, since both a turbocharged and a chimney boiler have the arrangement of pipes for connecting the boiler to heating, water supply systems...

Wiring diagram for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler

During the construction process, owners of country houses must decide a very important issue: how the premises will be heated. As a rule, private houses do not have the ability to connect to central system heating, so we have to look for alternative options.

There are several ways to set up an autonomous heating system at home. The option with gas double-circuit boilers is popular. The system operating on blue fuel has a number of advantages. It is reliable and affordable, since gas is not in short supply in our territories. With its help, you can arrange such a grid that there will be heat not only in small house, but also the cottage.

Traditional piping scheme for a gas wall-mounted boiler

Most often, owners give preference to double-circuit boilers. They are functional and reliable, allowing you to provide your home not only with heat, but also hot water. There are many models of heating equipment on the market. The effectiveness of the system depends not only on the device, but also on the quality of installation work. Before proceeding with installation, you need to familiarize yourself with the design of the device, and also understand what the piping diagram of a double-circuit gas boiler is.

Double-circuit boiler design

Wall-mounted double-circuit boilers are very profitable and convenient. Their main advantage is their compact size. The equipment can be installed in almost any room, for example, in the bathroom or kitchen. Of course, experts recommend entrusting the installation of heating devices to professionals, however, if you really want to, you can do this yourself, having first familiarized yourself with the device, the operating principle and the nuances of installing the boiler. You also need to find out what the wiring diagram for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler is.

A wall-mounted boiler is something like a small boiler room. It consists of the following elements:

two heat exchangers. One is responsible for heating the coolant in the heating system, the second for hot water supply. As a rule, they work alternately. To avoid the inconveniences arising from this, you should buy devices with a dual heat exchanger;

Installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler

The piping scheme is determined by the type of heat exchanger.

Strapping schemes

So, five pipes are adjacent to the double-circuit gas boiler. One transports fuel, the others circulate water. If everything is clear with the gas outlet, then you will have to tinker with the water channels.

one pipe is designed to connect the main coolant pipe to the return circuit of the heating system;
the second channel connects the same coolant from a different angle with the supply pipe;
the third channel is used to connect the additional coolant pipe to the water pipe;
and the fourth pipe connects the channel supplying hot water to the tap with the second coolant.

Wiring diagrams for various gas boilers

The wiring diagram of a gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler determines its operating principle. In this case it turns out as follows.

First, water is distributed from the main heat exchanger.
Next, the heating circuit is closed through a three-way valve, and the coolant begins to flow into the additional heat exchanger. Hot water is being heated, heating is still in standby mode.
When the hot water tap closes, the system immediately switches to heating the coolant that circulates through the heating pipes.

Note! This scheme is not without its drawbacks. For a family consisting of two or three members, such a boiler will be quite enough. If the family is large, this type of heating system will not be able to serve the house efficiently. Troubles will arise during operation.

With boiler

If a boiler is also connected to the system, then the circuit will differ slightly from the general one. The number of pipes does not change. In this case, the heating circuit of the boiler is looped with an additional heat exchanger. Water pipe connects directly to the boiler itself, without contacting the heat exchanger. From the boiler, hot water is transported to the tap. There is hot water, but the heating system did not stop functioning.

This scheme is different undeniable advantages, among which are the following:

prevents clogging of the heat exchanger with sediment that remains after heating the water from the water supply;
When hot water is used, the heating system does not turn off.

Boiler wiring diagram

But the question may arise: why install an additional boiler if the boiler is a double-circuit one and is required to provide the house with hot water. This may seem disadvantageous. However, there are cases when such a solution cannot be avoided, for example, if the boiler is already installed and copes well with heating the house, but there is not enough hot water for the family.

With electric boiler

The correct wiring diagram for a double-circuit gas boiler, which operates together with an electric heating device, is slightly different from the option described above. The main pipe of the additional heat exchanger is connected to the water supply, the second pipe is connected to the heating device. Mixers with an electric boiler are connected through pipes.

