OSB (OSB) board: standard sizes, technical characteristics. Osb board - characteristics, types, application Osb board technical specifications

Oriented strand board has recently appeared on the construction market - it has replaced the previously popular chipboard. The material has outstanding technical data, thanks to its multilayer structure and special manufacturing technology. Information with specific numbers will help you understand the characteristics of the material and its level of safety.

Accurate knowledge of the technical characteristics of the OSB board and the level of its harmfulness will help to understand how advisable its use in construction is. The raw material used in the manufacture of strand board is large sized wood shavings. It is bonded using waterproof phenol or formaldehyde resin under pressure and high temperature.

OSB boards are made from large-sized wood chips

The predecessor of this material is chipboard. Their main difference is the arrangement of chips in the layers. OSB is characterized by a transverse direction in the inner part and a longitudinal direction on the outside. A total of three or four layers are made, alternating the direction of the particles. This allows you to achieve special strength parameters. As a result, chipboard is gradually replacing its more progressive counterpart.

The chips underlying the oriented slab have a length of 7.5 to 15 cm. The norm for the width and thickness of internal particles is 1-1.2 cm, 0.5-0.8 mm, respectively. Smaller chips are sifted out and used to produce less durable chipboard. Pine or aspen are used as raw materials. Modern equipment and Newest technologies make it possible to achieve maximum homogeneity of the slab composition in all directions. High-quality material has no cracks, voids or chips.

Depending on strength, manufacturers divide products into main classes:

OSB 1 - belongs to the low class. The area of their use is dry rooms and structures for which special load, for example, paneling or furniture.
OSB 2 is a medium strength class. Can be used both as cladding and for load-bearing structures, but in dry rooms. For example, these could be partitions inside a room.
OSB 3 – high class. Operation under good load and high humidity is possible. External cladding of the building.
OSB 4 – the board has special strength characteristics: it is designed for a humid environment and constant intense mechanical stress. Cladding of houses without additional cladding.

In addition to the alphanumeric classification, there are individual species oriented strand boards:

Laminated – additionally treated with laminate components. The characteristics of OSB boards make it possible to successfully use it for covering floors and making furniture. You can make them out of them interior partitions, use for formwork several times.
Grooved - grooves and protrusions are applied to the ends of such slabs. By driving them into each other, a tight connection without gaps is obtained.
Lacquered - used in the furniture industry.

The tongue-and-groove slabs have recesses and protrusions at the ends for a tight connection with each other

The material can be produced either with or without coating. As a facial treatment, paint, anti-moisture and anti-fire compounds, and bioprotection are used.

Production technology and scope of application of OSB boards

Understanding the manufacturing processes of oriented strand boards will help you better understand how and where they can be used and what the benefits of this material are. Production stages:

1. Selection of raw materials. At this stage, the trunks of thin non-commercial trees are sorted.
2. Cutting. Selected trees are cut into small pieces, which then serve as blanks.
3. Grinding. The blanks are placed in a special machine that chops the wood into chips. It spills onto the conveyor belt. The size of the chips can be adjusted depending on what kind of slab you need to get.
4. Drying.
5. Sorting of wood chips. Small chips are separated from large ones.
6. Gluing. A binding element – phenol or isocyanate – is added to selected chips of the required size. It gives the future building material moisture resistance and strength. Paraffin is added to the mixture, and it is all mixed in a special drum.
7. Formation of the slab. The chips are stacked in layers. The machine does this using scales and magnets.
8. Pressing. The resulting tape is subjected to a pressure of 5N/mm2 at high temperature. The elements adhere firmly to each other, resulting in a single slab. After cooling, pieces of the desired size are cut from it.

The range of applications for OSB is wide:

OSB-4, due to its strength and moisture resistance, is used for the construction frame houses and outbuildings. The material produces inexpensive temporary housing.
Arrangement – best option for an oriented slab. It holds shelves with heavy objects, racks, and heating radiators well.
The building material is used to cover walls, ceilings and floors during the interior decoration of buildings. A perfectly flat, smooth surface is convenient for plastering, painting, and wallpapering.
A large area of application is the furniture industry, packaging production. Strength, low price and low weight make slabs from oriented chips suitable for the manufacture of upholstered and cabinet furniture, shipping containers.

The material is used in combination with both wooden and metal structures.

This material is widespread in construction due to its attractive properties from the point of view of the builder.

Thanks to the large chips in the composition, OSB boards perfectly hold any fasteners

OSB is easy to process - in order to work with them, it is enough to have a standard set of carpenter's tools on hand. The slab can be sanded, cut, planed, sawed. It will not crumble or break if holes are punched or drilled in it.
Large chips provide high retention capacity. Thanks to its contents, nails can be driven into the slab at a distance of six millimeters from the edge. The plate holds any fasteners well without chipping. You can use wood glue to secure it.
The average density of the slab is 640 kg/m3. This also includes the strength of the material, which depends on elasticity:

Moisture resistance is the level of thickness swelling after the slab has been in water for 24 hours. The table shows the percentage of the total volume:

Fire safety. Since the slabs are made of wood chips, they are easily ignited and burn well. For this reason, it is recommended to use OSB in combination with non-combustible insulation or facing materials. For example, mineral wool or metal siding.

