Crafts made from plastic and polypropylene pipes. Making furniture from PVC pipes, how to do it yourself. Shoe rack or wine rack

Plastic pipes are successfully used in the installation of water supply, sewerage, and heating systems. They are usually bought in specialized stores. The cost and ease of processing have made such materials popular. For construction or repair work they are taken with some reserve, and after completion, unnecessary pieces remain. So what can you make from these scraps? plastic pipes?

Material and its qualities

PVC pipes and remaining mounting elements will make successful crafts. A thrifty owner will not throw them away or litter the balcony or dacha with them. After the plumbing is completed, the skill of processing and joining will appear. Why not use it in creating useful things and improving your living space. Fantasy, skillful hands and the ideas in our photos of pipe crafts will inspire you to create unusual items.

The main advantages of pipe materials:

  • price, PVC pipes are inexpensive, but you have already paid for the scraps, you may have to buy additional connecting elements;
  • environmental safety, plastic water pipes are completely neutral and do not corrode;
  • the strength and light weight of the structures are ensured, which is undoubtedly convenient;
  • appearance, white plastic looks good in any modern interiors;
  • service life - manufacturers confirm a half-century service life of pipes;
  • ease of assembly and disassembly, if necessary, repair of structural parts.


Processing Features

Making any crafts requires precise measurements and neat cuts. This is mentioned in every master class on crafts made from pipes. Three rules for working with plastic must be followed:

  • Measure the length of the segment with a tape measure, be sure to mark it with a marker.
  • Cut the marked area with a knife.
  • Secure the pipe before cutting it with a hacksaw or pipe cutter.

Connections are made easier if the pipes are cut at right angles. Fasteners sold in hardware stores are designed for this angle.

Treat and clean the cuts to avoid nicks and chips.

Pipes can be bent. This is why they are heated construction hairdryer or, with caution, gas burner. The heated pipe is bent according to a template, fixed and left to harden in this shape.

How and with what to connect

PVC pipes have become popular due to the ease of installation and assembly work. To connect them, you need corners, couplings, crosses. They are fastened either by hot soldering using an “iron” or simply with glue and screws.

If the structure does not require tightness, then soldering the pipes is not necessary, and without it it is also easy to disassemble the structure. This technique is used when creating greenhouses, when they are installed for the spring-summer period, and then dismantled for the winter and stored in this form.

Crafts made from plastic pipes

Products made from PVC pipes are divided into two types according to assembly methods:

  • collapsible, this is a kind of construction set that can be assembled and disassembled many times;
  • not dismountable, they are assembled once.

In the first case, such structures are assembled for the season or if necessary. Interesting crafts from pipes for a summer residence - greenhouses, gazebos, swimming pools, or folding chairs and tables for outdoor trips - examples of collapsible crafts. Lightweight, durable and useful products are easy to assemble and disassemble.

In non-dismountable crafts, pipes are held together with glue or screws. Short cuts are easily combined into simple ones bookshelves, stands. They will help you try your hand at assembling elementary structures, look at the resulting result and be inspired by it to create products in a minimalist style. original ideas pipe crafts.

Armchairs and chairs will update the interior of the apartment. And if you have basic knowledge in the field of electrical engineering, then you can assemble unique lamps– sconce, table lamp, chandelier or floor lamp.

Very short remains up to 10 cm in length are well suited for designer organizers. Tools will find their place in them on the wall of the workshop, stationery items on desk, even cosmetics in the bathroom.

Assembly example

Let's show you how to make a craft from pipes with your own hands using the example of a mobile clothes dryer. The simplest form resembles a folding easel. The dryer is made from two rectangles of the same height but different widths. The inner rectangle is made already at 10-12 cm. The widest part of the dryer was taken to be 80 cm, but you can do it at your discretion.

To make it you will need:

  • all pieces of pipe with a diameter of 25 mm, legs 60 cm long 4 pcs, 20 cm 12 pcs, base crossbars 80 cm 4 pcs, inner rectangle crossbars 70 cm 3 pcs;
  • connecting corners 2 pieces;
  • tees 12 pcs;
  • clamps 2 pcs.

Procedure for assembling the structure

We make dryer racks from pieces 20 cm long. To do this, we vertically connect 3 such pieces with tees. We get racks a little higher than 60 cm. We insert the legs from below, we get 4 racks of 120 cm in height. We connect two racks with a wide crossbar using corners.

