A plant similar to a fern like a palm tree. Caring for indoor ferns at home. Fern diseases and home treatment methods

House ferns decorate many apartments and offices with their lush dark green foliage and are considered unpretentious plants, withstanding long drought and lack of fertilizing. Impressive specimens look good in the foyer, on the veranda and terrace, more small plants They feel great on window sills and shelves.

Indoor fern, which can be cared for at home even by beginners in floriculture, can enliven the interior of any kitchen and living room and add rich colors to a boring room design.

Fern (Polypodiophyta) – ancient plant with a multimillion-dollar history, numbering more than 300 genera and 10 thousand varieties. Only a few of its varieties are grown in apartment conditions:

• nephrolepis;
• maidenhair;
• polypodium;
• platicerium;
• pellea.

This lush indoor flower with a dense spherical or spreading crown, it consists of two parts: a not too powerful rhizome and feathery openwork leaves, scientifically called fronds. Arc-curved sheet plates differ in different varieties shape and size, come with dissected or whole leaves. The indoor fern does not have flowers or fruits, but spores are successfully formed on the underside of the leaf.

Many owners of fern-like crops value these plants for their healing properties and the ability to clean the air from dust. However, if left in a dusty and polluted room for a long time, the fern begins to wither and may even die. Another feature of the evergreen flower is the structure of its leaves. Young, unopened leaf plates grow tightly curled into a spiral, then acquire a darker shade, become dense, and almost completely straighten.

It is important to know. When using the roots of the plant to treat eczema, you must remember that the rhizomes are poisonous, and failure to follow the decoction recipe can cause poisoning.

Types and varieties

Home fern has been successfully grown by gardeners for many hundreds of years, during which time appearance The plants remained virtually unchanged. The following species are bred in apartment conditions.

• The most famous variety with a lush rosette of dense openwork leaves covered with small spores on the underside. Length sheet plates in adulthood it usually reaches 40-50 cm.

• Among the people, the variety received another name - hare's foot. The bush is distinguished by shaggy roots of a reddish color hanging from the pot on all sides, and rich green leaves.

• This species has flat leaves sticking out in different directions, somewhat reminiscent of the shape deer horns. The dense center of the plant with brownish-green leaves also resembles a head of cabbage.

• Asplenium. The second name is kostenets. This variety of house fern has undivided leaves that are slightly wavy at the edges. The flower does not like touching and frequent rearrangements.

• It slightly resembles a palm tree, grows up to a meter in diameter, and has fronds that are very hard to the touch.

• Popularly called centipede, it is distinguished by strongly dissected leaves growing on thin stems. The rhizome spreads across the surface of the soil, and the bush itself can grow while hanging in the air.

All ferns are quite unpretentious and not capricious; they can withstand temperature changes and a long absence of watering, however beautiful shape Bushes can only be maintained with regular care.

Selection of location and conditions of detention

When caring for indoor ferns, the gardener will not have to look for expensive indoor fertilizers, unusual soil composition or ceramic pots original form. It will be enough to feed the flower occasionally, water it periodically, observing simple requirements for temperature conditions, illumination and location. What conditions must be met for the fern to grow healthy, fluffy, not dry out and remain green all year round?