During construction, it is better to use non-flammable insulation or cladding materials

OSB is convenient to use in construction, but together with durable load-bearing structures and fire protection. The high level of elasticity of the slabs allows them to withstand earthquakes well. Compared to stone, they are superior in this regard. Disadvantages include the need to use a respirator during installation and processing to protect against small chips and emitted fumes from the resin.

Hazard level of OSB boards for human health

Sellers boldly call this material environmentally friendly. At the same time, you can find a lot of information that NDEs are terribly harmful to health. It is not difficult to understand the essence of the issue. The composition of oriented boards includes types of resins:

phenol-formaldehyde;
melamine-formaldehyde;
urea-formaldehyde.

They are obtained synthetically and give the slabs high-tech properties. OSB will be hazardous to health during further use as a building material if the rules of manufacturing technique are not followed. To avoid purchasing low-quality products, check the certificates when purchasing.

In Russia, the European standard DIN EN120 is recognized, which classifies slabs with chips according to the level of formaldehyde they contain, a substance that produces harmful fumes. The classification looks like this (calculation per 100g of dry matter): E0 - up to 6.5 mg, E1 - up to 10 mg, E2 - 10-20 mg and E3 - up to 30 mg.

When using OSB for exterior finishing There is nothing to be afraid of, because... the concentration of released vapors in the air will be insignificant. The second and third types are used for internal lining residential premises is strictly prohibited, because the level of vapors released into the room will exceed permissible norm. E2 and E3 are suitable for attics, sheds and sheds.

According to production rules, all products such as chip boards must be tested for the level of synthetic resin content. Based on its results, a corresponding certificate is issued. Pay attention to the smell of the building material: if it is pungent, like formaldehyde or plastic, the product is toxic and cannot be used indoors.

OSB is a material with good performance, in all respects suitable for construction. By comparing it with other options and weighing the pros and cons, you can easily make the right decision.

Oriented strand boards, also called OSB, OSB or OSB, are gradually replacing other products made from sawdust and wood shavings.

Thanks to Due to its manufacturability and excellent characteristics of strength and flexibility, OSB panels are successfully used in frame construction for covering walls, roofing, creating partitions.

The product itself is canvas from compressed and glued together chips, sawdust and shavings. If you look at him photo, then you can see that the canvas consists of several layers.

External layers are usually arranged longitudinally, and interior layer - perpendicular to them. Reliably glued together with impregnation, resins and waxes, the layers give special strength to the product itself.

After reading this article, you will learn: what types of OSB boards exist, what advantages they have, where they are usually used. We will conduct review the most popular today manufacturers OSB boards, thereby trying to make your choice easier.

Types of OSB boards and their purpose

Currently on the market building materials the following are offered kinds oriented strand boards:

OSB-1. Initial grade of OSB board. Has a low structure density. The disadvantage is the lack of moisture resistance. This type products used mainly for making furniture;
OSB-2. They are characterized by high strength and dense structure. But, like the first brand, can't stand it moisture;
OSB-3. Most common type of oriented strand boards. Due to its strength and resistance to moisture, it can be used for cladding frame houses. Note! The product retains its properties during short-term exposure to moisture. Therefore, when used, for example, in a bathroom, the panel surface requires additional protection. Painting and moisture-proof impregnation will help the product withstand exposure to water;
OSB-4. Heavy-duty fabric that can withstand exposure to water for a long time. Flaw - high price.

Advice! OSB-4, in comparison with the 3rd type product, has better characteristics. However, by choosing OSB-3, you save significantly in price while receiving high-quality material.

OSB boards pros and cons

Advantages of OSB boards much more than cons. Here they are main advantages:

Flexibility. The slabs can be used to cover walls that require slight bending. At the same time, the board will not crack, like plywood, for example;
Moisture resistant OSB grades are suitable for outdoor use, for example, for wall cladding or. OSB 3 and OSB 4 resist moisture quite well while maintaining their original properties;
Fastening material reliably adheres to the structure of the canvas;
Ease of handling. The OSB board is easily planed and drilled with a standard wood tool. For cutting slabs you can use and;
Available price;
OSB board is good can be finished. You can apply paints, varnishes, plaster to the surface, or sheathe the product brickwork etc.;
Long service life. With additional treatment with fire-resistant compounds, the service life of the OSB board reaches 300 years;
High strength;
Does not shrink;
Easy to install slabs on various surfaces;
Environmental friendliness of the material;
Stove if desired varnished, becoming a completed product.

