Assessment of performance qualities of welded joints

Date of introduction 07/01/1992

GOST 14098-91

UDC 621.791.052:006.354

Group Zh33

INTERSTATE STANDARD

WELDED CONNECTIONS OF FITTINGS AND EMBODIMENTS

REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES PRODUCTS

Types, designs and sizes

Welded joints of reinforcement and inserts for reinforced

concrete structures.

Types, constructions and dimensions

Date of introduction 07/01/92

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the USSR State Committee for Construction and Investment

DEVELOPERS

A.M. Friedman, Ph.D. tech. Sciences (topic leader): E.F. Gorokhova; E.N. Bondarets; L.A. Zborovsky; V.V. Bakonin

2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by the Resolution State Committee USSR on construction and investment dated November 28, 1991 No. 19

3. INSTEAD GOST 14098-85

4. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

5. REPUBLICATION. May 2004

This standard applies to welded connections of reinforcement bars and reinforcing wire with a diameter of 3 mm or more, welded connections of reinforcement bars with rolled products with a thickness of 4 to 30 mm, performed in the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded products reinforced concrete structures, as well as during the installation of prefabricated and monolithic reinforced concrete structures.

The standard specifies the types, design and dimensions of the specified welded joints performed by resistance and arc welding.

The standard does not apply to welded connections of embedded products that do not have anchor bars made of reinforcing steel.

1. Designations of types of welded joints and methods of their welding are given in table. 1.

Table 1

Welded connection type		Method and technological features welding
Name	Designation, number	Name	Designation	Position of rods during welding
figurative		Contact point of two rods
		The same, three rods
		Arc manual tack welding
		Contact rods of the same diameter		Horizontal
		Same, different diameters
		Contact rods of the same diameter followed by machining
		The same, with preliminary mechanical processing



		Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory form		Vertical
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in inventory form
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form
		Bath mechanized submerged arc in inventory form of paired rods		Horizontal
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in inventory form of paired rods
		Single-electrode bath in inventory form of paired rods

		Bath-suture on a steel bracket-plate
Butt
		Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire on a steel bracket-plate		Vertical
		Arc mechanized open arc with bare alloy wire (SODGP) on a steel bracket-plate
		Manual arc with multi-layer seams on a steel bracket-plate
		Manual arc with multi-layer seams without steel bracket-plate
		Arc hand stitching with rod overlays
		The same, seams with elongated rod overlays
		Manual arc seams without additional technological elements
				Horizontal


		Mechanized submerged bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements		Vertical
		Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements
		Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements
		Bath mechanized submerged arc in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods		Horizontal
		Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods
		Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods
		Arc hand stitching
Overlapping		Contact one relief on the plate		Horizontal
		The same, according to two reliefs on the plate
		Contact along two reliefs on the reinforcement
		Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal		Vertical
		Manual arc with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal
		Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal along the relief
		Contact relief resistance
Tavrovoe		Contact continuous reflow
		Arc mechanized in carbon dioxide(CO 2) into the stamped hole
		Manual arc into a stamped hole
		Arc mechanized in CO 2 into the hole
		The same, in a counterbore hole
		Manual arc with roller seams in a countersunk hole
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form		Horizontal
* Connections T4 and T5 (as amended by GOST 14098-85) are excluded.

2. Symbol welded joint has the following structure:


		Technological feature of the method
	Connection number	Cooking method: K - contact; R - manual; M - mechanized
Type of welded joint: K - cross-shaped; C - butt; N - overlap; T - tee

An example of a symbol for a butt joint made by mechanized submerged arc welding in inventory form, the position of the rods is vertical:

S8 - Mf

3. For structural elements of welded joints, the following designations are accepted:

d n - profile number ( nominal diameter rod) according to GOST 5781 (shown conditionally in the table figures);

d - internal diameter of a periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781;

d 1 - outside diameter periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781;

d" n - nominal smaller diameter of the rod in welded joints;

dO - smaller diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;

D o - larger diameter a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;

Dp - diameter of the relief on a flat element;

D - diameter of burr in butt and deposited metal in T-joints;

D" - diameter of the turned part of the rod;

R - radius of curvature of the relief;

A - the total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection;

b - weld width; total size of dents;

b¢ ,b¢¢ - the size of dents from the electrodes in the cross-shaped connection;

h- the amount of settlement in the cross-shaped connection; weld section height;

h 1 - height of reinforcement of the deposited metal;

h 2 - height of weld root reinforcement;

N - height of bracket-plate;

h sv - penetration depth (T8, T9);

l - length of the weld;

l 1 , l 2 - gaps before welding between the ends of the rods for various cuts;

l w - width of the flank seam (C24 - C32);

l n - length of brackets, overlays and overlaps of rods;

l 3 , l 4 - length of the weld (C22);

l¢ - length of the turned part of one rod (C4);

L - total length of the turned part of connections C3 and C4;

L 1 - length of insert in connections type C11 - C13;

z - blunting: in cutting the ends of rods for welding; in the flat connection element T12;

s- thickness: steel bracket-plate, flat elements of T-joints and overlap joints;

k - height of the relief and stamped profile on a flat element; weld leg in connections C24 - C32 and H1;

k 1 - gap between the rod and the flat element in connections H2 and H3;

P - width of the relief on a flat element;

T - length of relief on a flat element;

g - the height of the deposited metal or “rim” in T-joints;

With; c 1 - dimensions of deposited metal in connection T13;

a, a 1 , a 2 , b, b 1, b 2, g, g 1 - angular dimensions structural elements of welded joints.

4. Terms and explanations must comply with Appendix 1 and GOST 2601.

5. When choosing rational types welded joints and welding methods should be guided by Appendix 2.

6. For designs of welded joints not provided for by this standard, working drawings with a technological description of welding conditions and departmental normative document, taking into account the requirements of current standards and approved in in the prescribed manner.

7. It is allowed to replace the types of connections and methods of their welding specified in the drawings of standard and individual working designs of buildings and structures with equivalent ones performance qualities in accordance with Appendix 2.

8. The designs of cross-shaped connections of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those shown in Fig. 1 and in table. 2, 3.

9. The ratio of the diameters of the rods should be taken for connections of type K1 - from 0.25 to 1.00, type K2 - from 0.50 to 1.00.

10. For connections of types K1 and K2, the amount of settlement (Fig. 1) is determined by the formulas:

for two rods;

for three rods,

Where A - total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection, mm;

b - total size of dents ( b" + b" ), mm.

Relative precipitation values h/ d¢ n for connections of type K1 must correspond to those given in table. 2. Relative precipitation values h/ d n for compounds of type K2, you should take half as much as those given in the table. 2, but not less than 0.10.

11. The designs of reinforcement butt joints, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 4 - 17.

12. In connections of type C2 - Kn ratio d¢ n / d n is allowed from 0.3 to 0.85 when preheating a rod of larger diameter in resistance mode, using the secondary circuit of butt welding machines and special devices.

13. The designs of lap joints of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 18 - 21.

14. Designs of T-joints of reinforcement with flat elements of embedded products, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 22 - 29.

15. Mechanical properties welded joints must meet the requirements of GOST 10922.

16. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions of welded joints made of sheet, strip and profile metal used in embedded and connecting products of reinforced concrete structures must meet the requirements of GOST 5264 and GOST 8713.

table 2

Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n, mm	Magnitude h/ d¢ n providing strength not less than that required by GOST 10922 for connections with a diameter ratio d¢ n / d n	Minimum value h/ d¢ n providing non-standardized strength
before welding	after welding

Notes:

1. Quantities d" n / d n that do not coincide with those given should be rounded to the nearest value indicated in the table.

2. In connections of type K1 - Kt from reinforcement of classes At-IVK and At-V with diameters of 10 - 32 mm, rods of smaller diameter ( d¢ m) must be made of reinforcement of classes BP-I, A-I, A-II and A-III.

Table 3

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	steel grade	d n; d¢ n	l	b
	before welding	after welding
						0,5 d¢ n, but not less than 8	0,3 d¢ n , but not less than 6




				St5ps, St5sp
				25G2S, 28S, 27GS
				08G2S, 10GS2

Note. The value of temporary shear resistance in K3-Pp connections is not standardized. Performance characteristics These connections when the working rods are stretched are given in Appendix 2.

Table 4

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n		d¢ n / d n
	before welding	after welding
			A-I, A-II, A-III		³ 1.3 d¢ n
					³ 1.2 d¢ n
					³ 1.2 d¢ n

					³ 1.3 d¢ n
					³ 1.2 d¢ n

Notes:

1. Reinforcement class A-IV, except steel grade 80C.

2. At-v class fittings only using local heat treatment.

3. For attitude d¢ n / d n< 0,85 см. п. 12.

Table 5

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	D	D¢ - 0.1	L	l¢
	before welding	after welding
				³ 1.2 d n		³ 2 d n	1,5 d n ± 0.2 d n

See notes 1, 2 to table. 4.

