How much power is needed for sewer heating? Installation of internal and external heating cable for sewer pipes. Carrying out internal installation work

To protect wastewater from freezing, there is a heating cable for sewer pipes. Sewer heating is necessary in situations where pipes have to be placed in unheated rooms, basements, ground levels of buildings.

Sometimes it is not possible to lay the system at the required depth, which makes the pipeline susceptible to the risk of freezing drains and the formation of an ice plug. In such cases, it is necessary to insulate the pipes. The best option is a heating cable for sewer pipes that solves the problem effectively and reliably. Let's take a closer look at this issue.

Which pipes need heating?

Please note that most sewer pipes do not require heating. If they are located inside a building, then, as a rule, they are not exposed to low temperatures. In addition, the system has a certain slope, thanks to which wastewater quickly passes into the collector and does not linger in the pipes. The temperature of the waste also plays a role - large volumes of water are most often warm, as they are discharged from the bathtub, obtained when washing dishes or doing laundry.

Sewer heating is only necessary in certain cases:

for the external part of the system, ensuring the flow of wastewater to the collector or treatment plant;
pipelines through which clarified wastewater passes to filtration fields or discharged into filtration wells;
for pipelines supplying water to the flushing filters of septic tanks or treatment plants.

The main problem is the difficulty of determining the degree of risk for a particular section of pipes. There are a lot of factors influencing the system, from the level of soil freezing in winter to the depth of soil water. An additional complication is the constant change in conditions and the emergence of new factors that create a threat of freezing for the sewer system. If the installation of the system is carried out correctly, in compliance with all SNiP requirements, there is nothing to fear. But it is not always possible to immerse the pipeline to the required depth - the hydrogeological conditions of the site or the presence of other communications may interfere, preventing the work from being carried out according to all technological rules. The way out is to heat the sewer pipes with a heating cable.

What is a heating cable

The heating cable is a long-length electric heating device tightly attached to the pipeline and laid together with it in a trench. Somewhat simplified, its design is a conductor that heats up when an electric current passes. The simplest options have a design common to the design of most heating devices.

Advantages and disadvantages of heating cable

The advantages of cable heating of sewerage include:

the ability to eliminate freezing and congestion within the system;
heating of pipelines allows reducing the volume of excavation work;
using a heating cable stabilizes operation sewer system a private home, which is not loaded as intensely as public lines and is more exposed to low temperatures;
Cable installation can be done with your own hands, without the involvement of expensive specialists.

The disadvantages of a heating cable are:

creating additional load on power grids;
the need to pay for used electricity;
low maintainability;
significant labor costs when installing a heating system;
the need to connect additional devices to ensure the operation of the heater.

The disadvantages are quite serious, and the main one is the load on the electrical network. Considering the general deterioration and dilapidation of the power supply system, the use of electrical appliances for heating sewer systems seems to be a somewhat irrational solution. However, in the absence of other methods of protecting pipelines, it is necessary to choose heated pipes for sewerage.

Types of heating cable

Exist different designs heating cable:

Resistive

The simplest design option. It has a strictly defined length and does not allow cutting or joining several pieces, since the resistance will either decrease too much, which will create emergency situation For electric wire and equipment, or will increase and sharply reduce the efficiency of the cable. There are designs with one and two conductors. The first option requires installation folded in half, since the ends must be connected at one point. The second type can be laid in any way you like, since the double conductor is one wire that simply goes to the end and comes back.

Resistive cable has a lot of disadvantages, but its attractiveness for the user lies in its low cost.

Zonal

The zonal design consists of a double insulated conductor, around which a heating nichrome thread is evenly wound. It is connected to conductors at regular intervals, which allows for corresponding heating zones. Such a system does not depend on the length of the circuit and can heat pipelines of any size. The use of a zonal type facilitates the installation of a heating cable on a sewer pipe and provides some advantages:

there are no starting currents;
if the nichrome thread is damaged in a separate section, the rest of the cable continues to work;
heating power does not depend on the length of the circuit;
characteristics do not change over time.

The disadvantages include the danger of local overheating of the cable section and the possibility of its damage during installation. The price of such a heater is slightly higher than that of resistive types, but significantly lower than that of self-regulating designs.

