Wood products are very popular. However, like other materials, wood is a favorite habitat for mold, fungi and harmful insects. To increase the service life of the product from tree species Protective coatings are used - stains, which not only have an antiseptic effect, but can also add color to the wood.
Peculiarities
Wooden products are strong and durable, but at the same time they are susceptible to adverse natural factors. On the market today building materials presented a huge variety special means, with which you can protect the wooden surface from possible damage. The most popular and accessible means is a stain. Many people know it as a substance that changes the color of a product. But this product has many other wonderful properties.
The main difference between stains and paint coatings is that The components of the stain color the wood from the inside, while preserving the design of the product. And when painted with paint or enamel, an opaque film is formed on the surface of the product.
The properties of stains directly depend on their component composition. Even if you treat the surface yourself, this product will have certain beneficial properties.
Basic properties of stains:
- changing the color and texture of wood, while the patterns are not completely painted over, but the product acquires an interesting shade;
- protection of home furniture from pests and rotting without changing the texture and pattern;
- increase in service life wooden products several times, while the product costs much less than varnish or paint;
- deep penetration into the structure of the tree;
- products made from inexpensive wood species coated with stain will look more expensive and more refined;
- lightening the wood - this property is usually used before painting the surface;
- moisture-proof function;
- possibility of combining colors.
However, not all stains have these properties. In order to choose the right product for repair and construction, you need to study the composition and instructions for use. Stain can be used to treat not only wooden surfaces, but also chipboard, plywood, and parquet.
Kinds
U different manufacturers stains differ in base. Each composition has its own advantages and disadvantages, so you need to choose a stain based on the desired results and timing.
Water stain
Water-based stain is usually sold ready-to-use. It comes in liquid and powder form, which is pre-dissolved in water before application. The final shade depends on percentage powder and liquid. Before treating the surface, the composition is filtered to remove undissolved particles.
The main advantage of stains on water based is that they do not emit a specific odor, so they are usually used for treating interior spaces.
The water-based composition emphasizes the advantages of wood, hiding fiber defects. This stain dries in about 14 hours.
The disadvantages include the appearance of roughness on the surface after treatment; as a result, the wood is more susceptible to high humidity. To fix this problem you need to:
- sand the treated surface after the impregnation has completely dried;
- Spray the surface with water and leave for a while, then you can apply the composition.
Alcohol and nitromortars
Alcohol or solvent is added to the impregnation composition. They are sold in ready-made liquid or powder form, which must be dissolved before use.
After processing, the coloring components are absorbed into the wood, only the alcohol evaporates. Therefore, the stain dries in no more than half an hour. The rapid drying of the composition allows for rapid application to wood to avoid the appearance of unevenness and stains on the surface. It is not very convenient to apply alcohol stain by hand, so it is recommended to use a special solvent.
Oil stain
Oil stain is a composition using special oils. Thanks to them, this type of coating is considered the most environmentally friendly, as it does not emit harmful impurities. environment. Therefore, it is widely used to protect wooden furniture.
Advantages of oil stains:
- quick drying - about 3 hours;
- deep impregnation of wood;
- reliable protection against moisture;
- durable color of treated wood for many years.
Acrylic stain
Acrylic stain is produced in liquid form. A varied palette of shades allows you to obtain any desired impregnation tone. Acrylic composition does not have the disadvantages of other types of stains, therefore it is considered the most expensive option. Main advantages:
- quick drying;
- without smell;
- without toxic releases into the environment;
- smooth surface coating;
- reliable protection of wood from high humidity.
Wax stain
Wax stains have appeared relatively recently in the field of protection wooden materials. Impregnation is a non-aqueous composition, which, without penetrating into the wood, forms on it protective film. Therefore, wax compositions are most often used for outdoor work. They are painted as a base for paintwork.
To use this stain, you need a dry, soft cloth. Thus, during processing, the appearance of stains and a decrease in moisture resistance are eliminated.