Table 6

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d’ n/ d n

l 1

before welding

after welding

£1.5 d n

£1.2 d n

£0.15 d n

£0.05 d n

£0.2 d n

£0.05 d n

Notes:

2. In relation d’ n/ d n< 1 linear dimensions refer to a rod with a larger diameter.

Table 7

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d’ n/ d n

l 1

b 1

before welding

after welding

£0.15 d n

£0.05 d n

Notes:

1. When welding with single-electrode and flux-cored wire, rods with a bevel of the lower rod should not be cut.

2. Use cutting with a reverse bevel of the lower rod when welding rods with a diameter of ³ 32 mm .

3. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.

4. In relation d’ n/ d n< 1 линейные размеры относятся к стержню большего диаметра.

Table 8

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

l 1

before welding

after welding

£1.2 d n

£1.3 d n

£0.15 d n

£0.2 d n

Notes:

1. In connections of type C13, cutting at an angle a 2 may not be performed.

2. The dimensions in the denominator refer to the connection in which the weld completely fills the cross-section of the double-row reinforcement.

Table 9

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	d’ n/ d n	l 1	b	l n = l
	before welding	after welding
								2d n + l 1	(0,35-0,40) d n	£1.2 d n + s
											£0.05 d n
								3d n + l 1
						Same values depending on welding method		4d n + l 1

Notes:

1. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s = 6mm, d n = 28 - 40mm s = 8 mm.

2. In relation d’ n/ d n = 0.5 - 0.8, an insert bracket should be used (see Appendix 3).

Table 10

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d’ n/ d n

l 1

l n = l

before welding

after welding

2d n + l 1

3d n + l 1

2d n + l 1

£0.15 d n

4d n + l 1

0,40)d n

£1.2 d n +s

£0.05 d n

Notes

1. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s = 6mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s = 8 mm.

2. See note 2 to table. 9.

Table 11

Table 12

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	l n = l			h
	before welding	after welding
					0,5d n, but ³10	0,5d n, but ³8	0,5d n, but ³4




	The same, but the pads are shifted

Notes:

1. Reinforcement connections classes A-I V, A-V, A-VI, at-vck, at-v should be performed with offset overlays, applying stitches in a checkerboard pattern.

2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO 2); the latter except for steel classes A-II and at-iiic.

3. Double-sided seams with a length of 4 are allowed d n for reinforcement connections of classes A-I, A-II, A-III.

4. At-v class reinforcement connections are allowed only from steel grade 20GS.

Table 13

Designation of connection type, drainage method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class					h
	before welding	after welding
	See C21, but the pads are displaced			28,5 d n	5,0 d n	7,0 d n	0,5 d n, but ³ 8	0,25 d n, but ³ 4
				26,5 d n
				24,5 d n
				21,5 d n	4,5 d n	6,5 d n
				21,0d n		6,0 d n
				34,5 d n	5,5 d n	8,5 d n
				29,5 d n		7,5 d n
				25,5 d n

				25,0 d n		7,0 d n

Table 14

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	l = l n
	before welding	after welding
				6 d n	0,5 d n, but ³ 8	0,25 d n, but ³ 4
				8 d n

				10 d n

Notes:

1. Double-sided seams with a length of 4 are allowed d n for reinforcement connections classes A-I and A-II (made of steel grade 10GT).

2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO 2); the latter except for reinforcement of classes A-II and at-iiic (made of steel grade St5).

Table 15

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d’ n/ d n

l n = l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

2d n + l 1

£1.5 d n

£1.2 d n

£0.15 d n

£0.05 d n

d n/2+s

4d n + l 1

Notes:

1. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.

2. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s = 8mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s = 10mm.

Table 16

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d’ n/ d n

l n =l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

£0.15 d n

2d n + l 1

d n/2+s

£2 d n

4d n + l 1

Notes:

1. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.

2. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s = 8mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s = 10mm.

3. See note 2 to table. 9.

Table 17

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

l 1

l n = l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

3d n + l 1

£1.3 d n

(0,1-0,15) d n

d n/2+s

table 18

Designation of connection type, welding method			Reinforcement class	d n		l = l n	b
	before welding	after welding
					³0.3 d n, but ³ 4	3 d n	0,5 d n, but ³ 8	0,25 d n, but ³ 4
						4 d n
					³0.4 d n, but ³ 5	5 d n


					³0.3 d n, but ³ 4	4 d n
					³0.4 d n, but ³ 5	5 d n

Notes:

1. Connections for reinforcement of classes At-V are allowed only from steel grade 20GS.

2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO 2); the latter except for reinforcement of classes A-II and at-iiic (made of steel grade St5).

Table 19

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class				k 1		a
	before welding	after welding
				1,4 d n	0,4 d n	1,8 d n	(0,10-0,15)	³0.3 d n,

				1,6 d n		2,0 d n		but not less than 4

Table 20

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class				k 1		a
	before welding	after welding
				1,4 d n	0,4 d n	1,8d n	(0,10-0,15)	³0.3 d n, but
				1,6 d n		2,0 d n		at least 4

Table 21

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class
	before welding	after welding
				1,4d n	0,35d n	1,7d n	1,8d n	(0,1-0,15)d n

				1,6 d n	0,40 d n	1,8 d n	1,9d n

Table 22

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class		b	s/d n
	before welding	after welding
				(1.5¾2.5) d n

Note. Connections of type T2 from at-iiic class reinforcement can be made up to a diameter of 14 mm.

Table 23

Designation of connection type, welding method

Connection of reinforcement to plate

Reinforcement class

s/d n

D p

before welding

after welding

(1,5-2,5)

0,4 d n

(2,0-2,5)

Table 24

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class			D p		s/d n	k
	before welding	after welding
				1,4 d n	³0.2 d n	2,0 d n	2,0 d n		0,5 d n
				1,5 d n		2,2 d n	2,2 d n		0,6 d n
				1,6 d n					0,7 d n

Table 25

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class		b	s/d n	a
	before welding	after welding
				³l,2 d n
				³1.3 d n

Table 26

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	D O		h St.	d o	s/d n
	before welding	after welding
					0,5 d n + 0.8 s	0,5 d n	d 1 + (l-3)
					0,6 d n +0.8 s	0,6d n
					0,7 d n +0.8 s	0,7d n

Table 27

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d O	D o	s/d n	h 1	D
	before welding	after welding
					d 0 + 10

Notes:

1. AT-IIIC class fittings can be used with a diameter of up to 18 mm.

2. For fittings of classes A-III and at-iiic the value s/d n ³ 0.55.

Table 28

Designation of connection type, welding method

Connection of reinforcement to plate

Reinforcement class

s/d n

h 1

* h 2 at d n³12

before welding

after welding

* At d n £ 12 mm is allowed to make connections without a weld.

Table 29

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	l	l 1	c	c 1	a	s/d n
Designation of connection type, welding method	before welding	after welding	Reinforcement class	l	l 1	c	c 1	a	s/d n
				£ d n


				£0.8 d n



				£0.5 d n

ANNEX 1

Mandatory

TERMS AND EXPLANATIONS

Table 30

	Explanation
Bath welding	A process in which the melting of the ends of the joined rods occurs mainly due to the heat of the molten metal bath
Bathroom mechanized welding	A welding process in which the filler wire is fed into the welding zone automatically and the arc or holder is controlled manually
Bath single-electrode welding	A welding process in which electrode material in the form of a single (piece) electrode is manually fed into the welding zone
Mechanized arc welding with flux-cored wire	A welding process in which electrode material in the form of flux-cored wire is fed automatically into the welding zone
Inventory form	A reusable device (copper, graphite) that ensures the formation of deposited metal during welding and easy removal after welding
Steel bracket	An auxiliary element that ensures the formation of a weld seam, which is an integral part of the connection and absorbs part of the load when the connection operates in the structure
Cross connection	Connection of rods welded at the intersection
Draft ( h, mm) rods in cross-shaped connections	The amount of pressing of the rods into each other in the area heated at resistance welding to a plastic state
Combined load-bearing and forming elements	Elements consisting of the remaining steel half-bracket and the inventory copper half-mold
Mechanized submerged arc welding without filler metal	A process in which the entire welding cycle is carried out in a predetermined automatic mode
Dugovaya manual welding with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal	A process in which auxiliary operations are partially mechanized and the entire welding cycle is performed manually

APPENDIX 2

Information

ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE QUALITY OF WELDED JOINTS

A comprehensive assessment in points of the performance qualities of welded joints (strength, ductility, impact strength, metallographic factors, etc.) depending on the type of joint and welding method, steel grade and reinforcement diameter, as well as operating (manufacturing) temperature under static loads is given in Table . 31. When assessing performance qualities under repeated loads, the point values should be approximately reduced by one compared to the accepted values under static loads. In this case, you should additionally use regulatory documents for the design of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures for various purposes.