Self-regulating

The self-regulating cable consists of two conductors onto which a polymer heating matrix is pressed, protected by a double layer of internal insulation, a copper screen and an external protective insulating layer. The peculiarity of its operation is its ability to create its own temperature in different sections of the cable depending on external conditions. The lower the temperature, the stronger the heat release at a given point. A self-heating sewer cable represents the most effective solution to the problem of pipeline freezing, but its cost is significantly higher than that of simpler designs.

Heating film

In the most difficult cases use heating film. It wraps around the pipe, ensuring uniform heating of the entire surface. This allows you to get maximum efficiency heating, but significantly complicates and slows down installation work. At the same time, the film consumes much less electricity, which can significantly reduce costs. Considering that you have to install the system once, and pay for the resources used constantly, heating sewer pipes using film can be considered a very good option.

Which cable to choose?

The criteria for choosing one type of heater or another are:

size and configuration of the problem section of the pipeline;
line depth or conditions;
temperature operating conditions in winter;
cable cost;
possibility of repair or replacement.

As a rule, an element for heating sewer pipes is selected based on the totality of these conditions and requirements. It is very difficult to name the most successful option without knowing the specifics and configuration of the system. However, according to experts, resistive types are used less and less, and self-heating cable is used much more often, although it costs users much more.

Heating cable installation options

There are two cable placement options:

outside the pipe;
inside the pipeline.

Installing the heater outside the pipe is easier. It is usually attached along the pipeline or, if the length allows, wrapped around the pipe for greater uniformity. For fixing to the surface, use regular or metallized adhesive tape that is resistant to heat. A layer of insulation is put on top. The most correct option is a polystyrene or polyurethane foam shell, which is easy to install and effectively retains thermal energy.

Installing a heating element inside the pipeline allows you to obtain a significantly greater effect. It is used in cases where the system is located close to the surface of the earth or is even located in an open area. A self-regulating heating cable for sewerage inside a pipe allows you to reliably protect both conventional and stormwater systems, which remain practically unused during the cold season. The remaining wastewater freezes, is periodically replenished during warming periods, and ultimately forms an ice jam that can rupture the pipeline. However, the heater can only be installed in pipes of a sufficiently large diameter, otherwise it will cause frequent blockages and instead of benefit will only bring unnecessary worries.

DIY installation and connection of a heating cable

Installing a heating element is not particularly difficult. It is most convenient to carry out work during installation of the system, so that you do not have to dig up pipes that are already in use. If you plan to heat the system from the outside, before installing the insulation, lay a heater along the pipeline and secure it with tape. Installing a self-heating cable for sewerage inside a pipe is somewhat more difficult, since it is necessary to combine the installation of the system with the installation of the heater. It is important to bring the element all the way to the drain hole, which is an area exposed to cold.

The connections must be insulated with heat-shrinkable tubing, which is heated with a torch or a hair dryer. For entry, an oblique tee with a plug in which a hole is made is used. A heater is introduced through it, the outlet is filled with a heat insulator that is resistant to high temperatures. It is necessary to ensure that the heater sections do not intersect anywhere and are located evenly, without clusters or empty areas.

Detailed video review:

Everything useful about sewerage -

In cases where it is not possible to lay the pipe below the freezing level of the soil, there is a need to heat the sewer pipes. In addition, quite often in areas country houses it is necessary to lay communications above the ground. How to lay heated sewer pipes will be discussed in this article.

Types of pipes that should be heated

It may be necessary to heat the following sewer pipes:

external sewage systems - for draining wastewater to treatment plants or septic tanks;
pipes connecting the septic tank to drainage fields or a well for filtration;
for drainage of washing water from cleaning filters.

As a rule, insulation is carried out by wrapping it with thermal insulation, providing an air gap and other methods (more details: ""). The latest technologies can offer more convenient ways heating sewer pipes - with a heating cable, which can be laid both outside and inside the pipe. In addition, there are items on sale engineering communications, which already have a ready-made heating system. It's about about sandwich pipes and self-heating cables.

External heating systems

Due to the ease of installation and low cost, the film method of heating a sewer pipe with your own hands is considered quite popular. The installation process of such a system is very simple - wrap the pipes with film and secure it with tape or clamps.

But cable for heating sewer pipes from the inside and outside is still more popular, and every day the demand for it is growing more and more. This method involves laying cable along the entire length of the pipeline. After starting the system, it will be fully warmed up to the required temperature.

