Aerated concrete panels in an apartment building. Critical moments in the construction of houses made of aerated blocks. Our analogue of a house made of aerated concrete. Useful videos. Composition and technology

You can vary its size, shape, load-bearing capacity - produce blocks, beams, floor slabs.

Blocks

Today on the world market building materials There are two types of aerated concrete blocks:
– small-piece, up to 625 mm in length and 250 mm in height
– large-format, up to 1200 mm in length and 600 mm in height.
At the same time, the bearing capacity of the blocks is from B 2.5 to B 3.5, density is from 300 to 700 kg/m 3.

With the help of large-format blocks, it is faster to build walls, and the amount of glue is also reduced, since fewer seams are required. Large-format blocks have one “minus” - their laying is carried out only with the help of a crane.

Due to the fact that aerated concrete is an autoclaved cellular concrete, cutting the required block size is not difficult for the manufacturer. The lack of prevalence of large-format blocks in domestic construction practice is due only to the fact that few customers can afford to pay for the work of a crane during the entire period of wall construction.

When constructing walls, building blocks are placed in one row (one after another). Therefore, masonry reinforcement is carried out only along the wall. There is no need for transverse-longitudinal reinforcement, that is, a masonry mesh. Due to the cellular structure of the material and the long length of the blocks (625–1200 mm), reinforcement with a diameter of 8–10 mm is used (for comparison, a brick of 120–250 mm is reinforced with a mesh with a diameter of 4–5 mm).

Wall panels

The use of aerated concrete wall panels is another attempt to build walls as quickly as possible. Aerated concrete, like all concretes, has good compression resistance and poor tensile strength. That's why Wall panels narrow, no more than 600 mm in length, but their height corresponds to the height of the floor - 2700–3000 mm.

But construction cannot do without ordinary blocks, even when constructing walls from panels. Where you need it complex shapes(bay windows, pediments), it is more convenient to use small-format blocks because they are easier to saw and lay.

Beams

The homogeneous structure of aerated concrete (cellular) makes it possible to strengthen its “weak” places. As you know, the weak point of any concrete when working as a beam is the so-called tensile (lower) zone. Therefore, to pass through openings, aerated concrete beams are reinforced with welded mesh reinforcement during the manufacturing process.

The possibility of reinforcing aerated concrete allows its use in beam structures (above-frame, interfloor and attic floors), thereby bringing the entire building structure as close as possible to homogeneity.

Homogeneity of materials (when all elements have the same physical, mechanical and thermal technical characteristics) during the construction of enclosing structures is one of the components of their reliability.

Coverings and floors

Three types of materials are used as interfloor and attic floors: heavy concrete, solid wood and aerated concrete.

In earthquake-prone areas, heavy concrete floors are supported only by columns and crossbars made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The use of such heavy floors in combination with aerated concrete walls can lead to “crushing” of the latter. The organization of solid wood floors has limitations: the maximum span length should not exceed 4 meters.

It is very constructive to use aerated concrete as interfloor and attic floors, since it can easily be reinforced. One slab of reinforced aerated concrete can cover up to 6 meters. You just need to keep in mind that to achieve the required bending performance ( interfloor ceilings have a higher rate, attic floors have a smaller value) the slabs are made quite narrow and thicker compared to reinforced concrete hollow-core floor slabs. In addition, aerated concrete slabs cannot be used to cover ventilated underground floors due to the material’s high hygroscopicity (ability to absorb water). In these cases, reinforced concrete floors are made.

Aerated concrete has several undeniable advantages: it is faster and easier to lay than ordinary efficient brick, and it is warmer. But currently onlyrow blocks length625 mm, other structural materials from aerated concrete have not yet been presented. This is largely due to the fact that the diversity described in the article structural elements made of aerated concrete requires mechanized installation, which increases construction costs.

Aerated concrete seems to be a fragile material only at first glance. In fact, its work in house structures is not much different from ordinary concrete - any type of concrete without reinforcement is fragile. The only point that needs to be taken into account is that cellular concrete, which includes aerated concrete, is reinforced to a lesser extent; therefore, reinforced concrete is still stronger. On the other hand, in each specific case you need to look at whether it is necessary to use “labor-intensive” reinforced concrete or whether the safety margin of aerated concrete is sufficient.

Houses made of aerated concrete

"Construction Rules", No. 37/ 1 , January 2014

The copyright holder of all materials on the site is Construction Rules LLC.Full or partial reprinting of materials in any sources is prohibited.