Consumption
Since stain has good absorption capacity, when calculating consumption, the degree of porosity of the material should be taken into account. On average, 15 sq. m, one liter of impregnation is consumed. You also need to know that impregnation stains different wood differently. For example, an oak staircase after treatment with stain will acquire a dark brown color. At the same time, the pine or maple surface will turn yellow.
Conifers do not absorb stain very well. To avoid uneven coloring, you will have to impregnate them in several layers, as a result of which the material consumption will double. Therefore, it is recommended to remove tree resin from the base of the part in advance.
Colors
Wood stain has not only protective function, but also gives the surface noble shade. Since the structure of wood is heterogeneous, some areas are impregnated with the composition less, while others - to a greater extent, due to which, after the composition dries, the natural patterns of the wood are emphasized on the surface.
Today, stain can color wood products in any shade, but the most common is the “wood” color scheme. Their name corresponds to a specific type of wood. If the shade you like is not on the shelves, you can get it yourself by mixing several shades.
When choosing protective agent In a specialized store, you need to ask the seller for samples of the product coated with one or another shade of stain. Since every manufacturer produces different shades impregnation with the same name, it is necessary to examine in detail the provided wood samples.
The saturation of the shade directly depends on the type of wood, the original shade, porosity, texture and density. If coniferous trees They don’t “absorb” stain very well due to the presence of resins, so hardwoods are soaked to the maximum. For example, if you impregnate mahogany and maple, the former will have a much darker shade.
To give wood products a light shade, they do not necessarily need to be painted. The most the best option will become a brightening impregnation that will brighten the surface and also emphasize the structure.
If there is a high probability of moisture getting on the bleached product, then it is best to opt for wax, oil or acrylic types of impregnation. If water will not get on the products being processed, then water impregnation will do.
Besides everything, Lightening stain allows you to get an antique interior. To do this, after painting with white water stain, treat the surface with a stiff brush. After painting with water stain, you should not forget about the need for additional surface treatment with wax or oil stain.
Light shades of stains do not always produce rich colors. There are also colorless types of impregnations that are necessary to protect wooden products from the effects of adverse environmental conditions.
Gray shades will help avoid furniture from standing out general interior. This color is recommended to be used only in cases where walls and textiles are made in light colors. Grey colour causes melancholy, in addition, a tree in a gray shade will look dull and faded.
Psychologists say that the most suitable option for everyone is green stain, since it is the one that evokes positive feelings. All shades of green will become excellent option for processing any interior items. Blue stains will help make individual products more expressive, especially in combination with white and yellow shades.
Manufacturers
To date, manufacturers protective coatings There are a lot for wood. Among them, German enterprises are considered popular Flamingo, Dufa and Caparol. Turkish manufacturers are also no less famous: Betek, Dyo and Marshal. They have an impeccable reputation in the wood materials industry. Relatively recently, Slovenian enterprises for the production of protective materials appeared - Hellios and Belinka Belles D.O.O., however, they have already gained respect among many buyers.
Domestic company "Novbytkhim", since 1994, has been producing a wide range of products.
The company has excellent potential, thanks to which customers can expect the emergence of increasingly innovative materials that will be in demand both in a professional environment and for independent work.
No less popular products famous manufacturer Liberon. The company was founded in the 19th century and specialized only in the production of paints and varnishes. The company currently produces materials for wood protection, paints and varnishes, tinting. The company's products only have good reviews, so the manufacturer has gained a reputation as a reliable manufacturer. Among the rich assortment, we can highlight the most popular products: fillers, wax materials, protective stains.
The method of application depends on the type of stain and the size of the product. For these purposes, use a swab, brush or paint spray. To treat a large surface, it is not recommended to use a brush, as there is a high probability that traces of its bristles will remain, and it will also take a lot of time to process.
It is more convenient to work with a large area using a sprayer. To do this, you need to choose an impregnation of a lighter shade, since the applied layer will be thicker than usual. When starting work, do not forget to cover the untreated surfaces with film.
For processing oil products It's better to use a tampon. You can make it yourself using foam rubber or cotton wool wrapped in cotton material.