On this moment The following heating cables are manufactured:

Self-regulating. According to experts, this type of heating cable is the most effective and practical from an economic point of view. Its peculiarity lies in its operating mechanism. The fact is that similar products react to air temperature fluctuations. This means that as the temperature rises environment The cable resistance is significantly reduced, therefore, the current strength also weakens, which means the power also drops. The operating principle of the device is based on the formula P=U×I, where I is the current strength, U is the resistance, and P is the cable power. This mechanism allows you to significantly reduce energy costs and make them more reasonable. The heating cable production technology makes it possible to regulate the power on different sections of the pipeline, which is quite important due to the constant increase in electricity prices.
Resistive. Products of this type are characterized by stable resistance along the entire length of the laid line. Consequently, the amount of thermal energy released by such a cable is the same along any segment.
Zonal. In essence, such a cable works similarly to a resistive one, however, the generation of thermal energy occurs in specific zones. Thanks to this device, the zonal heating cable into the sewer pipe can be cut into pieces and the load can be distributed at your discretion.

By and large, all these cables work approximately the same; the only difference is in the features of their installation and use.

Resistive cables can differ in their structure:

Single core cable. As the name implies, it consists of a single core through which current passes. It is also a heating element and is protected by a layer of insulation, a braid of shielding material, and an outer shell. Cables of this type are laid in loops so that both ends converge in one place for connection to the network. Please note that single-core cable is not used for installation inside pipes. This is due to the fact that if cable sections are placed on top of each other, it can overheat and burn out.
Twin cable. In this case, one of the cores, the resistance of which is greater, serves heating element, and the second core only conducts current. Therefore, there is no need to lead both ends of the cable to one point; the return core serves for this purpose.

Please note that you need to choose one or another type of cable based on the expected operating conditions.

Internal heating of sewerage

It is worth noting that laying an internal heating cable for sewer pipes has some disadvantages:

internal section and throughput pipes are slightly reduced;
the risk of blockages increases;
the tightness of the finished pipeline deteriorates due to the need to install a tee;
For long-distance sewer systems, installation of an internal heating cable will involve significant financial and labor costs. Read also: "".

However, often the owners of houses in the private sector who equip their sewerage system with pipes are quite large section, they prefer to opt for the installation of an internal heating cable.

As a rule, such heating is used to service small sections of pipeline, for example, to protect street pumps from freezing in winter. According to the principle of operation, internal heating is practically no different from external heating.

Carrying out internal installation work

Often, internal heating of pipes is the only feasible solution. As a rule, these are drainage systems made from polyvinyl chloride, asbestos-cement or concrete pipes. That is, these are pipes with low thermal conductivity. Because of this property, the pipes are practically impossible to warm up from the outside. The cable is mounted into the pipe either along its entire length or at specified sections. In the latter case, often such a place is the passage of the system through the foundation.

After laying the cable, the risk of blockage during system operation increases due to the negative impact of wastewater inside the system. In order for the finished system to work for as long as possible, cable laying work must be carried out with the utmost responsibility and in compliance with all rules.

At the same time, so that during operation heated pipes do not cause various kinds of problems, it is important to follow a certain sequence.

The following stages of work can be distinguished:

Clean and dry the pipes.
Remove the sheath from the edges of the cable to a distance of about 5 cm.
Separate the wires and strip them about 4 cm.
Place heat shrink tubing onto the ends of the cable.
Warm up the tubes using a hair dryer.
Now strip the ends 5-6 cm.
Thread the braid into metal tube into the pipeline and secure.
Clean and separate the feed ends. The grounding wire is 8 cm, and the rest are 3.5 cm, no more.
Connect the power wires to the heating cable using electrical tape.
Connect the metal braid and insulate it as well.

If you are working with a fairly long piece of pipe, but there is no revision or tee, it is best to cut out part of it and make adjustments using an adapter - a compensating pipe. To feed the cable into the sewer pipe, you need to use a nipple coupling. This part needs to be secured to the plug, but if there is a revision, then to its cover.

It is worth noting that after connecting the self-regulating cable, its power in the first few minutes will be 3-5 times higher than declared. But after this, electricity consumption returns to normal.

Without sufficient heating equipment for sewer main pipes, problems will likely arise due to deterioration of the system in cold weather. At the same time, the fact that the heating cable runs on electricity cannot be used as a counterargument to the relevance of its use. In fact, you can purchase a ready-made kit, which will already contain not only a heating cable, but also thermostats and other control devices. Thanks to such accessories, you can monitor the temperature in the pipes, control electricity consumption and not worry about the serviceability of the sewer system in the winter cold.