• Lighting and location. Too bright rays of the sun are harmful to the fern and cause burns, so in spring and summer the flower requires slight shading. The flower will grow in strong shade, but its decorative effect will suffer significantly from the lack of diffused light. The best option placement - not on the windowsill, but not far from the south-west window, placing the pot on a table or shelf.
• Temperature. Most ferns are native to the tropics, so they love warm and humid air. In summer, the plant grows comfortably at temperatures up to 28–30°C; allowing it to overheat for a long time in bright sunshine is not recommended. You can even take the pots out into the garden or to open terrace, hanging large specimens in flowerpots on hooks. In the fall, you will have to bring all the pots into the house so as not to destroy the plants. In winter, it is advisable to reduce the room temperature to 17-18°C. When the thermometer drops below 10°C, the rhizomes may become too cold and rot.
• Air and humidity. In hot weather, the plant requires not only abundant watering, but also frequent irrigation of the foliage from a spray bottle with filtered water. The usual one from the tap will leave unsightly white spots on the fronds. It would be a good idea to place a container of water next to the pot to humidify the air and wipe the leaves of some varieties with a damp sponge. You can also spread sphagnum moss moistened with water over the soil surface and purchase an air humidifier. You also need to ensure that the indoor flower is protected from drafts at any time of the year, and in the summer from strong gusts of wind when grown outside.
• Soil and pot. All ferns prefer loose soil with the addition of humus and a handful of rotted leaves. The presence of spruce needles and peat in the soil is not prohibited. The soil must be airy so that water flows well when watering to the roots. Be sure to have drainage made of expanded clay or pebbles at the bottom of the flowerpot. Soil mixture is easy to purchase at garden center, but you can do it yourself by mixing turf, peat, and leaf soil from the garden in equal proportions. It is not forbidden to mix a small amount river sand and humus. It is recommended to plant small specimens in durable clay pots or inexpensive plastic containers any shape with a diameter 2-2.5 times smaller than the fluffy crown.

Care

Knowing how to care for any type of fern, you can grow it at home in 2-3 years. beautiful plant with dense and healthy foliage. Moreover, it is enough to carry out all the procedures not too often, paying closer attention only to watering and replanting as the plant grows. Regular care at home for an evergreen flower with openwork fronds instead of leaves includes only 4 simple activities.

• Watering. Ferns in pots should be watered with settled or filtered water. room temperature, pouring it carefully under the roots or into trays. In summer, watering should be frequent, in winter - less frequent, about 1-2 times every 7 days. It is necessary that the soil on the surface is always slightly damp, but not flooded. Overflows and droughts are not very beneficial for the flower, although they do not cause problems if they occur once.
• Feeding. Nephrolepis and other varieties need to be fertilized only in the spring and summer. It is advisable to purchase ready-made liquid fertilizer formulations in stores and apply them during watering a couple of times a month according to the instructions on the bottle. Both mineral fertilizer and organic fertilizer, for example, mullein infusion, are suitable. Some gardeners pour tea leaves into the pot or pour out some cooled tea.
• Rest period. The flower is required from October to early February, during winter cold. At this time, it is better to keep the plant in a cool room, reducing the frequency of watering and completely stopping feeding.
• Transfer. Young specimens need it every year, then once every 2 years during intensive growth of the rhizome and crown. Due to the heaviness of the leaves, a small pot may not support the weight of the bush, so in the spring you need to select a larger container with a diameter 2-3 cm wider than the old one. You also need to replant store-bought specimens, waiting about 2 weeks for the flower to take root a little in its new conditions. When replanting, carefully remove the fern from the container, shake off excess soil from the rhizome, and remove dried or rotten roots. poured into new pot drainage, a layer of nutritious soil, place the plant and sprinkle with earth. Then water it.

Many inexperienced flower growers are interested in how a fern reproduces if it does not bloom and practically does not produce shoots? In fact there are problems with breeding beautiful flower does not occur - for reproduction the plant requires only spores located on the lower part of the leaves. True, the process of growing them at home is quite long and labor-intensive; for some it is easier to purchase an already formed sprout with several fronds in the store or divide the bush into two parts when replanting.

Reproduction of ferns by spores consists of two stages.

1. Collection of spores matured in sporangia on fronds.
2. Sowing planting material into nutrient soil followed by watering.

Typically, it takes 3 to 5 years to obtain a normal-sized plant from spores. Therefore, if it is possible to divide the bush into separate rosettes, it is better to reproduce an adult specimen this way.

Some varieties, to the delight of gardeners, are able to reproduce by dividing underground shoots, individual species they produce growth of children on the so-called mustaches or form daughter rosettes on the fronds. Such bushes then fall off and take root next to the mother specimen.

