Step-by-step construction of a garage with your own hands. How to build a garage in a country house: step-by-step construction of a permanent building. Making a garage floor

Garage near the house with block house cladding

You have decided to build a house for your car, but are short on funds, how can you make sure that the garage is spacious, well-built, and has enough finances? In this article we will tell you which material is cheaper to build a garage from, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each type.

What do manufacturers offer?

The building consists of the following structures:

Foundation.
Walls.
Roof.
Gates.
Finishing.

We will analyze each item separately, we will try to select the most suitable for each design. economical look material.

Foundation

They usually put it under the garage strip base(cm. ).

It is made from several types of material:

Prefabricated reinforced concrete blocks.

The advantages of such a foundation are speed of installation, strength and reliability. They can also be used to lay out a basement in a garage or a viewing hole. But the price of the blocks is quite high; in order to deliver and install them, you will have to hire expensive equipment, specialists in working with a crane and installing reinforced concrete.

This option is good when used blocks are available, a friend works on a crane and is ready to help for a nominal fee, and the owner of the construction site has the skill and experience of installation work.

Concrete poured into installed formwork with mandatory reinforcement.

In this case, you will only have to spend money on cement and sand-gravel mixture; any formwork is used suitable material: used boards, panels, plywood, metal sheets, that is, everything that may be at hand. For reinforcement, you can also find used reinforcement, mesh or any metal profile; pieces or scraps that are tied together into a single structure will do.

You can make a concrete mixture manually or using a small (0.5 m3) mortar mixer, which one of your garage neighbors or friends will probably have. Of course, this option will take some time and effort, but, as they say, “your own work doesn’t count” if you need to save on materials and work.

Brick or foam, cinder blocks.

To make such a foundation yourself, you need some experience and knowledge of brickwork, and hiring a specialist will cost a lot. In addition, the surface of blocks or bricks will require mandatory multi-layer waterproofing against moisture penetration and protection of the material from destruction.

So, based on the above, we conclude that the most cost-effective foundation for a garage is a “ribbon” of concrete mixture, made and poured with your own hands.

Walls

The garage is a lightweight building, and this structure experiences minor loads - roofing and precipitation, so powerful, thick walls are not needed here.

If the garage is adjacent to the house, then you can save on one wall, the main thing is to correctly connect the two buildings. We will not develop this topic here; instructions for connecting a garage to a house are available on any construction site.

Let's talk about inexpensive materials from which you can build walls:

Dimensions of the building (cottage, garage, bathhouse, etc.)
Wall perimeter, m
Wall height, m
Windows and doors
Entrance door, pcs.
Door width, m
Door height, m
Windows, number of pcs.
Width of one window, m
Height of one window, m
Select building material and masonry
Type of material Expanded clay concrete blocks, 0.5 block masonry, 20 cm wall. Expanded clay concrete blocks, masonry in 1 block, wall 40 cm. Cinder blocks, 0.5 block masonry, 20 cm wall. Cinder blocks, 1 block masonry, 40 cm wall. Brick cladding, thickness 0.5 bricks or 12 cm. Cladding made of thickened brick, wall thickness 0.5 bricks

So, now you know how many expanded clay blocks or cinder blocks are needed for your building. Now, using simple calculations on a regular electronic calculator, you can find out the total amount of money for all the blocks needed for a cottage or garage.
But these materials are very hygroscopic, so you will have to line the outside of the garage to protect it from weather conditions, which will require additional costs.

Brick (see).

A self-sufficient material that does not require additional cladding, construction from it is durable, strong and reliable, the light weight and compactness of the material is also an advantage, but construction will take some time, perhaps longer than we would like. In addition, the cost of brick is probably the highest compared to others, and construction will require skill and special skills.

Blocks made of foam, gas and slag concrete.

Thanks to the dimensions of the material, construction time is reduced, the building will be light, warm, durable, the cost of the blocks is affordable, and transportation will not be difficult. In addition, the mass of walls made of foam blocks does not require a powerful foundation, in this case you can save a little on the foundation.

Metal.

From sheet steel it is possible if the owner has welding skills, or it is possible to hire a specialist. A frame garage with metal cladding will cost less than one made of brick or foam block.

Disadvantage metal garage is high thermal conductivity, in other words, it will be very cold in winter, the walls will require insulation or the installation of a heating device. If this factor does not matter, then best material for the construction of a garage - sheet steel.

Precast concrete.

Walls made of reinforced concrete panels are quickly installed, the work can be completed in a day. You either buy slabs (used ones are fine, but without visible defects), or pour them yourself. In this case, you will have to spend money on cement and a sand-gravel mixture), the concrete is prepared using a small concrete mixer.

A precast concrete garage is strong, durable, and with some insulation it will be comfortable in any weather. Although installation will require the use of a crane or manipulator, if you work efficiently, you can significantly save on costs.

Beam or board.

A frame structure made of wood will be quite inexpensive, but the high fire hazard of such a building makes you think about the need to build a garage from this material.

It is not easy to unequivocally answer the question of what material is best to build a garage, and in particular walls. All materials offered can be purchased at affordable price, they are great for building a building, it all depends on your capabilities.

Important! If you are familiar with the work of a bricklayer, then a garage made of brick or foam concrete is what you need. If you have a familiar crane operator, then it is easier to pour and install the wall panels. And the ability to hire a welder or the ability to hold an electrode will help you make garage walls from metal.

Roof

It can be of two types: single-slope and double-slope; we will not talk about a more complex and expensive configuration, since our question is to build a garage at minimal cost.

The ceiling is made of hollow slabs or timber, the ceiling is hemmed with boards or plywood. For rafters, take a board at least 40 mm thick, for sheathing - a board 25–30 mm (in order to save money, you can use unedged, but you will have to remove the wane, otherwise the wood will quickly rot).

Such a roof will help solve the issue of insulation; the floor in the attic can be covered with slag, which is the most inexpensive and accessible insulation material. The roofing material for a gable roof can be corrugated sheet or ordinary asbestos-cement slate, proven over the years, an inexpensive, practical and durable material.

For the ceiling, reinforced concrete slabs are used, which are laid directly on the walls with a slight slope to drain rain and snow water. Here the ceiling also serves as a roof. The joints are caulked with mortar or filled polyurethane foam, arrange on the surface for leveling cement screed 50 mm thick.

Roofing materials for a garage with a pitched roof are usually used in rolls, built-up, although to save money you can buy roofing felt, but this is a rather short-lived material, prone to rapid destruction, cracking, etc. Here it is better not to save money and buy more modern weldable materials, for example, TechnoNIKOL.

So, if you choose from these two types of roofing, it is clear that a shed roof will cost 10–15% less.

Gates

The most cost-effective will be conventional metal swing gates, they are reliable, strong and perfectly perform the necessary protective functions. It is enough to paint them twice with metal paint for exterior use.