The climatic conditions of our country are quite harsh; in winter the soil can freeze several meters. In the Arctic, permafrost does not thaw even in summer. works much more efficiently than heating main winding technology insulating materials or burying it below the freezing point. Let's consider what this product is, its design, types and installation procedure on drainage systems.

An electrical element is a flexible structure that generates heat under voltage due to the resistance of the metal. The degree of heating depends on the brand of the product and the current supplied to it.

The heating cable is designed to maintain a positive temperature in a sewer system laid above the freezing level of the soil or on its surface. Installation of this device requires additional financial expenses, but they pay off by reducing costs for excavation. In addition, the drains will be reliably protected from the cold even at extremely low air temperatures.

When is heating needed?

Power and duration

The power of the heating cable is measured in watts per linear meter at one o'clock. This indicator differs between resistive and self-regulating models. At a voltage of 220-240 volts and a maximum temperature of 90 ºС, the average line power is 18 watts. It is not difficult to calculate how much electricity will be required to heat a 15 m long pipeline (and this is exactly what should be minimum distance from the house to the septic tank).

Depending on the settings, electricity consumption will be 100-270 watts per hour.

Life time

The durability of the cable depends on the materials used in its manufacture and the intensity of use.

The service life of products is influenced by the correctness of their installation and the mechanical impact exerted during seasonal soil movements. Most famous manufacturers from Asian and European countries provide a 5-year warranty on their products. At the same time, the estimated service life is 15-20 years.

Make it yourself or buy it

In the presence of special education and experience working with electricity, you can make a heating cable yourself. For this, low-power spirals and wires are used. Metal insulation is carried out using heat shrink tubing. Ready product may be no worse than industrially produced analogues.

However, the time and money spent on purchasing materials may not bring tangible benefits and savings.

Professionals recommend choosing products with such power that will ensure high-quality heating of the main line when the temperature drops critically. If it is possible to continuously monitor the condition of the cable, then it is advisable to choose a resistive option.

When the system operates in autonomous mode, it is better to install a self-regulating device from inside the highway.

Do-it-yourself cable making and installation

The best option for making homemade heating systems is to use a P-274 communication cable or its analogues. These products consist of copper wires and durable insulation, resistant to moisture and mechanical stress. The wire is supplied with a direct current of 6-27 volts. Parameters are changed using a manual or automatic regulator adjusted to temperature changes.

Drawing and diagrams

The drawing is drawn up to scale on a computer or a sheet of paper.

It is necessary to schematically display the following design details:

the beginning of the pipeline;
the outlet of the main into the well;
drainage line;
corners, tees and taps;
pipe diameter;
trench depth.

Based on the created schemes, calculations are made necessary materials and equipment.

Size calculation

№	Pipe outer diameter (mm)	Power(W/m)
№	Pipe outer diameter (mm)	Depth 50 cm	Depth 75 cm	Depth 50 cm
1	32	10	8	5
2	42	13	10	7
3	48	15	12	8
4	60	20	15	10
5	75	25	20	12
6	90	30	25	15
7	110	40	30	20
8	160	50	38	25

The calculation is based on an air temperature of 30 ºС. A change in parameters by one degree entails a similar change in power by a third of a point.

Installation video

Installation features

When assembling a sewer heating system, it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:

Careful preparation of the installation process. Conducting consultations with specialists.
The internal cable is tightened through an additional double, which is installed indoors.
The wire of a self-regulating product must be laid only in a straight line. Resistive devices may be wrapped around pipes and fittings.

Service

The external parts of the heating system should be inspected regularly to identify external damage.

The resistance of the heating cores must be measured monthly. If deviations from the norm are detected, the device should be disconnected from the network.

Repair of damaged areas should be performed using heat-shrink tubing followed by reinforcement of the soldering area.

Frequent errors and problems during installation

When installing heating systems, such mistakes are most often made.

Installation of heating devices below the freezing point. These are unnecessary and unnecessary expenses.
Ignoring additional thermal insulation over pipes. The cable cannot heat them over the entire area, which leads to the formation of ice.
Job electrical equipment in continuous mode without sensors and relays. This leads to high and unjustified energy costs.