Points for welded connections of reinforcement are assigned based on the condition of compliance with the regulated technology for the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded products.

For welded joints of hot-rolled reinforcing steel:

5 - equal strength to the original metal and ductile fracture are guaranteed;

4 - welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 5781 for steel in its original state;

3 - the welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 10922 for welded joints.

For welded joints of thermomechanically strengthened reinforcing steel:

5 - the welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 10884 for steel in its original state and is characterized by ductile fracture;

4 - temporary tensile strength of a welded joint may be lower than that normalized according to GOST 10884 by up to 5%;

3 - temporary tensile strength of a welded joint may be lower than that normalized according to GOST 10884 by up to 10%.

Evaluation of the performance qualities of welded joints under static load

Table 31

Connection designation

Operating (manufacturing) temperature, °C

Reinforcing steels, classes, grades, diameters, mm

St5ps, St5Gps

St5sp, St5ps

20ХГ2Ц, 20ХГ2Т

25G2S, 27GS, 28S

Notes:

1. Performance qualities of all types of reinforcement welded joints class A-I grades St3sp and St3ps should be assessed in the same way as class A-II fittings grade 10GT, and class A-I brands St3kp - like class A-II fittings of the St5sp and St5ps brands.

2. The performance qualities of cross-shaped connections of wire reinforcement of classes BP-I and BP-600 are not regulated by this appendix due to the lack of requirements for chemical composition become. The quality requirements for such connections are given in GOST 10922.

3. Class A-II fittings of grade 10GT can be used up to a temperature of minus 70 °C inclusive.

4. Welded connections of at-vck class reinforcement are rated one point lower than connections from at-v class reinforcement at operating temperatures up to minus 40 °C inclusive.

5. Welded joints C16-Mo, C18-Mo and N4-Ka are rated one point lower than the joints given in the same group.

6. The letters ND, TN and NTs respectively indicate that connections are not allowed for use, connections are technologically impracticable and connections the use of which is impractical.

APPENDIX 3

Information

DESIGN AND DIMENSIONS OF REINFORCEMENT CONNECTIONS WITH DIAMETER RATIO FROM 0.5 TO 0.8

S14-Mp, S15-Rs, S16-Mo

Table 32

C24-Mf, S25-Mp, S26-Rs

Table 33

Note. ; k³ 0.8 s; k'³ 0.8 s'; b= (0.35¾0.4) d' n;

h' n = d' n + s'; l' n = l n - 0.5 d n - l 1

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND INVESTMENTS

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
WELDED CONNECTIONS OF FITTINGS AND EMBODIED PRODUCTS REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES	GOST 14098-91
Types, designs and sizes
Welded joints of reinforcement and inserts for reinforced concrete structures. Types, constructions and dimensions

Date of introduction 01.07.92

This standard applies to welded connections of rod reinforcement and reinforcementround wire with a diameter of 3 mm or more, welded connections of rod reinforcement with rolled productsthickness from 4 to 30 mm, performed in the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded iron productsconcrete structures, as well as during the installation of prefabricated and monolithic reinforced concrete structures structures.

The standard establishes the types, design and dimensions of the specified welded joints, performedperformed by resistance and arc welding.

The standard does not apply to welded joints of embedded products that do not havecore bars made of reinforcing steel.

1. Designations of types of welded joints and methods of their welding are given in table. 1.

Table 1

Welded connection type
Name	Designation, number	Name	Designation	Position of rods during welding
Cruciform		Contact point of two rods		Any
		The same, three rods
		Arc manual tack welding
Butt		Contact rods of the same diameter		Horizontal
		Same thing, different diameters
		Contact rods of the same diameter followed by machining
		The same, with preliminary mechanical processing

		ventar form

		Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory form		Vertical
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in in ventar form
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form
		Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory for me paired rods		Horizontal
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in in ventar form of paired rods
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form of paired rods
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire steel bracket

Continuation of the table. 1

Welded connection type		Welding method and technological features
Name	Designation, number	Name	Designation	Position welding rods
Butt	C15	Bath-suture on a steel bracket-plate	Rs	Horizontal
	C16		Mo
	C17	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire on a steel bracket-plate	MP	Vertical
	C18	Arc mechanized open arc with bare alloy wire (SODGP) on a steel bracket-plate	Mo
	C19	Manual arc with multi-layer seams on a steel bracket-plate	Rm
	S20	Manual arc with multi-layer seams without steel bracket-plate	Rm
	S21	Arc hand stitching with rod overlays	Rn	Any
	S22	The same, seams with elongated rod overlays	RU
	S23	Manual arc seams without additional technological elements	Re
	S24	Bath mechanized submerged arc in combined load-bearing and forming elements.	Mf	Horizontal
	S25		MP
	S26		Rs	Horizontal
	S27	Mechanized submerged bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements	Mf	Vertical
	S28	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements	MP
		Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements	Rs
	C30	Bath mechanized submerged arc in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	Mf	Horizontal
	C31	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	MP
	S32	Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	Rs
Overlapping		Arc hand stitching	Rsh	Any horizontal
		Contact one relief on the plate	Kr	Any horizontal
	H3	The same, according to two reliefs on the plate	KP
		Contact along two reliefs on the reinforcement	Ka
Tavrovoe	T1	Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal	Mf	Vertical
		Manual arc with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal	Russia
		Mechanized arc submerged arc without filler metal along the relief	Mf	Vertical
	T6*)	Contact relief resistance	KS
		Contact continuous reflow	Co.
		Arc mechanized in carbon dioxide (CO 2) into a stamped hole	Mv
		Manual arc into a stamped hole	Rv
	T10	Arc mechanized in CO 2 in the hole	Ms
	T11	The same, in a counterbore hole	Mts
	T12	Manual arc with roller seams in a countersunk hole	Rz
	T13	Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form	Ri	Horizontal

* Connections T4 and T5 (as amended by GOST 14098-85) are excluded

2. The symbol of a welded joint has the following structure:

Example of a symbolbutt joint made by bath fur using submerged arc welding in inventory form, the position of the rods is vertical:

S8 - Mf

d 1 - outer diameter of the periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781-82;

d"n- nominal smaller diameter of the rod in welded joints;

d 0 - smaller diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;

D 0 - larger diameter of a stamped, countersunk or counterbore hole in a flat element;

Dp- diameter of the relief on a flat element;

D-burr diameter in butt and deposited metal in T-joints;

D" - diameter of the turned part of the rod;

R- radius of curvature of the relief;

A- total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection;

b- width of the weld; total size of dents;

b", b" - size of dents from electrodes in the cross-shaped connection;

h- the amount of settlement in the cross-shaped connection; weld section height;

h 1 - height of reinforcement of the deposited metal;

h 2 - height of reinforcement of the root of the weld;

N- height of the bracket;

hSt.- penetration depth (T8, T9);

l- length of the weld;

l 1 , l 2 - gaps before welding between the ends of the rods for various cuts;

lw- width of the flank seam (C24 -C32);

ln- length of brackets, overlays and laps of rods;

l 3 , l 4 - length of the weld (C22);

l" - length of the turned part of one rod (C4);

L- total length of the turned part of connections SZ and C4;

L 1 - insert length in connections type C11-C13;

z- blunting: in cutting the ends of rods for welding; in the flat connection element T12;

s- thickness: steel bracket-plate, flat elements of T-joints and overlap joints;

k - height of the relief and stamped profile on a flat element; weld leg in joints S24 - C32iH1;

k 1 - the gap between the rod and the flat element in the H2 and NC connections;

n- width of the relief on a flat element;

6. For the design of welded joints not provided for by this standard, working drawings with a technological description of welding conditions and a departmental regulatory document that takes into account the requirements of current standards and approved in the prescribed manner should be developed.

8. The designs of cross-shaped connections of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in and in the table. , .

9. The ratio of the diameters of the rods should be taken for connections of type K1 - from 0.25 to 1.00, type K2 - from 0.50 to 1.00.

10. For connections of types K1 and K2, the amount of settlement (Fig. 1) is determined by the formulas:

for two rods

for three rods

Where A- total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection, mm;

b- total size of dents ( b " + b "), mm.

Relative precipitation values h/d n for connections of type K1 must correspond to those given in table. . Relative precipitation values h/d n for compounds of type K2, you should take two times less than those given in the table. GOST 5264-80 AndGOST 8713-79 .

