Concept and types of material and technical resources. Regulation of the inventory management process

The resources of an enterprise are divided into: labor, financial, natural, material, energy and production.

Labor resources- this is the part of the country's population that participates in the creation of the gross national product (GNP) in accordance with its educational and professional level. This essential element economic potential of the country.

Financial resources- these are funds at the disposal of the state, associations, enterprises, organizations and institutions. Part financial resources includes profits, depreciation charges, contributions to the state social insurance budget, and funds of the population mobilized by the state into the financial system.

Natural resources - part of the natural environment used or suitable for use by society in order to satisfy the material and spiritual needs of people. Natural resources are classified into mineral, land, water, plant and animal, and atmospheric.

Material resources- a set of objects and objects of labor, a complex of things that a person influences in the process and with the help of means of labor in order to adapt them to meet their needs and use in the production process (raw materials).

Energetic resources- energy carriers used in production economic activity.

They are classified:

Coal, oil and petroleum products, gas, hydropower, electricity;

Natural, ennobled, enriched, processed, transformed;

From outside (from another company), own production;

primary, secondary, reusable;

in industry, agriculture, construction, transport.

Production resources(means of labor) - a thing or a set of things that a person places between himself and the object of labor and which serves for him as a conductor of influence on him in order to obtain the necessary material benefits. Instruments of labor are also called fixed assets, which in turn are classified into a number of groups.

Primary and derived material resources

material technical support resource

Material and technical resources is a collective term that denotes objects of labor used in primary and auxiliary production. The main feature of the classification of all types of material and technical resources is their origin. For example, the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (metallurgy), the production of non-metals ( chemical production), obtaining wood products (woodworking), etc.

Material and technical resources are also classified according to their purpose in the production process (production of semi-finished products, components, final finished products). Additional classification criteria are introduced for material resources: physicochemical characteristics(thermal conductivity, heat capacity, electrical conductivity, density, viscosity, hardness); shape (bodies of rotation - rod, pipe, profile, angle, hexagon, beam, lath); dimensions (small, medium and large sizes in length, width, height and volume); physical (aggregate) state (liquid, solid, gaseous).

Material resources, depending on their purpose in the production and technological process, are broadly classified into the following groups: raw materials (for the production of material and energy resources); materials (for main and auxiliary production); semi-finished products (for further processing); components (for the manufacture of the final product); finished products(to provide consumers with goods).

Raw materials

These are raw materials that, during the production process, form the basis of a semi-finished or finished product. Here, first of all, industrial raw materials should be highlighted, which, in turn, are classified into mineral and artificial.

Mineral fuel and energy raw materials include natural gas, oil, coal, oil shale, peat, uranium; to metallurgical - ores of ferrous, non-ferrous and precious metals; to the mining chemical - agronomic ores (for the production of fertilizers), barite (for producing white paints and as a filler), fluorspar (used in metallurgy, chemical industry), sulfur (for the chemical industry and Agriculture); technical - diamonds, graphite, mica; for construction - stone, sand, clay, etc.

Artificial raw materials include synthetic resins and plastics, synthetic rubber, leather substitutes, and various detergents.

Agricultural raw materials occupy an important place in the national economy. It, in turn, is classified into plant (cereals, industrial crops) and animal (meat, milk, eggs, raw hides, wool) origin. In addition, raw materials from the forestry and fishing industries are isolated - procurement raw materials. This is a collection of wild and medicinal plants; berries, nuts, mushrooms; logging, fishing.

Materials

This is the basis for the production of semi-finished products, components, industrial and consumer goods. Materials are classified into basic and auxiliary. The main ones include those types that are directly included in the composition of the finished product; to auxiliary - those not included in its composition, but without which it is impossible to conduct technological processes for its production.

In turn, the main and auxiliary materials are divided into types, classes, subclasses, groups and subgroups. In general, materials are classified into metals and non-metals, depending on their physical state - into solid, granular, liquid and gaseous.

Semi-finished products

These are intermediate products that must go through one or more stages of processing before becoming the final product. Semi-finished products are classified into two main groups. The first group includes partially manufactured products within a separate enterprise, transferred from one production unit to another. The second group consists of semi-finished products obtained through cooperation from one industrial enterprise to another.

Semi-finished products can be subjected to either one-time processing, after which they are turned into finished products, or multi-operational processing according to developed technological processes.

Components

These are finished products that, through cooperation, are supplied by one industrial enterprise to another for the production of the final finished product. The final finished product is actually assembled from the components.