We insert the crossbars into the free horizontal holes of the corners, we get the main and inner rectangle. Using clamps we attach the inner narrow rectangle to the top crossbar of the base.

The dryer is installed like the letter “L”; for stability, you can adjust the angle of the rectangles. Laundry is hung on bars, you can place the dryer in any convenient location. Assembled structure Easily hangs on the wall in the pantry.

Important: Similar step by step instructions, showing how to make a craft from pipes, can be easily found on the Internet. The use of leftover plastic pipes is not limited to the ideas presented; this material can actually be used in your own home workshop.

Photos of crafts made from pipes

Creative owners will always find ordinary things original application. It’s not often that you come across crafts made from plastic pipes, but it is this material that gives room for imagination and often saves a situation in a seemingly hopeless situation. Easily bending, easy to cut, quickly installed sections of plastic pipes can be turned into the most unexpected design. These could be crafts from poly propylene pipes with your own hands, as a flower stand, bush holder, bookcase, rack, decorative ornaments for the home or garden, and even a fence made of plastic pipes or a chair made of pipes.

To obtain bent or flattened structures from polypropylene pipes, the material is heated and, while the pipe is hot, it is deformed into in the right places and directions. It is very convenient to heat sections of PVC pipes with a gas burner, but a regular one will do. gas stove. They cut parts of plastic water pipes with a hacksaw, grinder or jigsaw - manual or electric. Advanced home craftsmen connect homemade PVC pipes with a special soldering iron, and for easier bonding, a synthetic adhesive is also suitable.

What can be made from plastic pipes

If you wish and have a good imagination, garden crafts made from plastic pipes can take up a significant part of your household, both in the house and on personal plot or in the garage. Products different sizes and diameters can be bought at any construction market: their usual purpose is water and sewer lines, heating and irrigation systems, and it often happens that after the main work, pieces of polypropylene pipes of different lengths and diameters remain. If you haven't thrown them away yet, then you can make some very original and even useful crafts from plastic pipes with your own hands.

For the manufacture of artistic objects, sections of polypropylene pipes are best suited - they are rigid, they can be easily connected to each other using nozzles and adapters, so that the structure can later be disassembled. Trimmings also serve well for summer cottage or a playground, a children's room or a car repair shop. The main thing is to see how they can be used. Polypropylene products are well connected by soldering: the result is a non-separable, but very strong and durable structure.

Connection options

From plastic pipes you can make with your own hands not only crafts for the garden, household items or furniture, but also more complex designs. The main thing is to firmly connect the parts of the product. They are connected in the following ways:

  1. One segment is inserted into the socket of the other through a rubber seal;
  2. Plastic pipe blanks are connected using glue;
  3. The parts are connected using threaded hardware.

The first option is the simplest, but not reliable and tough enough. The contacting surfaces must first be cleaned of dust and lubricated with silicone or graphite grease (you can even soap solution or liquid detergent). The segment is inserted into the socket to the end, and then pulled back out a few millimeters.

This design is made from water pipes It can be easily disassembled, so it is suitable for seasonal use: this way you can make a children's swing, chairs, water supply for the garden, etc.

The second option is more reliable, but more labor-intensive. Before gluing scraps of sewer plastic pipes, the joints are also cleaned, sanded with fine sandpaper and degreased with solvent or methylene chloride. The glue is applied to the entire outer surface and 60% of the inner surface of the parts being glued together. Then the products are inserted into the socket and rotated 90 0. Methylene chloride dries quickly - 60 seconds, so gluing must be done quickly.

The third option is to mark the products and drill holes for the bolts. Such DIY pipe crafts are considered the most reliable, and they can always be disassembled for storage or rework.

To connect the corners of structures or several sections in one place, fittings are used - tees, adapters, couplings. Therefore, structures of any complexity can be made from PVC or propylene pipes. Let's look at crafts for children and adults that you can make with your own hands from PVC pipes.