This scheme is quite beneficial in a number of cases. There is always hot water in the boiler; the temperature is maintained using a special heater. If you buy a device of sufficient volume, you will never face the problem of lack of hot water. You can save on both fuel and electricity, since water is in heating device It will arrive already warm. And there will be no interruptions in the operation of the heating system.

Important points

There are several ways to organize heating and hot water supply systems. The gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler is one of best options increase the comfort of living in a country house. To avoid unforeseen situations during operation, care should be taken to ensure high-quality installation. When purchasing a device, pay attention to its power, whether it is enough to ensure the comfort of the family.

Note! Not only water, but also antifreeze can act as a coolant. If one type was used first, and then the injection of a second is planned, the pipeline should be thoroughly flushed beforehand. When antifreeze combines with water molecules, an explosion can occur.

If a high-quality double-circuit gas boiler is selected for organizing the heating system of the house, and the installation work, you will not have to deal with such troubles as malfunctions of the heating system, leaks and leaks, lack of hot water or insufficient heat indoors. To prevent problems, entrust the installation of heating equipment to professionals, because it is not as simple as it might seem at first glance.

Wiring diagram for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler: installation

What could be the wiring diagram for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler? Advantages of schemes with boilers or electric heating devices. What do you need

Correct piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler - device, diagram, connection

Correct, competent, high-quality organization of home heating contributes to uniform heat distribution throughout the living area. Piping a gas wall-mounted boiler with two circuits is a process during which the equipment is connected to the hot water supply. Properly executed piping fully ensures the supply of heat to the radiators and high-quality operation of the boiler.

Proper piping will have a much better effect on the operation of the boiler than purchasing expensive equipment.

Why do you piping a boiler?

The design of a double-circuit gas wall-mounted boiler requires mandatory piping.

The piping of a gas wall-mounted boiler is carried out in order to increase the service life of the system, as well as to ensure that the equipment does not overheat.

Thanks to the piping, the room quickly warms up to comfortable temperature, which is maintained for the required time. The most relevant piping is for solid fuel gas boilers. Timely installation of a wall-mounted double-circuit solid fuel gas boiler can completely replace expensive gas heating.

Piping a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler is a cost-saver and a way to effectively distribute thermal energy.

Classic strapping patterns

The design of a double-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler necessarily involves its piping, which guarantees long-term use of the heating system.

In order to avoid sudden temperature changes, you need to turn Special attention to regulate the inlet and outlet temperatures.

At the very beginning, circulation is carried out in a small circuit until a certain temperature is reached.

Upon reaching desired temperature, circulation is carried out along a large circuit. It would be correct to create several circuits in order to ensure high-quality temperature control.

Circulation pump.
Distribution valve.
Expansion tank.
Filters.
Clamps, fasteners and other elements.

Piping a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler can be done in several ways.

Exist following methods connections to the energy system: DHW system, heating and underfloor heating system.

The piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler can be carried out using a direct or mixing circuit.

Emergency strapping scheme

The design of a wall-mounted gas boiler provides for an emergency boiler piping circuit. The emergency circuit ensures the full functioning of the heating system in emergency situations.

There are the following types of emergency piping scheme:

The source of water supply to the heating system is plumbing. A double-circuit wall-mounted gas heating boiler for such cases must have a hydraulic accumulator.
Gravity circulation for the boiler. After the pump is turned off, a special circuit is turned on small sizes, whose work is aimed at removing excess heat inside the heating system.
Powered by UPS. In order for the uninterruptible power supply to work at the right time, you must always monitor the charging of the batteries.
Double-circuit wall-mounted gas heating boiler for emergency situations provides for the presence of a special circuit - emergency. The emergency circuit is a part of the heating system that makes the forced and gravity circuit work simultaneously.

Before connecting a wall-mounted gas boiler and to correctly select the piping scheme, you should study and take into account many factors, evaluate the material capabilities and design of the heating system in the building.

The double-circuit wall-mounted gas heating boiler provides more complex circuit piping than a boiler with one circuit, but such a system is much more efficient and practical.

Connecting a gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler is complex step by step process which requires technical skills and knowledge. But if you prepare for this process, then connecting a gas boiler and organizing the boiler piping yourself is quite possible. Which scheme is better to choose depends only on the design of the heating system and personal wishes.