Aerated concrete is an artificial stone that has recently been used in the construction world. It has great thermal conductivity and strength, is lightweight and easy to install, and has found its application in the construction of partition and wall blocks. Due to the precise parameters of aerated concrete floors, an even and smooth coating is ensured, which does not require subsequent finishing. Aerated concrete walls are prefabricated prefabricated slabs. Great demand for such products has arisen due to their environmentally friendly components that do not affect human health.

Where are they used?

Aerated concrete slabs are used in the installation of floors between floors of buildings, and are also used for the construction of walls. Aerated concrete structures are used in the construction of houses whose height does not exceed three floors. For floors, aerated concrete blocks with technical characteristics suitable for the weight of the vaults are used.

Advantages

Aerated concrete blocks have no errors in size. Thanks to this, the surface is smooth, which significantly reduces the cost of finishing buildings. But there is one condition - the walls must also be free of reliefs, cracks and potholes. To get rid of defects, putty and sanding are used.
When installing an aerated concrete slab, you do not have to spend a lot of time or make a lot of effort.
The advantages of this material include the lightness of the blocks, which during operation do not put a load on the load-bearing walls of buildings.
When installing aerated concrete elements, a small amount of auxiliary equipment is used.
When using aerated concrete in the construction of houses with a small number of floors, the following characteristics of the material are taken into account: strength, fire resistance, sound insulation, thermal insulation and moisture resistance. The material is odorless, with environmentally friendly components.
The advantage when working with aerated concrete floors is their convenience when installing balcony bases.

Flaws

Main types

Building blocks made of foam concrete are autoclaved and non-autoclaved. The second type is the best in price and quality characteristics. When using autoclave plates, you need to be prepared that after installation, during operation, they “grow old.” In the production of autoclave plates cellular aerated concrete Lime is used, which hardens materials as a result of pressure and temperature. In the preparation, cement is used as a binding element, as a result of which the particles harden naturally.

Floor slabs for aerated concrete come in the following types:

monolithic;
aerated concrete;
wooden beams;
reinforced concrete slabs;
metal beams.

When using aerated concrete slabs, it is necessary to install a reinforced ring belt.

A reinforced or aerated concrete floor is monolithic structure, consisting of grooves into which the plates are inserted. When working with aerated concrete slabs, they are laid on a reinforcing layer. In this case, the reinforcing structure is treated with anti-corrosion coatings.

The sizes of the slabs are different, but the main condition is that they must protrude 20 cm beyond the span. Prefabricated ones are also used, the production of which takes place in factories; They are more economical than monolithic ones. Aerated concrete structures are distinguished by their light weight, which cannot be said about reinforced concrete ones.

Monolithic floors about 3 centimeters thick include reinforcing mesh, filled with concrete. Such aerated concrete house designs have different shape, which is different from slab ones. Single floors can withstand heavy loads, which is a plus; disadvantages include their high cost and labor intensity.

There are also prefabricated monolithic structures, including prefabricated aerated concrete floors, the top of which is strengthened.

Install a couple of centimeters below the ceilings to avoid pressure and cracks. Aerated concrete floor slabs can act as door and window lintels. When the wall thickness is more than 5 cm, prefabricated lintels are used, the length of which should be 1 centimeter greater than the opening.

Homes have been known on the market for quite some time now from lightweight concrete: aerated concrete and foam concrete.

If you have firmly decided to build from aerated blocks, just build, have a good construction. But if you are in doubt, evaluate our offer..

Reasons for the objectivity of doubts about a house made of aerated concrete:

high foundation requirements, the need for soil research (geology and geodesy);
cracks on the walls as a result any mistakes (it’s better to say this: any mistakes ultimately lead to cracks on the walls) - a sharp decrease in safety and the inability to sell a cracked house - the mistake of building a house from aerated concrete without a professional Technical supervision from the Customer's side(that is, it is paid for by the Customer and is subordinate to the Customer!);
low Fire safety houses made of aerated concrete - after exposure to even a small fire, aerated concrete is already destroyed at 600 degrees and the walls must be dismantled.
in reality, a turnkey house is built from aerated concrete no less 1.5 years from the start of construction;
high costs for interior decoration - plastering and puttying of walls;
be sure to buy high-quality aerated concrete with high geometry ( watch below a video from Germany about how hard and through testing the quality of aerated blocks is achieved);
mandatory fulfillment of all requirements of aerated concrete manufacturers(the requirements are listed at the bottom of this page) - this is why control by Technical Supervision on the part of the Customer is needed;
strict requirements for delivery and warehousing blocks, the need to use trucks with air suspension (didn’t you know?), the need to operate lifting equipment on a construction site;
high heating costs houses made of aerated concrete in the absence of main gas ( at the bottom of the page is a video "How they build in Finland", pay attention to the last phrases in the video - in recent years in Finland they have not built houses using any stone (heavy) technologies. At the same time, Finland has the most stringent requirements for heating engineering and the climatic conditions closest to Russia).