Lack of OSB boards one - some manufacturers use They contain glue containing formaldehyde and other resins harmful to human health.

Important! When choosing OSB boards, pay attention to adhesive base products. It should contain only resins that are safe for human health.

Technical characteristics of OSB boards

To the main technical parameters of OSB boards include:

thickness products;
squareness/straightness;
elastic modulus;
strength to bend;
lateral tension;
formaldehyde content in mg per 100 g;
percent full swelling material in 24 hours immersion in water.

Also, the characteristics of OSB panels include their dimensions And weight. It’s worth taking a closer look at these parameters.

Dimensions and weights of oriented strand boards

Thickness products is in the range from 8 to 25 mm. Regarding this parameter, OSB boards can be divided into three groups:

Thin canvases. The main types are presented by product thickness in 8 , 9 And 10 mm;
Average by product thickness in 12 And 15 mm;
Fat canvases. This group contains slabs with a thickness 18 , 22 And 25 mm.

Depends on the thickness of the fabric weight products. For example: sheet thickness - 8 mm, weight - 16.6 kg; thickness - 9 mm, weight - 18.4 kg; thickness - 10 mm, weight - 20.6 kg, etc.

Next dimensions oriented strand boards are the most popular to date:

2440x1220 mm. A common size most often used in construction;
2500x1250 mm. European product standard;
2440x590 mm. A rare size, most often used for flooring.

Advice! When purchasing products in pallets (pallets), keep in mind that the pallet will fit 120 canvases 8 mm thick.

Where to buy OSB boards and their approximate cost

Buy OSB boards are available in construction supermarkets, building materials stores and online stores. The price of the products depends on the type of slab, its thickness and manufacturer.

On average, the sheets are thick 8 mm cost from 400 rubles per piece, thickness 9 mm have a cost from 500 rubles, panels 10 And 12 mm– from 600 rubles per sheet.

Thicker sheets 15 , 18 And 22 mm cost from 800-900 rubles a piece.

Manufacturers of OSB boards

OSB boards of such successful types are presented on the Russian market manufacturers How:

Norbord (Canada). One of the most popular companies producing OSB boards. The products are characterized by good sound insulation, resistance to deformation, compliance with European quality standards. Coniferous wood species are used in production - mainly spruce And pine;
Glunz (Germany). Manufacturer of OSB boards under the brand "AGEPAN". Characteristic properties of the product: environmental friendliness, strength, moisture resistance, lack of deformation, dimensional accuracy;
Egger (Austria). The highest quality products. Products Egger are characterized by high wear resistance, a wide range of prices and sizes of plates, and their dimensional stability.
Krono (Switzerland). Manufacturer of particle boards with a worldwide reputation. The products are characterized by high quality, durability, absolute safety (non-flammable material);
Arbeс (Canada). The company produces high-tech OSB boards with good vapor permeability, strength, sound insulation, and increased strength. Plates Arbek are light in weight and affordable;
Grant (Canada). In the production of OSB boards, mainly pine is used, less often larch. Great value price quality;
Louisiana Pacific Corporation (USA). This company owns patent on the development of the ACI® formula (increased resistance of OSB boards to moisture and aggressive environment) with side cutting point protection. Basic advantages: moisture resistance, dimensional stability, ease of operation, compliance with European standard quality.

The cost of OSB boards depends on the manufacturer, type and size. Eg:

OSB-3 06 mm-2440x1220 Norbord from 550 rub.. per sheet;
OSB 12mm x1220x2440 Grant Canada from 800 rub. per sheet;
OSB Krono 10 mm 1.25*2.5 m from 500 rub.

OSB boards can be purchased retail or wholesale (prices for boards in pallets usually below retail price).

Let's sum it up. OSB boards - high quality, modern a material that is widely used in construction and fully justifies its cost.

What types of slabs for construction, repair and cladding of walls, floors and ceilings exist? Their features, advantages and disadvantages. If we take for example, frame houses, then durability and appearance such houses directly depend on the panels used for the interior and external cladding. Moreover, the use of panels with finished finishing or a layer of thermal insulation (sandwich panel) significantly reduces the already short construction time of a prefabricated frame house.

Chipboard

Chipboard It is made by hot pressing of wood shavings with binding thermoactive resins, which make up 6-18% of the mass of the shavings. Resins are environmentally unsafe because they contain formaldehyde, which is harmful to humans. Based on the content of this substance, chipboards are divided into classes E1 and E2. Class E1 is more environmentally friendly; it is approved for use in the production of even children's furniture. Entirely lined chipboards do not pose any harm to health; only open edges have a harmful effect. New technologies make it possible to produce Super E class slabs, which in all respects sanitary standards are considered safe. In general, the material is characterized by a fairly high density, low cost and ease of processing. Chipboard is sheathed on walls, roofs, partitions, floors are made, and used as a base for linoleum and carpeting.