Little things for the interior

  1. From scraps of products you can construct an organizer for your office or workshop. The reliability of the craft is determined by the connection options: self-tapping screws to the surface of a table or wall, or gluing structural parts together. The first option will be stationary, the second – mobile (portable). It is better to take white or gray pipelines;
  2. From plastic pieces of small diameter you will get a beautiful and original stand for tablet or netbook;
  3. What else can be made from pipes? For example, shelves for books in modern or high-tech style, photo frames or mirrors;
  4. From scraps large diameter you will get a shoe shelf with compartments, and from pieces with a smaller diameter - a flower stand. To do it yourself flower pots, you will need products of very large diameter - from 100 mm and above. Such country crafts made from polypropylene pipes can be placed both indoors and outdoors; Usually these are sewer elements;
  5. A floor vase of any length, decorated with any patterns, can even serve as a gift to a friend. To make a vase, take pipes for water supply or sewerage systems of medium diameter, and you can make such a vase as a set - insert the trimmings one by one, using each subsequent segment of a smaller diameter;
  6. An indoor or outdoor spotlight with a minimum of decoration will fit perfectly into a techno-style interior;
  7. Hanger, holder for things, chair or table, rack, shelf, bookcase, shower, sprinkler - for country house there are so many ideas that you can’t remember them all, it would be a fantasy;
  8. The garden house can be equipped with a homemade storm sewer from pipes cut in half lengthwise and connected with glue or bolts into one long drainage channel.

Crafts for the playground

Original crafts made from PVC pipes can also be made for a yard playground: a small playpen for a baby, a collapsible educational mat, a light swing for children under 5-6 years old, a plastic sled original design, collapsible goals for playing hockey or football, small house for games, an outdoor shower stall for summer use, a theater screen for impromptu home theater performances, and much more.


A playpen made from plastic pipes can be assembled in a couple of hours if you have a special soldering iron. You'll just have to buy more for the segments required amount corners and crosses for connecting partitions to each other. The design is simple in that it does not require a floor.


Plastic swings must be assembled from polypropylene pipes with a diameter of 32-55 mm, or from metal-plastic pipes large diameter. For structural rigidity, metal rods of suitable diameter are inserted into the supporting pipes - they will not weigh down too much portable design, but will make it as safe as possible for children. For a chair of such a swing, you can cut out a sheet of OSB and bolt it to the frame. To make a stationary swing with your own hands, it is enough to drive iron rods into the ground, onto which the main skeleton of the structure will be mounted.


The sleds made from PVC pipes look very original, and the seat for them will be the same OSB sheet or chipboard. Due to the short length of the connected sections, such sleds will be very durable. You can bend polypropylene sections on the front of the sled using boiling water - you need to lower a piece of pipe into boiling water, keep it in it for 20-30 minutes, and then, until it cools down, put the pipe on an iron rod and quickly bend it as needed . Leave for several hours until it cools, and the bent element of the sled is ready.


Playhouse made of pipes plastic water pipe You can complicate it to a castle - make a drawing, and your kids will have a transforming house from which they can assemble anything - from a swing to a crib. The roof and walls of the house are made of thick fabric or opaque polyethylene. And to make children feel like they are in a house like in the real one, provide lighting there and make furniture - two or three chairs, a table, a cabinet. Children will find it interesting!

Making a shower is quite simple - assemble a quadrangular frame on the corners, and you don’t even need to mount a sprayer - just drill many small holes on the long sides of the upper pipes, through which water will create many jets. And the pipes of the made frame will serve as a water supply route - connect water from your home or an outdoor storage tank with a pump to create pressure. And if you make this building higher, then you yourself can refresh yourself in it.

Furniture made from PVC pipes

Despite the fact that furniture made from propylene or PVC pipes seems fragile and unreliable, you should still try to make a couple of pieces of furniture to be convinced of the opposite. In addition to the originality of appearance, such a light garden or country furniture for a gazebo or pavilion will save your family budget well.

It’s impossible to imagine a gazebo without chairs or a bench, so start by designing a chair. The chair can be made in any way - folding, low, with or without a backrest, in the form of an armchair or ottoman, high chair for feeding the baby, chaise lounge, etc. And do not limit yourself to using pipes alone - use in the design everything that seems suitable to you. So, for the seat of a chair, you can fix foam rubber on plywood and cover it with polyethylene, or instead of plywood you can use pieces of rubber in the form of intersecting ribbons (this is how almost any chair is designed), and the chair will become soft and comfortable.