One of the optimal schemes is considered to be piping with natural circulation, since it is not difficult to do it yourself.

Heating boiler piping diagrams for various types of circulation and circuits

When building autonomous heating At home, it is important to properly think through and carry out the piping of gas, solid fuel and electric boilers. let's consider possible schemes and piping elements, let's talk about classic, emergency and specific circuits, as well as the main equipment of these circuits.

The basic principles of piping a boiler of any design are safety and efficiency, as well as the maximum service life of all elements of the heating system. Let's consider various options organization of heating in order to make a balanced and most suitable decision for a particular case during individual construction.

Connecting the boiler to power supplies

If the boiler is operating at gas fuel, then you need to organize a gas supply to it. For main gas supply, this must be done by a gas service employee. If the heating is from cylinders, you need to conclude a lease agreement with Gaztekhnadzor, and entrust the installation to a company that has permission to this type works All work related to gas is potentially dangerous and this is not the moment when you should save money and do the work yourself.

1. Heating supply. 2. Hot water for domestic needs. 3. Gas. 4. Cold water to the DHW circuit. 5. Heating return

When using bottled gas, a reducer must be used that combines a group of cylinders

The electric boiler must be connected to the network. The boiler and terminal box must be grounded; all connections are made with copper wiring with a cross-section no less than that specified in the technical data sheet for the equipment.

A solid fuel boiler is always autonomous and only requires the connection of heating and hot water supply pipes. Connections to electrical circuits Only automatic control units, if they are enabled, require power.

Single and double circuit boilers

Single-circuit boilers are designed primarily for heating. Only one circuit passes through them, including automation, pipe distribution and radiators. An indirect heating boiler can also be included in the circuit to supply hot water to the mixers of washbasins, showers and bathtubs. The boiler power is selected with an appropriate power reserve. The feasibility of such a connection in most cases is somewhat questionable, since it disrupts the stability of the heating system by sudden heat withdrawal. The problem can be solved by equipping the circuit with a complex control system, which in some models may come complete with the boiler.

Single-circuit boiler with indirect heating boiler: 1. Boiler. 2. Boiler piping. 3. Radiator. 4. Indirect heating boiler. 5. Cold water input

In a double-circuit boiler, hot water supply, along with heating, is included in the functions of the boiler and constitutes one of its two circulation circuits. More stable operation of both systems is achieved when boilers are equipped with two separate heat exchangers for two circuits. Feature of the system: no hot water storage tank.

Connecting a double-circuit boiler: 1. Boiler. 2. Heating boiler piping. 3. Heating circuit. 4. Cold water input

Boiler piping diagram for natural circulation

Natural circulation is based on the laws of physics - thermal expansion of the coolant and gravity, therefore the boiler piping does not include pressure equipment.

In order for the water in the circuit to move continuously, several rules must be followed.

The boiler should be located at the lowest point of the house, preferably in the basement or in a specially equipped pit.

The pipeline from the top point to the heating radiators, and from them to the “return”, must be made with a slope of at least 0.5° to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the system.

Heating with natural circulation. H - the difference in the levels of the supply and return lines, determines the pressure in the heating circuit

The diameter of the heating distribution pipes must ensure a water speed of no lower than 0.1 m/s and no higher than 0.25 m/s. Such values must be taken in advance and checked by calculation, based on the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet (gradient) and the difference in height along the axes of the boiler and radiators (at least 0.5 m).

The gravitational contours of the boiler can be open and closed types. In the first case, an open-type expansion tank is installed at the highest point of the system (in the attic or roof), which also acts as an air vent.

The closed system is equipped with a membrane tank located on the same level as the boiler. Since the closed system does not have direct contact with the atmosphere, it must be equipped with a safety group (pressure gauge, safety valve and air vent). The group is arranged in such a way that air valve was at the highest point of the contour.

Natural circulation systems are independent of power supply and are most common where electrical networks are absent or unreliable.

Boiler piping diagram for forced circulation

The stimulator of water movement in a forced circulation circuit is a circulation pump. The circuits can also be open (with an open type expansion tank) and closed (with a membrane tank and a safety group).