If you still want to apply the composition with a brush, then for water- and alcohol-based stains you need to choose a brush with synthetic bristles. You only need to buy quality tool, which will not leave lint on the wood.
After selecting the appropriate shade and tool, it is necessary to carry out a test painting. This is done in order to to find out required amount layers of stain to obtain a specific shade. To do this you need:
The stain is applied to an uncoated wooden surface: it can be a completely new product or a part from which the previous coating has been removed.
Dry wood needs sanding sandpaper. While working, you cannot press hard on the wood; you only need to move along the grain. This will avoid the appearance of small defects on the surface. If before painting they are almost invisible, then after treatment with impregnation the defects will be greatly emphasized. The sanding process takes about 30 minutes, this is enough to obtain a smooth surface and open the pores for the stain to penetrate.
After sanding, it is necessary to remove fibers and dust from the product with a vacuum cleaner. Using white spirit or gasoline, degrease the surface of the part. At the end, you should spray the wood with water, so the impregnation will apply correctly. To ensure uniform mixing of the contents, the jars are thoroughly shaken. Then you need to heat the stain until average temperature body, so the composition penetrates deeper into the structure of the wood, then moisten the brush or swab for painting in the impregnation. For a sprayer, pour the stain into a special container.
During processing of vertical products, they move from bottom to top. If the composition drains, the smudges will remain almost invisible. To process horizontally, move the brush along the fibers, then across, and then again along. It is important to distribute the stain carefully and ensure even application. To avoid streaks, apply the composition as quickly as possible. Before applying the second layer of stain, it is imperative that the initial layer dry completely.
After the composition has completely dried on the surface, the final wood processing process is carried out. Washing removes excess impregnation that remains without being absorbed into the surface. After this process, the product looks different: shine and texture appear. Washing is carried out with acetone using a volumetric brush as follows:
- tilt the product slightly; Share with your friends
Oil stain is an inexpensive caustic liquid that is applied to treated wood for the purpose of subsequent painting. Stains are used for tinting various types of wood, parquet, solid wood, cabinets, antiques, furniture, lining and other wooden surfaces. They are also applied to plastic and steel substrates. Oil stain is sold in several color shades. The most popular among consumers is black wood stain.
Properties:
- is resistant to ultraviolet radiation;
- emphasizes the structure of wood;
- gives the surface a decorative shade;
- reduces cracking and increases the strength of the material.
Before applying oil stain, it is necessary to prepare the surface - it must be clean, dry, without the presence of oil stains, grease or wax. Oil stain for wood is evenly applied to the surface using a brush, roller or spray gun. Excess and smudges are removed with a dry cloth. The surface painted with stain is ready for further processing the next day after completion of work.
Modern construction hypermarkets sell both gel and oil stains. Buy wood stain at best price You can get delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region in the Master Tibot online store. You can find out the cost of the selected product in our paint and varnish coating store. Products are sold wholesale and retail.
Wood wax and special oil help create a protective layer and get rid of many problems associated with wood damage; wood staining is also widely used. Proper processing wood waxing can be done at home. We will try to clearly tell you how to coat wood with wax, oil and stain.
In what cases is it necessary to coat wood with stain?
Stain and protective compounds(impregnation) for wood are used in the same way as if you just wanted to paint it. You should apply the coating to the prepared wood quickly, but in order to get an even coat on smooth wood, you will need to do it very carefully. You must cover each surface continuously, otherwise, if the stain or impregnation on this area dries earlier than on the adjacent one, you will get a noticeable seam in this place.
Apply stain in the direction of the wood grain. Try not to put too much product on the brush and spread out any stray drips before they dry.
Be sure to finish one section before starting the next. At the junctions of two sections, make sure that the applied layers do not overlap. Coating wood with stain is a rather complex technological process. Practice first on an inconspicuous area of wood.
Processing wood with wax - waxing
Wood wax is successfully applied to surfaces with a piece of cloth, but some types of this material require application with a brush. Repeated application and polishing creates depth of color and shine. Wax for waxing wood does not have to be applied in the direction of the grain, but this method is still the most effective when finishing wooden surfaces.