20 rub. 50 k. BZ 7-91/900

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

TYPES, DESIGNS AND SIZES

GOST 14098-91

Official publication

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND INVESTMENTS

UDC 621.791.052:006.354

STATE

STANDARD

ZhZZ SSR Group

WELDED CONNECTIONS OF REINFORCEMENTS AND EMBODIED PRODUCTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Types, designs and sizes

Weld"ed joints of reinforcement and inserts for reinforced concrete structures Types, constructions and dimensions

Date of introduction 07/01/92

This standard applies to welded connections of rod reinforcement and reinforcing wire with a diameter of 3 mm or more, welded connections of rod reinforcement with rolled products with a thickness of 4 to 30 mm, performed in the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded products of reinforced concrete structures, as well as during the installation of prefabricated and construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures .

The standard establishes the types, design and dimensions of the specified welded joints performed by resistance and arc welding.

The standard does not apply to welded connections of embedded products that do not have anchor bars made of reinforcing steel.

1, Designations of types of welded joints and methods of their welding are given in table. 1.

Table 1

Welded connection type
Name	Designation	Name	Position of rods during welding
		Contact point of two rods
Cruciform		The same, three rods
		Arc manual tack welding
		Contact rods of the same diameter	Horizontal
		Same thing, different diameters
		Contact rods of the same diameter followed by
		machining
		The same, with preliminary mechanical processing


		ventar form

		Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory form	Vertical
Butt		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in in-
		ventar form
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form
		Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory form	Horizontal
		me paired rods
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in in-
		ventar form of paired rods
		Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form of paired
		rods
		Arc mechanized flux-cored wire
		steel bracket

Official publication

<£) Издательство стандартов, 1992

This standard may not be reproduced, replicated or distributed in whole or in part.

without permission from the USSR State Construction Committee

Continuation of Table 1

Welded connection type	Welding method and technological features
	Name	Position
Name	Name	welding rods
	Bath-suture on a steel bracket-plate	Horizontal

	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire on a steel bracket-plate	Vertical
	Arc mechanized open arc with bare alloy wire (SODGP) on a steel bracket-plate
	Manual arc with multi-layer seams on a steel bracket-plate
	Manual arc with multilayer seams without steel staple - overlays
	Arc hand stitching with rod overlays
	The same, seams with elongated rod overlays
	Manual arc seams without additional technological elements
Butt		Horizontal

		Horizontal
	Mechanized submerged bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements	Vertical
	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements
	Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements
	Bath mechanized submerged arc in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	Horizontal
	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods
	Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods
	Arc hand stitching
Overlapping	Contact one relief on the plate	Horizontal
	The same, according to two reliefs on the plate
	Contact along two reliefs on the reinforcement
	Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal	Vertical
	Manual arc with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal
	Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal along the relief	Vertical
	Contact relief resistance
Tavrovoe	Contact continuous reflow Arc mechanized in carbon dioxide (CO2) into a stamped hole
	Manual arc into a stamped hole
	Arc mechanized in COg in the hole
	The same, in a counterbore hole Manual arc Roller seams into a countersunk hole
	Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form	Horizontal

* Connections T4 and T5 (as amended by GOST I098-85) are excluded

2. The symbol of a welded joint has the following structure x x - x x

Technological feature of the method

Welding method K - contact,

P - manual, M - mechanized

Type of welded joint K - cross-shaped,

S - butt, N - lap, T - tee

An example of a symbol for a butt joint made by mechanized submerged arc welding in inventory form, the position of the rods is vertical.

3 For structural elements of welded joints, the following designations are accepted:

d H - profile number (nominal diameter of the rod) according to GOST 5781 (shown conditionally in the table figures);

d is the internal diameter of the periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781; di is the outer diameter of the periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781; d" H - nominal smaller diameter of the rod in welded joints,

d 0 -■ smaller diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;

D 0 - larger diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element,

D p - diameter of the relief on a flat element;

D is the diameter of the burr in butt and deposited metal in T-joints;

D" - diameter of the turned part of the rod;

R - radius of curvature of the relief,

a - the total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection; b - width of the weld; total size of dents;

b", b" - the size of dents from the electrodes in the cross-shaped connection,

h is the amount of settlement in the cross-shaped connection; weld section height; hi - height of reinforcement of the deposited metal; h 2 - height of reinforcement of the root of the weld;

I is the height of the bracket; h CB - penetration depth (T8, T9);

/ - length of the weld,

l\, h - gaps before welding between the ends of the rods for various cuts;

/ w - width of the flank seam (C24-C32),

/n -- length of brackets, overlays and overlaps of rods,

/z, C - length of the weld (C22);

V is the length of the turned part of one rod (C4),

L is the total length of the turned part of the connections SZ and C4,

L\ is the length of the insert in joints of the SP-S13 type, z is the blunting in the cutting of the ends of the rods for pool welding; in the flat connection element T12;

s - thickness: steel bracket-plate, flat elements of T-joints and lap joints,

k is the height of the relief and the stamped profile on a flat element, the leg of the seam in connections C24-C32 and H1,

k\ is the gap between the rod and the flat element in connections H2 and NZ, n is the width of the relief on the flat element; t is the length of the relief on a flat element;

g is the height of the deposited metal or “rim” in T-joints; With; u - dimensions of the deposited metal in the T13 connection,

a, axis od, P, pi, fb, y, 7i - angular dimensions of structural elements of welded joints

4 Terms and explanations must comply with Appendix 1 and GOST 2601

5 When choosing rational types of welded joints and welding methods, you should be guided by Appendix 2.

7. It is allowed to replace the types of connections and methods of their welding specified in the drawings of standard and individual working designs of buildings and structures with equivalent ones in terms of performance in accordance with Appendix 2.

8 The designs of cross-shaped reinforcement connections, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those shown in Figure 1 and in Tables 2, 3.

9. The ratio of the diameters of the rods should be taken for connections of type K1 - from 0.25 to 1.00, type K2 - from 0.50 to 1.00.

10. For connections of types K1 and K2, the amount of settlement (Fig. 1) is determined by the formulas for two rods /i = 2"di-(a + 6);

„ , Sdi (a+b) for three rods n=-^-,

where a is the total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection, mm, b is the total size of dents (b"+b"), mm

The relative precipitation values hjd^ for compounds of type KI must correspond to those given in table. 2. The values of relative precipitation h/d H for compounds of type K2 should be taken as two times less than those given in Table 2, but not less than 0.10

11 Designs of butt joints of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 4-17

12. In connections of the C2-Kn type, the ratio d H / d H is allowed from 0.3 to 0.85 when preheating a rod of larger diameter in resistance mode, using for this purpose the secondary circuit of butt welding machines and special devices

13. The designs of lap joints of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 18-21.

14. Designs of T-joints of reinforcement with flat elements of embedded products, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in Tables 22-29

15 Mechanical properties of welded joints must meet the requirements of GOST

16. The main types, structural elements and dimensions of welded joints made of sheet, strip and profile metal used in embedded and connecting products of reinforced concrete structures must meet the requirements of GOST 5264 and GOST 8713

fittings

not less than required by GOST 10922 for 1 with diameter ratio

Minimum speed

provide

strength

tshshshgm

5.5-40 0,25-0,50

Notes:

1. Values d H / d H that do not coincide with those given should be rounded to the nearest value indicated in the table,

2 In connections of type K1-Kt from reinforcement of classes At-IVK and At-V with diameters of 10-32 mm, rods of smaller diameter Shch must be from reinforcement of classes Bp-I, A-I, A-I and A-Sh,

GOST 14098-91

Table 3 About

25G2S, 28S, 27GS

08G2S, 10GS2

Note: The value of temporary shear resistance in KZ-PP connections is not standardized. The performance characteristics of these connections when the working rods are stretched are given in Appendix 2.

GOST 14098-91

Notes:

1. AD class reinforcement except steel grade 80C.

2, At-V class fittings only using local heat treatment. ■3. For the relationship dji n<0,85 см. п. 12.

Table 5

tmyatzh

yak

See notes 1,2 to table. 4,

GOST 14098-91

Notes

1 When welding with single-electrode and flux-cored wire, rods with a bevel of the lower rod should not be cut.

2. Use cutting with a reverse bevel of the lower rod when welding rods with a diameter of >32 mm.

3. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.

4. At the ratio d„/d H

GOST 14098-91

Notes:

1. In connections of type C13, cutting at an angle a 2 is not allowed.

2 The dimensions in the denominator refer to a connection in which the weld completely fills the cross-section of the double-row reinforcement.

Yu GOST 14098-91



			Same knowledge
			for
			dependency
			from the method

Notes:

1. For 4 =20-25 mm 5=6 mm,

p n =28-40 mm s=8 mm.