Advantages of chipboard:

wide range of colors, patterns, thickness;
easy to process;
homogeneity of structure.

Disadvantages of chipboard:

does not hold screws and nails well, especially during reassembly;
vulnerable to moisture;
contains carcinogens (for example, melamine).

MDF

Wood board medium density or fibreboard dry pressing. MDF from English (Medium Density Fiberboard). It is made from wood chips, ground into flour using the dry pressing method, using high temperatures e and pressure with the addition of the substance lignin, which is found in natural wood. Lignin makes this material environmentally friendly and resistant to fungi and microorganisms. MDF boards They come in thicknesses from 3 to 30 mm and are laminated with plastics, varnished or veneered. In terms of moisture resistance and mechanical characteristics of MDF superior natural wood and chipboard. MDF is also 2 times stronger and holds screws better. MDF is used for finishing premises, for example, in the form of wall panels or laminated flooring - laminate, in the production of furniture, cabinets speaker systems. MDF has a homogeneous structure, is easy to process, and very durable.

Advantages of MDF:

fire resistance;
biostability;
high strength;
holds screws better than chipboard;
moisture resistance is higher than that of chipboard;
wide choice of colors and patterns thanks to film and veneer coating.

Disadvantages of MDF:

burns with the release of toxic smoke;
Dust-like sawdust generated during processing and sawing of slabs is harmful to health.

Drywall (GKL)

It is rightfully considered one of the most popular materials for leveling walls, ceilings and floors, installing interior partitions and even decorative elements such as arches, columns, spheroids, multi-level ceiling coverings, etc. Main component plasterboard sheets serves as a gypsum filler and this determines many positive traits building materials. Thus, drywall is chemically inert, its acidity is approximately equal to the acidity of human skin, it does not contain or emit chemicals. external environment harmful to humans chemical compounds. A standard board consists of 93% gypsum dihydrate, 6% cardboard and another 1% surfactants, starch and moisture.

Thus, the fragility of the panels complicates their transportation and loading and unloading operations. For the same reason, gypsum board cannot withstand significant physical activity and is not recommended for leveling floors. Suspended plasterboard ceilings can support a weight of no more than 4 kg per square meter, while stretch ceiling capable of carrying a load of more than 100 kg on the same unit of area.

A variation or more modern modification simple sheet drywall serves painted or laminated drywall, gypsum vinyl or gypsum board- colored plasterboard, with vinyl covering. A fundamentally new material that has an initially exclusive appearance with a wide selection of decor. Used for interior wall cladding, for lining window slopes, creating partitions, showcases and exhibition racks, without additional finishing.

Laminated plasterboard, gypsum vinyl or gypsolam - colored plasterboard covered with vinyl coating

These environmentally friendly non-flammable panels are a gypsum board covered on both sides with special cardboard. They have ideal geometry and are used for constructing internal partitions and lining ceilings. Supplied in sheets 2700 (3000) x 1200 x 12 mm. Special grades of plasterboard are produced for wet (bathroom) and fire hazardous (wall near the fireplace) rooms. They are painted in “signal” colors - red and green. There is also plasterboard of increased plasticity (thickness 6 mm, width 900 mm) for covering rounded walls. Sandwich panels are made from plasterboard with a heat-insulating layer of polyurethane foam (up to 50 mm). They are already used for internal lining external walls without subsequent insulation and vapor barrier. This significantly reduces construction time.

Advantages of drywall:

does not burn, but is destroyed when heated significantly;

Disadvantages of drywall:

low strength, fragility;
greater vulnerability to moisture, even of a moisture-resistant variety;
does not tolerate well low temperature and significant temperature changes;
only suitable for interior decoration.

Plasterboard

Gypsum slabs practical, modern and environmentally friendly safe material, since it is made without the use of toxic substances from natural gypsum, which does not conduct electricity and is odorless. Gypsum board meets all requirements fire safety. Gypsum board, gypsum tongue-and-groove slab(GGP) is the main material in the construction of partitions, suspended ceilings, various decorative protrusions. Used for leveling ceilings, walls, and “sealing” communication systems. Gypsum plaster can be moisture resistant and standard. Standard used in buildings with normal humidity. Boards with hydrophobic additives are intended for damp rooms. Such slabs are easily distinguished by their characteristic green color.

Advantages of gypsum boards:

environmental and sanitary safety;
easy to process: cut, drill;
low flammable material, flammability class G1
relatively cheap.

Disadvantages of plasterboards:

low strength, fragility;
greater vulnerability to moisture, even of a moisture-resistant variety.

Gypsum fiber sheet

Gypsum fiber sheet (GVL) is a modern environmentally friendly homogeneous material with excellent technical characteristics. It is produced by semi-dry pressing of a mixture of gypsum and cellulose waste paper. According to their own physical properties gypsum fiber sheet is a fairly durable, hard material, also famous for its fire-resistant qualities.