The importance of choosing the right aerated concrete in a short video from the German Yutong plant:

What to do if:

there is no time to build an individual house for a long time, or there is no opportunity to control the construction yourself or through independent technical supervision;
the budget for a proper aerated concrete house is too large;
there is no main gas for heating, or they charge an indecent amount for gas - heating aerated concrete houses with electricity is expensive;
no way to travel construction site on heavy equipment;
soils are water-saturated or have weak bearing capacity;
The construction area has seismic activity.

Construction fully finished house on reinforced concrete slab Full construction in 3-4 months.
The difference in cost with a house made of aerated concrete (if it is built according to standards) with an area of 180-200 m2 - SAVINGS more than one million rubles.
Our modern, capital and solid The house can be heated with electricity without high costs.
We make it smart ventilation system And smart system control over home parameters.
Author's design project of the facade. And we can bring it to life.
Maybe construction of basements and ground floors.

In addition to the price, a significant advantage of houses made of stone panels is their complete Aadaptation to cold climate conditions and lack of main gas for heating .

It will be much easier to warm up a house made of Neo stone SML panels with electricity than a house made of aerated concrete due to the high thermal inertia of the aerated concrete box. Tested by experience.

The photo shows our houses made of Neo stone SML panels.

Let's return to aerated concrete. Why is technical supervision needed when building a house made of aerated concrete? The reason is strict implementation mandatory requirements to the construction of houses from aerated concrete (using the example of the company Ytong).

MANDATORY requirements for transportation, unloading and storage of aerated concrete:

transportation of blocks only on vehicles with air suspension (dramatically reduces transport disruption);
tightening each row during transportation with a transport tie (to prevent the edges of the blocks from falling off);
correct unloading using S-shaped hangers or traverses (other unloading is prohibited to prevent blocks from breaking when the pallet is displaced during its lifting);
storage aerated concrete blocks only on a prepared, level area (since it does not bend and breaks);

Compliance with the requirements for transportation, unloading and storage allows you to demand compensation for excess production and transport waste in pallets from the manufacturer (if the breakdown of aerated concrete blocks as a result of delivery was more than 5%).

MANDATORY requirements for construction and installation work:

load-bearing wall thickness not less than 250 mm for two floors and 375 mm for three floors;
the thickness of the interior partition is at least 150 mm (to meet sound insulation standards);
construction only on specialized adhesives(usage masonry mortar unacceptable due to a sharp decrease in the thermal performance of the wall and due to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the wall by 4-7 times);
applying glue not only to horizontal seams, but also to vertical ones (this requirement is absent in Europe, but in Russia this makes it possible to reduce the ventilation of aerated concrete walls, since the accuracy of cutting blocks of 1-2 mm does not completely eliminate the appearance of through cracks); Use only winter adhesives in winter, and only summer adhesives in summer;
mandatory creation of a closed reinforced concrete reinforced belt after each floor to connect all the walls into a single structure;
mandatory reinforcement of walls under all window openings ;
mandatory use of concrete lintels (not metal corners) over any openings in the walls;
maintaining the maximum permitted speed construction and curing of concrete until it reaches strength ( the correct period for the construction of the box is at least 5 months);
using only approved types of foundations that completely exclude movement and settlement (factory recommendation: do not plaster the facade for at least 1 year to assess the formation of cracks on the walls);
lining a house with bricks only through a ventilated air gap 50 mm;
do not use when insulating the facade of a house using extruded polystyrene foam due to its low vapor permeability;
correct execution drying at home inside for finishing (manufacturer's recommendation 6-9 months), since the block has a humidity of 30% and it must first decrease (wet aerated concrete has a low load-bearing capacity and must be loaded carefully), then the humidity must be equalized throughout the entire mass of the block (otherwise there will be shrinkage cracks) and then you need to bring the humidity to 16% and only then begin finishing (otherwise cracking of the decorative finish is possible);
selection of façade finishes according to vapor permeability coefficient: not less than 0.24 for aerated concrete density 400 kg/m3 and 0.21 for density 500 kg/m3.