Here, in the gazebo or on the veranda, you can put a bed for children - one or two bunks. You will understand the principle of assembling furniture immediately after you sit on the first chair you assemble with your own hands - the same techniques are used when assembling any pipe structure. The benefit of such parts and interior items also lies in the fact that they can be disassembled at any time in order to assemble something else that is relevant at the moment.


For example, no one will call a glass coffee table homemade if it is assembled carefully and according to the drawings - all the details for it look elegantly processed, and masking the connecting seams and holes will make such a table indistinguishable from a factory one. And don’t forget about the main thing - any of your products will always be made in a single copy, that is, it will only be your design work.


Even in a house built according to original project and furnished with chic furniture, you can install lightweight furniture made from pipes, and it will not spoil the interior. For example, a shelving unit in the hallway or a hanger in the hallway will look very unusual.

Useful crafts for home and garden

If you did not buy a country or country house, and if you built it yourself, then at the end of the work you will definitely have a lot of unused building materials, which can be used together with scraps of metal-plastic, PVC or propylene pipes. And, if for decoration or to improve functionality interior design Crafts made from pipes will not always be out of place, but they will definitely find a use on a personal plot, especially since their appearance will be original, neat and beautiful.

After any repair or construction work There will always be some excess materials, fasteners, etc. building elements However, you shouldn’t throw them away at all. In this material we will tell you what can be made from a plastic pipe left after installing a sewer or water supply system, if you apply imagination and a little work, as well as some useful ideas.

In what areas are PVC pipe trimmings used?

For those who were involved in laying and installing water pipes from PVC pipes on their own, it became quite obvious that the process of fastening such sections together is quite simple. Moreover, you can create practical and useful crafts from PVC pipes, which in functionality will not differ from traditional ones, but their design will be modern and original.

Even if you do not have special woodworking equipment at your disposal, but you have a fairly broad imagination, armed with a tool for cutting plastic, glue and fastening links, you can create very useful device. And if the resulting frame is refined with some other materials, then you can get, for example, beautiful and comfortable furniture.

In particular, to make a light chair, you need to cover the frame with fabric, and if you need to hang a shelf, you will need brackets. Be that as it may, crafts made from propylene pipes will cost you much less than factory-made products.

Any homemade products PVC pipes fall into one of the following categories:

  • solid - they are securely fastened with bolts and adhesive composition;
  • folding ones are a kind of construct that, if necessary, can be disassembled and assembled independently.

Collapsible homemade devices PVC pipes are often classified as seasonal items. In principle, these can be any products - from folding chairs, gardening tools and decor, to gazebos, canopies, which can be used in summer time country house or countryside holiday and disassemble for winter storage.


If you use ready-made ideas, you can get quite presentable homemade products from polypropylene pipes with your own hands. They are not only practical and beautiful, but also durable and do not pose a threat to human health or the environment.

It should also be noted that, due to the availability of plastic pipes, if breakages or defects are detected in the product, the damaged fragment can always be replaced with a new one of the same diameter. In any case, such repairs will be cheaper than buying new furniture.

Making country crafts from plastic pipes has many positive aspects:

  • plastic does not need regular painting, although it is quite possible to decorate it with color;
  • disassembled homemade designs very compact - for example, a carport or a children's room sleeping area will be neatly placed on the balcony or in the closet until spring;
  • when heated, the polypropylene profile does not emit toxic substances, so it can be successfully used in the countryside in the summer;
  • products made from this material have enough high level strength;
  • thanks to the variety of sizes of plastic pipes, a wide variety of crafts can be made, and fastening elements - couplings, fittings - can always be found on sale;
  • crafts from sewer pipes Doing it yourself is not only room for imagination and craftsmanship, but also an opportunity to create unique items as gifts for family and friends.

Of course, many children and adults will like original children's furniture, for example small chairs or even full-fledged armchairs. At the dacha, such products will organically fit into the surroundings, because they are beautiful, light, and easy to handle. A do-it-yourself hanger made from PVC pipes, or a shelf for dishes, indoor flowers or books, will only complement the resulting interior.

The characteristics of polypropylene pipes allow them to be used not only for water supply or sewerage installations, but also for the manufacture of seemingly unexpected items. So, by combining several pieces of profile, an electric cartridge and a cord, you can make a beautiful lamp.


From white PVC pipes you can make the following types of lamps:

  • floor lamps;
  • desk lamp;
  • chandeliers with lampshades.