Gypsum fiber sheet, due to its versatility, has become very widespread in construction industry. It is used for the installation of interior partitions, floor screeds, suspended ceilings, wall cladding and fire protection of structures. GVL for the floor, which is used to assemble the base of the floor covering, is popular, as well as the facing option, with which, for example, wooden surfaces are sheathed, thereby increasing their fire resistance. Depending on the application gypsum fiber sheets are divided into two types: GVLV (moisture resistant) and GVL (regular).

Advantages of gypsum fiber sheets:

GVL, compared to gypsum plasterboard, can more easily withstand sawing in any direction, since it is homogeneous in composition;
Higher strength due to cellulose fiber reinforcement;
Increased sound insulation.

Flaws gypsum fiber sheets:

Less bending strength than gypsum board;
Less suitable for interior decoration than gypsum board;
The need for pre-treatment before painting.

Cement particle boards (CSP) - perfect material for external cladding of frames and partitions in damp and flammable rooms, serves as a good leveling base for any floor coverings. It has a hard and smooth surface, can be plastered and tiled, sawn with a hacksaw, is non-flammable, resistant to moisture and temperature fluctuations. Supplied in sheets 3600 x 1200 x 10 (12, 16, 20 and 26) mm.

Plywood is one of the most common materials widely used in construction. Plywood is produced by gluing together several layers of peeled veneer with phenol-formaldehyde resins. For this purpose, as a rule, birch or coniferous veneer of small thickness is used. The choice of these species is due to their wide distribution in our forests: in Europe, New Zealand and some other countries for the production of plywood different varieties oak, maple, hornbeam and even pear are widely used. Veneer gluing is carried out under pressure at elevated temperatures. The resulting sheets are cooled, and after a short period of curing, they are collected in packages of 10 or 20 pieces.

Depending on the wood and glue used in the production of plywood, it is classified into:

plywood with increased moisture resistance (FSF)
medium moisture-resistant plywood (FC)
bakelized plywood (BF)

- is plywood lined on one or both sides with a paper-resin coating. This coating very effectively prevents the penetration of moisture, is highly resistant to abrasion and the formation of mold and mildew, and is resistant to corrosion and destruction. This type of plywood is quite popular due to lamination. Using lamination, you can apply almost any pattern or imitation: oak, poplar, maple, birch, walnut, pine and larch.

Advantages of plywood:

high tensile and bending strength;
Excellent sawing, drilling and fastening with both nails and screws;
relatively inexpensive material.

Disadvantages of plywood:

the resins used in gluing veneer contain quite greater concentration phenolic compounds;
flammability;

Oriented Strand Board

Oriented Strand Board (OSB), produced by pressing chips up to 0.7 mm thick and up to 140 mm long under high pressure and temperature using a small amount of adhesive resin. OSB boards are 3 times stronger than chipboard and MDF boards due to the arrangement of chips longitudinally in the outer layers and transversely in the inner ones. With such strength, OSB is a very flexible material and is excellent for construction and finishing works. OSB boards of various thicknesses (from 6 to 30 mm) are used to sheathe attics, ceilings, walls, and are used to make subfloors, formwork, Wall panels, fencing and collapsible structures. For laminate flooring, the thinnest slabs are usually used - 6 and 8 mm thick, for structures and formwork thicker ones - from 10 mm. OSB-3 is a more durable version of this material, used in low-rise construction in conditions of high humidity. Also, because of its original texture, OSB is a favorite material among decorators and designers for interior decoration. OSB makes enough spectacular design ceiling or elements in built-in furniture or walls.

Along with ordinary slabs OSP, there is also OSB tongue and groove- a plate with machined ends, groove - ridge, on 2 or 4 sides.

Advantages of OSB:

strength relative to other slabs used;
moisture resistance is higher than that of chipboard and gypsum board;
wide size range;
cheaper than chipboard;
holds screws well, even when screwing in again.

Disadvantages of OSB:

it is processed worse than chipboard due to the heterogeneity of the structure;
dust released when cutting OSB irritates the mucous membranes of the nose and eyes.
contains formaldehyde, especially in moisture-resistant boards.

Glass magnesium sheet

Glass magnesium sheet or glass magnesite sheet (SML) white, fiberglass reinforced, 40 percent lighter than GVL, flexible, durable, fireproof, moisture resistant. Thanks to the reinforcing fiberglass mesh, the SML can bend with a radius of curvature of up to three meters. This quality allows it to be used on uneven surfaces. High moisture-resistant qualities allow it to be used in rooms with high humidity. Any finishing materials can be glued to the front side of the slab. With a sheet thickness of 6mm, it is capable of holding fire for 2 hours and can withstand heating up to 1500 degrees. Sheet thickness: 3-20 mm.