The situation with a frozen sewer pipe is quite rare, because... such a pipe has a slope away from the consumer device, therefore, unlike a water pipe, it is empty most of the time, and the portions of liquids periodically flowing through it are usually... lukewarm. However, if small water leaks occur due to a malfunction of the flush assembly in the toilet tank or due to a leaking faucet, then the water does not have time to fast walk to a warm septic tank and freeze along the way.

Such leaks freeze layer by layer and eventually completely cover the diameter of the sewer pipe.

In order to remove the ice plug, you need to melt it using boiling water and salt, or dig up the pipe and try to warm it up using blowtorch or a hair dryer.
After removing the ice plug, it is necessary to check the pipeline for cracks and, if necessary, replace the damaged section.

Cable heating of sewerage

In its turn heating a sewer pipe using a heating cable prevents such problems from occurring and increases the service life of the sewer system in your home.

The power of the heating cable is selected in such a way as to compensate for the heat loss of the pipe by 120-160% at minimum temperature according to MSN 2.04-01-98 “Building climatology”:

Considering that in most cases, pipes with an internal diameter of 5 are used in domestic sewerage 0 before 110 mm and thermal insulation with a thickness of 20-50 mm (PPS, PPU, PPE), to solve the problem of protecting sewer pipes from freezing, you can use self-regulating low-temperature class heating cables with linear power from 16 W/m to 32 W/m.

Let's list the most popular:

Self-regulating cables for heating sewer pipes

Samreg is sold per piece, in multiples of meters. Due to its design features, it saves energy and prevents pipe overheating.
Resistive cable used in heated floors for heating pipes inside is not suitable because... supplied in ready-made kits (from 20m), the length of which cannot be changed and is not protected from local overheating (which can lead to failure).

Installation of cable heating for sewerage

At the first stage, it is necessary to determine the length of the heating cable, taking into account cold bridges (flanges, supports, valves, etc.) and the power cable. Then install the end and connecting couplings using a heat gun.

In case of installation on the pipe the heating cable is fixed along its entire length. If the pipe is metal, then fiberglass tape is used for fastening. Transverse fastenings are made every 30-40 cm. If the pipe is plastic, then to ensure thermal contact the cable is glued along the entire length with aluminum self-adhesive tape and additionally - across every 30-40 cm.

If it is not possible to install on the surface of the pipe, then it is allowed installation of a heating cable inside the pipe.
In this case, the external insulation must be resistant to aggressive environments.

Which heating cable to choose for heating sewer pipes

To solve this issue, let's compare the advantages and disadvantages of the above heating wires. Resistive single-, double-core and zone can be generalized due to their similarities.

Resistive and zone heating cables

Advantages of resistive (including zonal) heating cables:

Simplicity of the device;
Relatively low cost;
With long-term use, stable resistivity;
At correct installation long service life.

Inability to change the length (in zonal zones this problem is partially solved, but the length changes in steps);
The need for a temperature control device;
When heating wires are located close together, when they are intertwined, or even when the surface is contaminated, the insulation significantly overheats. Overheating of the insulation leads to its premature aging and possible short circuit;
Installation requirements.

Self-regulating cable

Advantages of a self-regulating cable:

Does not require a separate thermostat;
Possibility to cut footage of any length (not less than 1.5 m and not more than specified in the passport);
During installation, wires can be approached and crossed, which greatly simplifies installation;
Temperature regulation occurs independently at each point along the entire length. This completely eliminates overheating;
The surface temperature along the entire length is almost the same.

Compared to resistive ones, this product has a high cost.

To increase savings when heating sewer system pipes with a self-regulating cable, you need to use an additional thermostat to control the external temperature.
A reliable connection must be ensured sewer joints, to prevent the passage of moisture.
It is strictly forbidden to install internal way cable products with ordinary insulation.
The permissible temperature of the pipe material, as well as its insulation, must be higher than the temperature to which the cable will be heated.
The angles of rotation of the heating cable must correspond to those specified in its passport.
During installation, the air temperature at which the installation is carried out must be higher than permissible.
When the self-regulating cable is first connected to the electrical network, its power consumption will exceed the rated power several times. After which, in a few minutes the indicator will return to normal.

At first glance, installing a self-regulating heating cable to protect sewer system pipes is very simple, but this requires knowledge of the relevant norms and regulations. By following them, you will be able to install an effective and reliable heating system.

In regions where the ambient temperature may be negative values, piping systems designed to work with liquid media(mainly water supply and sewerage systems) need additional funds thermal insulation or heating.