Fulfilling all these requirements for construction and installation work allows you to build a gas-block house that will not be susceptible to cracking.

Mandatory requirements lead to an objective situation:

You will move into a house made of aerated concrete no earlier than in 1.5 - 2.0 years;
independent technical supervision paid by the Customer or daily control at the construction site is required;
In order for a house made of aerated concrete blocks to be warm, it is necessary to meet the requirements for the thickness of aerated concrete walls, eliminate vertical and horizontal gaps between the blocks, eliminate the formation of cracks in the blocks themselves, and do the correct façade finishing. Against the backdrop of increasingly stringent requirements for heating engineering in Russia (according to the order of the Ministry of Construction, in 2018 the standards were increased by 20%, the next increase is 40% in 2023, and 50% in 2028. Moreover, even the requirements for heating engineering in 2017 (before the tightening of standards ) demanded a thickness of aerated concrete walls of 400 mm for the Moscow region. What will happen by 2028? The thickness of the aerated concrete wall will have to become a meter thick. It is because of this that in Finland they stopped building houses using any heavy technologies - see the video at the end of the page.
EVENTUALLY the right house Aerated concrete always ends up being expensive. It simply cannot be cheap based on the results of meeting all the standards.

Video about houses in Finland. Pay attention to the words at the end that in Finland, in recent years, heavy houses have not been built.

Worthy and profitable.
More than 570 constructed facilities in Russia

Aerated concrete is the stumbling block of a considerable number of construction-related disputes. Despite the battles, many professional builders believe that it is a good, although not ideal, building material. Just like everyone else. To decide to build a house from aerated concrete blocks, you need to remember that the material has many useful qualities and has already become quite widespread.

Selection of wall aerated concrete (gas silicate) blocks Source stroyres.net

A little history

For centuries, people have used natural building stone - tuff - to build houses. It was valued for its lightness, ease of processing and ability to retain heat well. Since the 19th century, scientists have tried to reproduce these qualities by experimenting with concrete mixtures. The consistent work of several researchers is considered important milestones on the path to creating modern aerated concrete:

Engineer Hoffmann(Czech Republic). In 1889, he conducted a series of experiments with cement mortar, adding acids and salts to it. During the solidification process, the released gases formed a characteristic porous structure.

Americans Owlsworth and Dyer. In 1914, they were the first to use aluminum and zinc salts. The reaction proceeded with the release of hydrogen, which formed a homogeneous porous structure. The method laid the foundation for future technology.

Architect Erickson. In 1922, the Swede patented a method for producing cellular concrete using aluminum powder, becoming the godfather of modern autoclaved aerated concrete. The first aerated concrete for the construction of industrial and residential buildings began to be produced in 1929.

Modern house project made from gas silicate blocks Source buildhouse.info

In the USSR, industrial output cellular concrete was also established in the 30s. The first autoclaved block aerated concrete was produced in Riga in 1937; buildings made from these blocks still stand in the city. In the post-war 50s, aerated concrete helped restore destroyed infrastructure, both in the USSR and in Europe. IN modern Russia The needs for the material are met by more than 80 modern manufacturing plants.

Composition and technology

Aerated concrete is a representative of the category of cellular concrete, building materials that differ in properties and operating characteristics. The unifying characteristics are the porous structure, low weight and low density. The following components are used in the production of aerated concrete:

Astringent. Portland cement.

Filler. Quartz sand.

Gas generator. Aluminum powder or paste.

Industrial purified water.

Enhancement Additives. Lime, gypsum, industrial waste(slag, ash).

Autoclave curing blocks Source ar.decorexpro.com

The production of aerated concrete begins with mixing the ingredients and pouring the mixture into molds. The chemical reaction produces hydrogen. The gas increases the volume of the mixture (swells it) and forms pores. After the reaction is completed, the mixture sets, it is removed from the molds and cut according to the standard. Further processing occurs in two ways. Depending on which drying method is used, one of two types of aerated concrete is obtained:

Autoclaved(synthetic) hardening. The blocks gain hardness (steamed) in autoclaves (devices that create high pressure in a water vapor saturated environment).

Non-autoclaved(hydration, air) hardening. Blocks harden at atmospheric pressure in drying chambers.

Classification

According to the standard, cellular concrete (including aerated concrete) functional purpose are divided into three types:

Structural. Density ranges from 1000–1200 kg/m³.