Finishing

Depending on what material the garage is built from, the interior and exterior decoration depends. Usually no one goes to great lengths when decorating a garage, but it still doesn’t hurt to do the most necessary things.

Brick does not require special finishing; the outside is usually left in its original form, and the inside of the wall can simply be coated with water-based paint.
Block garage requires exterior finishing, it can be a planed board, lining, siding or simple plaster - whatever you can afford, it wouldn’t hurt to plaster the inside with one layer and also cover it with water-based emulsion or lime.
The metal garage is painted with wear-resistant paint both outside and inside.

Conclusion

To find out for yourself what to build a garage from at the lowest cost, you must first calculate the building materials for the garage, starting with the foundation and ending with the roofing and finishing, and then select the most affordable materials.

Important! The cost of registering the building with the relevant authorities must be included in the estimate.

We hope that the thematic photos and videos we provide will help you in resolving this issue.

For a true car enthusiast, a car is not only a means of transportation and a fascinating “constructor”, but in addition it is also a friend and reliable ally. The car requires constant care - it needs to change the oil, filters, spark plugs. But the most important thing a car enthusiast can do for his car is to build a garage with his own hands. As a rule, such a design turns out to be very reliable, since only the car owner knows what kind of “dwelling” his “iron friend” needs in order for him to feel comfortable in it. In addition, it saves money family budget, since expensive services will not be used and unnecessary materials will not be purchased.

Paperwork

A garage built with one’s own hands on a plot of land not intended for construction is considered a self-construction from the point of view of legislation. This also includes the situation when the construction of a garage is carried out on land that does not belong to the owner of the car.

It is not necessary to obtain permits only in the following cases:

the garage is an auxiliary structure;
the garage is being built on a garden or summer cottage not for commercial purposes;
the garage is not permanent (frame or metal).

All other unauthorized buildings are subject to legalization. It is also necessary to register a plot of land, if this procedure has not been carried out previously.

When choosing a particular garage design, it is important to know its real cost. Interesting fact is that the cost can vary within very wide limits. It is determined by a large number of different factors. This includes the cost of materials, construction and finishing work. The choice of equipment for utility networks, dimensions of the garage building structure and other factors.

It is not difficult to calculate the approximate cost of building a garage, but it is important to take into account the variation in price depending on the listed factors.

Let's give this example: to build a one-story standard garage 4x7m and 3m high, you need to lay a foundation, a basement, build walls, make a roof, lay a floor and install it. In addition, we also carry out external and internal finishing of the premises. Additional expenses may arise if you need to purchase a plot of land for a garage, draw up documentation for the acquisition of land ownership, or join a garage cooperative.

Here is the approximate cost of each stage of construction work:

This calculation does not include the cost of heating, ventilation and electricity.

You can invest in this amount if you build a garage yourself, but if you invite specialists to carry out the construction, it will cost much more. For example, the services of one mason are $700, but in addition to him you will also need a roofer, installer and plasterer. Therefore, the most economical option is to build a garage with your own hands. But on the other hand, by paying for the work of specialists, you can count on qualified and high-quality work that will be done in a short time. After all, you don’t have to study and master the features of bricklaying and mix the mortar yourself.

The table shows the cost of relatively inexpensive materials. Namely, roofing felt, unedged boards and asbestos-cement slate are used for the roof. But it can be used for roofing modern materials, For example bitumen shingles or metal tiles, corrugated sheets. In this case, the cost of the material will increase several times.

If you decide, you will see how exciting and creative the process is. You will receive great pleasure not only from the result of the work, but also from the construction process itself.

When a garage is planned to be installed in a house, it is also not difficult to calculate its cost, but it will include design costs, and the costs of the foundation and construction of walls will be included in the construction of the house, which will create additional cost savings.

Very often, building a garage with your own hands becomes the determining principle for choosing a construction method. This is an interesting and creative process that brings joy from a satisfactory result.

There are different ways to build a car shelter. It all depends on your financial capabilities, the available building plot and personal preferences. A garage can be attached to the end of a residential building or cottage, at the back, or even built under the house itself. In addition, you can find prefabricated structures on sale or simply arrange a canopy, which has the lowest cost and ease of construction, but at the same time this option is the least reliable.

The most popular option is a detached garage, which must be located as close as possible to the entrance to the site so that you do not have to waste precious square meters by laying access paths across the entire territory. The best option the garage will be located directly on the building line of the site, since in this case the garage doors will face the street. Such garages can be a prefabricated metal structure, a permanent structure with a flat or gable roof, as well as some part of a utility block.

Now you can proceed directly to building a garage, which, like any other business, will give you a lot of trouble, but at the same time you will also receive a huge amount of positive emotions. Also, when self-construction, you can save a lot. Immediately after viewing the photographs illustrating the construction process, your hands will itch and you will want to begin construction as soon as possible, and upon completion of construction, the result will delight you!

Any construction must begin with drawing up a project for the future facility. In this case, it is not at all necessary to make a large number of drawings, but if you want to achieve an excellent result, do not be lazy to describe and draw your future garage in all details in advance.

To begin with, even at the design stage, you need to decide on the following:

Tasks that will face the garage. Here you need to decide whether the work will be carried out in the garage renovation work or it will be used only for parking the car. Will you need an inspection hole? All requirements must be written down on paper.
Required garage height. This parameter should be selected based on the tasks that will be assigned to the garage, as well as the size and characteristics of the site on which construction will take place.

If you want to build a garage just for parking a car, then a garage whose dimensions are 3x6 meters (if your car is a standard size) is quite suitable for you. Such a garage can easily accommodate a car up to 4.5 meters long and up to 2 meters wide, and there will be 50 cm left on the sides, which will be used to open the doors and then exit the car.

The height of the garage must be such that it is sufficient for a car to enter. Most often it is 1.5-2 meters, but it will be better if you tie it to the size of the gate, the height of which is 2-2.5 meters. If you have a prestigious foreign car, the width of which exceeds 1.9 meters and the length of 5 meters, then you should build a larger garage.

If you plan to place a workbench or cellar in your garage, then you will have to increase it a little more. IN large garage it is very convenient to maintain and repair a car, and on the shelves and racks you can store seasonal tires, utility utensils and various tools. If you build, then you will need to leave an additional distance between them equal to 70 centimeters.

Selecting a location

Before choosing a place for your future garage, you need to draw up a master plan of the site, placing all existing buildings on it, taking into account sanitary, hygienic and fire safety standards. It is also necessary to take into account the convenience of access to the garage, as well as its location relative to the house and the boundaries of your land plot.

The garage can be located both in the depths of the site and on the building line, if the gate is in open state will not interfere with cars passing by. In addition, the garage should be located one meter from neighboring plot, if the water flowing from its roof does not reach the neighbors. According to sanitary standards, from the entrance to the garage to the windows of the neighbors should not be less than ten meters.

In addition, fire safety standards also dictate their requirements. According to them, it is not recommended to place a detached garage closer than 15 meters from buildings that are finished polymer materials, and closer than 9 meters from the house itself.