Take some wax from the container in a piece soft fabric and rub it into the wood until there are no particles of finishing material left on the surface to be treated. Let the wax dry but not harden. Polish the wood with a clean cloth to ensure a smooth finish. Coating wood with wax can be repeated periodically.
Impregnation of wood with oil
Impregnation of wood with oil is necessary to give it protective properties. For all antiseptic oils it is assumed similar technique applications. Tung oil is good for countertops and other surfaces that are in food preparation areas as it is non-toxic. Danish and teak oils are commonly used on hardwood, especially outdoor furniture; teak oil is famous for the gloss it imparts. If you choose traditional linseed oil, we recommend using boiled or double boiled as they dry faster and are not as sticky as raw.
Apply the oil liberally in the direction of the grain, rubbing it in lightly with a soft brush to ensure full coverage and penetration into the surface. Let the oil soak in a little and then remove the excess with a piece of cloth. Leave the treated wood for half an hour (unless otherwise specified by the oil manufacturer), then polish the surface with a dry cloth.
Varnish or stain treatment
Varnish, like stain, must be applied along the grain of the wood, although with this material you should not be too concerned about the accuracy of application. Since most polishes are completely clear, it's easy to miss untreated areas during application. To ensure overall surface coverage, the work area should be well lit and the treated areas should be inspected regularly. You should move on to the next section after finishing the previous one. Work the brush smoothly to ensure an even layer of varnish.
Wipe off the first coat of varnish, as some types of varnish, especially water-based ones, tend to bleed along the grain of the wood. Wipe the surface with a damp cloth to remove dust and allow the varnish to dry before applying the next coat.
Subtleties of using paint on wood
If you are going to mix paints to obtain the desired shade, make sure that all paints have the same base - oil or water. Painted wood requires a protective layer to be applied on top, such as wax or varnish. Paint should be applied along the grain of the wood. Keep the area you are currently working on damp and do not allow it to overlap with areas that are drying. Cover the painted surface with a protective layer. Before doing so, check the manufacturer's specifications to determine compatibility. finishing materials.
Treatment of external surfaces
Painting exterior wood surfaces is only required occasionally and rarely. One single layer, updated every one to two years, will preserve the tree and provide acceptable appearance. Once a year, lightly strip and wipe off the old varnish and then apply a new coat of paint. External hardwood surfaces will deteriorate slightly faster even if they are treated with teak or Danish oil. Although the wood remains protected, manufacturers usually recommend re-oiling it every year.
Wood, even after the advent of metal and various modern synthetic materials for construction, remains popular and in demand, as it is a high-quality and environmentally friendly raw material. And thanks to the huge selection of all kinds paint and varnish compositions, such as wood stain, it became possible to significantly improve the appearance of wood products, and, importantly, extend their service life.
Peculiarities
Under the influence of aggressive factors external environment, including various types of bacteria, mold and insect pests, the wood can become deformed and begin to rot. In order to minimize the risk of such problems, it is very important to take care of the wood in a timely manner. Most effective option combating such circumstances is considered a wood stain. The product is a liquid composition that sets it the desired tone from a mass of color and shade options. This allows you to refine the natural color of the wood or radically change it.
Besides aesthetic functions, main feature The composition has antiseptic properties. Thanks to the use of the product, the wood will last you twice as long.
Another feature of almost all types of stains is the ability to penetrate deep into the wood without harming the pattern and texture, unlike enamel or paint.
Coating wood with stain has some advantages:
- possibility of combination various shades colors;
- strengthening and preserving the structure of the tree;
- the service life of products increases;
- the wood's resistance to moisture increases.
Stain is not only a varnish for wood; thanks to its use, you can create unique interior indoors or completely transform, at first glance, ordinary interior items or furniture.
The following liquids are used as the basis for the production of stains: oil, water or alcohol. This division allows us to distinguish several types of this composition.
Kinds
There are 2 types of the product - aqueous and non-aqueous (oil and alcohol) stain.