Final finished products

These are goods for industrial or consumer purposes produced by industrial enterprises, intended for sale to intermediate or final consumers. Individual consumer goods can be durable (reusable) and short-term use, everyday demand, pre-selection, special demand.

Secondary material resources

Waste refers to the remains of raw materials, materials, and semi-finished products generated during the production of products or performance of work and which have lost, in whole or in part, their original consumer properties. In addition, waste is generated as a result of the dismantling and write-off of parts, assemblies, machines, equipment, installations, and other fixed assets. Waste includes products and materials that are no longer in use among the population and have lost their consumer properties as a result of physical or moral wear and tear.

Secondary material resources include all types of waste, including those for which there are currently no technical, economic or organizational conditions for use. In this regard, it should be noted that with the increase in production volumes of industrial and consumer goods, the volumes of secondary material resources will constantly increase. They have their own classification:

consumption),

application (used and unused),

technologies (subject and not subject to additional processing),

state of aggregation (liquid, solid, gaseous), chemical composition(organic and inorganic),

toxicity (toxic, non-toxic), place of use, volume, etc.

The meaning of the classification of material and technical resources

Classification of material and technical resources facilitates the selection of necessary Vehicle for their delivery (road, rail, water, air, specialized transport) depending on the cargo (their dimensions, weight, physical condition).

This classification allows designers and builders to take into account the features of stored and accumulated material and technical resources (bulk, liquid, gaseous and other products) during the construction of warehouse complexes and terminals. There is an opportunity to choose best option their storage, take into account the impact on environment, create artificial conditions for this.

This allows you to create optimal reserves material and technical resources, comply with warehouse storage deadlines, timely maneuver stocks, sell them, linking all links of the overall logistics chain. It's about on the use of information networks that provide logistics services with initial data for making rational decisions.

Business entities in the process of their activities use labor, objects and means of labor. A person influences a certain set of things and produces various values from them. Logistics is of key importance in the process of creating products. Without raw materials, fuel, etc., the production of a particular product (provision of a service, performance of work) is impossible.

Logistics

In economic activity, a person uses various objects and values. In the extractive industries they are predominantly natural components. These are, in particular, minerals, animal elements and flora. Used in other industries different types material resources. These include raw materials, fuel, etc. Using means of labor, a person influences this complex of elements and produces certain goods. They, in turn, can be used to satisfy needs or to create other values. The most important role Energy resources play a role in human economic activity. They are classified according to various criteria.

Depending on the type, they include, for example, coal, gas, electricity, hydropower, and so on. According to the method of preparation for further use, they distinguish between refined, natural, enriched, transformed, processed. Depending on the method of production, a distinction is made between own or externally acquired energy resources. There is a classification according to frequency of use: secondary, primary, reusable. There are also types of values depending on the areas of the industry: agricultural, construction, transport, industrial. Material and production resources are objects that people use to influence other things in the course of their economic activities. They are also called fixed assets. They are also classified into different groups.

MTP

Material and technical resources are objects that participate in the process of creating goods. The main criterion by which they are classified is their origin. A particular industry requires specific basic and auxiliary materials. For example, the production of non-metals is the chemical industry, non-ferrous and ferrous metals are metallurgy, and the production of wood products is woodworking. There is also a classification by purpose in the production process (production of components, final products, semi-finished products, and so on). The following are introduced as additional signs:

Groups

In accordance with their purpose, material resources are divided into the following categories:

Raw materials. It is used for the production of material and energy resources.
Semi-finished products. They are sent for further processing.
Materials (used in main and auxiliary production).
Accessories. They are used in the manufacture of final products.
Finished goods. They are sent to consumers.

Raw materials

It represents raw material resources, which in the process of economic activity form the basis for a finished product or semi-finished product. This category primarily focuses on industrial raw materials. It, in turn, is divided into artificial and mineral. The latter includes:

Artificial material resources are plastics and synthetic resins, rubber, various detergents, leather substitutes, etc. A special place in economic activity occupies agricultural raw materials. It is divided into plant (cereals and other crops) and animal (raw hides, meat, wool, milk, eggs, etc.). Raw materials from the fishing and forestry industries are also used in economic activities.

Materials

They are considered the basis for components, semi-finished products, and finished products. There are basic and auxiliary materials. The first include those that are used directly in the process of creating the finished product and are included in its composition. Auxiliary materials are not included in the product itself, but without them it cannot be released. These categories, in turn, are classified into subgroups, classes, types, groups.