2. When the ratio 4/4=45-0.8, an insert bracket should be used (see Appendix 3).

GOST 14098-91

Notes:

1. Dm 4=20-25 and s=6 neither, for i, =2M0 and s=J nor,

2. See accept* 2 to table, 9.

12 GOST 14098-91

GOST 14098-91 O. 13

The same, but the pads are shifted

Notes:

1. Connections of reinforcement of classes A-IV, A-V, A-VI, At-VCK, At-V should be made with offset overlays, applying seams in a checkerboard pattern

2, It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (C0 2); the latter except steel classes A-I and At-ShS.

3, Double-sided seams with a length of 4 d v are allowed for connections of reinforcement of classes A-I, A*H, A-Sh.

4. At-V class reinforcement connections are allowed only from steel grade 20GS,

14 GOST 14098-91

Table 14

before welding

after welding

fittings

shhsh

Notes:

1. Double-sided seams with a length of 4tf H are allowed for connections of reinforcement of classes A-I and A-H (made of steel grade 10GT).

2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (C0 2); the latter except for fittings of classes A-N and At-ShS (made of steel grade St5).

GOST 14098-91 S. 15

16 GO OX 14068-91

Notes:

2. Length 4 =20-25 nm s=8 and, yes 4 =28-40 w s=10 nor.

18 GOST 14098-91

before welding

after welding

		>0.34, but >4



		>0.34, but >4
		>0.44, but >5

0.254, but >4

Notes:

1 Connections for fittings of classes At-V are allowed only from steel grade 20GS.

2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO*); the latter except for reinforcement of classes A-P and At-ShS (made of steel grade St5).

GOST 14098-91 S. 19

T+

GOST 14098-91

GOST 14098-91 C, 21

before welding

after welding

Note. Connections type T2 from

At-ShS class fittings are allowed to be made up to a diameter of 14 mm.

GOST 14098-91 S. 23

Table 23 o

24 GOST 14098-91

GOST 14098-91 S. 26

Table 25 o

26 GOST 14098-91

GOST 14098-91 S. 27

Designation

connection, method of welding (and

Connection of reinforcement to plate

before welding

after welding

O.

28 G OCX 14098-91

* At 4<12 им допускается выполнять соединения без подварочного шва.

GOST 14098-91 S. 29

Designation

connections,

30 GOST 14098-91

GOST 14098-91 S. 31

APPENDIX 1 Mandatory

TERMS AND EXPLANATIONS

Table 30

Explanation

Bath welding

Bathroom mechanized welding

Bath single-electrode welding

Mechanized arc welding with flux-cored wire Inventory form

Steel bracket

Cross-shaped connection Settlement (L, mm) of rods in cross-shaped connections Combined load-bearing and forming elements

Mechanized submerged arc welding without filler metal

Manual arc welding with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal

A process in which the melting of the ends of the joining rods occurs mainly due to the heat of the molten metal bath. A welding process in which the welding wire is supplied automatically to the welding zone, and the arc or holder is controlled manually. A welding process in which the electrode material is in the form of a single (piece) electrode fed into the welding zone manually A welding process in which the electrode material in the form of flux-cored wire is fed into the welding zone automatically

A reusable device (copper, graphite) that ensures the formation of deposited metal during welding and easy removal after welding

An auxiliary element that ensures the formation of a weld, which is an integral part of the connection and takes up part of the load when the connection operates in the structure. Connection of rods welded at the intersection

The amount of pressing of the rods into each other in the area heated during resistance welding to a plastic state

Elements consisting of the remaining steel half-bracket and the inventory copper half-mold

A process in which the entire welding cycle is carried out in a predetermined automatic mode

A process in which auxiliary operations are partially mechanized and the entire welding cycle is performed manually

APPENDIX 2 Information

ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE QUALITY OF WELDED JOINTS

A comprehensive assessment in points of the performance qualities of welded joints (strength, ductility, impact strength, metallographic factors, etc.) depending on the type of joint and welding method, steel grade and reinforcement diameter, as well as operating (manufacturing) temperature under static loads is given in Table . 31. When assessing performance under repeated loads, the point values should be approximately reduced by one compared to the accepted values under static loads. In this case, you should additionally use regulatory documents for the design of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures for various purposes.

Points for welded connections of reinforcement are assigned based on the condition of compliance with the regulated technology for the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded products

For welded joints of hot-rolled reinforcing steel

5 - equal strength to the original metal and ductile fracture are guaranteed,

4 - the welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 5781 for steel in its original state,

3 - the welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 10922 for welded joints.

For welded joints of thermomechanically strengthened reinforcing steel

5 - the welded joint meets the requirements of GOST 10884 for steel in its original state and is characterized by ductile fracture,

4 - temporary tensile strength of a welded joint may be lower than normalized according to GOST 10884 to

3 - temporary tensile strength of a welded joint may be lower than normalized according to GOST 10884 to

Table 31

Operating temperature [ready-singing], °C

Reinforcing steels, classes, grades, diameters, mm

St5ps, StbGps

25G2S, 27GS, 28S

22Х2Г2С, up to 22

20GS, 20GS2, up to 32

S5-Mf Sat-Mp S7~Rv S8-Mf S9-Mp S10-Rv

SP-Mf S12-Mp S13-Rv

Above 0 Up to -30 Up to -40

32 GOST 14098-91

(manufactured

St5ps, St5Gps

25G2S, 27GS, 28S

20GS2, up to 32

S15-Rs S16-Mo S17-Mp S18-Mo S19-Rm

GOST 14098-91 S-33

Reinforcing steels, classes, grades, diameters, mm

St5ps, St5Gps

25G2S, 27GS, 28S

20 GS, 20GS2

22Х2Г2С, up to 22

20 GS, 20GS2, up to 32

S24-Mf SYA-Mp S26-RS S27-Mf S28-Ml SYA-RS

AboveO Up to -30

SZO-Mf C3I-Mp S32-RS

Up to -30 1 Up to -40

N2-Kr NZ-Kp N4-Ka

AboveO Up to-30

34 GOST 14098-91

Reinforcing steels, classes, grades, diameters, mm

25G2S, 27GS, 28S

22Х2Г2С, up to 22

20GS, 20GS2, up to 32

AboveO Up to -30

T8-Mv 19-Rv

PIK TP-Mts T12-Re

GOST 14098-91 S. 35

P. 36 GOST 14098-91

Notes:

1. The performance qualities of all types of welded joints of class A-I reinforcement of the StZsp and StZps brands must be assessed in the same way as class A-P reinforcement of the 10GT brand, and class A-I reinforcement of the StZkp brand - as of class A-P reinforcement of the StBsp and StBps brands.

2. The performance qualities of cross-shaped connections of wire reinforcement of classes BP-I and BP-000 are not regulated by this annex due to the lack of requirements for the chemical composition of steel. The quality requirements for such connections are given in GOST 10922.

3. Class A-P fittings of brand 10GT can be used up to a temperature of minus 70 °C inclusive.

4. Welded connections of At-VCK class reinforcement are rated one point lower than connections from At-V class reinforcement at operating temperatures up to minus 40 °C inclusive.

5. Welded joints C16-<Мо, С18-^Мо и Н4-Ка оценивают на один балл ниже соединений, приведенных в той же группе.

6. The letters ND, TN and NTs respectively indicate that connections are not allowed for use, connections are technologically impracticable and connections the use of which is impractical.

APPENDIX 3

DESIGN AND DIMENSIONS OF REINFORCEMENT CONNECTIONS WITH DIAMETER RATIO FROM OD TO OD

CU-Mp, S15-Rs, S18-Mo

Table 32

S24-Mf, C25-MD, S2v-Re

Table 33

GOST 14098-91 S. 37

P. 38 GOST 14098-91

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the USSR State Committee for Construction and Investment DEVELOPERS

A. M. Friedman, Ph.D. tech. Sciences (topic leader); E. F. Gorokhova; E. N. Bondarets; L. A. Zborovsky; V. V. Bakonin

2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction and Investment dated November 28, 1991 No. 19

3. INSTEAD GOST 14098-85

4. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

Editor V, P, Ogurtsov

Technical editor G. A. Terebinkina Proofreader T. A. Vasilyeva

Delivered to embankment 23 03 92. Sub in the oven. 29 05 92. Uel p l 5.0 Uel k-ott 5.0 Academic ed. l 3.46.

Circulation 2190 copies.