The circulation pump, as a rule, is installed in the place where the water temperature is the lowest - at its entrance to the boiler, and is mounted on the same site. The pump is selected based on a heating calculation showing required consumption coolant, and boiler characteristics. The coolant flow rate is regulated based on the return water temperature based on an impulse from a sensor installed at the boiler inlet.

1. Boiler. 2. Security group. 3. Expansion tank. 4. Circulation pump. 5. Heating radiators

One- and two-pipe heating system wiring

The single-pipe system is widely used in apartment buildings old buildings. The water temperature from radiator to radiator is constantly decreasing, which leads to an uneven supply of heat to individual rooms. In a two-pipe system, the coolant is distributed evenly across all radiators; when it loses temperature, it enters the second pipe - the “return”. Thus, two-pipe system provides the house with heat more evenly.

1. Single-pipe wiring diagram. 2. Two-pipe wiring diagram

Manifold wiring diagram of the heating system

If there are a large number of heating radiators located on different floors, or when connecting a “warm floor”, the best scheme The wiring is collector. At least two collectors are installed in the boiler circuit: on the water supply - distributing, and on the “return” - collecting. The manifold is a piece of pipe into which taps with valves are inserted to allow regulation of individual groups.

Collector group

An example of connecting a heating circuit and a “warm floor” system using a manifold group

Collector distribution is also called radial, since the pipes can radiate in different directions throughout the house. This scheme is one of the most common in modern houses and is considered practical.

Primary-secondary rings

For boilers with a power of 50 kW or more or a group of boilers that are intended for heating and hot water supply to large houses, a primary-secondary ring scheme is used. The primary ring consists of boilers - heat generators, secondary rings - heat consumers. Moreover, consumers can be installed on the forward branch and be high-temperature, or on the reverse branch and be called low-temperature.

To ensure that there are no hydraulic distortions in the system and to separate the circuits, a hydraulic separator (arrow) is installed between the primary and secondary circulation rings. It also protects the boiler heat exchanger from hydraulic shocks.

If the house is large, then after the separator a collector (comb) is installed. For the system to work, you need to calculate the diameter of the arrow. The diameter is selected based on the maximum productivity (flow) of water and flow speed (not higher than 0.2 m/s) or as a derivative of the boiler power, taking into account the temperature gradient (recommended value Δt - 10 ° C).

Formulas for calculations:

G—maximum flow rate, m 3 /h;
w is the speed of water through the cross section of the arrow, m/s.

P—boiler power, kW;
w—water velocity through the cross section of the arrow, m/s;
Δt—temperature gradient, °C.

Emergency circuits

In forced circulation systems, the pumps are dependent on a power supply that may be interrupted. To prevent boiler overheating, which can damage the equipment or even lead to depressurization, boilers are equipped with emergency systems.

First option. Source uninterruptible power supply or a generator that will power the circulation pumps. In terms of efficiency, this method is one of the most optimal.

Second option. A small reserve ring is being installed, operating on the gravitational principle. When the circulation pump is turned off, a natural circulation circuit is switched on in the system, ensuring the release of heat from the coolant. The additional circuit cannot provide full heating.

Third option. During construction, two full-fledged circuits are laid, one operates on the gravitational principle, the second using pumps. Systems must have the ability to exchange heat and mass during an emergency period.

Fourth way. If the water supply is centralized, then when the pumps are turned off, cold water is supplied to the heating circuits through a special pipe with a shut-off valve (a jumper between the water supply and heating systems).

Heating boiler piping diagrams for various types circulation and circuits

When building autonomous heating at home, it is important to properly think through and perform the wiring of gas, solid fuel and electric boilers. Let's look at possible schemes and strapping elements, let's talk about

Unlike electric and gas heating units, solid fuel boilers are almost never equipped with circulation pumps, a safety group, or adjustment and control devices. Everyone solves these issues independently, choosing a heating device piping scheme in accordance with the type and features of the heating system. Not only the efficiency and performance of heating, but also its reliable, trouble-free operation depends on how correctly the heat generator is installed. That is why it is important to include in the diagram components and devices that will ensure the durability of the heating unit and its protection in the event of emergency situations.