Once you have made sketches on paper, you can try to transfer them to the area, for which you will need several pegs, a nylon cord, a long tape measure and a heavy hammer. In order to tie the location of the future garage to the area, it is necessary to determine the location of one of the corners of the garage, and then, based on it, mark the rest.

Construction materials

You can build your own garage using a wide variety of materials:

the most common and familiar material is brick, from which you can build quite reliable garage;
a reliable garage can also be built from reinforced concrete, and it will be collapsible, that is, you can dismantle this structure at any time;
If you build a garage from cinder concrete, it will cost you less than a brick one, but you will have to spend more effort on its construction. The security of such a garage is somewhat lower;
You can quickly build a garage from metal, and its cost will be within reasonable limits, since such a garage does not require a foundation;
wood is extremely rarely used to build a garage, since such a garage requires constant maintenance and is considered the most unreliable.

Foundation and earthworks

Excavation work during the construction of a garage must be done manually. The minimum trench width for a monolithic foundation should be 40 centimeters, and the depth is selected depending on the level of soil freezing. Most often, the depth is in the range of 0.6-1.2 meters, but a meter depth may well be enough for you.

To ensure that the bottom of the trench is not loose, it is necessary to select soil up to a layer that has a natural density. The walls of the trench need to be processed with a shovel so that they become smooth and vertical. To build a garage, you can use a wide variety of foundation types. But this article will consider a rubble concrete foundation, which is considered relatively inexpensive and quite simple.

Making a rubble concrete foundation is very simple: first you need to lay rubble stone in rows in a trench, pouring cement mortar on each row as much as is necessary to fill the trench to the very top. The grade of solution used for these purposes must be at least 150. To obtain a solution of this grade, you need to mix 2.5 buckets of sand with one bucket of Portland cement grade 400, and then add the amount of water needed to obtain a solution of the required mobility.

To build a base, it is necessary to install around the perimeter of the trench wooden formwork from boards whose width should be approximately 10 centimeters. Be sure to level the formwork. If the site is uneven, the highest place should be taken as a basis, to which you need to add ten centimeters to the base, and then measure the horizon from it.

Horizontal waterproofing, made of several layers of roofing material, must be installed along the base, laying it dry. Waterproofing is very important here. important role- it will not allow the garage walls to absorb capillary moisture from the ground.

Before you begin building your garage walls, you should first install the garage doors, as they will gradually be secured into the masonry as the wall is built.

Must be easy to use and reliable. They can be lift-and-turn, roller shutter, sectional or swing, and open mechanically or automatically. It is best to choose automatic gates, since in this case you can open them without leaving your car using the remote control. But there must also be a manual control mode in case the power goes out.

The frame of the doors can be made from wooden blocks 50 mm thick and 90-100 mm wide. After this you need to paint outer side frame and nail 6 mm thick plywood directly onto the paint. Then the frame needs to be turned over and all the free space between the bars filled with insulation, also laying it on fresh paint, which will help prevent the insulation from slipping in the future. After this, the frame must be painted on the other side, and then painted hardboard or plywood must be nailed so that you get a warm sandwich of hardboard, insulation and plywood.

In order to increase the strength of the connection between the gate frame and the wall, it is necessary to weld the frame to the embedded parts, for which round rods with a diameter of 10-12 mm can be used. These rods must be embedded in the seams during laying. The gate should be installed strictly vertically, carefully checking the installation with a level or plumb line. You can level the gate using a small crowbar and flat stones that need to be placed at the corners.

After the gate is installed, you can begin laying the walls. With a wall width of 20 cm, bricks, foam blocks or cinder blocks must be laid “brickwise”, that is, ordinary chain laying, where each next row must overlap the seams of the previous one. Laying should begin from the corners. Next, you need to stretch a thin cord between the corners, along which the remaining blocks will be laid. Then you will again need to raise the corners and continue laying.

During the laying process, be sure to check the verticality of the walls using a plumb line, turning Special attention on the verticality of the corners, as this is very important. The horizontalness of the rows must be checked using a level, not forgetting required slope, thanks to which rainwater will drain. For the same reason it is necessary to do end walls garages of different heights, that is, the top edge of both side walls should be sloped. The slope must be made in such a way that it takes into account the length of the garage, that is, 5 centimeters of slope for every meter of garage length. For example, if your garage is 6 meters long, then the height difference should be 30 cm. To get an even slope, you should pull the cord and navigate along it.

In addition, it is necessary to take care of the scaffolding in advance. They are needed if the wall masonry exceeds 1.5 meters. You can use anything as a material for making scaffolding - old door leaves or boards that must support the weight of a person, several building blocks and several buckets of mortar, that is, approximately 200 kg.

The mortar that will be used for laying walls must be mixed in the following proportion - 4.5 buckets of sand to 1 bucket of cement, grade 400. Do not make it too liquid; its consistency should resemble thick sour cream. In order for the solution not to delaminate and to be more plastic, you need to add half a bucket of lime dough or ordinary clay to it.

It is best to make the wall on the side of the gate 2.5 meters high, and the wall facing the slope - 2 meters. If there is such a need, then the height of the walls can be easily increased to 3-4 meters, but in this case it is necessary to reinforce every 4-5 rows with metal mesh.

Roof and ceiling

The garage floor can be made of metal beams with plank lining. For this purpose you will need steel beams, having a height of 100-120 mm, which are perfect for constructing a garage floor, whose length is 6 meters. The length of the beams should be chosen 20-25 cm longer than the width of the garage, this is necessary so that at least 10 cm of their length extends into the wall.

The beams must be laid across the garage every 80 cm, parallel to the short wall. It is recommended to first lay the beams and embed them in the long walls, and only then repeat their slope. Then you can begin to sew up the ceiling, for which you need to lay 40 mm thick boards along the lower flanges of the beams, moving them as tightly as possible. After this, you need to place roofing felt on top of the boards. The roll must be rolled out across the garage so that the edges are bent upward by about 10 cm. Next, a semi-rigid mineral slab, expanded clay or slag should be laid on the roofing felt.

In order to protect the walls from moisture, the roof should extend approximately 20 cm in front and behind the garage. Such canopies can be made from boards that are launched under top shelf beams

It is necessary to make a cement screed on top of the slag, using the same cement mortar as for masonry. The screed should have a thickness of about 20 mm, but if its thickness is 30-35 mm, then this will be ideal. When screeding, try to avoid the formation of depressions and strong bumps, otherwise the roof will constantly absorb moisture, which will lead to leakage. To prevent this from happening, the roof should be covered with a waterproof material, which can be roofing material or its modifications - rubemast, aquaizol, bicrost, etc., which can be glued to the roof using two methods - by fusing or using bitumen mastics.

Before laying roofing felt on the roof, it is advisable to treat the cement screed with a primer or bitumen primer so that the roofing felt sticks well to it. You can prepare the primer yourself using diesel fuel and molten bitumen, or used oil and bitumen in a 3:1 ratio. Remember that you need to pour bitumen into diesel fuel or oil, and not vice versa. It is best to do the laying of roofing felt together. You should start from a low part of the roof, moving up the slope and gluing strips of roofing felt with an overlap of 10 cm across the garage. The roofing material at the beginning and end of the roof needs to be overlapped end boards visor Before installation, all beams should be painted twice, and the boards must be treated with an antiseptic and painted.

Blind area and floors

It is customary to arrange it at the base level. Considering the fact that a car will drive into the garage, the highest demands must be placed on the strength of the floor. The best material for flooring is concrete, the layer thickness of which should be about 8-10 cm. Before laying concrete, the earthen base must be leveled and thoroughly cleaned.

If bedding is needed, you can use sand or small crushed stone, which must be compacted thoroughly. You can use ready-made concrete for the floor, grade M200, or you can prepare it yourself by taking the components in the following proportion: two buckets of sand, three buckets of small crushed stone and one bucket of cement.

In order to ultimately get a flat floor, you should set beacons made level from a profile pipe, or tighten the laces. Try to lay concrete in portions, but so that the process goes on without stopping. After finishing laying the concrete, it should be rubbed down as thoroughly as possible, and if necessary, then reinforced.

Outside around the garage it is necessary, the width of which should be about 50 cm. The work should be done in the same way as it was with the floor - first a base is made of crushed stone, and then concrete is laid on top. For a blind area, the thickness of the concrete should be approximately 4-5 cm, and it itself should have a slight slope directed away from the garage, because the blind area serves to drain rain and melt water from the walls of the garage.

Heating and finishing

The garage does not need any special finishing; it will be enough to rub the walls with cement mortar or simply plaster them and whitewash them.

As for heating, this issue is much more important. Remember that no amount of garage insulation will save your car in winter if you do not use additional heating equipment. Insulation of the garage can be done using semi-rigid mineral wool slabs or 5 cm thick foam plastic slabs.

Built-in and attached garages are most often warm, as they are heated using a home boiler. Garage heating can be either electric or water. In addition, you can install infrared heaters and oil convectors. It doesn’t matter how the garage is heated, the main thing is that the temperature in it in winter is at least 5-6 degrees above zero.

Remember that too warm rooms are harmful to cars, as high temperatures Condensation forms on the body, and corrosion forms on parts, which reduces the service life of the car.

Be sure to make sure that the garage has good supply and exhaust ventilation, which will remove exhaust gases from the garage, as well as the smell of gasoline and hot oil, which will have a positive effect on drying the car and create acceptable air exchange, which for one car is 180 cubic meters per hour.

With effective ventilation, 5-10 times air exchange should be provided. To obtain such values, three ventilation modes can be used: natural, mechanical and combined. The simplest and most inexpensive mode is natural air exchange. To organize this mode, it is necessary to install supply grilles at the bottom of the gate. Air will be removed from the garage through a deflector, which is a special exhaust device located at the very end of the exhaust duct.

In a garage, the air duct should be located near the wall farthest from the door. In this scheme, heavy fresh air will enter the garage through the supply grilles, and exhaust less dense air will be forced out. For effective air exchange, channel cross-section exhaust system ventilation should be two times smaller than the cross-section of the supply ducts. But the natural regime also has disadvantages, since it is quite dependent on a variety of external factors such as pressure, presence of wind and difference between external and internal temperatures.

If you install an exhaust fan in the garage, you will have a combined system. Exhaust fan must be mounted in a wall or in an exhaust duct on the roof. Among the disadvantages of the combined system are the lack of heating and filtration of air coming from the street, as well as the constant operation of the fan.

Mechanical ventilation does not have all the disadvantages listed above, since special supply and ventilation devices are responsible for both the air flow and its removal. exhaust ventilation. Part supply ventilation includes heater, fan and filter. The air in such a system, entering through the ventilation duct, is first heated, then filtered, and only after that it enters the garage through the air distributor. Exhaust air is removed using an exhaust fan.

The inspection pit is a fairly important part of the garage, since from time to time any modern car needs to be inspected, repaired and maintained. But some car owners see the inspection hole as more of a tribute to habit and fashion, rather than a necessary part of the garage.

But if you decide to do it, you should start the work by marking it on the garage site. It is recommended to make an inspection hole with a slight offset (10-20 cm) from the central axis in order to leave more free space on the left for the workbench and driver passage.

The inspection hole must have a length equal to the length of the car, excluding bumpers. This is necessary so as not to accidentally fall into an open hole with your foot. To repair the front or rear of the car, it must be moved backwards or forwards.

It is better not to equip the entrance to the pit with a ladder, as this may increase the risk of injury. In addition, in the inspection hole there is always high humidity, because of which wooden staircase can rot very quickly. It is better to make several steps, 30-35 cm wide, instead of stairs. It is best to fill the walls of the pit and steps with concrete.

During repairs, the surface of the steps can be used for storing tools. It is advisable to frame the upper borders with a corner so that they do not collapse. The corners must be reinforced, that is, metal rods or bolts must be welded to their sides in order to firmly secure them in the concrete.

Along the edges of the pit contour, it is imperative to install restrictive bars, while doing this with outside an oval so that the car pushes away from the hole if it suddenly hits it with a wheel.

To cover the pit, you can use various lid options. The covers and framing contour of the pit can be assembled from wooden shields, assembled from boards 40 mm thick. To make the shields move faster, balls with a diameter of 15-20 mm can be inserted into the lower part.

The design documentation must include the road to the garage. On the one hand, the type of coating must correspond to the style of the garage, and on the other hand, it is necessary to take into account the geology of the site, the level of groundwater and the characteristics of the soil. Some solutions may involve the usual backfilling with crushed stone or sand with drainage, while others are tiles or bricks held together with mortar.

In addition, the access road must be in harmony with garden paths and take into account all the preferences of the owners.

The driveway that leads to the garage must be level and solid; it can be made of asphalt, curly paving or concrete. When building a driveway, try to follow the construction technology so that in the spring the path does not swell and the tiles do not move apart.

Now you know how to build a garage with your own hands. After reading this manual and purchasing necessary materials and tools, you will not have any difficulties when carrying out the work.

Many vehicle owners are wondering how to quickly build a garage from inexpensive building materials. A car parked outdoors is exposed to various atmospheric influences. This not only burns out the paintwork, but also quickly corrodes the body, components and parts located under the hood.

The cheapest garage is the metal “shell”, famous in the 90s, or a ready-made prefabricated metal one. But this is not the best option at all, since condensation collects there and there are temperature changes, which also negatively affects the car, but it is better to build a warm room.

Today there are many building materials for constructing a building. They differ from each other not only in cost, but also in specific gravity, which determines the type of foundation for the structure. The lighter the structure, the less powerful the foundation can be made.

Laying the foundation

It’s better to do it for a heavy structure strip foundation, under the lung it is enough to make a columnar one. The only thing we must not forget is that even if an inexpensive columnar foundation is being built, it must be laid to the freezing depth. In our latitudes this is at least 80 cm. Columnar foundation, naturally, will reduce the cost of building a garage. Some argue that the foundation can be laid in a trench 40 cm deep. But then it can be excruciatingly painful when after cold winter the structure will “lead” due to the fact that the foundation will crack and begin to collapse. This effect may not be noticed immediately - only after a few years.

Before starting construction, you need to carefully calculate all costs and weigh your financial capabilities.

Only after this can you decide what to build a cheap option from.

Construction materials

What is needed for construction

Used brick is a fairly cheap, warm and reliable material. But it is worth considering that often its surface does not have an attractive or even decent appearance. This means that walls made of such material will have to be either plastered or covered with other finishing materials. And this will make the entire structure more expensive than some new materials.
Sandwich panels are a modern building material. It is distinguished by its low weight, ease and speed of installation of structures made from it. Most types of these panels do not require external and interior decoration. These are three-layer slabs with an internal insulating layer and a coating on the outer sides of metal, polystyrene foam or magnesite slab. They are quite large in size (from 1000×2000 mm), which speeds up the installation of structures made from them. It is worth noting that for construction, a frame must be made from such panels. It can be made of wood, metal or even reinforced concrete structures. The most commonly used metal frame. It is strong and durable and, unlike wood, does not shrink or dry out. And yet you can build a frame out of wood. Wall material such as “sandwiches” allows you to carry out all stages of construction yourself.
Corrugated sheeting can also be classified as one of the building materials from which you can build a garage at low cost. This design is arranged on a metal or wooden frame. At the same time, you must not forget to take into account the costs of insulating the structure. Because without insulation of the walls and ceiling, it will be the same tin can with all its shortcomings as a ready-made prefabricated one.
OSB boards today are also popular among those who build lightweight structures. The advantage of OSB board is that it is not susceptible to moisture like other lumber. OSB acquired this property due to its three-layer structure, where in the outer layers the chips are located horizontally along the surface of the slab, and in the inner layer - vertically. From this material you can build a fairly cheap room for a car. Its construction will not take much time, because... is also performed on a frame, and the dimensions of the slab are quite large. The spans between the frame posts should not exceed 1.2 m, because OSB boards are a fairly flexible material. Large spans will make the structure fragile. The thickness of the wall slabs must be at least 18 mm. There are also slabs with a thickness of 22 mm on sale. The outside of walls made of this material can be finished with siding. But this operation should not be performed immediately if there are not enough funds. It is permissible to start by covering the walls with plastic film, because OSB boards resist moisture well. Insulation from the inside is not necessary. But if you still want to insulate the room, you can do this over time, when additional financial opportunities become available. Inside the room, there will be a space between the frame posts that can be filled with mineral wool or polystyrene foam.

To build this structure with your own hands, you don’t have to be a skilled craftsman. It is enough to have basic skills: the ability to work with a hammer, screwdriver, electric saw.

First and mandatory stage- creation of a project. To do this, you also don’t have to resort to the services of a designer. After all, a garage is a simple rectangular box. The best option- 4x6 m with a height of 2 m. If you build it for a minibus, then you can make the width and length a little larger (although this is not necessary), and the height - 2.5 m.

Construction project

To optimize construction costs, there is nothing left to do but build a frame garage. In accordance with the dimensions, you need to calculate the number of racks. At the same time, do not forget that the spans between them must correspond to the width of the wall panels, taking into account the fact that they are attached end-to-end, and sandwich panels are overlapped (they have special locks for this purpose).

Today it is prestigious to have automatic overhead gates, but they are expensive. Therefore, if you decide to keep within minimum budget, then choose the cheaper option. You can purchase the same type of gate, but with mechanical (manual) lifting of the door leaf. But still, this element should not be neglected.

Automatic lift gates

There is one more structural element, which will help optimize the cost of construction. Instead of a gable roof, which requires the construction of a rather complex rafter system, you can make a single-pitch one. Under it rafter system much simpler. But you should not neglect its strength, since this can affect the strength of the entire structure. The slope of a pitched roof must be at least 25° so that there is no excessive snow load on the structure and it does not collapse.

During construction, you should not forget that the floor must be higher than the ground level, so that neither rain nor groundwater didn't get inside. To do this, it is not necessary to immediately make a concrete screed. You can cover the floor with crushed stone and compact it. Over time, when funds become available, it will be possible to make a screed using this crushed stone base.

Video: construction from foam blocks

Sometimes new owners vehicle they begin to think about how to quickly build a garage when the rains and then the cold are approaching. You can quickly build a frame and sheathe it. This will take 2-3 weeks. But it is important to remember that the foundation required for any permanent structure must be settled for at least 3 weeks until it reaches 70% strength. Therefore, if you want to build a room for the rainy and cold season, you need to start work in the spring, as soon as the ground has completely thawed.

Every car owner dreams of a small, cozy garage. You can easily turn this dream into reality with your own hands by building a garage yourself.

Construction Features

Before you start building a garage, you need to carefully think through and analyze the construction plan. First of all, you need to obtain a building permit.

You need to pay special attention to the following documents:

SNiP 2.07.01-89 “Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements";
SNiP 01/21/97 " Fire safety buildings and structures."

If fire regulations are not met, then the building can be declared illegal and demolished.

You also need to decide what the building will be like. It is divided into several types:

temporary – has a short service life;
mobile - requires a frame structure;
combined – suitable for subsiding soils;
capital - has a long service life, but will not be cheap.

It is necessary to consider protection from intruders. It is better to spend money on an alarm system than to later count the losses due to stolen property and a stolen car.

Dimensions

In order to calculate the required dimensions, you need to decide on the number and size of the machines that will “live” in the building. You should also understand whether any other things will be stored in the garage. It is necessary to consider whether you will be buying a large car in the near future. For example, if in the near future the owner is going to purchase a large truck, then building it for a passenger car is pointless; it is better to immediately consider the option of building a large garage.

For one car, the size will be calculated based on its dimensions. To this value you need to add half a meter on each side. This is necessary for comfortable exit from the car and free movement around the garage. It should be remembered that with such small sizes for tires and various devices there will be no room left. Therefore, it is worth increasing the length by 3 meters and adding a few more meters to the width. The height of the building must be more than half a meter from the height of the car.

It is better to take all measurements with the trunk open.

For multiple vehicles, sizing will be more difficult to calculate. Between them you need to create a distance of a fully open door; you can add 30-40 cm for comfortable parking. The distance between the wall and the door should be more than half a meter. The front and rear of the vehicle must be positioned so that a person can easily walk through. The distance should be approximately one meter.

As for the gate, here you need to take the width of the car and add 60 cm on both sides. If there are two cars, then it is better to take the width of the gate from 2.5 meters and 20 cm in reserve on each side. The height of the building is calculated in the same way as in the case of one car.

These were examples of the simplest small boxes. If the owner wants to use the garage space not only to store his “iron horse”, but also for other purposes, it will be enough to calculate the dimensions of the items and take into account the space for free access to them. Then add the obtained data to the existing dimensions of the garage, which were calculated above.

The drawing will help you determine the dimensions., it is performed on paper or in a special program. You can turn to professionals for advice, they will help and suggest how best to implement this or that idea. You can take a ready-made diagram. The main thing is its presence. The drawing is very important for subsequent work.

Selecting a location

If the garage is located on a summer cottage, you can consider the option of adding a structure to the house. There is no need to obtain permission; construction does not require special conditions, because such a building is considered part of the house. Here it is possible to make the exit as close to the gate as possible or directly onto the street.

With a detached type of garage you will have to tinker. The SNiP states that there must be a distance of at least one meter between the garage and the border of the site, if the neighboring land plots no buildings. If they are, the distance should be at least 6 meters. When erecting a building, you should make sure that there are no sewer pipes, heating pipes, water supply or power lines nearby. Construction in low-lying areas should be avoided as this may lead to flooding. The best option would be a slight elevation.

If there is not enough space on the site, then the way out of the situation would be to build an underground garage. You need to go outside. You cannot place a garage directly under the house itself; it would be more rational to make an extension to the strip foundation. The area under which the building is located should not be used for the installation of structures with a foundation depth of more than 55 cm. But if there are underground springs or wetlands at the site of the future construction, then it is better to abandon construction; such soil will require an extremely expensive drainage system.

The premises must be located as close as possible to the exit and the highway, but without sharp turns.

If you don’t have a dacha, but you need a garage, you can buy a privatized plot of land in the city. After which, having received permission, construction begins. This procedure is very long, so you need to be patient. You should choose a location as close to home as possible, but you need to be prepared for the fact that there may not be free land for development within the city, but only on the outskirts or outside the city. Such a garage needs careful protection from intruders.

Design options

There are many types of garages to suit every taste and budget. The simplest and cheapest options are “shell” and “pencil case”. You can easily make them yourself, and the “shell” can even be moved. But they do not differ in durability.

The next type is one-story, it can be made with a pit or utility block. In the city, the monolithic version is most often built, and although it is not very attractive in appearance, it is very durable. No thief can get into it. If the garage is located on a summer cottage, then a panel frame garage can be an inexpensive option. It is built many times faster than monolithic and brick ones.

The two-story building can serve not only for storing cars, but is also suitable for living in the summer. The residential floor should be warm, equipped with light, a toilet and a kitchen. And the second floor with a gable roof can turn into a cozy attic.

The garage can also be an extension to the main house. The advantages of such a building are that you do not need to think additionally about heating and other communications; the entrance to the extension can be made directly from the house. But a significant disadvantage is that exhaust gases enter the house when the car enters and exits. This option is suitable for those owners who have not completed the main house, because an extension to an already completed building requires large investments and thorough preparation.

To build an underground room, several conditions must be met:

When building a deep garage, the biggest problem is its waterproofing. This will require the installation of a drainage system for the garage roof and enhanced waterproofing of all load-bearing structures.
The garage roof frame must be completed using concrete slabs with a mandatory support system.
The room must have an emergency exit in case of a house collapse or fire.
After choosing a garage design, you should decide on the material and find good suppliers of all the necessary attributes for construction.

Materials

The market offers a huge range quality materials that will last a long time. Each has its own pros and cons, you should remember this and choose an option that you will be comfortable working with.

Polycarbonate is a lightweight and cheap material, but should only be used for a small garage. For example, for a shell.

If the owner prefers metal, then you can opt for sandwich panels or corrugated sheets. Sandwich panels in cross section resemble a sandwich: between two metal sheets there is insulation. Construction is carried out in a very short time, and the structure is lightweight and lends itself to any modernization. Their price is very low, and installation can be carried out at any time of the year. But such material is short-lived, the metal frame requires treatment against rust, and the wooden base must be treated with antiseptic substances.

Corrugated sheeting is a cheap, high-quality and beautiful material. Corrugated garages are built quite quickly. You should pay attention to the brand: it is better to choose S-20 or PS with a thickness of 0.5 mm. In no case should you take -8 grades; these sheets will not last long due to poor wind resistance and low frost resistance.

A structure made of red brick will be much more reliable than one made of metal. This material has high frost resistance and low thermal conductivity. From an aesthetic point of view brickwork It looks quite decent, but the material is very expensive.

Foam block is cheap and light weight, so construction from it can be carried out by one person. The only catch is that the gray blocks are not very attractive to look at. This problem can be solved with the help of finishing materials.

Gas silicate blocks are gaining great popularity. Despite their low weight, they have high strength and are easy to process. The blocks also have low thermal conductivity and do not require additional treatment with antiseptics. With such material you don’t have to worry about the appearance of mold, bacteria and fungus.

By environmental characteristics gas silicate blocks are on a par with natural materials.

The disadvantage of gas silicate blocks is high water absorption. The layer of plaster on the walls may crack and peel. This problem can be solved by treating the walls with penetrating primers. Since blocks are a weak basis for fastening, securing massive objects will be problematic. They do not have high frost resistance. The material has high levels of free lime, which makes it possible to intensify the corrosion processes of metal inclusions: fittings, pipelines, frames and others.

Another artificial, but environmentally friendly material is cinder block. You can buy it or make it yourself. For the second, you will need a vibroforming machine. When purchasing, you should pay attention to the filler. It is better to choose crushed stone, sawdust, shell rock, and expanded clay. Cinder block garages are not scary natural disasters, it has high fire safety and is easy to repair. With this material you can vary the thickness of the walls. In addition, it is not biodegradable, its price is quite low, and its service life is about 100 years. The advantages of a cinder block are reduced by its unpresentable appearance, complex installation of pipes and cables, and high thermal conductivity.

Arbolite has been known since the times of the USSR. It is lightweight and has low thermal conductivity. It is a non-flammable material and is tensile resistant. It is not afraid of cracks and deformations during foundation movements. It is invulnerable to rot and mold. The material is distinguished by high frost resistance. It is also easy to attach various structures to it. Such a garage will have good sound absorption. The disadvantages are a high water absorption coefficient - from 40 to 85%, and a rather high price.

An expanded clay block will be an assistant in the implementation of bold design and architectural ideas. Almost all types of finishes, both internal and external, are suitable for it. The material has low thermal conductivity, it is strong and durable, with high sound insulation. The vapor permeability of the blocks creates a favorable microclimate indoors. The process of building a garage will move quickly due to large sizes block. And simple production contributes to an affordable price.

The disadvantage of expanded clay blocks is the formation of cold bridges, but with the help of cladding and additional thermal insulation, the problem can be solved. The material has low water resistance, is quite heavy and requires a strong foundation, but to use this building material cannot be used as a foundation.

More natural material- tree. The material is inexpensive, beautiful and allows you to perform bold design solutions. Fire resistance can be achieved using various impregnations. The downside is a short service life and high thermal conductivity.

Railway sleepers are beams made from trees. A special mixture that works as an antiseptic helps protect the garage from rot, bacteria, sun, moisture and small rodents. You can buy sleepers at the nearest railway department where track repairs are carried out. A garage made from such material will be dry and warm, able to withstand even an earthquake. But you should never build a garage out of new sleepers. The smell of creosote is very dangerous and can cause chemical burns and poisoning. The period of their use in air should be 12-30 years, during this period the mixture is washed off and loses its unpleasant odor.

The methods for manufacturing and processing sleepers are different; some products are soaked through, while others are saturated to 2.75 centimeters. It's better to use the last option. Such a building requires careful treatment inside, which reduces the risk of contact with creosote residues. Outside, it is necessary to make a well-ventilated facade.

Many building materials do not have high frost resistance, so the garage needs to be insulated. The cheapest insulation is polystyrene foam. It is very easy to install. But you need to remember that this is a fragile material that wears out quickly.

Another cheap insulation - mineral wool. It is safe for health, has high thermal insulation and high level sound absorption. Such material must be covered with an additional layer of vapor barrier.

A more serious insulation is reflective thermal insulation. The material consists of a layer of heat insulator, covered with a metallized film on top. Among the advantages are low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation, low weight, and immunity to moisture. This material is easy to install. The disadvantage is that the material has not been used for long and all its properties have not been studied. It is only known that this insulation is susceptible to corrosion.

Basalt cardboard is a durable material that is highly resistant to temperature changes, deformation and moisture. The material has low heat capacity and good sound absorption, and is not afraid of fire. It is not cheap, but it is very high quality and will last for many years.

Thermal insulating paint and “warm” plaster will help to additionally insulate the garage.

The finishing on the outside of the building must combine resistance to external environmental influences and have a presentable appearance. Modern market offers a wide range of options that meet these conditions. The simplest and cheapest methods are jointing, plastering, siding. More expensive methods - wooden lining, natural or artificial stones.

If the garage is two-story, the space between the first and second floors is covered with a reinforced concrete slab. It is advisable to do this with a hollow core slab, because it is easier to install and low in price.

Roof covering materials can be divided into two groups: soft and hard. The former are suitable for a flat roof, and the latter for a gable roof.

Soft ones include:

Flexible tiles. The material lasts up to 55 years, is resistant to corrosion and rotting and can be of any color. It is better not to use the material in northern regions - under the influence of frost it becomes brittle.
Ruberoid. Service life is about 15 years. The material is cheap, resistant to frost and sun exposure.

Self-leveling roofing lasts 22 years, is easy and quick to install, and can be repaired. The application surface must be perfectly smooth.
Fused roll roofing (hydroizol, stekloizol) has been in use for about 50 years. The material is durable, does not burn, has good sound insulation, and is immune to temperature changes. The only negative is the high price.

Hard ones include:

Reinforced concrete slab - has a long service life, is also suitable for flat roofs, and can withstand heavy weight. You can even create a garden on such a roof.
Flat slate - easy to install, inexpensive, does not lose its qualities in any climatic conditions. It's very easy to fix.

Polycarbonate - lasts about 25 years, does not burn and does not react with solvents, and is low in price. This material is easy to install, resistant to temperature changes, but under their influence it can slightly change shape.
Seam roofing - does not require a powerful frame, is durable, resistant to mechanical damage and temperature changes. Disadvantages of the material - high price, difficult installation, low sound absorption.

SIP-3 is used for overhead power lines;
SIP-4 is resistant to ultraviolet rays;
SIP-5 is suitable for moderate and cold climates and is resistant to high temperatures.

To store and safely move building materials, wooden pallets are required. A good choice would be a pallet made of white acacia, birch or boxwood.

To save money, you can buy a used pallet, the main thing is of good quality.

Construction process: main stages

After creating a drawing, selecting building materials and drawing up step-by-step instructions, construction can begin.

“Pencil case” and “shell” do not require a solid foundation. First you need to make several separate sections and then assemble them.

Assembly steps:

you need to drill technological holes in the structure;
coat the finished elements with an anti-corrosion agent and paint them;
assemble the segments into a common structure and fix them;
All welding defects should be protected and painted.

Electricity can be installed in the garage. To do this, install a lamp and two sockets, then the wires are passed through the corrugation. Taken for work copper wires with double insulation.

The construction of a more complex structure begins with the installation of a strong foundation. For a garage, options such as monolithic slab, pile material, strip shallow or buried foundation. If you are planning a hole or a cellar, then the best choice is a buried tape. A garage with a high-quality foundation will last a long time and will not cause problems, so more attention should be paid to this stage.

Separately, it is worth considering the construction of a pit. The size depends on the car itself. For a passenger car, a width of about 70 cm is suitable; for a truck, you need to add 20-25 cm to the standard size. The height depends on the height of the owner of the garage, but, in any case, it is better to make the garage a little deeper.

An important element is the base; its height ranges from 0.5 to 2 meters. There are two types of base: protruding and recessed. The first option is more elegant, but it will require the construction of an additional ebb along the protruding upper edge - this prevents moisture from entering. The second option is more practical and the building receives maximum protection from moisture.

When constructing walls, two methods are used, it all depends on the chosen material. The first method is building with blocks. With it, the garage will not need to be heavily insulated, but additional finishing will be required on the outside. The second method is frame. The frame is made of a metal profile pipe or wooden beam. The advantage of this method is rapid construction premises.

The next stage is preparing the gate for installation. First you need to take measurements. You need to measure the opening, paying attention to the distance from the right edge to the left. It is also necessary to measure the height of the ceiling.

Exist different kinds garage doors: simple swing, sectional, automatic or manual. Most car owners prefer sectional ones. Such products are very convenient, they take up less space, sealed and strong. But they are expensive and have a complex design.

Before installing the gate, you need to carefully read the instructions and properly prepare the opening. If light material, the opening is strengthened with a special metal frame. A brick garage does not require such a frame.

The room needs to be vacated, this will help to cope with the assembly and installation of the gate much faster and easier.

The next stage depends on the number of floors: if the garage is two-story, then it is necessary to overlap between the first and second floors with a reinforced concrete slab and re-erect the walls.

When building a roof, you need to be careful and follow safety precautions. The easiest way is a flat roof with a slight slope, about 15 cm. This will allow precipitation to drain off better. The only disadvantage of such a roof is the absence of an attic.

If you are going to buy a car, you will need a garage for it. Such an acquisition is significant for many, so new owners of their own vehicle are trying to build a cheap garage with their own hands. Modern technologies construction allow it to be erected in the shortest possible time, spending a minimum of money.

Material selection

The cheapest solutions for walls will be cinder blocks and foam blocks. The latter are easier to lay, which is why consumers choose cellular concrete more often. If you are thinking about how to build a garage cheaply, then you should pay attention to the foam block, which has little weight, so even one person can handle the work process. For such a garage, a strip foundation made of concrete is suitable; the width of the structure can be approximately 200 mm.

When thinking about the question of how to build a garage cheaply, you must remember that it is better to make the foundation low, which will reduce the cost of construction. Three cubes of concrete will be needed to build a standard garage with dimensions of 3 x 6 m. In this case, the foundation will need to be deepened by 0.9 m. It should be remembered that this parameter is not standard, because the foundation must be located below the soil freezing line.

If you want to build a cheap garage with your own hands, you also need to take care of an inexpensive roof. Traditionally, it is single-pitch with a wooden frame system and slate covering. To reduce the cost as much as possible, it will be enough to install only the sheathing under the slate. It is better to avoid using ondulin, because it will almost double the cost of roofing.

Construction of a garage from aerated concrete

If you are thinking about the question of what to build a garage from, then you can choose aerated concrete. The foundation can be not only lightweight strip, but also monolithic. Experts recommend using it. With its help, it will be possible to distribute the load as evenly as possible, which will reduce sedimentary deformation to a minimum.

If you are pursuing the goal of reducing the cost of construction as much as possible, then it is better to use a strip or combined foundation, which is made of reinforced concrete and columnar monolithic belt. Once the foundation is completed and the concrete has hardened, you can begin to build the walls.

The first row should be carried out on a pre-laid layer, and if you decide to use a monolithic reinforced concrete slab, then aerated concrete blocks are laid directly on the surface of the base. This will allow for high-quality waterproofing using roll material. Experts recommend purchasing hydroglass insulation, which is laid on top of bitumen mastic.

Walling

If, when deciding on what to build a garage from, you have chosen, then their installation should be carried out with bandaging of the seams. You can use cement mortar or glue as a masonry mixture. The latter option will cost a little more, but working with this mixture is much more convenient and easier. The thickness of the seam can range from 3 to 5 mm, while when using a solution this parameter will be increased to 1 cm.

Every two rows of masonry, a metal reinforcing mesh should be placed; its edges should protrude a few centimeters beyond the walls, which will allow you to control the laying of the reinforcement. When aerated concrete is used, lintel beams are laid above the gate opening. For one machine the opening width will be approximately 3 m, while for two machines a common opening with a width of up to 6 m can be made.

The jumper should be made from two profile corners, the flange of each of which will be 100 mm. The corners should be placed along the edges of the blocks and fixed to each other or to reinforcement in several places. Then the elements need to be coated with a primer. The lintel should be laid on the same mortar that is used for laying aerated concrete blocks. The edge of the beam on both sides should be located on the walls for a length of 200 mm. If you plan to arrange a wider opening, then you will need to calculate the beam, taking into account the bending load.

When building a garage from aerated concrete, you will have to complete the construction of the walls, only then can you proceed to tying them with belts. Their design will depend on the type of roof, ceilings and wall features. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the loads. If you plan to build a second floor, then you will need to lay reinforced concrete. To construct a roof from wooden trusses, you need to lay a mauerlat, which is a log or wooden beam. It should be secured, and before laying the strapping beam on the walls, you need to lay waterproofing made of bitumen mastic and rolled material.

Addition in the form of a viewing hole

A garage made of aerated concrete may require the installation of an inspection hole. To do this, a pit is dug, the dimensions of which will be 1.5 x 0.8 x 1.8 mm. The inner walls of the pit must be lined with bricks and then covered with plaster. To carry out such work, it is necessary to use slag bricks, which have high water resistance.

For plastering it is necessary to use part cement and 4 parts sand diluted with water. At the final stage, the walls are painted. Along the perimeter you can install a frame welded from profile corners. For concreting the floor, you can use the same solution as for arranging the foundation. The layer thickness will be approximately 70 mm.

Construction of a garage from cinder blocks: construction of the foundation

A cinder block garage can be built on it. It will not only be the cheapest, but also the easiest to implement. To begin with, a trench is dug, and rubble stone is laid in layers at the bottom. The layers should be filled with cement. It is necessary to use a solution of grade M-150 or higher.

To prepare it yourself, Portland cement 400 must be mixed with sand and water. You will need such an amount of liquid to achieve the mobility of the mixture. To construct a plinth, wooden formwork must be installed around the perimeter of the trench. Waterproofing made of two layers of roofing material is laid along the base.

Construction of walls and roof

Having bought building materials cheaply, you can begin building walls. Until this point, gates are installed, which will be strengthened into the masonry as it is erected. When installing cinder blocks, it is necessary to ensure that the seams are bandaged. It is necessary to begin installation of products from the corners, pulling the cord between them.

For the ceiling, 120 mm I-beams should be used. Their length should be 25 cm greater than the width of the room. The elements are placed across the garage in 80 cm increments so that the elements follow the slope of the long wall. After completing this work, you can begin lining the ceiling. At the bottom there are 40 mm beams, on top of which roofing felt is laid.

At the next stage, slag, semi-rigid mineral slab or expanded clay is laid. When building a cheap garage with your own hands, you must take care that during operation it does not require repairs and additional costs. To do this, when laying the roof, it is necessary to extend it from the back and front by 20 cm. Such canopies prevent the walls from getting wet during rain. A screed is made on top of the roofing felt and slag, the thickness of which should be 20 mm. At the final stage, the roof is protected from moisture with rubemast or aquazol.

Features of building a garage from metal profiles

A garage made from a profile pipe costs only 30,000 rubles. To assemble the frame you can use welding machine or bolted connections. After completing the assembly of the frame, its surface must be protected with a primer and a layer of paint applied at the final stage.

The finished frame is sheathed with sheets of profiled metal. To protect the frame, you can use special dyes that are suitable even for rusty surfaces. This choice will save not only money, but also time. When applied paint and varnish material a protective layer is created that prevents corrosion.

Construction of a wooden garage

A garage made of planks will be able to support a monolithic foundation, which will also act as a strong floor. After the solution has hardened, the bottom trim should be made of boards, the size of which is 100 x 500 mm.

To erect gates and corner posts, you need to use beams square section with a side of 100 mm. To increase the strength of the frame, it is necessary to install struts in the corners. To build such a garage, building materials will cost you cheap. After completing work on the frame, you can begin building the roof. For this purpose, 100 x 25 mm boards are used, which are sheathed with profiled sheets.

Conclusion

You can build a cheap garage with your own hands by installing wooden gates. Their cost compared to metal ones will be lower, as will their reliability. Without interior decoration, the price of the garage can be reduced even further. But if you do the work yourself, you can save on the services of specialists. You can decide which material to prefer by reading the information in the article. Below we will present the technologies for constructing an inexpensive garage.