Structural and thermal insulation. From 500 to 900 kg/m³. Brand D500 indicates that in 1 m³ part of the volume is filled with 500 kg of solid material, the remaining volume is air filling the voids (cells).

Thermal insulation. From 200 to 500 kg/m³.

Using blocks increases construction speed Source geo-comfort.ru

Specifications

Aerated concrete serves as an example optimal ratio between the main performance characteristics:

Durability. Despite the low density ( specific gravity), strength is sufficient for the use of aerated concrete in construction load-bearing walls.

Lightness. The lightness of aerated concrete is due to porosity, which can reach 85-90% of the volume of the material.

Low thermal conductivity. Good thermal efficiency is also a result of the porosity of the material. Aerated concrete boasts the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient, 0.12 W/m°C (dry).

Homemade mistakes

Having discovered on the Internet many tips for producing aerated concrete with your own hands, and having made sure that they are quite feasible, many decide to start own production. At the same time, home craftsmen do not consider it necessary to strictly comply with technological standards, but they always find people willing to purchase the product at dumping prices.

Small production - no guarantee Source beton-house.com

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses made of aerated concrete blocks from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

The use of high-quality raw materials and technological equipment in factory production allows us to obtain aerated concrete products with stable physical and chemical characteristics:

Exact dimensions and correct, with minimal defects, shape.

Given physical and mechanical parameters.

Uniform material density, which is confirmed visually (uniform distribution of air cavities).

Chemical inertness of the material, which is confirmed by laboratory control throughout the production cycle.

The conditions of handicraft production cannot provide manufacturability and control at the level of a modern workshop. Hand-made aerated concrete blocks are distinguishable to the naked eye: the cells (cavities) are distributed unevenly, and the geometry leaves much to be desired. Sometimes such products smell noticeably of chemicals (often lime). Using home-made blocks will most likely reduce the cost of construction, but is guaranteed to become a source of serious problems:

Blocks with arbitrary density and composition have increased fragility and are highly likely to begin to crack in the first year of operation of the house.

Rough seams will cause heat loss Source bg.decorexpro.com

Blocks with non-ideal geometry it will not be possible to place it on special glue; will have to use building mixture. Seams with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm will become cold bridges, reducing the thermal efficiency of housing and promoting freezing of the walls.

Blocks with residual undecomposed lime will have a persistent chemical odor (and affect the health of people living in the house). Excess lime can start the process of corrosion of the metal in the wall.

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

A country gas silicate house has the same strong and weaknesses, as raw material. Based on the structure of aerated concrete, many advantages can be identified:

Cheapness. Due to the low consumption of cement in the production of products.

Construction speed. The blocks are significant in size and weigh 3-5 times less than a brick of the same volume. This allows you to build 1 m² of wall in 20-25 minutes, which is unattainable in the case of brickwork.

Construction costs. Savings come from rational use labor time and construction materials.

Aerated concrete can be processed manually Source kamtehnopark.ru

construction service of houses from aerated concrete blocks

Low thermal conductivity. According to this indicator, aerated concrete better than brick 2-3 times. A wall made of 37.5 cm thick blocks retains heat as well as 60 cm thick brickwork.

Ease of processing. Blocks can be cut by anyone without any problems hand tools, sawed, milled and fined. This flexibility allows you to create complex architectural projects.

Fire resistance. Aerated concrete is characterized high degree fire resistance and belongs to the flammability group NG (non-flammable). When exposed to a flame with a temperature above 100°C for two hours, an aerated concrete wall begins to lose strength and crack to a depth of 3-4 cm (enough time to leave the house and call the fire brigade). Wooden house During this time it will burn to the ground.

Vapor permeability. High. Due to the presence of interconnected voids, the material successfully regulates the humidity in the room (breathes).

Environmental friendliness. Lime and aluminum powder used in production are converted into inert materials after a gas formation reaction. solids. Therefore, the material, made according to all the technology requirements, does not emit any volatile substances into the air.

This is interesting! On various construction forums you can often find references to a certain table of coefficients of environmental friendliness of materials. There are even some numbers given - for example, for expanded clay this coefficient is 20, for brick - 10, aerated concrete - 2, and the leader and standard is wood - its value is 1. In practice, the existence of such a table is not confirmed in any official document , although if we consider materials specifically in terms of the release of any substances into the air, then there is some truth in such a division.

Durability. In the Scandinavian countries, Germany and France, there are many houses made of aerated concrete, built 40-50 years ago and still showing no signs of destruction. This durability is due to the quality of the factory-made material and installation carried out in compliance with the technology.

Post-war aerated concrete house Source bwncy.com

Frost resistance. Aerated concrete resists cyclic freezing well.

The features of aerated concrete blocks determine weak spots designs:

Flexural strength. Aerated concrete is characterized by a relatively low coefficient of ultimate deformation (0.5–2 mm/m). Foundation deformation beyond these limits leads to the appearance of cracks in the wall of the house. The means of combating will be the construction of a solid foundation with monolithic lining or mesh reinforcement, tying the floors and reinforcing the masonry. It is also not recommended to build private houses higher than 3 floors.

Fasteners. Nails, anchors and screws fit perfectly into an aerated concrete wall, but they stay there disgustingly. A characteristic disadvantage of all cellular concrete is corrected by the use of special fasteners for porous surfaces (steel, nylon, frame). You should also pay attention to the installation of windows and doors (if improper installation may become loose over time).

Adhesion(clutch with finishing materials). It is not high, so before plastering the wall must be prepared (reinforcement or a layer of primer).

External finishing of the facade with plaster Source hug-fu.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Shrinkage. Shrinkage non-autoclaved aerated concrete reaches 2 mm/m, autoclave - up to 1 mm/m.

In order for the constructed house to serve for a long time and without problems, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the material:

Hygroscopicity. A porous wall is capable of absorbing and releasing moisture (like, for example, a wooden wall). To protect the facade from excess moisture, the walls are lined, preferably with ventilation.

Heating. A house made of aerated concrete can significantly reduce heating costs, but it must be borne in mind that the higher the grade of aerated concrete, the worse it is thermal insulation properties. Energy efficiency can be improved by simple plastering.

Ventilation. Since aerated concrete is quite large building blocks, the likelihood of poor-quality installation increases, even taking into account the excellent geometry of the products. For example, if the glue is too thick, it does not completely fill the space between the blocks and through gaps form. If there is such a possibility, then after construction it is recommended to conduct a thermal imaging inspection of the house to know whether there are joints and seams that need to be sealed.

Aerated concrete cottage with cladding underneath a natural stone Source pinterest.ch

Myths about technology

Many have encountered not the most flattering reviews about aerated concrete and operational characteristics houses that had the misfortune of being built from it. Such judgments and conclusions often have little to do with reality and are caused by a misunderstanding of the characteristics of the material and technology. Most often you can hear such “expert” opinions:

Aerated concrete walls are prone to cracking. Cracks can appear not only in an aerated concrete wall, but also, for example, in brickwork. After the examination, we have to admit that in most cases the cause of the defect is not the quality of aerated concrete. Most often, the culprit is a poor-quality foundation, the design of which did not take into account the soil characteristics and location groundwater. Another reason may be reinforcement errors (both walls and foundation). The quality of aerated concrete will play an unfortunate role only if garage-made material was used.

Aerated concrete buildings require insulation. If, when developing a house project, the thickness wall structures laid taking into account the standards of SNiP 02/23/2003 (on thermal protection of buildings), additional insulation will not be required. But since aerated concrete houses definitely need façade finishing, insulation is often installed “at the same time.”

Finishing requires the installation of a ventilated facade Source bankfs.ru

Aerated blocks for the home are a very fragile material, which splits when hit by a hammer. The same brick can also be split by applying a certain force. According to SNiP, for low-rise construction (up to three floors), aerated concrete blocks of the D500 brand are recommended, which are quite durable and at the same time light and warm. The D400 brand material is more fragile and warm, the D600 brand material is, on the contrary, stronger and colder. Houses built taking into account technological features cope well with the resulting loads, even in seismically active areas.

Aerated concrete absorbs moisture like a sponge, therefore, a newly built facade requires prompt waterproofing. One of the main features of the material is its gas and vapor permeability, which, however, is not very different from the characteristics of wood. Like wood, aerated concrete is able to absorb moisture and then return it, regulating the microclimate in the rooms. Both materials have a humidity corresponding to the humidity of the surrounding air, and since concrete does not dissolve in water, aerated blocks are not in danger. External walls will not be overly humidified in cottages with year-round accommodation and properly equipped cladding (which does not impede the circulation of moisture).

Video description

About construction from gas silicate blocks in the following video:

The aerated concrete block gets wet and submerged in water, therefore not suitable for the construction of suburban housing. Strange logic, if you remember that the foam remains on the surface of the water, and the brick instantly sinks to the bottom. The degree of water absorption of an aerated concrete wall during operation is in no way related to buoyancy; these are two different characteristics.

Living in a house with aerated concrete walls is dangerous, since the material contains lime and aluminum, and the rooms sometimes smell of lime. These elements are part of the original mixture; then they enter into chemical reaction(reaction of transformation, transformation) with other components. The output is artificial stone, aerated concrete, which lacks the original elements. For industrial production Characterized by precise dosage of starting substances and high-quality drying, as a result of which only safe silicates remain in the material. The smell of lime appears in garage aerated concrete when the components are measured “by eye” and more lime is added than necessary.

Design features of a typical aerated concrete project Source stroyres.net

When developing a project for a country house made of aerated concrete parts, they rely on the characteristics of the material. To make housing comfortable and durable, the following points are taken into account:

Wall thickness. Determined by constructive necessity. Optimal thickness load-bearing walls in climatic conditions middle zone Russia fluctuates between 300-400 mm, interior partitions - 100-150 mm.

Suitable foundation. For aerated concrete walls, a reliable and stable foundation is important. Monolithic is usually recommended slab base; It is advantageous to use it on various soils.

Video description

About a typical house made of aerated blocks in the following video:

Roof. Pitched or flat, the roof needs proper installation on aerated concrete walls. Lightweight construction with metal tiles, corrugated sheets or bitumen shingles as a roof.

The need for conservation. Laying of autoclaved aerated concrete is not carried out at temperatures below -5°C. If cold weather sets in, the house is preserved; It is desirable that by this moment it already has ceilings above the first floor. The walls are covered with a waterproofing film, just like pallets with blocks (it is better if they are packed in factory-made shrink tape).

Arrangement of the roof of an aerated concrete house Source bankfs.ru

Subtleties of design

Aerated concrete is a material that offers the widest possibilities for architectural solutions; one only has to remember the famous Dancing House in Prague. To design country cottage made of aerated concrete, the following requirements apply:

Originality. Details of the architectural style can convey the taste of the owners and emphasize their individuality. Exclusive appearance often achieved by combining modern and traditional styles.

Practicality(functionality). Currently, houses are being designed from aerated concrete with a thoughtful layout and with any additions - a garage, a terrace (including on the top floor), an attic, a glazed bay window or a balcony.

Comfort. The concept of comfort can be different, and the interior of a house made of aerated concrete blocks can be decorated in any style, from traditional classic to ascetic minimalist. Often the customer’s choice is a cozy country style, picturesque Provence or an energetic loft.

A modern project with oriental notes Source pinterest.com

Projects and prices of turnkey aerated concrete houses

If you decide to build a house from aerated concrete, its price will in any case be cheaper than a similar one brick cottage. Many variables will affect the cost:

Project type. You can buy popular standard project(with ready-made documentation) or order custom development, taking into account personal preferences.

Brands of building materials. The price depends on the manufacturer (domestic or foreign) and the volume of purchase.

Complexity architectural solution . Determined by the area and number of floors of the project, as well as the type of foundation and roof.

Relief of the site. If there is a slope on the site, the project will have to be modified.

Video description

About thermal imaging inspection of a house made of aerated blocks in the following video:

By choosing to build a house from aerated concrete blocks on a turnkey basis, you will be able to appreciate all the advantages of this service, because from the moment the contract is signed, all current issues related to the construction of the house become the concern of the contractor:

Inevitable improvements and changes to the project.

Geological and geodetic studies of the site.

Selection of workers and quality control of construction.

Construction works stipulated in the contract (from the zero cycle with laying the foundation to laying engineering communications and finishing).

Video description

Today we will discuss how to build an inexpensive house from aerated concrete. How much does a turnkey aerated concrete house cost in the following video:

Of course, you will be able to receive a report at any time or personally monitor how construction is progressing and how the agreed budget is spent.

Country house made of aerated concrete blocks, individual project Source bankfs.ru

When choosing a construction company, you should focus on the time of its existence, the number and quality of completed projects, and reviews from real clients. For companies with great experience work has its own design bureau, permanent suppliers and professional work teams of various profiles. Construction companies that care about their reputation, act according to a well-established scheme, prefer to retain optimal prices and often have a system of discounts on materials.

Construction prices country houses of gas blocks in the Moscow region look like this:

Area up to 100 m²: on average 2.25 - 3.700 million rubles.

From 100 to 200 m²: 4,150 - 5,200 million rubles.

From 200 to 300 m²: 5,560 - 8,670 million rubles.