In addition, when installing a solid fuel boiler, you should not give up equipment that creates additional convenience and comfort. you can solve the problem of temperature differences when rebooting the boiler, and an indirect heating boiler will provide the house with hot water. Have you thought about connecting a solid fuel heating unit according to all the rules? We will help you with this!

Typical wiring diagrams for solid fuel boilers

The opinion that a solid fuel boiler is an obsolete unit covered with dirt and soot is wrong, isn’t it?

The complexity of controlling the combustion process in solid fuel boilers leads to high inertia of the heating system, which negatively affects the convenience and safety during operation. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the efficiency of units of this type directly depends on the temperature of the coolant. For efficient heating operation, the piping must ensure the temperature of the thermal agent is within 60 - 65 ° C. Of course, if the equipment is not integrated correctly, such heating at above-zero temperatures “overboard” will be very uncomfortable and uneconomical. In addition, the full operation of the heat generator depends on a number of additional factors - the type of heating system, the number of circuits, the presence of additional energy consumers, etc. The ones presented below take into account the most common cases. If none of them meets your requirements, then knowledge of the principles and structural features of heating systems will help in developing an individual project.

Open type system with natural circulation in a private house

First of all, it should be noted that open gravity-type systems are considered the most suitable for solid fuel boilers. This is due to the fact that even in emergency cases associated with a sharp increase in temperature and pressure, the heating will most likely remain sealed and operational. It is also important that the functionality of the heating equipment does not depend on the availability of power. Considering that wood-burning boilers are installed not in megacities, but in areas remote from the benefits of civilization, this factor will not seem so insignificant to you. Of course, this scheme is not without its drawbacks, the main ones being:

free access of oxygen to the system, which causes internal corrosion of pipes;
the need to replenish the coolant level due to its evaporation;
uneven temperature of the thermal agent at the beginning and end of each circuit.

A layer of any mineral oil 1–2 cm thick, poured into the expansion tank, will prevent oxygen from entering the coolant and reduce the rate of evaporation of the liquid.

Despite its shortcomings, the gravity scheme is very popular due to its simplicity, reliability and low cost.

Installation diagram of a solid fuel unit in an open heating system

When deciding to install using this method, keep in mind that for normal coolant circulation, the boiler inlet must be at least 0.5 m below the heating radiators. The supply and return pipes must have slopes for normal coolant circulation. In addition, it is important to correctly calculate the hydrodynamic resistance of all branches of the system, and during the design process try to reduce the number of shut-off and control valves. Proper work systems with natural coolant circulation also depend on the installation location of the expansion tank - it must be connected at the highest point.

Closed system with natural circulation

Installation on the return line will avoid the harmful effects of oxygen and eliminate the need to control the coolant level.

Design of membrane expansion tank

When deciding to equip a gravity system with a sealed expansion tank, consider the following points:

the capacity of the membrane tank must contain at least 10% of the volume of the entire coolant;
a safety valve must be installed on the supply pipe;
the highest point of the system must be equipped with an air vent.

Additional devices that are included in the boiler safety group (safety valve and air vent) will have to be purchased separately - manufacturers very rarely equip units with such devices.

The safety valve allows the coolant to be discharged if the pressure in the system exceeds a critical value. A normal operating indicator is considered to be a pressure of 1.5 to 2 atm. The emergency valve is set to 3 atm.

You will learn more about this system in our next article:.

Features of systems with forced coolant movement

In order to equalize the temperature in all areas, a circulation pump is integrated into the closed heating system. Since this unit can provide forced movement of the coolant, the requirements for the level of installation of the boiler and compliance with slopes become negligible. However, you should not give up the autonomy of natural heating. If a bypass branch is installed at the outlet of the boiler, then in the event of a power outage, the circulation of the thermal agent will be ensured by gravitational forces.

Using a bypass will allow you to switch to natural way coolant circulation

The electric pump is installed on the return line, between the expansion tank and the inlet fitting. Thanks to the lower coolant temperature, the pump operates in a more gentle mode, which increases its durability.