Glass-magnesium sheet (GSM) - universal sheet finishing material based on magnesite and fiberglass. The manufacturing technology and composition of the material give it such qualities as flexibility, strength, fire resistance and moisture resistance. Its qualities allow it to be used on uneven surfaces and reduces the possibility of sheet fracture during installation and transfer. In addition, this material is environmentally friendly and does not contain harmful substances and asbestos, does not emit toxic substances even when heated. Unlike plasterboard, SML-Premium class belongs to low-combustibility materials (NG).

The scope of application of glass-magnesium sheet is extremely high. Like plasterboard, it can be used to make ceilings, walls and interior partitions. Moreover, glass-magnesite sheets can be used to decorate the external facades of cottages and houses. SML is a reliable basis for any type of finishing. New material ideal for showers, saunas, swimming pools - because the glass-magnesium sheet can withstand high humidity, temperature changes and open fire. The most suitable materials can be applied to the surface of LSU different types putties, paints, adhesives. You can stick wallpaper, aluminum-composite panels, veneer, plastic, ceramic, glass or mirror tiles.

The front (smooth) surface of the sheets is intended for painting, wallpapering, laminating and applying various types decorative textures without preliminary, final filling and priming of the entire surface of the material. The back (rough) surface of the sheets is intended for strong adhesion when gluing piece facing and decorative materials(ceramic or tiles, veneer, etc.), or the material itself on the walls and floor, gluing the sheets together. LSU can be mounted on a mounting system made of both metal and wood. And also directly onto the enclosing structure using glue.

Along with conventional glass-magnesium sheets, recently they have increasingly begun to appear laminated glass magnesium sheets with a variety of patterns and thickness of the outer coating.

Advantages of glass magnesite:

Moisture resistance - does not undergo deformation, does not swell and does not lose its properties;
Fire resistance - magnesite panels are non-flammable material;
Good sound insulation - a 12mm panel in terms of sound permeability corresponds to four layers of twelve mm plasterboard sheet, or brick wall 150mm thick;
High strength and flexibility - can bend with a radius of curvature from 25 cm to 3 meters;
Lighter than similar slabs made of wood or gypsum;
Low thermal conductivity, can be used as additional insulation;
Can be used for finishing both outside and inside.

Flaws glass magnesite :

More fragile than gypsum fiber sheet;
When filling joints, it is necessary to use putties with chemical adhesives;
Properties vary significantly depending on the manufacturer and class of LSU.

Fibrolite is a board material made by pressing special wood fiber (wood wool) and an inorganic binder (magnesium binder). The fiber is obtained from waste from the wood processing industry, as a result of processing on wood planing machines. One of the advantages of fiberboard boards is their low volumetric weight. Fiberboard is fire resistant: the shavings are impregnated with cement, and when exposed to fire, only soot is formed. Material accepts various options finishing, easily attached to any structure using nails, screws, dowels, easy to saw.

- a fire-resistant, bioresistant material that is used as thermal insulation, structural, thermal insulation and acoustic materials in building structures of buildings and structures with a relative air humidity of no higher than 75%.

Regular fiberboard boards are produced with a thickness of 3-5 mm using as a binder gray cement. These boards are used for various types of thermal insulation, when constructing roofing and plastered partitions. Acoustic slabs are usually made from fine wood wool (0.75-2 mm), which improves their appearance, are not covered with anything, and are also tinted in colors that harmonize with the interior or are made using magnesite or white cement instead of gray. A composite fiberboard panel is a two- or three-layer panel with a middle layer of thermal insulation material, such as rigid foam or mineral fiber (mineral silicate wool). The thickness of the middle layer usually ranges from 15 to 140 mm, although the outer layers of fiberboard range from 5 to 20 mm in thickness. In this case, the level of thermal insulation increases significantly.

Advantages of fiberboard boards:

Ease of installation;
Good insulation;
Mechanically strong;
Extensive decorative possibilities;
Good moisture resistance and fire resistance;
Soundproofing;
Hygiene, harmless to human health and the environment;
Do not spoil rodents and insects, does not rot.

Flaws fiberboard slabs :

Low bending strength;
Considerable weight.

Feel free to comment on the article if you have anything to add to this material. If you find errors or inconsistencies. Perhaps you know some other similar material not presented in this article?

Waste from the wood processing industry can be no less valuable in construction than solid timber. Examples include chipboard, fiberboard, laminated veneer lumber, plywood and oriented strand board, also known as OSB. The latter will be discussed in more detail in this material, especially since the scope of application of OSB boards can be wide.

About the slabs

OSB is a compressed material consisting of three layers. It is based on elongated chips coniferous species trees (usually pine or aspen), also called tree wool. The length of one chip usually varies from 60 to 90 millimeters.

Oriented strand boards got their name because they different layers the chips are oriented differently. In the upper and lower layers, the chips are placed along the length of the slab, and in the middle - at right angles to the upper and lower layers.