However, before starting work, we advise you to take care in advance that you have all necessary materials and tools. If you have pieces of pipe left over after repairs or friends gave them to you, then couplings and fittings of a suitable diameter will most likely need to be purchased. In addition, you will need a tape measure, a felt-tip pen, a drill, glue and screws. You also need to think about how you will bend the pipes. You may need other auxiliary materials for a number of crafts.

Examples of crafts made from PVC pipes for the home

From the waste polypropylene pipes left after construction in a city apartment, you can make many useful things.

Shoe shelves made of plastic profile

In the hallway of an apartment or house there is always the problem of compact shoe storage. Such a shelf can be made from plastic, determining its dimensions according to the parameters of the hallway.

The shoe rack can be made of 2 types:

  • with short bars from which the heel sags;
  • to the full width of the shoe.


Connecting elements can be done using:

  • couplings mounted on glue;
  • bolts;
  • self-tapping screws

To get wide shelves, you can use:

  • scraps of laminated panels;
  • plastic;
  • pieces of plywood, optionally decorated with color.

Standing coat rack

A hanger made by yourself from plastic pipes must be strong and stable. For these purposes, it is better to use medium-diameter pipes. Additional rigidity can be given to the central axis by inserting a wooden tool holder or metal rod into it. It will not allow the hanger to sag under the weight of clothes.


The base, which provides stability, can be made in the form of a cross or wide struts in the form of a triangle. But buy ready-made hooks, quite long. You need to screw them in with bolts, placing them in pairs on both sides of the pipe.

For wall hanger you will have to make a slightly different design, however, if the family is large enough, then both options will be very useful at the same time.

Flower stands and flowerpots

The stand in the form of a shelf made of PVC pipes can be made free-standing or wall-mounted. You will need pieces of glass or thin sheets of plywood. However, it is undesirable for water from the pot to get on such a stand - stains and streaks will remain.

Tabletop vase and organizer for small items

From short pieces of pipe you can make convenient cups for small items on your desk. And if you want to make a wall-mounted flower vase, you can use halves of wide sewer pipes.


By adding decor in your favorite color, as well as gold or silver plating, you can get a truly unique product. When inserting plastic bottom vases, the seam needs to be sealed with silicone for tightness.

Animal crafts

From pipes you can make not only an aviary for your favorite parrots, but also mazes for cats, a dog bed, and many other frame-type products for pets. A net is placed around the enclosure, having previously provided a door.

A suitable location for an aviary may be:

  • hallway;
  • space under the stairs;
  • secluded niche;
  • dead end corridor.

So that a domestic cat can exercise and stay in good shape, you can build a special labyrinth for it by covering pieces of pipe with a rope attached to glue. And you can build a comfortable bed for your dog by simply upholstering a plastic frame on short stands with a piece of thick fabric.

Children's furniture

For the table and chair, in addition to pipes, you will need soft upholstery with foam rubber for seating and a piece of laminate for the tabletop. You need to take care to securely fix the legs, and also calculate the height of the chair that is comfortable for the child.

You can make a crib or even a playpen out of plastic pipes. They are completely safe for children and quite acceptable for creating children's furniture (read: ""). For convenience, you can use standard sizes of factory products.


Please note that although PVC is safe, all handrails need to be disinfected as children love to lick everything.

The variety of shapes and diameters of PVC pipes allows you to create truly original decor in your apartment.

In particular, they also make such crafts from sewer pipes as:

  • laundry dryer;
  • frame for a basket for dirty laundry or a drawer for household waste;
  • baskets and niches for tools and small components;
  • shelves for books, small computer equipment or mirrors;
  • cases for sharp objects, For example kitchen knives;
  • gift crafts;
  • screens and screens to delimit areas of the room.

What can be made from PVC pipes for the dacha

Greenhouses and greenhouses

Making a greenhouse out of lightweight plastic and covering it with film is an idea that many gardeners will like, because this is a very necessary structure in the country.


In addition, you will need:

  • rolled transparent slate;
  • durable polyethylene film;
  • polymeric materials permeable to sunlight.

The entrance at the end of the greenhouse can be equipped light door or a silicone curtain made of strips. Such a structure is temporary - it is installed in the spring, and for the winter it is collected and hidden in a shed (read also: " "). This is convenient because, if desired, you can move the greenhouse to any other place near the path. In addition, there is no need to pour a capital foundation, because the structure is very light.