Video: Tying a solid fuel boiler

Correct installation of a solid fuel boiler in a closed heating system

A huge advantage of solid fuel boilers is that their installation does not require any permits. It is quite possible to carry out the installation yourself, especially since this does not require any special tool, no special knowledge. The main thing is to approach the work responsibly and follow the order of all stages.

Boiler room arrangement

The disadvantage of heating units used to burn wood and coal is the need for a special, well-ventilated room. Of course, it would be possible to install a boiler in the kitchen or bathroom, however, periodic emissions of smoke and soot, dirt from fuel and combustion products make this idea unsuitable for implementation. In addition, installing burning equipment in living rooms is also unsafe - the release of fumes can lead to tragedy.

A solid fuel boiler is best installed outside residential premises

When installing a heat generator in a boiler room, several rules are followed:

the distance from the combustion door to the wall must be at least 1 m;
ventilation ducts must be installed at a distance no higher than 50 cm from the floor and no lower than 40 cm from the ceiling;
There should be no fuel, lubricants or flammable substances and objects in the room;
The base area in front of the ash pit is protected with metal sheet dimensions of at least 0.5x0.7 m.

In addition, at the location where the boiler is installed, an opening is provided for chimney, which is taken outside. Manufacturers indicate the configuration and dimensions of the chimney in the technical data sheet, so there is no need to invent anything. Of course, if the need arises, you can deviate from the documentation requirements, but in any case, the channel for removing combustion products must provide excellent traction in any weather.

How to properly install a chimney

When installing a chimney, all connections and cracks are sealed with sealing materials, and windows are also provided for cleaning the channels from soot and a condensate catcher.

Preparing to install a heating unit

Before installing the boiler, select a piping scheme, calculate the length and diameter of the pipelines, the number of radiators, the type and quantity of additional equipment and shut-off and control valves.

Despite all the variety of design solutions, experts recommend choosing combined heating, which can also provide natural circulation of the coolant. Therefore, when making calculations, it is necessary to consider how a parallel section of the supply pipeline (bypass) with a centrifugal pump will be installed and to provide for the slopes necessary for the operation of the gravity system. You shouldn’t give up on buffer capacity either. Of course, its installation will entail additional costs. However, a storage tank of this type will be able to level out the temperature curve, and one load of fuel will last for a longer time.

Connecting the boiler to a heating system with a dual-purpose buffer tank

Particular comfort will be provided by a heat accumulator with an additional circuit, which is used for hot water supply. Considering the fact that due to the installation of a solid fuel unit in a separate room, the length of the hot water circuit increases significantly, an additional circulation pump is installed on it. This will eliminate the need to drain cold water while waiting for hot water to flow.

Before installing the boiler, it is imperative to provide space and not forget about devices designed to reduce pressure in the system in critical situations. A simple strapping diagram that can be used as a working design is shown in our drawing. It combines all the equipment discussed above and ensures its correct and trouble-free operation.

You will learn even more information about the arrangement of the boiler room and installation of equipment from our article:.

Installation and connection of a solid fuel heat generator

After carrying out all the necessary calculations and preparing the equipment and materials, installation begins.