One of the protection options is to install the pipeline below the ground freezing level. Another option is insulation with thermal insulating materials. There is an alternative method - using a special heating cable, which is especially often used by residents of private houses.

Selecting a cable for the sewer system

The required heating power is directly related to the heat losses of the heated pipe

It is very important to produce correct selection power for a sewer system of the required diameter and conditions for its heat transfer

Important! Incorrect choice power can lead to:

If the power is too high, it will lead to overheating, which will reduce the service life of the heating system. In worst cases, plastic drains can melt. (When using a self-regulating heating cable, overheating is completely eliminated).
If the power is reduced, the system will not be able to withstand low temperatures, which will lead to freezing of the drains.
To reduce the economic efficiency of heating.
Increased likelihood of electric shock to a person or animal.
Reduced service life of both the heating system and the sewerage system itself.

When you build a sewer system with your own hands, design its heating and thermal insulation, you can be guided by the table below. It displays the average heat loss depending on the pipe diameter, insulation layer and temperature difference.

Figure 6. Selection of specific heat losses of a pipe depending on the diameter and external conditions

We take the power per unit length equal to or slightly greater than the number that we find at the intersection of the desired thickness and temperature difference. Next, we multiply the length of the pipeline by this number and by a safety factor of 1.3, then divide by the power of the cable according to the passport - this will be the required length.

Features of assembly and installation of heating cable sections

Before proceeding with the installation of the heating cable, it is worth deciding on the choice of a specific product model, the use of which will be most appropriate in this case.

There are many types of cables available on the market. Their main characteristic - specific power - can vary in the range from 10 to 40 W/m.

10 W/m. Suitable for heating water supply systems with a diameter of no more than 25 mm.
16-17 W/m. Can be used in sewer pipelines with a diameter of no more than 50 mm.
30-40 W/m. This power will be enough to heat a large sewer pipeline with a diameter of 110-160 mm.

The assembly procedure itself is very simple and does not require any special skills from the master. The only tools you will need are pliers for crimping connecting sleeves, pliers, construction hair dryer for heating the shrink film, side cutters or a knife for stripping insulation, sealant.

The action algorithm can be presented as follows:

The current-carrying conductors, shielding metal braiding and ground are stripped (not present in all cable models).
Sections of heat-shrinkable tubing of the appropriate length are sequentially put on individual cores, the cable under the braid and its outer sheath.
The adjacent ends of the current-carrying wires are connected in pairs using sleeves.
A small layer of sealant is applied to the joint, after which heat shrink is performed.
A similar procedure is performed with the ground and screen, if available.
At the end of the heating cable, further actions depend on the type of cable. In a resistive two-core cable, the current-carrying conductors are connected, followed by sealing and insulation of the coupling with a jumper. In a self-regulating cable, all the conductors at the far end are cut and separated at a certain distance to increase the resistance in the event of a leak in the coupling.
The free ends of the shrink film are flattened using pliers.

Outdoor installation

The heating cable is secured under the pipe using aluminum tape. To improve heat transfer, it should be pressed against the pipe as tightly as possible. Aluminum tape helps further limit heat loss by partially reflecting infrared radiation.

The cable is fixed with short pieces of adhesive tape at regular intervals (at least 30 cm), after which it is also fixed with tape along its entire length. For additional reliability of fixation, plastic clamps are often used.

It is possible to place the cable under a layer of insulation, which will not only provide additional thermal insulation, but also help to securely fix it. It is also worth considering that, first of all, horizontal sections of the sewer system need to be heated, through which wastewater moves much more slowly than along vertical ones.

Internal installation

Laying a heating cable inside sewer pipes is allowed with some restrictions.

The ring coupling must not come into contact with wastewater passing through pipes, since they are considered an aggressive environment that can destroy heat shrinkage in just a few seasons. At the same time, the cable’s own insulation is resistant to such influences and can remain inside the pipe for as long as desired.

Therefore, the ring coupling is usually taken outside the pipeline. To do this, use special holes in the tee or corner of the structure.

Another an indispensable condition– the cable should be easy to remove. Otherwise, during mechanical cleaning of pipes with wire or plumbing cable, the cable will almost certainly be damaged.

Of course, this method of heating sewers cannot be called cheap. However, if we take into account that the pipeline will be reliably protected from any temperature changes and will be able to serve properly for many years, using a heating cable will be much more profitable than replacing frozen sections of the system.