Water based stain It is offered by manufacturers in a ready-to-use state or as a powder (dry mixture). This type of composition is used most often because it has a very diverse color scheme. The color of powder stain can be easily adjusted; it directly depends on the amount of granular substance, that is, the more of it, the richer and brighter the result will be.
The water-based composition has the advantage: no bad smell, thanks to this, the stain can be used indoors. The disadvantages of this type include the ability of the product to lift fibers during surface treatment. Due to this, the moisture resistance of the wood is reduced. The time required for the stain to dry completely varies between 10-14 hours, which can also be attributed to the disadvantages of the type of composition.
The technology of working with water-based stain requires first wetting the wooden surface, then sanding it. The composition is filtered before use. Only after completing these preparatory work you can paint wood. It is not advisable to use this product on resinous woods.
Oil formulations include dyes dissolved in drying oils or oils. You can work with this type of impregnation with any tool. The product does not lift the fibers of the raw material and does not allow it to become saturated excess moisture. Using a similar composition, you can get any color and shade, additionally using dyes. They are available in powder form; white spirit is used for dilution.
According to experts, oil stain is the simplest and most convenient to use. Oil-based impregnation is very popular among decorators and decorators due to the ability to obtain the desired color.
The advantages of oil stain include its environmental friendliness, since the most common base for it is linseed oil. It takes about 2 hours for the surface to dry completely. The composition does not leave stains.
Alcohol based stain is a dissolved aniline dye. Impregnation is available in finished or powder form. The main task of the composition is to protect wood from the destructive effects of moisture and ultraviolet radiation.
The main advantage of alcohol stain is its ability to instantly absorb into the wood fibers. The composition dries on the surface in 30-40 minutes.
The disadvantages include the fact that it will not be possible to apply the composition to wood manually, since the alcohol will evaporate very quickly, which can lead to stains. For work it is better to use a spray gun.
Along with the above types of wood stains, the assortment of construction supermarkets began to new products. Modern technologies allowed manufacturers to offer consumers water-based acrylic impregnation, as well as a wax composition. New products were developed to eliminate the main disadvantages of existing formulations.
These products adhere well to the surface and are most often used for painting and treating floors.
Wax stain restore old ones wood coverings, it perfectly covers color inconsistencies. In addition to the above characteristics, positive qualities modern compositions Their excellent moisture-proof properties can be attributed. However, such products are very vulnerable to mechanical damage, so they should be varnished. Acrylic and wax liquids are available in a wide variety of colors. They highlight the wood structure well.
The disadvantages of acrylic stains include their high cost, as well as the possible formation of stains on the surface when applying two or more layers.
The main disadvantage wax compositions it is believed that they are not able to penetrate deep into wood. The product only forms a protective layer on top of the material. This composition should not be used before treating wood with two-component varnishes or polyurethane.
Since the composition perfectly preserves the texture of wood and protects against negative influence many external factors, thereby extending its service life, the answer to the question of what is worth purchasing – varnish or stain – becomes obvious.
Color spectrum
TO alternative types stains can be attributed to the white composition. This product is the most environmentally friendly and inexpensive. Along with this, white stain is available in a wide variety of natural shades.
Today, a range of similar products for coating and painting wooden surfaces can satisfy the needs of every customer. Such products allow the craftsman to give the wood almost any color. Recently, black stain has been in demand among specialists, which gives the treated surface the appearance of a black mirror. The technology for applying the black composition requires preliminary polishing of the base.
Shades of gray will help the surface blend harmoniously into the interior of any room. However, the use of this color will be successful only if the walls and interior items in the room are bright. Gray color can cause apathy, and products painted in this color will be lost against the background of the rest of the decoration.
According to psychologists, the most optimal color for humans is green. It evokes positive emotions and is suitable for painting walls and ceilings, as well as furniture and other things.
The blue color gives expressiveness and depth to the processed product. A stain of this color will go well with white and yellow tones.
In addition to multi-colored compounds, there is a colorless impregnation on store shelves, which makes it possible to preserve the natural color of the material.