Vineyard arches and gazebos

From the remains of plastic pipes you can build a convenient frame for climbing plants, for example, grapes or climbing roses. It looks beautiful and the plant feels good.

Alternatively, you can make from the same white PVC pipes summer gazebo for gatherings with tea. If you plant around it climbing plants, they will gradually fill the entire space of the lattice, creating cozy shade and coolness. Since plastic bends easily, it can be used to build a structure of any shape, just like metal or wood. And the gazebo will organically complement the garden exterior.

Stands and shelves for seedlings and flowers

To save space in a house where a lot of seedlings are grown, they can be placed in several tiers on a shelf made of polypropylene pipes. You just need to provide additional lighting by fixing it directly on the rack. Over time, the position of the spotlights will need to be changed so that the shoots are strong and even.


In the summer, flowering annuals can be placed on such a rack in the garden, which will add bright accent general decor.

Devices for vertical growing of plants

You can make a structure for vertical planting of strawberries from large-diameter pipes, drilling holes at equal distances for symmetry. Other structures are also relevant in the country, for example, hedges or all kinds of hydroponic structures, which will significantly save space if the area is small, and will also eliminate the need for frequent grueling weeding of berries.


Frames for hydroponic growing of plants in winter time can be placed in an apartment, organizing an analogue of a winter garden.

Car awnings

At the dacha, the problem often arises of where to park the car so that it does not overheat in the sun or get wet in the rain. This design can be made from PVC pipes. It is light, aesthetic and quite reliable. You only need to stretch a camouflage mesh or flexible slate over the frame.

Country furniture

For your dacha, you can make not only a sofa swing from PVC pipes with your own hands, but also a lot of other garden furniture on which you can relax after working day in the garden. For example, very original solution there will be a plastic cart for delivering food to the barbecue or grill. Preferably all garden furniture produce in one color scheme so as not to be too diverse.


To combine the design, it is better to choose some general material For:

  • upholstery of chairs and armchairs;
  • countertops;
  • awning covers.

Shower cabin

In the summer, it is quite possible to build a shower stall on the site. Its basis will be the same PVC pipe, which can be disassembled for the winter and folded into secluded place. You need to attach a container to the top of the cabin to heat water from the sun, and stretch opaque material in the gaps between the frame grille. You can make an improvised heated towel rail inside the cabin.

Children's house

But children will really like the canopy equipped for them, where they can hide and play Interesting games. Such an awning can be made permanent or portable so that parents can keep an eye on their children.

In addition, such structures made of plastic pipes as:

  • bicycle parking;
  • storage space for tools;
  • fence for the site that does not require frequent repairs;
  • dog enclosure;
  • portable summer poultry house;
  • design for a swimming pool made of thick film with a sun lounger.


Thus, handmade crafts for your home and garden will delight you not only with their appearance, originality and economy, but also ease of assembly and availability of materials. In addition, you will be able to unleash your creative potential and, at the same time, do something useful.

At the moment, many people have PVC pipes in their households. If you have already become tired of them, then under no circumstances should you even think about throwing them away and replacing them with others. They have a whole host of advantages.

First of all, one cannot fail to note the pleasant White color. It is perfect for creating interesting products. In addition, you can use the most common glue to hold the elements together. If you don’t glue everything, then it’s even worse. You will receive a kind of LEGO constructor. consider interesting ideas, which you might like. You can think for yourself what you will do, just show your imagination.

Just look at the high chair pictured below. Surely you will want to build it. The temptation is very great.

You can easily make a folding chair from one pipe. It is ideal for a picnic.

Do you want everything to look organic? Then simply create a set of several chairs and a table from the same pipes.


It will be great for two children too bunk bed. But you need to choose pipes optimal diameter so that the load is distributed.

If you have a dog at home, then you can create a bed for it too. You just need to take into account the weight and size of the dog.

From 1/3 or 1/2 pipes you can make very good stand for your laptop.

Want to get a good laundry basket? Then just make it out of pipes. You just need to make calculations according to your needs. Just look how stylish it looks.

You can do bigger things. In particular, hanging swing, where you can have a great time at the dacha.


Are there only leftovers from PVC pipes? Then you can simply add a bottom to them and store pens, pencils and much more. It all looks very creative.