During the manufacturing process, these three layers are compressed under high temperature and intense pressure, then impregnated with waxes, as well as phenol and formaldehyde resins as a binder.

General properties

The scope of application of OSB boards is wide due to the outstanding properties of the material. He has high mechanical strength, which is caused by the multidirectionality of the fibers. When compared with chipboard, this strength is noticeably higher with the same degree of flexibility.

Due to the peculiarities of the technology, these slabs are highly uniform in all directions without chips, cracks or voids inside.

Also, these boards are very easy to work with, whether sawing, drilling or other operations. As a result, it is very easy to assemble even quite complex structures, such as furniture, from them.

In addition, OSB has good sound and heat insulation and antiseptic properties, which are achieved through special additives that prevent the spread of fungus and mold.

Application Feature

The properties described above are the reason that OSB is used in a wide range of repair and construction work. But most often they are used in the following situations:

Installation of floors. Due to the smooth and even surface of the slabs, as well as their high strength, they are a common flooring material. For example, they can be laid under linoleum or laminate, on concrete screed or as the main floor covering on the ground in a country house.
Construction of a house from sandwich panels. When houses are built according to this modern technology, OSB is often used as one of the main materials.
Installation interior walls. OSB2 or OSB3 can be used (see classification below) depending on the humidity of the room. Optionally, the panels are treated with paints based on water based so that steam passes through better and the desired microclimate is maintained in the room.
Installation external walls. Using OSB3, you can easily build a temporary residential building or utility room. Important condition– the panels must be primed from the outside, and the edges must be filled with sealant.

Classification

There are four main types of oriented strand boards, which are used for different purposes.

OSB1 – low density boards. They do not tolerate any exposure to moisture very well, therefore they are used mainly only in the production of furniture.
OSB2 – medium density boards. More durable than OSB1, therefore they can be used for sheathing load-bearing structures. But, despite the increased strength, this type of slab still does not tolerate moisture well, so it should not be used in damp rooms.
OSB3 is the most common type of board. Combines both high strength and great resistance to moisture. It still can’t withstand direct long-term exposure to moisture, but it can easily handle short-term exposure. Can be used in humid environment, it is possible outside, but then it is necessary to carry out additional processing using special impregnation or at least painting.
OSB4 is the most advanced version of boards. This is a super durable material that can be in difficult conditions without additional protection, and also withstand high humidity over an extended period of time. The only limitation that does not allow these slabs to be used everywhere is the high price, which is the highest of all four types considered.

Excellent properties, ease of processing and availability are the main reasons why the scope of application of OSB boards is so wide. If construction is required complex structures- and even entire houses frame technology– these slabs will be, if not the most, then definitely one of optimal options. The main thing is to choose exactly the type of material that best suits your current tasks.

Recycling waste from the wood processing industry is one of the promising economic areas that is actively developing at present. Products made from wood waste, including plywood, chipboard and fiberboard, laminated veneer lumber, etc., are used in the furniture industry and construction. In addition, OSB boards have become very popular today, specifications which make it possible to use this material in a wide variety of production areas.

Structural features, pros and cons

The abbreviation OSB or OSB (OSB) stands for Oriented Strand Board, which translated from English means a board made of oriented strands. This new generation finishing material consists of 90% wood chips. They are pressed under pressure and high temperatures and bonded together using special fillers, which are waterproof resins of synthetic origin.

The OSB board consists of several layers of chips, and in each of them it is laid in a different direction. This technology allows you to achieve high level strength and durability of products. Given that correct selection thickness, the OSB board can withstand a very significant load of several centners.

Advantages of the material:

High strength.
Light weight and elasticity. Thanks to this quality, OSB boards are suitable for cladding surfaces with a significant radius of curvature.
Structural homogeneity. When bent, oriented strand boards do not delaminate or deform, unlike another popular sheathing material - plywood.
High rates of sound and heat insulation.
Ease of processing and installation.
Chemical and mechanical resistance.
Bacteriological resistance.

Disadvantages of OSB boards:

The presence of phenol in the composition of synthetic resins used in the composition of the material. However, OSB boards used for interior decoration undergo more stringent quality control, and, therefore, their main safety indicators for humans fully comply with the standard. And recently, many manufacturers have completely eliminated the use of formaldehyde in their production.
Some types of material have little moisture resistance.