Diseases and pests

Like any indoor plant, ferns can be affected by insect pests, especially:

• white duras;
• whitefly;
• nematodes;
• mealybug;
• spider mite;
• thrips;

Most often, insects appear on fronds and rhizomes due to improper care - overflow, temperature changes, excessive heat in the apartment. We need to fight them folk remedies and special chemicals- insecticides, having previously removed the flower “for quarantine”.

Among the diseases that affect the plant, the most common are fungus and mold. Due to overdrying, overflow and drafts, the flower can also wither and lose leaf turgor. Heat, drought and bright rays of the sun can cause yellowing, darkening of foliage, drying out and death. In any case, the affected fronds should be treated with a fungicide, cutting off the dried ends. When mold appears on the ground, it is recommended to replace the layer of soil with a new one.

By observing the appearance of any type of fern, you can understand whether the air in the apartment is fresh and clean, whether there is a gas leak or heavy dust. With any of these problems, the flower will immediately feel unwell, turn yellow and wither. Therefore, if the air at home is too humid or dry, it is better to purchase a humidifier and install a hood in the kitchen. This will be useful not only for the indoor plant, but also for all inhabitants of the apartment, including small children.

It is also necessary to remember that a narrow window sill or a dark corner is not the best place for a fluffy, handsome fern. For getting decorative look it is necessary that its fronds grow simultaneously to the sides and upwards. It is easier to create this position of the leaves by hanging the specimen in a flowerpot or placing it on a shelf, coffee table, low column, stand.

A beautiful and mysterious plant, fern, is becoming increasingly popular with many gardeners. Its extraordinary beauty is simply mesmerizing. You can grow such a piece of exoticism in your apartment, especially since caring for indoor ferns at home is not very difficult.

General information

Growing and caring for indoor fern flowers is based on creating a favorable microclimate, which should be as close to natural as possible.

To understand how to care for indoor ferns, you need to know some points about the peculiarities of growing this plant.

Points to pay attention to:

• creating optimal air temperatures in different seasons;
• constant monitoring of indoor humidity;
• providing the flower with suitable lighting;
• regular moderate watering;
• adding necessary fertilizers to the soil;
• correct transplant.

Orlik instantly displaces other plants in areas of forest land in clearing areas or areas damaged by fires, despite the fact that this type of aggression is not the best trait to characterize a plant. Thanks to ferns, the soil cannot be washed off or dry out, this saves forest lands for a moment summer heat or rising groundwater.

Fern is everyone famous plant, which can be easily grown at home. Caring for indoor ferns at home is not difficult. Fern does not require a lot of attention, and if the plant is properly cared for, it will delight you with its beauty. Indoor fern is a wonderful decoration for any home, as it fits perfectly into the interior of any room.

Fern is a herbaceous plant. It is a green stem with feathery, dissected leaves. This is a very ancient and popular plant. In nature, fern thickets can grow in swamps and forests.

The stem of the fern grows underground, and in the spring leaves begin to appear on the surface, growing and unfurling. Unfortunately, the fern never blooms.

There is a popular legend about a fern that blooms once a year on the holiday of Ivan Kupala. People try to find this flower in the hope of finding happiness, but no one has ever seen it.

Ferns can grow in the most different places: in swamps, trees, meadows and forests. More than 10 thousand species of this flower are known all over the world. Ferns can survive in any conditions, even the most difficult climate, if we are talking about the natural environment.

Among indoor ferns, nephrolepis is considered the most popular.

Nephrolepis: home care

Nephrolepis fern is a beautiful plant and very easy to grow at home. Although this flower is unpretentious, it can die if not cared for properly. Any plants need timely watering, fertilizing and replanting.

Nephrolepis loves shade, but it needs diffused light, so you need to think carefully about where you place the flower. If the air in the room is dry or smoky, the fern will begin to hurt, as it loves humidity. Fern is a large plant and it needs a lot of free space, because its leaves will grow both in length and width over time, so you need to find a spacious place for it in the house. Most suitable place for a fern is the corner opposite the window, where straight lines will not fall Sun rays, but enough air will flow.

The color of your plant directly depends on the lighting and the composition of the soil in the pot. The soil should be moist but not wet, otherwise the roots will begin to rot. It is necessary to water the flower as the soil dries; it is not recommended to overdry.

Caring for a fern at home is much easier than, for example, a Ficus benjamina flower, since it is a less capricious flower and there is no need to prune the plant for better growth.

Nephrolepis: proper watering and spraying

Watering anyone house plant produced only with settled water, soft, without chlorine. The water must stand for at least 12 hours. The water temperature should be room temperature. If you have the opportunity, occasionally water Nephrolepis with rainwater. You need to water it two to three times a week and sometimes put the fern in the shower.

If you water your indoor fern incorrectly, its leaves will begin to dry out, the flower will become covered with brown spots and may die over time. The soil in the pot should be moist, but not wet.

It was already mentioned earlier that nephrolepis really does not like dry air, so you need to regularly spray its leaves. If the room where your bush is located has very dry air, the fern must be sprayed every day. If the air humidity is normal, spraying is done two or three times a week.

You also need to spray the bush with settled soft water at room temperature.

Indoor fern: propagation and transplantation at home

Propagating an indoor fern is quite simple; this process is a bit like propagating a flower. Women's happiness in that root system need to be divided and then transplanted into a new pot.

Before you start repotting, water the plant well, then take the pot larger diameter and transfer the flower to a new pot. Such a transplant will preserve the nephrolepis roots from damage.

Ferns can be replanted every year. Transplantation is done mainly because the roots grow and become cramped in a small pot. If you transship your fern to autumn period, the plant may be sick and will have to recover for several months, so the best period for transshipment is the beginning of spring.

If you want to not only transplant, but also propagate Nephrolepis, then this is not a difficult process. To propagate during transplantation, you need to pull the bush out of the pot, after which you will see young basal rosettes. They need to be very carefully separated from the parent bush so as not to damage and mature plant and small children. Then you plant the children in a separate container.

In order for a young bush to take root faster, it needs to create greenhouse conditions. Take a plastic or film shelter and cover the container with the transplanted fern with it, this will facilitate and speed up the survival process young plant, since there will be enough heat and humidity under the plastic or film.

To ensure that your new plants take root well, give them everything the necessary conditions and provide proper care. The air must be moist and the soil must not be too dry. If you don't stick to these at all complex rules, then your children will most likely die.

Soil for house fern

Before replanting the fern, you need to prepare the soil for replanting. Now there are no problems with this, such land is sold in flower shops. The main thing is that the soil should be highly acidic; it is also advisable to add sand and humus to the soil; it is advisable to add leaf soil. The land should be almost like in natural conditions.

In the forest the soil is loose, with peat residues. It is advisable to bring the soil as close as possible to that in natural natural conditions. If the soil is not loose, the fern will not absorb water well, and then the roots of your plant will begin to rot. If the soil does not allow air to pass through, the leaves will dry out and become covered with brown spots.

Fern diseases and home treatment methods

If the fern is not properly cared for and the growing conditions are not observed, the flower begins to hurt and its appearance changes dramatically for the worse.

Causes of nephrolepis diseases:

1. If you water a flower with cold, unsettled water containing a large number of chlorine, that is, the likelihood that nephrolepis may develop a pest such as a nematode. Signs of a nematode are yellow, dry leaves. In order to cure the plant, it must be urgently replanted. Before transplanting, the fern must be treated with an insecticide. This treatment can be purchased at flower shops.
2. Insufficient humidity and very dry air can lead to the appearance of insects such as thrips, stink bugs and aphids. If you spray nephrolepis frequently, this can be avoided. Do not forget that it is also advisable to spray the plant with settled soft water. To get rid of emerging insects, the plant needs treatment with insecticides.
3. If the leaves of the fern begin to turn pale, lose color, and the tips of the leaves begin to turn yellow, it means there are not enough nutrients in the soil or nephrolepis is grown in a cramped small pot.
4. If the leaves begin to wither and dry out, this means that strong sunlight is falling on the plant. Ferns love shade, so they urgently need to be placed on a darkened windowsill.
5. Drafts can also cause fern diseases. Drafts lead to lethargy and yellowing of the foliage, after which the plant dies.

For better care, fern growth and disease prevention can be used comprehensive mineral fertilizers. Frequent feeding of a flower can be harmful; it is necessary to moderately feed the fern with fertilizers. Be sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package, otherwise the plant may get burned.

With proper care of nephrolepis, your fern will always have beautiful, bright and healthy foliage.

Lovers of comfort in the home and indoor flowers increasingly prefer house fern. What attracts them to this amazing plant? Unusual appearance or its beneficial properties?

Description and characteristics of indoor fern

The fern belongs to the fern family, which is distributed throughout the world. Indoor fern is unpretentious and ornamental plant, with wide and spreading leaves.

One of characteristic features fern is the absence of seeds. Despite this, the plant has the ability to reproduce due to the presence of special spores (soruses) near its roots.

The appearance of the fern is very different from the usual indoor flowers. The leaves of the plant look like dissected feathers. The color of indoor fern is usually light green, and its height can reach 1 meter.

The benefits of indoor fern

Fern has many beneficial properties. The root of this plant is widely used in folk medicine, and amazing leaves find their use in cooking.

An ordinary indoor fern perfectly absorbs dust and purifies the air. In addition, the flower neutralizes electromagnetic rays that come from a TV, computer monitor, microwave oven. By placing a pot with this plant in close proximity to the source electromagnetic radiation, you can get rid of headaches, fatigue and many other consequences of using electronics.

Fern in treatment: properties and benefits

In addition to absorbing electromagnetic rays and dust particles, fern is widely used in folk medicine, as it has an analgesic, diuretic and laxative effect, and also removes all harmful toxins from the body.

Particular attention is paid to the root of this plant. From different parts home ferns prepare a variety of remedies for the treatment of helminthiasis, removal of tapeworms and tapeworms.

With the help of fern, varicose veins are treated, and also increase immunity and strengthen the body. Salted fern shoots perfectly relieve stress and have a beneficial effect on nervous system. Fern root powder is used to eliminate inguinal hernia in men.

It should be noted that fern has a lot of useful qualities, so it is used in treatment oncological diseases, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, oophoritis, ulcers, rheumatism and migraine.

How to care for a fern without harming it

When deciding to purchase an indoor fern, you need to take into account that it, like any plant, needs a list of conditions important for successful development and life. Ferns will not thrive in a home that does not meet the following conditions:

1. Lighting
2. Air temperature
3. Regularity of watering
4. Humidity

For house fern optimal temperature is 15-24 degrees. If the temperature of the fern’s habitat in the house is below 12 or above 25, then the plant is likely to wither.

An important point for the life of a fern is air humidity. The plant will feel good in a space with 40-60% air humidity. In order to increase the humidity in the room, you can purchase a special air humidifier, but it is enough just to regularly spray the leaves of the plant.

As for watering, it all depends on the season and air humidity in the house. Basically, the fern is watered 1-2 times a week, but you can also focus on soil moisture: when the soil in the flowerpot is dry, you can water it. It is necessary to pay attention that this amount of watering is optimal, since both dry and too moist soil can lead to detrimental consequences for the plant. Overwatering, for example, will cause the flower's roots to rot. Also, the fern needs watering exclusively with “soft” water. To do this, you need to let the water brew for several days at room temperature.

Gardeners often like to fertilize their plants, but does a fern really need it? Certainly. To fertilize this flower, it is enough to add mineral or organic fertilizers. It is important to consider that winter time The fern has not been fertilized for years.

If we consider the issue of lighting in which this plant will live comfortably, it is important to consider that the fern does not like direct sunlight. Due to excessive solar lighting the leaves of the flower may fade and turn yellow. Optimal place for fern – flower stand. It provides diffused sunlight that is comfortable for this plant.

The fern signals the need for replanting by the light green color of its leaves, but such signs are often found only in young shoots. Usually, the plant is replanted every two to three years in the spring, when the flower no longer fits in its pot.

Types of ferns

The fern family includes more than a thousand varieties of this plant. But which ones can you grow at home? The following types of ferns are adapted for living in close proximity to people:
Nephrolepis
This type of fern is famous for its unpretentiousness. It performs well as a decorative function for indoor plants, forming a lush and spreading bush. Also, one of the advantages of this type is fast growth.
Blekhnum
This species of the fern family has similarities with a palm tree and requires a lot of space in the house.

This species is also called “Venus hair”, as it has quite thin stems and small leaves. Unlike the brothers described above, it needs careful care and self-care.

What harm can a fern cause?

An ordinary indoor fern does not cause much harm. The only points that can be highlighted are allergic reaction on this flower, which happens quite rarely, and the release of carbon dioxide. As for the second statement, this point applies to all indoor plants, since when they absorb oxygen, they release carbon dioxide, which can cause headaches and dizziness in humans. You can avoid the harmful influence very simply - do not place the flower in the bedroom.

If an indoor fern standing in a flowerpot does not cause any particular harm, then eating or treating home flower, can be harmful to human health, and also has contraindications. It is important to note that fern is a poisonous plant.

It should be noted that taking tinctures and decoctions based on indoor fern can lead to intoxication of the body. Poisoning with fern products is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions and fainting. In the event of a sad outcome from consuming the plant, it is necessary to quickly remove it from the body and cleanse the stomach.

Taking home cactus for food or for treatment purposes is strictly prohibited if the following factors are present:

Pregnancy
Kidney and liver diseases
Ages up to two years
Tuberculosis
Weakened immune system
Anemia
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage of development

For indoor landscaping, various crops are used: beautifully flowering, decorative deciduous, exotic and other greens that can grow at home. Ferns are unpretentious and spectacular bushes. You are not destined to see it bloom, but you can liven up your office or living room thanks to him it’s quite possible. Especially considering that caring for the plant will not be a hassle. It is enough to create optimal conditions.

Types of indoor ferns

There are about 10 thousand varieties of ferns in nature. All of them are perennials, but differ in appearance and living conditions. Differences appear in the shape and density of foliage, color saturation, and flower size. Many varieties grow in swampy areas, have a bright light green color and delicate leaves, while others, tougher, denser, resistant to drought and sun, can be found on the lawns of fields and forests.

There is also a place for home floriculture. There are many varieties found here, collected all over the world. But the following types are in greatest demand:

• Nephrolepis - thick and lush bush with openwork leaves up to 50 cm long.
• Dawallia (hare's foot) - native to China and Japan, has wedge-shaped leaves on red shoots with a shallow root system.
• Platycerium (platyhorn) - unusual shape makes fern popular, but when growing it you should adhere to certain rules.
• Asplenium (kostenets) - looks impressive and resembles a fountain of solid light green leaves with waves along the edge. Needs humid air(at least 60%).
• Blekhnum (Derbyanka) - spreading bushes reminiscent of a palm tree. The leaves are long, pinnately dissected.
• Dixonia is a giant fern, gradually turning into a palm tree. The woody trunk has a thick cap of leaves at the top and reaches 3–6 meters.
• Polypodium (centipede) is an epiphytic plant that can grow without soil. Often found on the surface of trees and rocky areas.

The list contains the most popular indoor ferns grown as indoor decorations. But for each of them it is necessary individual approach And special conditions. Nephrolepis is considered the most stable and non-capricious. It can most often be found in home floriculture.

The riot of colors and the size of the foliage directly depend on proper care behind the fern.

How to care for crops - the main rules

In order for the plant to maximize its decorative properties, it is important to follow all recommendations, do not overfeed or overwater it. Everything should be in moderation and as necessary, because wild relatives grow in forests without fertilizer and regular watering.

The condition of the fern foliage can determine the indoor air quality. If the room is dusty, smoky, gassy, ​​or too dry, the flower will begin to hurt. This is the first signal that the cause needs to be eliminated and the living conditions of not only the plants, but also the residents of the house must be improved.

Selecting a location

A resident of the tropics needs warmth, comfort, diffused lighting and space, especially considering his size. Ideal place for its location there will be a wall or corner opposite the window (east, south or west). Large pots are best placed directly on the floor or on a low stand. Hanging varieties look great in hanging flowerpots.

Small “babies” can be temporarily placed in a west-facing window, avoiding direct sunlight, especially in the summer. Otherwise, the leaves will get burned. In general, the fern tolerates partial shade in the center of the room well, but best indicator growth - bright, diffused light.

The air temperature must correspond to the standard - +15-22 degrees Celsius.

Soil composition and capacity

Before placing a flower in the house, it must be replanted after purchase. To do this, use a purchased soil mixture or make it yourself from the following ingredients:

• Sod land.
• Humus.
• Leaf soil and needles.
• Coarse river sand.

Mandatory requirements for the soil: looseness, airiness and high acidity (this is increased with the help of pine needles).

You can take soil from the forest, but it is important to ensure that all the components are present.

For replanting, plastic or clay pots are used, increasing their diameter by 2-3 cm annually. At the first stage of the procedure, the container is filled with drainage; it is mandatory and will save the roots of the flower from rotting when overwatered, enrich it with oxygen and accelerate growth.

Clay pots are a priority. They absorb excess moisture and give it away as needed, the disadvantages include the tendency to form fungi and mold, which are quite difficult to remove. The diameter of the container is chosen to be half the size of the crown of the plant itself, but you should remember about the stability of the container and fill it with heavy drainage.

Watering and spraying

For proper growth and preservation of the decorative appearance of the fern, it is necessary to monitor the level of moisture in the pot: the soil should always be moist, but not wet. Overwatering is very harmful to the plant and will easily lead to its death. This is one of the reasons for yellowing and falling leaves.

Moderation in watering is ensured by high-quality drainage, which releases from the pot excess water and takes care of airing the roots. The procedure is carried out 3 times a week, while paying attention to the air temperature. In winter, once is enough.

Daily spraying is carried out to remove dust and provide additional moisture. Maintain air humidity during heating season will help wet towel, placed on a hot battery.

Water the fern with rain or settled, soft water.

Feeding

During the growing season, the flower needs strength to grow, form foliage and new shoots. This can be achieved using ready-made liquid fertilizers for indoor plants, which are diluted in settled water according to the instructions and applied after the main watering in certain portions.

Mineral fertilizers alternate with organic ones and are applied every 2 weeks - from early spring to autumn. In winter, during the dormant period, they are removed and watering is reduced to once a week.

Yellowing and pale foliage will indicate a lack of nutrients. If the problem is not solved in time, the shoots will dry out and the plant will die.

Do you need a transplant?

Needed! Annually! Fern is a flower that quickly thickens and grows, so it needs to be replanted annually. The procedure is carried out in early spring, before the start of sap flow (in March-April). To avoid damaging the roots, they use the transshipment method.

Step-by-step fern transplantation:

• The soil in which the flower grows is watered abundantly to soften and remove the roots without injury.
• Prepare a new container 3 cm larger than the previous one.
• The pot is filled one third with drainage.
• Carefully, shaking the fern from side to side, remove it from the flowerpot along with the soil and transfer it to a new container, sprinkling free space earth.
• Lightly tamp the root area and water.

Transplanted plants take root quickly and easily. But if the procedure is carried out at the wrong time, then long-term adaptation or death of the flower is possible.

Reproduction is carried out during the same period as transplantation. To do this, the plants removed from the pot are cleared of the earthen clod and the mother bush is examined. The shoots are carefully separated and planted in a separate container.

It is almost impossible to propagate ferns by seeds (spores) at home, so they use division of the mother rosette.

Separated children should be provided with greenhouse conditions for rapid and successful growth. This can be done by covering the seedling with a plastic or glass cap (jar or cut-off bottle).

Caring for a fern is not at all difficult, the main thing is moderate watering and spraying, loose, acidic soil, timely replanting and fertilizing. By following all the recommendations, you can grow a beautiful bush that will become the highlight of any room.