Semi-finished products

These material resources are semi-finished products. They must undergo processing before becoming a finished product. Semi-finished products are divided into two large categories. The first includes partially manufactured products within one enterprise. They are transferred from one unit to another. The second group includes intermediate products that come from one enterprise to another. Semi-finished products can undergo one-time or multi-operational processing, after which they become finished products.

Accessories

They represent finished goods. IN industrial sector component materials are supplied from one enterprise to another. The latter uses them in the manufacture of final products. Components, simply put, act as constituent elements products.

Finished products

Enterprises can produce goods for consumer or industrial purposes. These are called final products. The first ones are intended for sale to customers. Consumer goods can be reusable (long-term) or short-term use, special, preliminary or everyday use.

Recyclable materials

It includes waste - remnants of materials, raw materials, semi-finished products that are generated in the process of economic activity. These objects partially or completely lose their original properties. Recyclable materials also appear during the write-off and dismantling of machines, components, parts, installations, equipment and other fixed assets. Secondary material resources also include those wastes for which today there are no operating conditions (economic, organizational, etc.). With increasing production volumes, the amount of these raw materials will constantly increase. Secondary resources are divided depending on:

Rational use

The material resources of an enterprise act as one of the key factors of activity. Due to them, the material composition of the product is formed. They also support the manufacturing process of goods to a certain extent. The final products, in turn, are used to meet the needs of the population. This indicates a direct dependence of the well-being of society on how fully economic entities satisfy their need for material resources. It is also important rational distribution MR, their competent use in the process of activity. Effective use of raw materials involves the following activities:

High-quality and thorough preparation of MR for direct use in industry.
Improving the structure of the fuel and energy balance.
Proper organization of storage and transportation of raw materials, preventing reduction in quality and losses.
Chemicalization of the production process.
Complex use of raw materials.
Use of waste and recyclable materials.

Preparation of MR

Some material resources of an enterprise must undergo certain processing before being introduced into the manufacturing process. In each industrial sector this process has its differences. Main types primary processing it is generally accepted:

Enrichment of raw materials. For example, in coke production, coal is processed in this way, and ores are processed in non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy.
Pre-cleaning and standardization. IN textile industry, for example, wool, cotton, etc. undergo such procedures.
Canning. It is used in the food industry for fruits, fish, meat, vegetables, etc.
Aging, drying. These processing methods are typical for the wood processing industry.

Government regulation

The dynamics of efficiency in the use of raw materials is formed under the influence of various external and internal factors. The first, in particular, includes state regulation of resource conservation. It includes:

Of significant importance in the implementation of state regulation are programs for the technical development of industries, the development and implementation of waste-free and low-waste industries. To implement them and stimulate business entities to rationally use MR, the state activates special financial levers. Of no small importance is the inclusion of maximum material consumption indicators for products in the standards.

Market conditions

In developing a production program and creating a product range, such indicators as demand, supply and cost of MR are of utmost importance. The level of transportation and procurement costs determines the choice of one supplier or another. Competition between economic entities operating in the market is of decisive importance when making decisions on quality, assortment, prices, etc.

Other factors

The efficiency of use is greatly influenced by the level of scientific and technological development, the availability of new knowledge, and raw material sources. The strategy of an economic entity as a whole is influenced by general economic factors. As a result, they also influence the process of exploitation of material resources. Such factors include, first of all, the economic situation in the state, the level of government regulation, the state of infrastructure in sectors of the national economy, etc. Other conditions include:

Ecological.
Natural and climatic.
Political, etc.

Internal factors

They are a consequence of the influence external conditions. Internal factors determine the immediate level of rationality in the use of MR. These primarily include technical factors. They appear at the design stage. Technical conditions affect the reduction in the consumption of certain types of material resources per 1 unit of product, and also affect the improvement of quality and characteristics of goods. Technological factors appear at the stage of product creation. They lead to a reduction in losses and waste volumes. The degree of consumption of material resources is influenced by many economic and organizational factors. Some of them have an indirect impact, manifesting themselves both in the design process and during the actual creation of the product. Organizational factors are focused on improving the production structure. Economic conditions contribute to the rationalization of the process of using MR.

Improving the situation

Activities that are aimed at increasing the efficiency of the use of MR should first of all be implemented in primary care. One of the key elements of the program is an effective savings mechanism. As the experience of economically developed countries shows, maximum results in the field rational use MR was achieved by those economic entities that made resource-saving policies a priority. Of course, the transition to it requires an integrated approach and structural restructuring. In this case, the real needs of the external and internal markets must be taken into account.