Conclusion

When planning to build a country house from aerated concrete blocks, you need to be sure that the housing will delight you with comfort for many decades. Such confidence will be given by high-quality raw materials and reliable construction company, whose specialists know and strictly follow construction technologies.

I'm new to both the forum and construction, so please don't judge too harshly. We will talk about a certain type of ceiling, which is somehow not very well lit and, apparently, not very popular. These are reinforced aerated concrete floor panels. Meanwhile this type floors have undeniable advantages before the traditional ones, namely:
1. Thermal insulating properties - aerated concrete cannot be compared with reinforced concrete.
2. Lightness. A standard panel 600x250 mm long 4.9 m weighs only 850 kg. This is important both for unloading (the manipulator can handle it easily) and for installation (for any crane this is not a load at all).
3. Speed and ease of installation - in my practice, it is possible to completely cover a 10x11 m floor in 4 hours.
4. Strength is quite sufficient, 600 kg per m2.
5. Ease of punching holes for the passage of communications - a hole with a diameter of 150 mm will require no more than 10 minutes, taking into account the removal of reinforcement.
6. Absolutely do not require any additional work for styling (I believe that it is still advisable to place them on the arm belt). After installation, reinforcing the seams and pouring will not take more than 1 day with a minimum amount of mortar.
7. The accuracy of the dimensions in width is such that if you put 15 panels close to each other, you will be surprised that the width will be exactly 15 times the width of 1 panel with an accuracy of a few cm.
8. It is easy to cover any width, since you can order not only standard widths, but also reduced ones - 500 mm and 400 mm. Which is very convenient.
9. The length of the panels also allows for a lot - I used 3 lengths - 2.4 m, 3.5 m and 4.9 m, but there are more.
10. Any screw twisting of these panels is completely eliminated by their production technology, so you get a 100% flat floor and ceiling (the difference can only be due to the poor quality of the surface on which the panels are placed).
Now a little about the shortcomings. This, of course, is not a very small price - 1 floor of a 10x11 m house will cost somewhere around 110 thousand + delivery + unloading + crane for installation. But what to do? And of course, it is impossible to lay communications in such an overlap. But this is a completely fixable problem. And it’s not even a problem at all.
So, if anyone is interested, please look at the photos from my construction:
1. This is how the panels arrive on the truck. They are knitted in 2 or 3 pieces. The manipulator can take 3 short panels or 2 medium ones or only 1 long one at once. Unloading and storing takes 4.5 hours and approximately 10 thousand money:
2. And these panels are mounted. A special welded “goat” is used, which allows the panel to be brought close to the previous one. You can install it without a goat (with the help of a jack and some kind of mother), but then the installation time will increase by at least 1.3-1.4 times. The faucet will take at least 16 thousand in 5+1 hours, so exceeding the limit will hurt your pocket:
3. This is how the panels lie on the plinth, the floor of the 1st floor is however the simplest:
4. This is already the installation of the 1st floor ceiling. This is how the panel is taken with tapes (preferably wide, so as not to damage - aerated concrete is fragile), then laid on 2 pallets so that it can be grabbed by a goat for installation:
5. Installation of the 2nd floor ceiling - clearly visible bottom part goats. The crane operator installs most of the panels of this floor blindly, which requires good coordination between the guys during installation:
6. Here you can clearly see what the ceiling looks like:
7. And this is the ceiling of the 2nd floor after filling and waterproofing the seams:
8. Just in case, I also give the result of 2 years of work - these are 2 floors of a 10x11 m house made entirely of 100% aerated concrete on monolithic slab.
9. As a fan of aerated concrete, please pay attention to the arched lintels in the previous photo (I ordered them together with the floors). The stairs to the 2nd and 3rd floors also have steps made of reinforced aerated concrete.
For reference, for those interested, the foundation cost about 350 thousand, the basement with the 1st floor (including the ceiling) was almost 500, the 2nd floor with the laying of pipes, cables and chimney - about 400. Three guys from the near eastern countries worked, I did the project myself using the Google SketchUp program, and the main advantage of this program is that even Eastern children can master it if you give them a computer and teach them how to press buttons. This allowed me to come to the site mainly only on weekends.
The roof remains, but that will happen next year (too expensive all at once). For the winter, the top will be covered with an 11x12 banner - I’ve already checked it, it hardly leaks.
And one last thing. If anyone wants to do the same, I have a ready-made “goat”, I’ll give it to you at a low price. good hands.