Order "Badge of Honor" Publishing house of standards, 123557, Moscow, GSP, Novopresnensky lane, 3

Kaluga Standards Printing House, Moskovskaya St., 256. Zak. 809

WELDED CONNECTIONS
REINFORCEMENTS AND EMBODIMENTS
REINFORCED CONCRETE PRODUCTS
CONSTRUCTIONS
TYPES, DESIGNS AND SIZES
GOST 14098-91
STATE COMMITTEE OF THE USSR
ON CONSTRUCTION AND INVESTMENTS
Moscow
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

WELDED CONNECTIONS OF FITTINGS AND EMBODIMENTS
PRODUCTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Types, designs and sizes
Welded joints of reinforcement and inserts
for reinforced concrete structures.
Types, constructions and dimensions

GOST
14098-91

Date of introduction 01.07.92

The standard establishes the types, design and dimensions of the specified welded joints performed by resistance and arc welding.

The standard does not apply to welded connections of embedded products that do not have anchor bars made of reinforcing steel.

1. Designations of types of welded joints and methods of their welding are given in table. 1.

Table 1

Welded connection type		Welding method and technological features
Name	Designation, number	Name	Designation	Position of rods during welding
Cruciform	K1	Contact point of two rods	CT	Any
	K2	The same, three rods	CT
	k3	Arc manual tack welding	pp
Butt	C1	Contact rods of the same diameter	Co.	Horizontal
	C2	Same thing, different diameters	Kn	»
	C3	Contact rods of the same diameter followed by machining	Km	»
	C4	The same, with preliminary mechanical processing	KP	»
	C5		Mf	»
	C6		MP	»
	C7		Rv	»
	C8	Bathroom mechanized submerged arc in inventory form	Mf	Vertical
	C9	Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in inventory form	MP	»
	C10	Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form	Rv	»
	C11	Bath mechanized submerged arc in inventory form of paired rods	Mf	Horizontal
	C12	Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in inventory form of paired rods	MP	»
	C13	Single-electrode bath in inventory form of paired rods	Rv	»
	C14		MP	»
	C15	Bath-suture on a steel bracket-plate	Rs	Horizontal
	C16		Mo	»
	C17	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire on a steel bracket-plate	MP	Vertical
	C18	Arc mechanized open arc with bare alloy wire (SODGP) on a steel bracket-plate	Mo	»
	C19	Manual arc with multi-layer seams on a steel bracket-plate.	Rm	»
	S20	Manual arc with multi-layer seams without steel bracket-plate	Rm	»
	S21	Arc hand stitching with rod overlays	Rn	Any
	S22	The same, seams with elongated rod overlays	RU	»
	S23	Manual arc seams without additional technological elements	Re	»
	S24		Mf	Horizontal
	S25	Arc mechanized flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements	MP	»
	S26		Rs	Horizontal
	S27	Mechanized submerged bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements	Mf	Vertical
	S28	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements	MP	»
	S29	Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements	Rs	»
	C30	Bath mechanized submerged arc in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	Mf	Horizontal
	C31	Arc mechanized with flux-cored wire in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	MP	»
	S32	Single-electrode bath in combined load-bearing and forming elements of paired rods	Rs	»
Overlapping	H1	Arc hand stitching	Rsh	Any
	H2	Contact one relief on the plate	Kr	Horizontal
	H3	The same, according to two reliefs on the plate	KP	»
	H4	Contact along two reliefs on the reinforcement	Ka	»
Tavrovoe	T1	Submerged arc mechanized without filler metal	Mf	Vertical
	T2	Manual arc with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal	Russia	»
	T3	Mechanized arc submerged arc without filler metal along the relief	Mf	Vertical
	T6*)	Contact relief resistance	KS	»
	T7	Contact continuous reflow	Co.	»
	T8	Arc mechanized in carbon dioxide (CO2) into a stamped hole	Mv	»
	T9	Manual arc into a stamped hole	Rv	»
	T10	Arc mechanized in CO2 into the hole	Ms	»
	T11	The same, in an unforged hole	Mts	»
	T12	Manual arc with roller seams in a countersunk hole	Rz	»
	T13	Single-electrode bathtub in inventory form	Ri	Horizontal
* Connections T4 and T5 (as amended by GOST 14098-85) are excluded.

2. The symbol of a welded joint has the following structure:

An example of a symbol for a butt joint made by mechanized submerged arc welding in inventory form, the position of the rods is vertical:
S8 - Mf

3. For structural elements of welded joints, the following designations are accepted:

d n - profile number (nominal diameter of the rod) according to GOST 5781 (shown conditionally in the table figures);
d- internal diameter of a periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781;
d 1 - outer diameter of a periodic profile rod according to GOST 5781;
d" n - nominal smaller diameter of the rod in welded joints;
d O - smaller diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;
D o - larger diameter of a stamped, countersunk or countersunk hole in a flat element;
D p - diameter of the relief on a flat element;
D - diameter of burr in butt and deposited metal in T-joints;
D" - diameter of the turned part of the rod;
R- radius of curvature of the relief;
A - the total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection;
b- weld width; total size of dents;
b", b² - the size of dents from the electrodes in the cross-shaped connection;
h- the amount of settlement in the cross-shaped connection; weld section height;
h 1 - height of reinforcement of the deposited metal;
h 2 - height of weld root reinforcement;
N - height of bracket-plate;
h sv - penetration depth (T8, T9);
l- length of the weld;
l 1, l 2 - gaps before welding between the ends of the rods for various cuts;
l w - width of the flank seam (C24 - C32);
l n - length of brackets, overlays and overlaps of rods;
l 3, l 4 - length of the weld (C22);
l" - length of the turned part of one rod (C4);
L- total length of the turned part of connections C3 and C4;
L 1 - insert length in connections type C11 - C13;
z- blunting: in cutting the ends of rods for welding; in the flat connection element T12;
s- thickness: steel bracket-plate, flat elements of T-joints and overlap joints;
k- height of the relief and stamped profile on a flat element; weld leg in connections C24 - C32 and h2;
k 1 - the gap between the rod and the flat element in connections H2 and H3;
P - width of the relief on a flat element;
T - length of relief on a flat element;
g- the height of the deposited metal or “rim” in T-joints;
With; c 1 - dimensions of deposited metal in connection T13;
a, a1, a2 , b, b1, b2, g, g1 - angular dimensions of structural elements of welded joints.

4. Terms and explanations must comply with Appendix 1 and.

5. When choosing rational types of welded joints and welding methods, you should be guided by Appendix 2.

7. It is allowed to replace the types of connections and methods of their welding specified in the drawings of standard and individual working designs of buildings and structures with equivalent ones in terms of performance in accordance with Appendix 2.

8. The designs of cross-shaped connections of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those shown in Fig. 1 and in table. 2, 3.

9. The ratio of the diameters of the rods should be taken for connections of type K1 - from 0.25 to 1.00, type K2 - from 0.50 to 1.00.

10. For connections of types K1 and K2, the amount of settlement (Fig. 1) is determined by the formulas:
for two rods;
for three rods,
Where A - total thickness of the rods after welding at the intersection, mm;
b- total size of dents ( b" + b"), mm.

Relative precipitation values h/d" n for connections of type K1 must correspond to those given in table. 2. Relative precipitation values h/d n for compounds of type K2, you should take half as much as those given in the table. 2, but not less than 0.10.

11. The designs of reinforcement butt joints, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 4 - 17.

12. In connections of type C2 - Kn ratio d" n /d n is allowed from 0.3 to 0.85 when preheating a rod of larger diameter in resistance mode, using the secondary circuit of butt welding machines and special devices.

13. The designs of lap joints of reinforcement, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 18 - 21.

14. Designs of T-joints of reinforcement with flat elements of embedded products, their dimensions before and after welding must correspond to those given in table. 22 - 29.

15. The mechanical properties of welded joints must meet the requirements of GOST 10922.

Crap. 1

table 2

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n, mm	Magnitude h/d" n providing strength not less than that required by GOST 10922 for connections with a diameter ratio d" n /d n				Minimum value h/d" n providing non-standardized strength	a
	before welding	after welding			1,00	0,50	0,33	0,25
K1 - Kt			VR-I	3 - 5	0,35 - 0,50	0,28 - 0,45	0,24 - 0,40	0,22 - 0,35	0,17	30 - 90°
			VR-600	4 - 6
			A-I	5,5 - 40	0,25 - 0,50	0,21 - 0,45	0,18 - 0,40	0,16 - 0,35	0,12
K2 - Kt			A-II*	10 - 40	0,33 - 0,60	0,28 - 0,52	0,24 - 0,46	0,22 - 0,42	0,17
			A-III*	6 - 40	0,40 - 0,80	0,35 - 0,70	0,30 - 0,62	0,28 - 0,55	0,20
			At-IIIC	6 - 32	0,40 - 0,60	0,35 - 0,46	0,30 - 0,46	0,28 - 0,42
			At-IVС	10 - 32

Notes:
1. Quantities d² n /d n that do not coincide with those given should be rounded to the nearest value indicated in the table.
2. In connections of type K1 - Kt from reinforcement of classes At-IVK and At-V with diameters of 10 - 32 mm, rods of smaller diameter ( d) must be made of reinforcement of classes BP-I, A-I, A-II and A-III.
* Here and below, the dimensions of connections for special-purpose fittings of classes Ac-II and Ac-III are identical to those of classes A-II and A-III.