The heating unit is installed in place, leveled and secured, after which the chimney is connected to it.
Heating radiators are mounted, a heat accumulator and an expansion tank are installed.
A supply pipeline and a bypass are installed, on which a centrifugal pump is installed. Ball valves are installed in both sections (direct and bypass) so that the coolant can be transported by forced or natural means.
We remind you that the centrifugal pump can only be installed with the correct orientation of the shaft, which must be in a horizontal plane. Schemes of all possible options The manufacturer indicates installation in the product instructions.
The pressure line is connected to the heat accumulator. It must be said that both the inlet and outlet pipes of the buffer tank must be installed in its upper part. Thanks to this, the amount of warm water in the container will not affect the readiness of the heating circuit. We definitely note the fact that cooling the boiler during the reboot period will reduce the temperature in the system. This is due to the fact that at this time the heat generator will work as an air heat exchanger, transferring heat from the heating system to the chimney. To eliminate this shortcoming, separate circulation pumps are installed in the boiler and heating circuits. By placing a thermocouple in the combustion zone, you can stop the movement of coolant through the boiler circuit when the fire dies out.
Installing separate pumps on the boiler and heat exchange circuits can solve the problem of heat leakage through the boiler when it cools down
A safety valve and an air vent are installed on the supply line.
Connect the emergency circuit of the boiler or install shut-off and control valves, which, when the water boils, will open the main line for its discharge into the sewer and the channel for supplying cold liquid from the water supply.
Install a return pipeline from the heat accumulator to the heating unit. A circulation pump, a three-way valve and a settling filter are installed in front of the boiler inlet pipe.
An expansion tank is mounted separately on the return pipeline.
Note! On pipelines that are connected to protection devices, shut-off valves not installed. These areas should have as few connections as possible.
The upper outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to a three-way valve and the circulation pump of the heating circuit, after which the radiators are connected and the return pipeline is installed.
After connecting the main circuits, they begin to install a hot water supply system. If the heat exchanger coil is built into a buffer tank, then it will be enough to simply connect the cold water inlet and the outlet to the “hot” line to the corresponding pipes. When installing a separate indirect heating water heater, use a circuit with an additional circulation pump or three-way valve. In both cases, a check valve. It will block the path for heated liquid into the “cold” water supply.
Some solid fuel boilers are equipped with a draft regulator, the function of which is to reduce the flow area of the blower. Due to this, the air flow into the combustion zone is reduced and its intensity, and, accordingly, the temperature of the coolant is reduced. If the heating unit has this design, then install and adjust the drive of the air damper mechanism.
Installing an automatic draft regulator will allow you to control the fuel combustion process

The places of all threaded connections must be carefully sealed using plumbing flax and a special non-drying paste.

After installation is completed, coolant is poured into the system, centrifugal pumps are turned on at full power and all connections are carefully inspected for leaks. After making sure that there are no leaks, fire up the boiler and check the operation of all circuits at maximum modes.

Features of integrating a solid fuel unit into an open heating system

The main feature of open heating systems is the contact of the coolant with atmospheric air, which occurs with the participation of the expansion tank. This container is designed to compensate for the thermal expansion of the coolant that occurs when it is heated. The expander is installed at the highest point of the system, and in order to prevent hot liquid from flooding the room when the tank is overfilled, a drain tube is connected to its upper part, the other end of which is discharged into the sewer.

Open type expansion tank design

The large volume of the tank forces it to be installed in the attic, so additional insulation of the expander and the pipes suitable for it will be required, otherwise they may freeze in winter. In addition, you must remember that this element is part of the heating system, so it heat losses will lead to a decrease in temperature in the radiators.

Since the open system is not sealed, there is no need to install a safety valve or connect emergency circuits. When the coolant boils, the pressure will be released through the expansion tank.

Special attention should be paid to pipelines. Since the water in them will flow by gravity, the circulation will be influenced by the diameter of the pipes and the hydraulic resistance in the system. The last factor depends on turns, narrowings, level changes, etc., so their number should be minimal. In order to initially impart the necessary potential energy to the water flow, a vertical riser is installed at the outlet of the boiler. The higher the water can rise along it, the higher the coolant speed will be and the faster the radiators will warm up. For the same purposes, the return inlet should be located at the lowest point of the heating system.

Finally, I would like to note that in open systems It is preferable to use water rather than antifreeze. This is due to higher viscosity, reduced heat capacity and rapid aging of the substance upon contact with air. As for the water, it is best to soften it and, if possible, never drain it. This will increase the service life of pipelines, radiators, heat generators and other heating equipment several times.

Pay attention to the article on choosing coolants for heating systems:.

Video: Connecting a solid fuel boiler with your own hands

As you can see, the choice of boiler integration scheme depends on many factors, including the features of the heating system and the need to install additional equipment. If you have successfully understood all the nuances, then you can safely get to work. Finally, I would like to note that heating is one of the most complex and responsible engineering systems. If you don't have confidence in your own abilities, don't experiment. Remember that installation errors will sooner or later result in serious problems, so don’t hesitate to ask the experts for advice.