Scorecard

In the activities of any economic entity, a special place is occupied by the analysis of material resources. Speaking as economic category, they have qualitative and quantitative characteristics. When assessing the effectiveness of using MR, various quantities are used. Economic publications contain many of their groupings, each of which has its own justification. The most acceptable system is one that includes single (local, private) and general indicators, as well as scientifically based standards in accordance with which certain material resources of the organization can be used. General values include:

Indicators of relative and absolute changes in cost volumes.
Material intensity of products and production.
The value of the intensity of MR application.
Indicators of consumer structure, etc.

Unit values should include those characterizing the proportion of remaining raw materials (waste), useful application MR, level of losses and the degree of their involvement in the manufacturing process.

Key elements

It is necessary to distinguish between the material intensity of products and production. The last category characterizes the effectiveness and level of application of MR as a whole for the company, regardless of the specific type of products it produces. Material consumption of production can be calculated at different levels(in an enterprise, in an industry, in the national economy as a whole). Accordingly, a classification is established depending on the object being characterized. For example, there is national economic material consumption, sectoral, regional, etc. The costs of MR are presented as a synthetic and multidimensional category. In this regard, the system of indicators must include such quantities as metal intensity, energy intensity, and fuel intensity. Some such indicators are quite common in statistics and accounting practice. For example, this applies to the metal and energy intensity of GDP. Industry indicators are calculated specifically for certain sectors of the national economy. They are defined as the ratio of the volume of costs for material resources and output to the volume of commercial or gross product. The calculation for a specific business entity is carried out in a similar way.

Conclusion

Material resources act as one of the key links production system. To ensure the continuity of the process of manufacturing products, appropriate conditions must be created for their receipt and implementation in activities. The most important task for any business entity is the development of measures for the most rational, effective use of MR. To implement the assigned tasks, an appropriate strategy must be developed and standards established. Additionally, it is necessary to constantly monitor compliance with requirements and consumption standards. Only with this integrated approach can be achieved effective use available from the company MR.

Resources are divided into labor, financial, natural, material, energy and production.

Labor resources— ϶ᴛᴏ part of the country's population participating in the creation of the gross national product (GNP) in ϲᴏᴏᴛʙᴇᴛϲᴛʙi with their educational and professional level. This is a key element of the country's economic potential.

Financial resources— ϶ᴛᴏ funds at the disposal of the state, associations, enterprises, organizations and institutions. Financial resources include profit, depreciation charges, contributions to the state social insurance budget, and public funds mobilized by the state into the financial system.

Natural resources- part of the natural environment used or suitable for use by society in order to satisfy the material and spiritual needs of people. Natural resources are classified into mineral, land, water, plant and animal, and atmospheric.

Material resources- a set of objects and objects of labor, a complex of things that a person influences in the process and with the help of means of labor in order to adapt them to meet their needs and use in the production process (raw materials and materials)

Energetic resources— energy carriers used in production and economic activities. The material was published on http://site
It is worth noting that they are classified: by type— coal, oil and oil products, gas, hydropower, electricity; by methods of preparation for use- natural, ennobled, enriched, processed, transformed; by methods of obtaining- from outside (from another enterprise), from own production; by frequency of use - primary,

recycled, reusable; by direction of use - in industry, agriculture, construction, transport.

Production resources (implements of labor)- a thing or a set of things that a person places between himself and the object of labor and which serves him as a conductor of influence on him in order to obtain the necessary material benefits. Instruments of labor are also called fixed assets, which in turn are classified into a number of groups.

Primary and derived material resources

Material and technical resources— ϶ᴛᴏ a collective term that denotes objects of labor used in primary and auxiliary production. The main feature of the classification of all types of material and technical resources will be their origin. For example, the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (metallurgy), the production of non-metals (chemical production), the production of wood products (woodworking), etc.

Material and technical resources are also classified according to their purpose in the production process (production of semi-finished products, components, final finished products). It is worth saying that additional classification criteria are introduced for material resources: physical and chemical properties (thermal conductivity, heat capacity, electrical conductivity, density, viscosity, hardness ); shape (bodies of rotation - rod, pipe, profile, angle, hexagon, beam, lath); dimensions (small, medium and large sizes in length, width, height and volume); physical (aggregate) state (liquid, solid, gaseous)

Material resources, depending on their purpose in the production and technological process, are broadly classified into the following groups: raw materials(for the production of material and energy resources); materials(for main and auxiliary production); semi-finished products(for further processing); components(for the manufacture of the final product); finished products(to provide consumers with goods)

Raw materials

These are raw materials, which during the production process form the basis of a semi-finished product or finished product. Here, first of all, it is necessary to highlight industrial raw materials, which, in turn, are classified into mineral and artificial.

Mineral fuel and energy raw materials include natural gas, oil, coal, oil shale, peat, uranium; metallurgical - ores of ferrous, non-ferrous and precious metals; to the mining chemical - agronomic ores (for the production of fertilizers), barite (for producing white paints and as a filler), fluorspar (used in metallurgy, the chemical industry), sulfur (for the chemical industry and agriculture); technical - diamonds, graphite, mica; for construction - stone, sand, clay, etc.

Artificial raw materials include synthetic resins and plastics, synthetic rubber, leather substitutes, and various detergents.

Don't forget that important place Agricultural raw materials occupy the national economy. It is worth noting that it is first of all classified into plant (cereals, industrial crops) and animal (meat, milk, eggs, raw hides, wool) origin. Excluding the above, raw materials from the forestry and fishing industries are isolated - procurement raw materials. This is a collection of wild and medicinal plants; berries, nuts, mushrooms; logging, fishing.

Materials

This is the basis for the production of semi-finished products, components, industrial and consumer goods. Materials are classified into basic and auxiliary. The main ones include those types that are directly included in the composition of the finished product; auxiliary - those not included in its composition, but without which it is impossible to carry out technological processes for its production.

In this case, basic and auxiliary materials are divided into types, classes, subclasses, groups and subgroups. In general, materials are classified into metals and non-metals, depending on their physical state - into solid, granular, liquid and gaseous.

It’s worth saying - semi-finished products

These are intermediate products that must go through one or more stages of processing before becoming the final product. It is worth saying that semi-finished products are classified into two main groups. The first group includes partially manufactured products within a separate enterprise, transferred from one production unit to another. The second group consists of semi-finished products obtained through cooperation from one industrial enterprise to another.

It is worth saying that semi-finished products can be subjected to either one-time processing, after which they are turned into finished products, or multi-operational processing according to developed technological processes.

Components

These are finished products, which, through cooperation, are supplied by one industrial enterprise to another for the production of the final finished product. The final finished product is actually assembled from the components.

Final finished products

Secondary material resources

Waste refers to the remains of raw materials, materials, and semi-finished products generated during the production of products or performance of work and which have lost, in whole or in part, their original consumer properties. In addition, waste is generated as a result of the dismantling and write-off of parts, assemblies, machines, equipment, installations, and other fixed assets. Waste includes products and materials that are no longer in use among the population and have lost their usefulness and consumer properties as a result of physical or moral wear and tear.

Secondary material resources include all types of waste, incl. and those for which there are currently no technical, economic or organizational conditions for use. For this reason, it should be noted that with an increase in the production volumes of industrial and consumer goods, the volumes of secondary material resources will constantly increase. It is worth noting that they have a classification according to the place of formation (industrial waste,

consumption), application (used and unused), technology (subject to and not subject to additional processing), state of aggregation (liquid, solid, gaseous), chemical composition (organic and inorganic), toxicity (toxic, non-toxic), place of use, volume and etc.

Meaning of Resource Classification

The classification of material and technical resources facilitates the selection of the necessary vehicles for their delivery (road, rail, water, air, specialized transport) depending on the cargo (their dimensions, weight, physical condition)

It is this classification that allows designers and builders to take into account the features of stored and accumulated material and technical resources (bulk, liquid, gaseous and other products) during the construction of warehouse complexes and terminals. It will be possible to choose the optimal option for their storage, take into account the impact on the environment, and create artificial conditions for ϶ᴛᴏgo.

This allows you to create optimal reserves of material and technical resources, comply with warehouse storage deadlines, maneuver stocks in a timely manner, and sell them, linking all links of the overall logistics chain. We are talking about the use of information networks that provide logistics services with initial data for making rational decisions.

Analysis of the provision of material resources and their use

Let's study the influence of material resources on the volume of output. All other things being equal, the volume of production will be greater, the better the organization is provided with raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, components, fuel and energy equivalent to material resources and the better they can be used.

The main sources of information for the analysis will be: explanatory note to the organization's annual report, order journal No. 6 for payments to suppliers for materials, order journal No. 10 for accounting for production costs, statements of materials consumption reports, cutting sheets, receipt orders for materials, limit cards, requirements, cards warehouse accounting materials, book (list) of remaining materials.

The main tasks of analyzing the provision of material resources and their use will be the following:

determining the degree of implementation of the organization’s logistics (supply) plan in terms of volume, assortment, completeness and quality of received material resources;
control over compliance with stock standards and consumption standards of material resources;
control over the implementation of organizational and technical measures aimed at reducing warehouse stocks of materials and saving on the consumption of material resources in the production process.

The implementation of the logistics plan should be analyzed by the most important types of materials, on which production output is most dependent. Volume of supplies (delivery) to the organization of material resources in this period equals the planned need for them to produce the specified volume of products; with this, the balance of materials in the organization’s warehouse at the beginning and at the end of the period is taken into account. In this case, the planned need for material resources is equal to the number of products manufactured according to the plan, multiplied by the rate of consumption of materials per product.

When analyzing, it is extremely important to find out to what extent the planned quantity of imported materials is provided by contracts concluded with suppliers for the supply of these materials, and subsequently to establish how suppliers fulfill their obligations for the supply of material resources.

Let us study, using an example, the influence on the volume of output of factors of provision of material resources and their use.

The increase in production output was influenced by the following factors related to material resources:

The total influence of all factors (balance of factors) is: pieces.

The receipt of materials from suppliers, which affects the volume of products, should be studied not only in terms of the quantity of materials received, but also in relation to compliance with the scheduled timing of their receipt, their range and quality. Failure to comply with all of these conditions may adversely affect product release. Then it is extremely important to specify the analysis in the context individual species materials. When analyzing their warehouse stocks, you should compare the actual balances of materials with the norms of their stocks and identify deviations. If existing excess stocks can be sold to other enterprises without damaging the production process, then they should be sold. If actual inventories are less than normal, it should be determined whether this does not lead to interruptions in the production process. If not, then inventory standards may be reduced.
It is worth noting that Special attention attention should be paid to identifying stale and slow-moving types of materials in the warehouse stocks that are not used in production and have been in the organization’s warehouse without movement for a long time.

Having studied the state of warehouse stocks of certain types of materials, we should move on to considering their consumption. In this case, you should compare their actual consumption with the consumption according to the business plan, recalculated to the actual volume of production, and identify savings or overconsumption of certain types of materials. It is also necessary to establish the reasons for these deviations. Overconsumption of materials can be caused by the following main reasons: incorrect cutting of materials, replacement of one type, profile and size of material with others due to their lack of stock, custom size material, lack of allowances and dimensions of material, production of new parts to replace rejected ones, etc. It is necessary to establish the reasons for the excessive consumption of material resources in production.

See further: Material consumption and material productivity

At the conclusion of the analysis, it is necessary to summarize the reserves for increasing production output associated with material resources.

Reserves for increasing production output:

reduction of material waste during the production process;
reduction in the net weight of products due to a revision of their design;
rational replacement of materials with more efficient materials.

Dear Colleagues!

In the Directory maintenance system MTP opportunity implemented introduction of nomenclatures manufacturing plants. For this purpose a template for replenishing the Materials and Equipment Directory was developed, whichavailable for downloadin this section.

For download relevant informationin the MTP Directory, you should fill out the specified template, and also send officially th request, attaching a company card with date, signature and seal, addressed to General Director Gazprom Komplektatsiya LLC at the address: 119991, Moscow, st. Stroiteley, 8, copr. 1

The template for generating an application for input of materials and equipment contains three tabs:

Filling example;
Description of fields;
Replenishment form.

Bookmark "Example of filling" contains examples of correct formation of records and encoding.

Bookmark "Description of fields" contains the purpose of each field and comments on how to fill them out.

You need to fill in information about the equipment being manufactured in the main tab. "Replenishment form" .

There are also General requirements when compiling names:

When compiling names, the following requirements must be met:

In the first place in the name of the material there should be a noun, in the singular, nominative case and without abbreviations.
The second place in the name of the material may be an adjective that determines the technological orientation of this material.
All words in the name of the material must be separated by only one space.
A period is placed at the end of the abbreviated word. In this case, there is no need to put a space after the period and the new word. For example: Pressure sensor Metran-100.
The names/trademarks of imported equipment must be written in Latin letters, in accordance with the registered international designation/ name trademark this manufacturer.
Enter proper names (name of brand, model, manufacturer) lowercase letters(the first letter is capital).
The title must be one paragraph (do not use a line break), words must be separated by one space (do not use a tab character).

When writing names, you cannot use the following symbols:

" (quotes). Except for indicating the unit of measurement is inch.
* sign corresponding to multiplication. Instead, the Russian letter "x" is used.
sign º (degree). Instead, the Latin letter "C" is used.
sign Ø (diameter). Instead, the Russian letter "f" is used.
the underscore character “_”, except where indicated by the brand/model spelling.

When forming names, pay attention to the keyboard layout (RU/ENG) (especially the symbols: c, y, H, e, O, x, A, B, K, M).

Please send completed templates for replenishing the Materials and Equipment Directory and enterprise cards to the address of the deputy head of the department for development and maintenance of reference data - Alexander Valerievich Marchenko (e-mail:

By material resources we mean required amount materials that a construction organization must have to carry out a given volume of construction and installation work in the planned period (year, quarter, month).

Providing construction sites with the necessary material resources is carried out in strict accordance with the plan. When distributing material resources, it is necessary to strive to ensure that their stock at construction sites is minimal, but sufficient in the range for the uninterrupted progress of the production process. Practice shows that where construction projects are timely and fully provided with material resources, enterprises and structures are built in a shorter time.

The need for material resources (P) is determined by the formula

P = P + N - 0,

where P is the need for materials to complete a given amount of work;

N - standardized material balances at the end of the planning period;

О - actual balances of materials at the beginning of the planning period.

Let us consider, as an example, what the material resources of rolled metal consist of in a territorial construction association - a plant for the planned year. First of all, from a certain amount of rolled metal available in the balances of the plant’s divisions at the beginning of the planned year.

Let’s assume that by the beginning of the planned year, the plant has 40,000 g of rolled metal of various profiles left. As a result of calculating the need for rolled metal products using the direct counting method or according to standards for 1 million rubles. estimated cost, it was established that according to the construction and installation work plan, it is necessary to consume 200,000 tons of metal during the year.

In order to uninterruptedly supply construction with rolled metal in the required profiles and assortment (taking into account possible disruptions in the supply of metal by supplier plants), it is necessary to have a standard stock at the plant’s construction sites, which is determined by the calculated stock standards in days.

Thus, for rolled metal products, a standard stock of 24-28 days has been established, which is 6.7-7% of the annual demand. In our example it will be equal

Having established the available balance of rolled metal, the annual need for it and the standard stock, it is possible to calculate the annual fund, i.e., determine the amount of rolled metal to be allocated to the head office in the planned year. IN in this example this fund will amount to:

This amount of rolled metal (174,000 tons) is an annual fund, and it must be allocated and delivered to the plant within a year.

In the practice of material and technical supply planning, there are cases when rolled metal products that are in work in progress (unassembled prefabricated reinforced concrete and metal constructions, manufactured fittings). In these cases, the metal in work in progress is included in the balances available in warehouses, and the annual stock of rolled metal is mechanically reduced.

The resources of the plant are the available balance at the beginning of the year and the allocated annual stock of rolled metal, i.e. 40,000 + 174,000 = 214,000 tons.

In accordance with the approved intra-building title list, the plant allocates material resources to construction and installation trusts. The need for pipes, rails and turnouts is determined from the trust to the State Planning Committee of the Republic or the Glavstroysnab of the Union Ministry and vice versa according to the working technical documentation.

The distribution of material resources between the construction departments of the trust is carried out in a more complex way than between the trusts of the plant. If the “law of large numbers” plays some role in the distribution of material resources among trusts, then it is not applicable in the distribution between construction departments. This is explained by the fact that when distributing material resources between the construction departments of the trust, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of their work. For example, three construction and installation departments take part in the construction of metallurgical plant facilities. The program of one of them includes metal-intensive facilities of the blast furnace shop, another - the construction of repair shops and the third - the construction of roads and underground communications. In this case, the distribution of materials among construction departments Can only be done by direct invoice.

Why is it impossible to apply the method of calculating the need for materials for 1 million rubles in the trust system? estimated cost of construction and installation work performed by departments? To answer this question, consider the following example.

Example. The construction and installation trust has established an annual work plan for the metallurgical plant facilities at 6 million rubles, including SU-1-2,4. SU-2-2 and SU-3-1.6 ml. rub. Distributing material resources without taking into account the specifics of the work of construction departments, the trust, based on the consumption rate, for example, rolled metal for 1 million rubles, equal to 1638 tons, would allocate SU-1-3930, SU-2-3276 and SU-3-2620 t. Taking metal consumption in SU-3 as a unit, the ratio in the distribution of rolled metal among construction departments No. 1, 2 and 3" will be 1.5: 1.24: 1.

Meanwhile, SU-3 is busy with the construction of iron and highways, laying water supply and sewerage systems, the production of which requires mainly rails and pipes and a small amount of rolled metal. SU-2 carries out work on the construction of mechanical shop buildings, tunnels and foundations for equipment, which will require more rolled metal than in SU-3, but less than in SU-1, which constructs such metal-intensive facilities as a blast furnace, air heaters, bunker overpass, where the consumption of rolled metal for construction and installation work will be greater than at other plant facilities.

The need for rolled metal, determined by the direct counting method, for working projects among the construction departments under consideration according to their structure will be: SU-3-1091, SU-2-2182 and SU-1-6553 tons.

Thus, the ratio of metal needs between construction departments will be 5:2:1, and not 1.5:1.24:1, as was determined by the standards for 1 million rubles. estimated cost of construction and installation work.

It follows from this that the method of distribution of material resources used in the main office (in the plant) for trusts cannot be applied in a trust for construction departments. The main and decisive measure here is the physical volume of work, established according to working drawings with the determination of the need for materials for direct billing.

Currently, funded materials are, as a rule, centrally sent to manufacturing plants building structures and trust supply offices. Local materials mainly delivered directly to on-site warehouses or to work area. And the supply of construction and installation departments (sites) with materials, products, semi-finished products and structures is carried out by construction industry factories and supply offices of trusts according to weekly-daily schedules and limit cards drawn up according to working drawings, i.e. the trust assumes all functions of providing work materials by direct counting.

Rice. 47. Scheme of water pipelines.

Every year, the national economic plan establishes a list of particularly important construction projects, for which material and technical resources are allocated, calculated and distributed according to the physical volume of work. An example is the construction of the Ingulets Mining and Processing Plant and the Oxygen Concentrator Shop in Krivoy Rog, and the “600” rolling mill of the Kommunarsky Metallurgical Plant.

The list of main types of materials calculated and distributed according to the physical volume of work includes pipes, rails and turnouts. These materials are allocated by planning authorities based on diagrams and specifications design organizations. For example, consider determining the need for steel pipes large diameter and cast iron water pipes for external networks of one of industrial enterprises according to the scheme developed by the former VodokanalNII project (Fig. 47, Table 33).

Table 33

Data on the total length of pipes and weight requirements

Let's look at an example of determining the need for railway rails normal gauge (Fig. 48).

Rice. 48. Scheme railway tracks.

1. The length of the route from railway station A to station B (from PKO to PK 138) is 138 km.

2. Length of career paths, km:

3. The length of the routes to the warehouses is 4.5 km.

Thus, total length railway tracks will be 32 km (13.8+13.7+4.5).

The total weight of the rails is calculated depending on the designed types of rails. In our example, the length of tracks with R-43 rails is 10.9 km and with R-50 rails 21.1 km. Therefore, the need for rails will be: rail R-43 (43 t x 10.9 km x 2) = 937.4 t and rail R-50 (50 t x 21.1 km - 2) = 2110 t.

The established need for pipes and rails is checked by the ministry and the State Planning Committee of the republic, adjusted in accordance with the capital investment plan, and then included as a separate line in the material and technical supply plan.

When drawing up a plan for the material and technical supply of construction sites, circumstances often arise in which the need for acutely scarce materials is not covered ( metal pipes, rails, metlakh and facing tiles, etc.). What to do in these cases?

The practice of construction projects shows that a way out of this situation is only possible by revising the capital investment plan for the planned year. A revision of this plan can be carried out in one of three ways:

making changes to title lists by title holders without reducing the amount of capital investments, i.e., initial allocations for objects that cannot be completed due to a lack of construction materials are switched to other objects that do not require the use of acutely scarce materials;

withdrawal of a certain amount from the capital investment plan for facilities in one industry and switching them to another industry, where these funds can be used without the use of acutely scarce building materials;

initiating a petition to planning authorities to revise the capital investment plan with a reduction in the amount of work that is not supported by acutely scarce materials.

Thus, the most important condition planning is to link the plans for the material and technical supply of construction sites with the program of construction and installation work. Failure to comply with this principle often leads to an increase in the volume of unfinished construction, i.e., the death of large Money and material resources.

In all cases, the logistics plan should be based on state interests, it should not contain elements of localism, advocacy of narrow departmental interests, or the vicious practice of inflating requests for material resources. The supply plan should be developed on the basis of progressive, technically sound standards that take into account the introduction of new construction equipment.