Table 3

	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	steel grade	d n; d" n	l	b
	before welding	after welding
K3 - PP			A-I	-	10 - 40	0,5 d" n, but not less than 8	0,3 d" n, but not less than 6
			A-II	St5ps	10 - 18
				St5sp	10 - 28
				10GT	10 - 32
			A-III	25G2S	10 - 28
			At-IIIC	St5ps, St5sp	10 - 32
			At-IVC	25G2S, 28S, 27GS
			At-IVK	08G2S, 10GS2
			At-V	20GS

Note. The value of temporary shear resistance in K3-Pp connections is not standardized. The performance characteristics of these connections when the working rods are stretched are given in Appendix 2.

Table 4

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	D	d" n /d n	a ±10°
	before welding	after welding
C1 - Ko S2 - Kn			A-I, A-II, A-III	10 - 18	≥ 1,3 d" n	0,85 - 1,0	90°
				20 - 40	≥ 1,2 d" n
			A-IV, A-V	10 - 32	≥ 1,2 d" n
			A-VI	10 - 22
			at-iiic	10 - 32	≥ 1,3 d" n
			at-ivc		≥ 1,2 d" n
			at-v
			at-vck

Notes:
1. Reinforcement class A-IV, except steel grade 80C.
2. At-v class fittings only using local heat treatment.
3. For attitude d" n /d n< 0,85 см. п. 12.

Table 5

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	D	D" - 0,1	L	l"	a ± 10°
	before welding	after welding
С3 - km			A-II, A-III	10 - 40	≥ 1,2 d" n	d	≥ 2 d n	1,5 d n ± 0.2 d n	90°
			A-IV, A-V	10 - 32
S4 - Kp			A-VI	10 - 22
			at-iiic, at-iVc, at-Vc, at-VCK	10 - 32

See notes 1, 2 to table. 4.

Table 6

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d" n/ d n

l 1

l 2

a - 10°

h 1

h 2

before welding

after welding

C5 - Mf,
S6 - MP,
C7 - Rv

A-I, A-II, A-III

20 - 40

0,5 - 1,0

12 - 20
12 - 16

5 - 12

90°

10 - 15°

≤ 1,5 d n
≤ 1,2 d n

≤ 0,15 d n
≤ 0,05 d n

≤ 0,2 d n
≤ 0,05 d n

Notes:

2. In relation d" n/ d n< 1 линейные размеры относятся к стержню большего диаметра.

Table 7

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d" n/ d n

l 1

l 2

a - 10°

b 1

b 2

h 1

h 2

before welding

after welding

C8 - Mf,
S9 - MP,
C10 - Rv

A-I, A-II, A-III

20 - 40

0,5 - 1,0

5 - 15
3 - 10

8 - 20

≤ 0,15 d n

90°

40 - 50°

10 - 15°

20 - 25°

≤ 2 d n

≤ 25
≤ 15

≤ 0,15 d n
≤ 0,05 d n

Notes:
1. When welding with single-electrode and flux-cored wire, rods with a bevel of the lower rod should not be cut.
2. Use cutting with a reverse bevel of the lower rod when welding rods with a diameter of ≥ 32 mm .
3. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.
4. In relation d" n/ d n< 1 линейные размеры относятся к стержню большего диаметра.

Table 8

Notes:
1. In connections of type C13, cutting at angle a2 is not permitted.
2. The dimensions in the denominator refer to the connection in which the weld completely fills the cross-section of the double-row reinforcement.

Table 9

Designation of the type of connection of the welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	d" n/ d n	l 1	b	l n = l	b	H	h 1
	before welding	after welding
S14 - MP			A-I, A-II, A-III	20 - 40	0,5 - 1,0	8 - 12	≤ 10°	2 d n + l 1	(0,35 - 0,40) d n	≤ 1,2 d n + s	≤ 0,05 d n
C15 - Rs						12 - 15	-
C16 - Mo						10 - 20	≤ 10°	3 d n + l 1
S14 - MP S15 - Rs C16 - Mo			At-IIIC, At-IVC	20 - 32	0,5 - 1,0	Same values depending on welding method		4 d n + l 1

Notes:
1. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s= 6 mm,
d n = 28 - 40 mm s= 8 mm.
2. In relation d n/ d n = 0.5 - 0.8, an insert bracket should be used (see Appendix 3).

Table 10

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d" n/ d n

l 1

a - 10°

l n = l

h 1

before welding

after welding

S17 - MP

A-I, A-II, A-III

20 - 40

0,5 - 1,0

6 - 8

90°

30 - 40°

≤ 0,15 d n

2 d n + l 1

(0,35 - 0,40) d n

≤ 1,2 d n + s

≤ 0,05 d n

C18 - Mo

3 d n + l 1

S19 - Rm

2 d n + l 1

S17 - Mn, S18 - Mo, S19 - Rm

At-IIIC, At-IVC

20 - 32

0,5 - 1,0

4 d n + l 1

Notes:
1. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s= 6 mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s= 8 mm.
2. See note 2 to table. 9.

Table 11

Table 12

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	l n = l	l 1	b	h
	before welding	after welding
S21 - rn			A-I	10 - 40	6 d n	0,5 d n, but ≥ 10	0,5 d n, but ≥ 8	0,5 d n, but ≥ 4
			A-II, A-III		8 d n
	The same, but the pads are shifted		A-IV	10 - 32	10 d n
			A-V
			A-VI	10 - 22
			at-iii	6 - 32	8 d n
			at-ivc, at-v, at-vck	10 - 32	10 d n

Notes:
1. Connections of reinforcement of classes A-IV, A-V, A-VI, at-vck, at-v should be made with offset overlays, applying seams in a checkerboard pattern.
2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO2); the latter except for steel classes A-II and at-iiic.
3. Double-sided seams with a length of 4 are allowed d n for reinforcement connections of classes A-I, A-II, A-III.
4. At-v class reinforcement connections are allowed only from steel grade 20GS.

Table 13

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	l n	l 3	l 4	b	h
	before welding	after welding
S22 - Ru	See C21, but the pads are displaced		At-V	14	28,5d n	5,0d n	7,0d n	0,5 d n, but ≥ 8	0,25 d n, but ≥ 4
				16	26,5d n
				18	24,5d n
				20, 22	21,5d n	4,5 d n	6,5d n
				25, 28	21,0d n		6,0d n
			At-VI	14	34,5d n	5,5d n	8,5d n
				16	29,5d n		7,5d n
				18	25,5d n
				20, 22
				25, 28	25,0d n		7,0d n

Table 14

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	l = l n	b	h
	before welding	after welding
S23 - Re			A-I	10 - 40	6d n	0,5 d n, but ≥ 8	0,25 d n, but ≥ 4
			A-II, A-III	10 - 25	8d n
			at-iiic	10 - 18
			at-ivc	10 - 18	10d n

Notes:
1. Double-sided seams with a length of 4 are allowed d n for connections of reinforcement of classes A-I and A-II (made of steel grade 10GT).
2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO2); the latter except for reinforcement of classes A-II and at-iiic (made of steel grade St5).

Table 15

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d" n/ d n

l 1

l n =l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

S24 - Mf
S25 - MP
S26 - RS

A-I, A-II, A-III

20 - 40

0,5 - 1,0

12 - 20
12 - 16

5 - 10°

2 d n + l 1

≤ 1,5d n
≤ 1,2d n

≤ 0,15 d n
≤ 0,05 d n

d n/2 + s

≥ 0,8 s

S24 - Mf
S25 - MP
S26 - RS

At-IIIC, at-ivc

20 - 32

4 d n + l 1

Notes:
1. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.
2. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s= 8 mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s= 10 mm.

Table 16

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

d n

d" n/ d n

l 1

a- 10°

l n = l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

S27 - Mf
S28 - MP
S29 - Rs

A-I, A-II, A-III

20 - 40

0,5 - 1,0

5 - 15
3 - 10

≤ 0,15 d n

40 - 50°

90°

2 d n + l 1

≤ 25
≤ 15

d n/2 + s

≤ 2 d n

≥ 0,8 s

S27 - Mf
S28 - MP
S29 - Rs

At-IIIC, At-IVC

20 - 32

4 d n + l 1

Notes:
1. Dimensions in the denominator refer to single-electrode welding.
2. For d n = 20 - 25 mm s= 8 mm, for d n = 28 - 40 mm s= 10 mm.
3. See note 2 to table. 9.