The final color of the wood depends on the number of layers applied., therefore, experts advise making a final decision only after a test staining. The material for test painting is sanded and cleaned. Next, proceed to applying the first layer of the composition. After it has completely dried, a second layer is applied, but to a smaller area. The third layer is used to process the material on a section of wood that will be even smaller than the space allocated for the two previous layers of stain.
When all areas are completely dry, comparing the results obtained, you can choose the color you like.
Manufacturers: review and reviews
Today, the paint and varnish market offers products from foreign and domestic manufacturers.
"NovBytKhim" I is a company that specializes in the production of construction and household chemicals. The range of produced compositions includes various varnishes, paints, decorative materials, as well as stains on different bases.
According to most buyers, wood compositions from the NovBytKhim company for processing and painting wooden products have a strong odor, but do an excellent job and also dry quickly. Therefore, painting work must be carried out as quickly as possible. The composition applies quite smoothly, the color is uniform.
Trademark Liberon works as part of the V33 company, an international leader in the production of coatings and products for wooden surfaces. Products of this brand are popular all over the world because they are designed for wood care, as well as for restoration work with antique interior items and furniture.
French compositions for wood Liberon on the domestic market are represented by decorative and protective stains, wood fillers, and wax removers.
Consumers note some advantages of Liberon wood products:
- convenience and ease of application of the composition;
- no smell.
The disadvantages of such products include some discrepancy between the declared color and that indicated on the packaging.
Most famous German companies, which specialize in the production of wood products, are Flamingo, Dufa and Caparol companies.
Caparol has a separate line of products for protecting wooden surfaces.
No less popular products for caring for and painting wood are the compositions produced by Turkish companies. The leaders among them are Manufacturers Betek, Dyo, Marshall.
Specialists who deal repair work, note the high quality of German compositions for wood.
Only positive reviews have Turkish products for painting wooden surfaces.
Stains can also be classified according to their intended purpose - products for interior use and compositions for exterior use. The main and only criterion for their difference is the presence of a pigment in the composition of outdoor products, which provides protection against fading.
When choosing products, it would be useful to decide on the tool that will be used to treat the surface with the purchased composition. There are stains that can be used to cover wooden surface using a brush, for some you may need a spray gun.
For interior work, for example, if processing of furniture is required, it is better to give preference to wax or oil compounds. They contain almost no volatile compounds. Almost all stains are compatible with paint varnishes.
Alcohol-based products have their own characteristics. They are ideal for tinting furniture, wood products or doors. And for stairs or parquet, you should choose a different type of stain. Alcohol compositions must be applied to the surface with a spray gun, since any error or delay in work will be fraught with the formation of stains, as a result of which repair or construction works you'll have to start over again.
Wood stains, impregnations, and antiseptics are used to protect wood from negative external influences. Thanks to these compositions, it is possible to extend the life of structures and wood products and improve aesthetic characteristics.
What is wood antiseptic
Antiseptics are designed to fight fungus, insects and microbes. The fungus destroys the wood and turns it an unpleasant bluish-green, grey, white or black color. Mold that forms on the surface wooden structures and products, also does not add attractiveness to them.
Use of antiseptics - prophylactic to protect the tree, which helps protect the wood from the appearance of signs of biological damage. Antiseptics depending on chemical composition are divided into the following types:
- water-soluble - penetrate well into the wood structure, do not interfere with the penetration of air, are intended for internal use;
- based on organic solvents - moisture-resistant compositions of deep penetration. Scope of application: processing of external structures and interior work;
- oil-based - form a protective film on the surface that prevents the penetration of moisture necessary for the life of microorganisms and insects. Used for structures exposed to groundwater, moisture, precipitation. Usually have a pungent odor;
- combined - in addition to antiseptic properties, they have fire retardant properties, due to which they increase the fire resistance of wood or are able to paint the material in a certain color.
When choosing an antiseptic, it is necessary to take into account the location and operating characteristics of structures or products.
Using antiseptics for interior work
Organic and water-soluble antiseptics are used on internal surfaces; they dry quickly and do not contain substances harmful to human health. These compounds are durable and reliably protect against fungal or mold damage and insects. Application area: window frames, walls, flooring, joists, attic floors, stairs, etc.
Using antiseptics for external work
To protect external surfaces, it is better to use oil- and organic-based antiseptics. They form a protective film on the surface that is not destroyed by water, sun rays, blue stains and biological lesions. Hard-to-reach structures - joists, subfloors, interfloor and attic floors, lower crowns wooden houses must be handled with strong antiseptics with protection efficiency of more than 30 years. They penetrate deeply, are not washed out and have increased concentration active substances.
Preservative antiseptics
Separate attention should be paid to preservative antiseptics. They are used at construction stages, for example, during the procurement of material (brought and left until spring) or when work is temporarily suspended (shrinkage of the log house). Such compositions do not change the color and properties of the wood and effectively protect it for a long time.
Antiseptics can not only protect clean, uninfected lumber, but also combat the consequences of damage by microorganisms and insects. Used to treat affected surfaces special compounds, differing in their effectiveness, which is what you need to pay attention to when choosing an antiseptic.
When choosing an antiseptic, do not forget about the absorption parameters of a particular wood. There are three types:
- difficult to absorb (spruce, fir, beech, birch, oak, elm, ash)
- medium absorbent (alder, maple, aspen, larch, linden)
- easily absorbed (sapwood of birch, pine, beech)
What is wood stain
The most common types of wood in our country are spruce, pine and larch. They have an attractive texture, but the color palette does not suit everyone. Products made from mahogany, yew, oak, cherry or merbau look much more respectable. However, the cost of a cubic meter of this wood is much higher than the price of pine or spruce. You can give the fibers an attractive color using stain - a special tinting composition that penetrates deeply into the wood and emphasizes its texture.
There are water-based, alcohol-based, oil-based, acrylic and wax stains that differ in their properties and cost.
Water stains
Water-based compositions are the most affordable for the buyer; they are presented in a wide range of colors and are easy to apply. However water stains make wood more vulnerable to moisture, and they are recommended to be used only for interior work.
Alcohol stains
Alcohol stains have become widespread, they differ high speed drying and a variety of shades. Apply these compounds better with sprayers, since when brushing, uneven coloring of the fibers and the appearance of dark spots is possible.
Oil stains
Acrylic stains
Popularity acrylic stains is growing every year. When penetrating deeply, they do not lift the fibers, but form a protective hydrophobic film on the surface of the product. Acrylic stains are less susceptible to fading and are resistant to humid environment, have a wide color palette. The only drawback is their price.
Wax stains
Wax stains They are an environmentally friendly product; they can be used not only in residential premises, but also in steam rooms of baths and saunas. The color range of these compositions is small, but is constantly expanding due to the fashion in Europe for original finish linings. Wax stain is easily applied to the surface of wood, penetrates well into the fibers and reliably protects against high humidity. The only drawback is high price. Since natural raw materials for their production are much more expensive than synthetic solvents.
What are protective impregnations for wood?
Impregnations often include all compounds used for wood processing. This is not correct, since stains, primers and antiseptics are independent products. Impregnations are protective compounds that perform one specific task. According to this principle, they are classified into the following groups:
- waterproof - intended for structures in contact with water or located in rooms with high humidity. These compositions prevent the appearance of putrefactive foci and changes in geometric parameters, protect the tree from freezing;
- biocidal - protect wood from microorganisms;
- fire retardant - increase the degree of fire resistance of wood, help slow down the spread of flame.
When choosing a composition, it is necessary to take into account the absorbency of wood, the conditions of its operation and the period for which it is necessary to protect the structure from a negative factor.
Impregnations are produced colorless or imitating the color of expensive wood species. The composition can be based on water or an organic solvent, which allows you to select products for internal and external works. The duration of treatment effectiveness depends on the concentration of active substances. This must be taken into account when choosing compositions for structures located in hard-to-reach places.