Types of OSB boards and their differences

Modern industry produces four types of oriented strand boards (OSB), having slight differences in the main physical and technical characteristics. These include:

Name	Characteristics	Scope of application
OSB 1	Low density, low strength and moisture resistance	Furniture manufacturing, interior decoration
OSB 2	Good strength with low moisture resistance	Manufacturing of internal partitions and ceilings
OSB 3	High level of strength and moisture resistance	Interior and exterior work (in the latter case, the material needs to be treated with special impregnation or painting)
OSB 4	Very high strength properties, very high moisture resistance	Construction of load-bearing elements of walls and roofs of buildings

Dimensions and thickness

When assessing the quality of oriented strand boards, various indicators are used. One of the most important is their thickness, which can range from 8 to 26 mm (in increments of 1-2 mm). It has a direct impact on the use of this material. For example, when finishing various designs where a high load on the slab is not expected, fairly thin sheets up to 16 mm thick can be used. These are the walls, the foundations for soft roof etc. As the load increases, thicker slabs are used.

The standard dimensions of OSB (OSB) boards are: 2500 x 1250 mm. In addition, you can find slabs with the following parameters on sale:

Indicators	Slabs with tongue and groove				Slabs with smooth edges
Dimensions (length x width), mm	2440 x 1220, 2500 x 1250, 2440 x 590, 2500 x 625				2440 x 1220, 2500 x 1250, 2800 x 1250
Thickness, mm	15	16	18	22	9	10	11	12	15	16	18	22
Number of sheets per package	55	50	45	35	100	80	75	70	55	50	45	35

Now many people are equipping their balcony under workplace. You can find out what you need to make it personal in our separate article.

Specifications

The use of OSB boards directly depends on their main technical characteristics, such as:

Flexural and tensile strength.
The degree of swelling in a humid environment (moisture resistance).
Appearance.
Processing ability.

The physical and technical characteristics of this material can be presented in the form of a table:

	Bending strength modulus, longitudinal axis, N/mm 2	Bending strength modulus, transverse axis, N/mm 2	Swelling degree,%
OSB 1	2500	1200	25
OSB 2	3500	1400	20
OSB 3	3500	1400	15
OSB 4	4800	1800	12

Comparative technical characteristics of OSB boards (OSB) of popular types:

Indicators	Standard	Aggloply OSB 2	Aggloply OSB 3	OSB 2				OSB 3
Thickness, mm		10-18	10-18	6-10	10-18	18-25		6-10
Thickness tolerances, mm: unpolished slab polished plate	EN 324-1	0,3 0,3	0,3 0,3	within 0.8 within 0.8				within 0.8 within 0.8
Length tolerances, mm	EN 324-1	3	3	3				3
Width tolerances, mm	EN 324-1	3	3	3				3
Straightness, mm	EN 324-1	2	2	2				2
Right angle, mm	EN 324-2	1,5	1,5	1,5				1,5
Bending strength, N/mm²: longitudinal axis transverse axis	EN 310	>35 >17	>35 >17	22 11	20 10		18 9	22 11
Transverse tension, N/mm²	EN 310	>0,75	>0,75	0,34	0,32		0,3	0,34
Formaldehyde, mg/100g	EN 120	<6,5	<6,5	<8				<8
Swelling in 24 hours when completely immersed in water, %	EN 317	12	6	20				15

Features of use

Due to its practicality and excellent physical technical parameters oriented particle boards are used in various industries, including construction, furniture manufacturing, etc. At the same time, to the question: “OSB board, what is it?” we can answer that it is an easy-to-use, universal material that can be used both as an independent coating and as an auxiliary element for preparing the bases of various types of coatings for finishing.

It is well suited for interior cladding of various premises, including balconies and loggias. In this case, the technical characteristics of the OSB 3 board best allow it to serve as a base for laying various types of floor coverings, including tiles, laminate, linoleum and parquet boards. In this case, the sheets are laid on wooden blocks, after which the working surface is finally leveled using a concrete screed (rarely used) or the finishing coating is immediately mounted on the sheets.

To ensure better strength and durability of the base under the floor covering made of OSB boards, you can use two layers of sheets, laying them offset, securing them together with adhesive and spiral and ring-type nails. When installing, be sure to leave small gaps between the plates to prevent their deformation during natural expansion during use.

The use of OSB boards on the balcony with different types of finishing has its own characteristics. For example:

When installing oriented strand boards under laminate, it is necessary to ensure the evenness of the surface at the joints of its sheets.
When laying under linoleum or carpet at the joints of the material, to ensure maximum evenness, you need to use sheets of minimal thickness, and treat the gaps with sealants.
When used as a stand-alone floor covering. Additional protection of the material from abrasion and wear is needed. To do this, after preliminary cleaning, it is coated with several layers of varnish.
Under ceramic tiles. The base of OSB boards must be completely motionless. Therefore, the sheets should be secured especially carefully, and install logs under them in smaller increments.

When constructing a subfloor from OSB slabs, the sheets are initially installed on the underside of the joists. Wherein:

The side of the slab facing the ground is treated with bitumen mastic.
Insulation is placed in the space between the joists, which must be covered with a layer of waterproofing material (for example, glassine).
Another OSB board is attached to the top.

An example of installing an OSB board on logs is shown in the video.