Table 17

Designation of connection type, welding method

Reinforcement connection

Reinforcement class

l 1

a- 10°

l n = l w

h 1

before welding

after welding

S30 - Mf
S31 - MP
S32 - RS

A-III

32 - 40

12 - 18

90°

12 - 15°

3 d n + l 1

≤ 1,3 d n

(0,1 - 0,15) d n

d n/2 + s

≥ 0,8 s

Table 18

Designation of connection type, welding method	Reinforcement connection		Reinforcement class	d n	s	l n = l w	b	h
	before welding	after welding
h2 - Рш			A-I	10 - 40	≥ 0,3d n, but ≥ 4	3d n	0,5 d n, but ≥ 8	0,25 d n, but ≥ 4
			A-II, A-III			4d n
			A-IV	10 - 22	≥ 0,4d n, but ≥ 5	5d n
			A-V	10 - 32
			A-VI	10 - 22
			at-iIIc	10 - 32	≥ 0,3d n, but ≥ 4	4d n
			at-ivc, at-v, at-vck		≥ 0,4 d n, but ≥ 5	5d n

Notes:
1. Connections for reinforcement of classes At-V are allowed only from steel grade 20GS.
2. It is allowed to use welding with self-shielding flux-cored wires and in carbon dioxide (CO2); the latter except for reinforcement of classes A-II and at-iiic (made of steel grade St5).

Table 19

Designation of connection type, welding method			Reinforcement class	d n	R	k	n	m	k 1	s	a±3°
	before welding	after welding
H2 - Kr			A-I	6 - 16	1,4 d n	0,4 d n	1,8 d n	n + 10	(0,10 - 0,15)d n	≥ 0,3d n, but not less than 4	90°
			A-II	10 - 16
			A-III, At-IIIC	6 - 16	1,6 d n		2,0 d n

Table 20

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	R	k	n	m	k 1	s	a±3°
	before welding	after welding
H3 - Kp			A-I, A-II	12 - 16	1,4 d n	0,4 d n	1,8d n	n + 10	(0,10 - 0,15)d n	≥ 0,3d n, but not less than 4	90°
			A-III, at-iiic		1,6 d n		2,0 d n

Table 21

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	R	k	D	m	k 1	s	a±3°
	before welding	after welding
H4 - Ka			A-I	8 - 16	1,4d n	0,35d n	1,7d n	1,8d n	(0,1 - 0,15)d n	4 - 6	90°
			A-II	10 - 16
			A-III	8 - 16	1,6d n	0,40d n	1,8d n	1,9d n

Table 22

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	s	D	g	b	s/d n	a
	before welding	after welding
T1 - Mf T2 - Russia			A-I	8 - 40	≥ 4	(1,5 - 2,5)d n	3 - 10	≤ 15°	≥ 0,50	85 - 90°
			A-II	10 - 25					≥ 0,55
				28 - 40					≥ 0,70
			A-III	8 - 25	≥ 6				≥ 0,65
				28 - 40					≥ 0,75
			At-IIIC	10 - 18					≥ 0,65

Note. Connections of type T2 from at-iiic class reinforcement can be made up to a diameter of 14 mm.

Table 23

Designation of connection type, welding method

Connection of reinforcement to plate

Reinforcement class

d n

s/d n

D p

before welding

after welding

T3 - Mf

A-I

8 - 25

≥ 4

(1,5 - 2,5)d n

5 - 15

≤ 15°

≥ 0,4

85 - 90°

0,4d n

(2,0 - 2,5)d n

(2,0 - 2,5)d n - s

A-II

10 - 25

A-III

8 - 25

≥ 6

≥ 0,5

At-IIIC

8 - 14

Table 24

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	s	D	g	D p	R	s/d n	k
	before welding	after welding
T6 - Ks			A-I	6 - 20	≥ 4	1,4 d n	≥ 0,2 d n	2,0d n	2,0 d n	≥ 0,4	0,5 d n
			A-II	10 - 20		1,5d n		2,2d n	2,2 d n		0,6d n
			A-III	6 - 20	≥ 6	1,6 d n				≥ 0,5	0,7 d n

Table 25

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	s	D	b	s/d n	a
	before welding	after welding
T7 - Ko			A-I, A-II	10 - 20	≥ 4	≥ l.2 d n	≤ 15°	≥ 0,4	85 - 90°
			A-II, A-III		≥ 6	≥ 1,3d n		≥ 0,5
				22 - 40	≥ 12
			At-IIIC	10 - 22	≥ 6

Table 26

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	s	D O	k	h St.	d o	s/d n
	before welding	after welding
T8 - Mv T9 - Rv			A-I	10 - 36	≥ 4	2d n	0,5 d n + 0.8 s	0,5 d n	d 1 + (l - 3)	≥ 0,3
			A-II				0,6 d n + 0.8 s	0,6d n
			A-III				0,7 d n + 0.8 s	0,7d n
			at-iiic	10 - 22

Table 27

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	s	d O	D o	s/d n	h 1	h 2	D
	before welding	after welding
T10 - Ms			A-I, A-II, A-III, at-iiic	12	≥ 8	d 1 + 2	d 0 + 10	≥ 0,5	0 - 1	4 - 5	22 - 26
				14							26 - 30
				16							28 - 32
T11 - MC				18	≥ 10				0 - 2	5 - 6	30 - 35
				20							35 - 42
				22	≥ 12						38 - 44
				25							46 - 48

Notes:
1. AT-IIIC class fittings can be used with a diameter of up to 18 mm.
2. For fittings of classes A-III and at-iiic the value s/d n≥ 0.55.

Table 28

Designation of connection type, welding method

Connection of reinforcement to plate

Reinforcement class

d n

d o±2

z at

a±5°

s/d n

h 1

h 2 at d n ≥ 12±1

before welding

after welding

s = 6 - 7

s = 8 - 26

T12 - Rz

A-I

8 - 40

≥ 6

d 1 + 2

1 - 2

2 - 3

50°

≥ 0,50

≤ 2

A-II

10 - 40

≥ 8

≥ 0,65

A-III

8 - 40

≥ 6

≥ 0,75

At-IIIC

8 - 18

≥ 8

* At d n≤12 mm it is allowed to make connections without a weld seam.

Table 29

Designation of connection type, welding method	Connection of reinforcement to plate		Reinforcement class	d n	l	l 1	c	c 1	h 1	a	s/d n
	before welding	after welding
T13 - Ri			A-I, A-II, A-III	16	≤ d n	10 - 14	30	24	2 - 3	15 - 20°	≥ 0,5
				18			32	27
				20		12 - 16	34	29
				22	≤ 0,8 d n		38	31
				25			41	33
				28			44	38
				32	≤ 0,5 d n		52	44
				36			57	47
				40			61	52

ANNEX 1

Mandatory

TERMS AND EXPLANATIONS

Table 30

Term	Explanation
Bath welding	A process in which the melting of the ends of the joined rods occurs mainly due to the heat of the molten metal bath
Bathroom mechanized welding	A welding process in which the filler wire is fed into the welding zone automatically and the arc or holder is controlled manually
Bath single-electrode welding	A welding process in which electrode material in the form of a single (piece) electrode is manually fed into the welding zone
Mechanized arc welding with flux-cored wire	A welding process in which electrode material in the form of flux-cored wire is fed automatically into the welding zone
Inventory form	A reusable device (copper, graphite) that ensures the formation of deposited metal during welding and easy removal after welding
Steel bracket	An auxiliary element that ensures the formation of a weld seam, which is an integral part of the connection and absorbs part of the load when the connection operates in the structure
Cross connection	Connection of rods welded at the intersection
Draft ( h, mm) rods in cross-shaped connections	The amount of pressing of the rods into each other in the area heated during resistance welding to a plastic state
Combined load-bearing and forming elements	Elements consisting of the remaining steel half-bracket and the inventory copper half-mold
Mechanized submerged arc welding without filler metal	A process in which the entire welding cycle is carried out in a predetermined automatic mode
Manual arc welding with low mechanization submerged arc without filler metal	A process in which auxiliary operations are partially mechanized and the entire welding cycle is performed manually

APPENDIX 2

Information

ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE QUALITY OF WELDED JOINTS

A comprehensive assessment in points of the performance qualities of welded joints (strength, ductility, impact strength, metallographic factors, etc.) depending on the type of joint and welding method, steel grade and reinforcement diameter, as well as operating (manufacturing) temperature under static loads is given in Table . 31. When assessing performance under repeated loads, the point values should be approximately reduced by one compared to the accepted values under static loads. In this case, you should additionally use regulatory documents for the design of reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures for various purposes.

Points for welded connections of reinforcement are assigned based on the condition of compliance with the regulated technology for the manufacture of reinforcement and embedded products. For welded joints of hot-rolled reinforcing steel: