Attic floor - design, design, design and features (80 photos). Cozy house with an attic: projects, photos of interiors and useful tips Examples of attic floors

Add-on projects mansard type in private homes today they are at the peak of popularity. Attic superstructures are distinguished by their rationality and economy, while the designs of most structures are interesting and uncomplicated for skilled hands.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of attics is that the room is organized in the attic - when proper arrangement this part will be convenient for beneficial use due to the increased amount of light and heat. It is more economical to equip an attic than an additional floor. In addition to expenses, construction time is also reduced. The construction of the attic superstructure can be started while already living in the house. Due to the superstructure, heat loss from houses is reduced.

In addition to the positive aspects, the arrangement of the attic also has negative sides. For example, the cost of attic construction will be greatly affected by the choice of insulation and waterproofing materials. The need to install special roof windows of atypical shape and size will also significantly increase the cost of construction. The attic requires a mandatory ventilation system, and such equipment must be present in every room on this floor.

Attics are limited in layout due to sloping wall structures, there is a need to install a complex roof, and if the insulation is not properly insulated in the heat, the rooms become very hot, turning into a refrigerator in winter.

In addition, recently psychologists have not recommended installing an attic. Due to the low sloping ceilings, there will be a feeling of danger, but over a long period of time it is harmful to the mental state.

To choose the right options, experts advise “trying on” at least some of them for yourself. Stay in buildings with different attic superstructures, listen to yourself and your feelings, choose the appropriate option and implement it in your own project.

Attic construction

The rules imply the design of an attic superstructure at the stage of planning a house, since the arrangement of an attic largely depends on the chosen roofing option. In some cases, designing a superstructure is possible in a finished house. The project should allow convenient use of the created space.

A mansard-type superstructure can be of any geometry: broken, triangular, symmetrical or asymmetrical. Depending on the geometry, layout options are also thought through.

Roof structures

Single-pitch

The height of such a superstructure will not be large. It is important to think through the project of a lean-to attic correctly. An inclined plane has a maximum and minimum height. With successful design, the room can easily turn into a cozy one. living room. Other options for zoning the space under a pitched roof are also possible, but it should be taken into account that Most of the space under the roof will not be usable - it will be too low.

Gable attic

This option is also a simple configuration that includes two slopes connected by a ridge. The main advantage of this configuration is the absence of complex calculations. The main condition is to create a roof with a large angle of inclination.

The gable attic option is also popular due to its convenient practical use - in winter, snow and ice do not accumulate on such a roof. The gable rafter system is standard, so it is the easiest to implement.

A broken configuration is a type of attic with a gable structure. Here the height of the walls of the attic superstructure is higher - this is achieved thanks to the broken line of the rafter system. The space of the premises increases, and the option is good for both small and large houses.

However, calculations for arranging a broken line truss structure complex - specialists use a large number of special formulas.

Single-level roofs with remote consoles are even more difficult to install, but as a result of difficult work on the attic floor, you get a full-fledged apartment consisting of several different rooms. In addition, the house acquires a feature in the form of an asymmetrical roof. The roof configuration on one side rests on the vertical of the house, and on the other on ceiling slab. The roof is high. The project is hardly possible to implement with your own hands.

There is another less common version of a two-level attic. The project involves the placement of several attic rooms on two levels, as well as the arrangement of a balcony. The superstructure requires the creation of a complex rafter structure. This, in turn, requires correct calculation of the vertical load.

The project cannot be implemented in an already built house.

Window

Dormer windows are usually installed on the slope of the roof. They are more strongly influenced negative factors than conventional vertical window systems. The main task of roof windows is to provide greater access to light and heat. With the help of unusual window systems, designer lighting compositions are even specially created in the rooms. Window systems can be:

• facade end;
• stained glass;
• combined;
• special, attic.

Dormer window systems are considered full-fledged roofing elements. Under the influence of weather conditions, conventional window frames installed in the attic can quickly fail. Manufacturers take this factor into account and produce structures that are able to maintain sufficient tightness. They are distinguished by improved thermophysical parameters and increased rigidity. Typically frames are made of special laminated veneer lumber. It ensures long-term operation of the window; the structure is not afraid of temperature changes.

Recently, durable plastic roof windows have appeared on the market. Aluminum frames are almost never used in attics, but frames for window structures are made from this material, coated with special paints. Special frames allow you to combine window systems into groups. They can be horizontal, vertical or combined.

Particular attention is paid to the strength of the glass; at the same time, this element should not be very heavy. Usually used tempered glass. They are also equipped with an impact-resistant multi-layer coating.

There are different ways to open skylights:

• swing;
• combined;
• rotary.

The choice of system usually depends on the preferences of the owner and the characteristics of the roof.

Depending on the characteristics of the roof, the possible slope of the window is determined. The distance between the rafters and the possible illuminated area are determined. It is believed that the lower the roof slope, the longer the window you need to choose. The window area is related to the area of ​​the space, the ratio is 1: 10. In height window design should be approximately 1.1-1.3 m from the floor.

This should take into account functional purpose attics. For a better visual combination, the roof window material should be combined with the roofing material.

Roof trusses

The design of any roof is based on roof trusses. Installation of such a structure is a responsible and labor-intensive task; the work requires knowledge and skills in carrying out calculations.

Rafter trusses must support the weight of insulation, sheathing, fallen snow and icing. You can make strong rafters yourself. It is important to take into account the characteristics of the region, including seismicity.

The standard material for rafters is wood. Main elements of farms:

• hanging and inclined rafters;
• Mauerlat;
• ridge runs;
• struts;
• diagonal braces and braces.

All these parts are connected into a single system, forming trusses that look like one or more interconnected triangles. The angle of the triangles corresponds to the angle of the roof. The technology for manufacturing rafters involves installing beams on a mauerlat, which is placed in the wall - this is necessary so that the weight is evenly distributed around the perimeter. The ends of the rafters are connected to the purlin at the top. The ridge beam completes the roof ridge.

The rafters are located at a certain distance from each other. This distance depends on the selected roofing material. The purpose of the rafters is to avoid deflection roofing system. The rafters are held by a purlin made of timber cross section, the purlins themselves are supported by posts and beds. The stability of the rafters is ensured by struts.

It is best to entrust design calculations to specialists. The formulas take into account many quantities. You can only calculate the required number of components yourself.

For greater accuracy, a template is created in the work. It is used to determine the slope of the roof slope. Special care must be taken when creating the template. With minimal deviations from the norm, the structure may become askew during further use.

One-story and two-story buildings

Currently, there is a debate about whether it is worth building housing with an attic superstructure, or whether it is better to give preference to a full floor. It is believed that the attic will be cheaper. This issue is worth analyzing in more detail.

• Reducing costs when choosing an attic superstructure is achieved due to the fact that the rafter system serves as the walls of the superstructure. However, it is precisely this that reduces the size of the usable area, and significantly. In addition, due to large heat losses, the attic cannot be equipped without additional insulation.
• From an economic point of view, the question of choosing between an attic superstructure or a full floor does not require a clear answer. If you perform non-standard pitched systems in the attic, then calling craftsmen to do this work completely eliminates the economic advantages. The choice of an attic superstructure or a full-fledged second floor will have to be chosen more for aesthetic reasons.

In any case, a one-story or two-story house with an attic acquires an interesting architectural appearance, and this is a positive factor. In addition, an attic can be equipped in a two-story mansion, and this will only add additional space.

Country house

The best option small house with an attic - in the country. Arranging the attic space will allow you to use this room for different purposes. Thrifty summer residents usually use the attic for household needs.

The positive factor of the attic is that it can also be arranged in a frame structure. Exactly frame construction involves many options for various layouts.

Arrangement options

Living rooms in the attic country house are not always practical, so instead of them you can arrange a full-fledged recreation room or work studio there.

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Buildings with are a practical and very attractive idea for an individual plot. The costs of arranging a residential attic are less than the construction of a full floor; additional square meters will appear in the house. For summer cottage most best option– . Projects, photos of successful interiors and recommendations from experienced builders are in our material.

Even a small attic will transform the facade of the house and make it unique

The attic refers to the living space under the roof. The roof for a residential attic must have a double slope, such that the height of the attic space is no less than human height at the highest point.

Important! The high ceiling should occupy at least half of the area. Smaller sizes will cause discomfort in a person.

The outer wall of a residential attic consists of two planes: inclined and vertical. The vertical part is built from the main material of the house, the inclined part consists of blood rafters and internal lining.

For your information! In urban planning regulations, the attic is considered a residential floor.

When building a private house, many owners think about the question: should they prefer a full floor or an attic?

Advantages and disadvantages of country houses with an attic: projects with a full floor or a residential attic?

The main argument in favor of the attic floor is always the low cost of its arrangement. Is it really? The cost reduction is due to the use of a frame roof structure. In practice, the larger the roof and, accordingly, the larger the frame area for cladding, the more profitable the attic.

But you should remember, no matter how spacious the attic is, it in any case occupies less usable space than the actual floor. It turns out that in order to make the attic room suitable for living, it is necessary to provide such an area of ​​the first floor so that it is at least twice as large as the attic space.

In order to create a normal microclimate in the attic room, it is necessary to provide a ventilation system with forced air supply. All these costs will create an additional burden during construction. And in reality the savings will not be that significant.

Supporters of attic construction note that houses with such “curly” roofs look attractive. And the designers add that the arrangement of a residential attic has many original solutions.

Thrifty owners do not like it when something goes to waste. Including the attic space. Some people turn it into a dumping ground for unnecessary things. But in fact, it can accommodate a full-fledged office, workshop, bedroom or even a children's room.

Opponents of such diligence remind us that active use of the space under the roof worsens the condition of the roof structure and significantly complicates its repair.

Expert's point of view

Yaroslava Galayko

Lead designer and studio manager at Ecologica Interiors

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“Psychologists warn that low attic ceilings make a person feel in a confined space, adversely affecting his psyche. Particularly impressionable people may even feel bouts of suffocation due to low ceilings and sloping walls. It’s worth thinking about this fact when planning a children’s room in the attic.”

Supporters of a full second floor make the following comparison:

Attic	Second floor
Limited in layout by inclined structures	Has full layout options
Difficulties with arranging full-fledged windows	No problems with organizing natural lighting
The design of the walls and ceiling of the attic does not allow for smooth roof repairs	Maintainability of the roof and simplicity of the roof structure
The need for a complex roof	Using a simple roof shape
Need for forced ventilation	Usage natural ventilation
Intense heating of the room on hot days	Maintaining optimal temperature thanks to the presence of attic space

Despite all these disputes and disagreements, projects country houses with an attic and veranda or garage are very popular. This is not surprising, because frame construction, which is gaining immense popularity, offers many options for just such buildings, with a large usable area and a variety of layouts. Let's look at photo projects of houses with attics in more detail.

Related article:

The best designs of houses with an attic: photos with drawings

A good residential building design must take into account many factors:

• climate of the area in which construction will take place;
• features of the soil and landscape of the site;
• combination of the decoration of the house with the surrounding buildings and terrain;
• organizing the most comfortable living conditions for all family members, taking into account their age and individual needs.

The finished project of a house with an attic is developed by professional architects with the participation of specialized specialists. It is important to think through not only the location of the rooms, but also the features of the placement of utility networks.

Projects suitable for a summer cottage small area, 36 – 40 square meters. This space is quite enough to accommodate a kitchen and a spacious living room on the ground floor and two compact bedrooms or a study in the attic. Houses with an area of ​​over 60 square meters include a spacious living room, bedroom and kitchen on the ground floor and rooms on the second.

For large houses, it would be ideal to build a terrace that can be accessed from the attic floor. From the top you will have a magnificent view of nature.

Idea! If the house is intended for year-round use, part of the roof can be glazed and the area can be used for a winter garden.

Country house with attic: 6x6 layout

It’s not easy with a minimum area. Project country house 6x6 with attic – optimal choice. In this case, you have not 36, but at least 50 square meters of usable area.

If the dacha is needed only for seasonal visits, such space is quite enough for a small family. Over time, an extension can be made to the house if the number of family members increases. What should be considered in the design of a house with a 6x6 attic:

• maximum use of every centimeter of space;
• the number of people visiting the house at the same time;
• age of family members;
• frequency of visits to the summer cottage.

When planning a 6 by 6 house with an attic, it is important to use all the space to maximum advantage. Traditionally, a spacious living room is located in the center, with access to a bathroom and kitchen. All these rooms will completely occupy the first floor. To avoid crowding, select compact furniture.

The kitchen should have two entrances: from the room and from the yard. Table setting in summer gazebo It will be significantly simplified, and it will be easier to cook on a hot day, with the exit to the garden wide open.

In this option they are located in the attic. Here you can make two full bedrooms for the owners and children.

Four square meters is enough for a bathroom. If the dacha is visited only in the summer, a summer shower can be organized in the yard. Those who like to take a steam bath set up a bathhouse on the site. If you do not provide a shower or bath in the house, you can leave three square meters for the toilet. The washing machine is installed in the kitchen.

Frame houses with an attic (6x6 projects) do not provide internal stairs. They are placed outside. This technique also allows you to significantly save space. To store things in the house, compact mezzanines should be provided.

Here is an approximate plan of a house with a 6 by 6 attic:

Specifics of the layout of 9 by 9 houses with an attic: photos of successful solutions

A house with a total area of ​​eighty square meters is a popular project. Builders note that this project has optimal ratio costs and comfort of living. The classic layout includes a bedroom, kitchen, living room and bathroom on the ground floor and two or three more rooms in the attic. They can be used as additional bedrooms or used as an office, creative workshop and spacious wardrobe.

Another option for the arrangement of rooms is in the layout of an 8 by 10 house with an attic. Photo example of such a layout:

What you should know about the layout of a 10 by 10 house with an attic: photos of the best ideas

One hundred square meters on the first floor and another seventy on the second - a large family can permanently live in such a house. There is room here for separate rooms for children, a bedroom for parents, a study, a spacious living room and a kitchen. From the outside the house does not look huge. Projects of a 10x10 house with a foam block attic impress with its compact placement on the site. But this is precisely the case when external impressions are deceiving.

There is enough space here not only to place bathrooms on each floor, but even to organize a bathhouse or a bathhouse right in the house. A convenient staircase with a wide passage will allow you to easily lift bulky furniture.

Such a house usually provides separate room for the boiler. If a house made of foam blocks has a basement, the laundry room, heating appliances, and a storage room for storing equipment and household items are located here.

Layout example:

Related article:

In the article we will look in detail at the advantages of these structures, types of technologies, average construction prices, original designs, useful tips and much more.

Examples of interior design of houses with an attic inside: photo

Even a small attic can be furnished so that everything you need can fit in it. The inclined planes of the ceilings partially hide the total area, but you can use them to stylishly decorate the room.

Projects small houses with an attic usually involve placing a bedroom on the second floor. In the country house version, it is logical to use natural wood trim.

If the attic occupies a significant area, the task is simplified. Niches between the rafters can be used as zoning elements. In one - place a bed, in the other - a work desk by the window or a sofa for relaxing. The issue of placing a children's room on the attic floor should be approached especially carefully.

If there will be a study in the attic, it is important to think about the lighting.

Another idea for planning a house with an attic (photo below) is the placement of a wardrobe. Here you can build compact and convenient storage systems.

Tips for building a one-story house with an attic: photos of original ideas

Owners of small apartments are most often concerned about arranging a residential attic. country cottages. Before deciding on such a project, ask to stay with your friends who own a similar design. What if you suddenly feel an attack of claustrophobia or, on the contrary, find yourself impressed by attic windows through which you can see the clouds?

Here, if desired, you can place a wardrobe, a creative workshop, boiler room, Gym.

Here are the options for organizing the attic space:

Particularly in demand with a garage and attic. This layout is extremely convenient. This option will be especially appreciated by residents of the northern regions, who know what it’s like to warm up a car on a frosty day. When the garage is under the same roof as the house, even if there is no central heating, the temperature will be significantly higher than outside. And the car itself will be reliably protected from all the vagaries of the weather.

What do house designs with an attic made of foam blocks look like?

Projects of houses with an attic made of foam blocks, photos of which are presented to you, are very popular among developers of individual housing. The reasons for this demand are that houses made of this material are very functional and look solid and luxurious. The cost of constructing such a structure is lower than the cost of building a brick house.

Attic floor layout

Cottage or individual construction is at the peak of popularity today. Who among us does not dream of a cozy and spacious home where the whole family can live happily? has not only a special French charm, but also a lot of advantages, the main one of which is the possibility of arranging additional living space. Such a low-rise private construction project opens up new opportunities for owners: additional living space with small financial costs. If there is a desire and need to add an attic floor to the house, you must first draw up a plan and make a drawing. This will help correct errors at the planning stage, correctly calculate the load and quantity building materials.

Features and Requirements

Planning a residential attic is a labor-intensive process that requires knowledge and accuracy in calculations. The main task is to prepare the project and detailed drawing. Any mistakes that were made at the stage of planning the attic floor will immediately negatively affect the quality of operation of the room.

Attic project

In order to prepare a construction plan, you need to meet a number of requirements for the construction of an attic floor:

• the walls in such a room must be at least 2.5 meters high; if the height of the walls is less, then this is an attic room;
• arrangement required high-quality thermal insulation, which will help in creating an optimal microclimate;
• it is necessary to create impeccable ventilation of building materials and frames in order to avoid deformation, dampness and, as a result, the appearance of mold and mildew;
• special attention should be paid to the choice of building materials, giving preference to lightweight, high-strength and wear-resistant;
• the entire structure of the house as a whole must withstand the increased load due to the construction of the attic floor; a detailed plan is needed for visualization.

Important!

The list of basic requirements must be taken into account at the drawing preparation stage so that possible shortcomings can be corrected in a timely manner. Any mistakes can lead to catastrophic consequences: the appearance of cracks and even collapse.

Layout of the living room in the attic

Design Rules

During the construction process, it is the design and drawings that are the main documents in accordance with which the work is carried out.The document displays the following points:

1. A description of the shapes, sizes, architectural geometry, and inclination angles of the roof slopes is carried out.
2. A list of required building materials for the construction of the attic floor is compiled.
3. Produced using special formulas accurate calculations loads of the attic on all load-bearing elements of the house structure (beams, rafters, ceilings, etc.). The data is clearly displayed in the drawing.
4. The project includes information on the creation of a thermal insulation layer, the selection of appropriate materials based on thermal calculations.
5. Drawings of the attic roof are attached to the project. The drawing allows you to clearly and accurately reflect the shape of the roof, kinks and slopes.

Project of a house with an attic floor

All construction work on the construction of the attic floor must fully comply with the prepared house design.

Important!

At the planning stage, you should decide how many separate rooms there will be in the attic. Zoning and communications are also noted on the plan.

Eat Various types attics, which depend on the area, shape of the roof and height of the walls. If the attic space is small and narrow, you can arrange a cozy bedroom or study. And if the room turns out to be spacious, with high arches, then you can arrange a living room.

Project of a residential building with an attic

One-story house: design features

The layout of a one-story building is distinguished by the need to create a staircase, the main function of which is the ability to reach the second level. Incorrect planning of the location of the stairs leads to inconvenience of moving around the house.

One-story house with attic

The layout of a residential attic is developed strictly at the design stage. It's necessary:

• for comfortable placement of the staircase assembly;
• to calculate the economical costs of usable space;
• to draw up a drawing of a convenient exit to the second level.

The role of the attic in a one-story house is the so-called “quiet zone”. How to prepare a project? The layout of the staircase assembly of a one-story house with dimensions 6 * 6 or 8 * 8, where a residential attic is planned, has a difference: about 6 square meters fall out of the total area in the center of the building, since access to the attic floor can only be arranged in the area of ​​the ridge of the roof of the building. If a house project is drawn up with dimensions of 8*10, 9*12 or 9*9, it is less sensitive to the creation of a staircase assembly, since it fits more easily into the overall plan. When drawing up a staircase plan in order to get to the attic floor, it is important to take into account the fact that access to it must be provided from various rooms. In addition, you should remember rational use space. Therefore, choosing a location for a staircase assembly is extremely important point. Using a ready-made plan and a standard project, it is necessary to carefully assess all risks, as well as study technological features.

Layout of the attic in a one-story house

Project plan for a two-story house in 10 steps

A two-story residential building with an attic is the most common type of construction. The layout of the attic floor in use is very specific, so there are a number of important nuances:

1. The intensity of movement in a two-story house is higher. The staircase to the second floor can be wide and flat, the area is quite sufficient. The platforms in the spans can be made large so that those passing by do not collide.
2. The attic floor is located directly under the roof, the slopes of which are located at an angle. The layout may have limitations due to the architectural features of the roof.
3. The entrance to the staircase is rational in the area of ​​the ridge, since this is where the normal height for its arrangement is.
4. The traditional attic roof has vertical walls, so the layout of the window openings is done along the gables.
5. The building plan with dimensions 9*9 or 10*10, with the arrangement of the attic floor, depends on the placement of light openings. The area of ​​the room allows you to arrange several rooms at once, but it is difficult to organize lighting through the gables.
6. The drawing should reflect partitions, beams, that is, the entire rafter system in detail.

Project two-story house with attic

Important!

Partitions must rest on a load-bearing wall. The layout of the floors located below the attic directly depends on this.

1. If the attic floor is in use, then the drawing should clearly reflect the location of all communications and engineering systems.
2. If the area of ​​the attic floor is more than 100 sq. meters, then sanitary conditions and household premises should be expanded taking into account the number of users.
3. When drawing up a design plan for the rafter system, it is important to take into account all possible factors that determine the load. These include the creation of thermal insulation, the material and type of rafter elements, the type of roofing, and more.
4. The load on the floor of the attic floor is no less intense than on a standard floor covering. It is mandatory to calculate it, decide on the choice of materials for the structure, and reflect all the information in the project.

Layout of the attic in a two-story house

Planning an attic floor in individual construction is a labor-intensive process that requires care, preparation and knowledge. Compliance with all requirements and rules when drawing up standard project houses with an attic are the key to the durability of the structure and high level comfort of living. The result of the work will be the opportunity to obtain additional square meters for arranging living space.

What kind: one-, two-story, attic house cheaper to build?

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, working with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy Cultures, specialty “Culturologist. Teacher of history and cultural theory." Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to present. Editor: since 2016.

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In most private houses there is a problem with arrangement attic rooms. In the tradition of our region, this room has always played the role of a technical floor, which is destined for the role of insulation and removal of stove smoke. But gradually, with the advent of new materials and modern ones, homeowners began to understand that attic room is a great opportunity to expand your living or usable area the entire cottage.

It turns out that with proper insulation and ventilation, this can accommodate a living room, bedroom, bathroom or even a kitchen, in general, any of the rooms. At the same time, you will have at your disposal unique design a room that will set it apart from others of its kind.

Attic room design

Planning attic room design always begins based on the shape of the roof - this is the determining element for the entire external appearance of the room. The roof can be single-pitched or gable, but can also be hipped or hipped.

Accordingly, because of this, its internal surface will have significant differences and, ideally, it is the configuration of the future that should be the leading argument when choosing the type of roof.

For example, for a single-pitched roof or a wide gable roof, the problem of developing a low wall, which in these cases can be literally half a meter high, becomes urgent. Whereas for a tent or hip design There may be a problem with lighting, an insufficient number of window openings, since the roof area, and therefore the room, is quite large.

The second recommendation is inextricably linked with the operational characteristics of the room, because for, say, a children's bedroom or bathroom there will be differences in humidity or the need for heat, air conditioning, etc.

Therefore, it would be advisable to know in advance exactly what functions this residential area will perform. Such knowledge will allow you to competently use exactly the materials that are needed (and not all of them, which will lead to an unnecessary increase in cost), as well as lay all communications, such as organizing forced ventilation or making heated floors.

It is the topic of ventilation that should always be given special attention when developing attic room project, because, as we know from the laws of physics, all the warm air in the house rises upward and a room without good forced ventilation may simply turn out to be unsuitable for habitation, especially since the ceilings in it are quite low.

Continuing the topic about ceilings, we note that the appearance of the ceiling can be different and this does not at all depend on the chosen method. Quicker we're talking about about the style of the room that you want to maintain.

Rafters and beams that remain visible are a wonderful attribute of a chalet or country style; they will give the room the right mood of a real old estate. If you prefer classic or modern, then you should completely cover the ceiling with plasterboard, and then plaster, paint or cover it with plain wallpaper.

Fans modern style, as well as a minimalist direction, they will definitely give preference to suspended or suspended ceilings, and for lovers of loft or industrial styles, even metal air ducts or communications uncovered by ducts will seem suitable.

Attic recreation room

When the area of ​​the cottage is small, a dilemma arises about which room to place in it. The room is indeed specific in its use and layout, but it has a unique romantic flair. For example, one of the advantages of locating in attic rest room It is possible to place a window above a sofa or other bed - then you can lie down and admire the blue sky during the day and the starry sky at night. In addition, such a room can save a significant area below, which would be more logical to allocate to the kitchen and dining room, that is, those areas that are used most often during both weekends and weekdays. But you can go up to the top floor to just lie down, watch TV, play video games or have a heart-to-heart conversation over a cup of tea - for such purposes the size of the living room is definitely enough.

Many elements, the presence of which dictates to us, are physically difficult to place inside attics. Room layout in this case it will be inextricably linked with the creation of sketches for furniture non-standard forms. This applies to everyone’s favorite corner or even U-shaped sofa, armchairs with high backs, mantelpiece, bookcase and more. All this can be great, but only if it fits into numerous corners and is proportional to the height of the roof.

Making furniture to order is quite an expensive undertaking, plus, its production will take more time than buying ready-made furniture, but you can usefully use literally every centimeter of your small attic floor. In the photo in this section you can see examples of just such a recreation area, which is located on the top floor.

The central element of the design is a large sofa that literally fills everything free space. Moreover, this happens both in very small attics with a low wooden ceiling, and in quite spacious ones, where, in addition to the sofa, other objects can be freely placed, creating all the prerequisites for excellent parties (TV, wide coffee table for board games or a snack), and for productive work (desk, books, musical instruments).

However, if you don't like big and noisy companies with long gatherings, you can still use the attic floor, even a fairly small one, as a place to relax.

Various means are suitable for this: a hammock suspended on supports, a rocking chair or just a soft set of chairs will allow you to engage in your hobby or reading right under the window, a source of soft lighting that is very beneficial for vision.

Attic room photo

The next important room that we will virtually place under the roof will be the bedroom room in the attic. Photo, which you will see below, show how comfortable such a bedroom can be, how much all your aspirations for an ideal place to relax can be realized in it.

For a bedroom that you intend to use all year round, it is very important to do it correctly. This room should be warm enough, but not hot, without excess humidity, which leads to the formation of fungus and other troubles. Therefore, not only the insulation itself is placed under the roof, but also other components modern systems, such as a water barrier, vapor barrier film And so on. It is also advisable to install an air conditioner, since the roof gets very hot under the summer sun and sleeping in a room without cooling may not be very comfortable.

As we said above, the most difficult part in arranging a bedroom is not at all, but filling it with furniture so that all the shortcomings of a complex shape are leveled out. The most difficult case is when one wall has minimum size, its height is within one meter.

Then you have several options for what to place here, or it will be a bed, because when lying down you definitely don’t need a lot of height above your head, or, conversely, here you will place a storage area with a built-in wardrobe, put a TV, and so on. You can look at the photo above for examples of mastering a strong roof slope and make sure that the shape roof of the attic room It’s not a hindrance to be cozy and comfortable.

A separate case is when the roof has a wide area, hip, half-hip or hip shape. Yes, this will significantly increase the cost of roofing work, several times, and it will take more time to install all the ceilings and insulation, but you will have the opportunity to do not just one, but two rooms in the attic. These can be separate children's rooms, or there can be rooms for the whole family, for example, a bedroom and living room, separated by a partition.

In the photo you can see a project like this design solution, and in order to visually preserve the feeling of spaciousness and freedom of such a wide attic, the partition is specially designed transparent.

However, it is not at all necessary to have a transparent partition, because if in attic 2 rooms, then both of them can become completely autonomous rooms, for example, a secluded bedroom, as shown in other photos of the collection, equipped with its own spacious bathroom behind the wall or a spacious one.

Children's room in the attic

Most of all, children love such high, non-standard premises, therefore, this territory is often given to them. Projects children's room in the attic quite a lot, although the walls are not very high, but the area is large, so that a bed can fit, even more than one, and a place for games, and a work area with desk and a computer. There is also a place for sports equipment, a telescope, a hut or a toy house and other children's joys.

In design rooms for girls in the attic It is preferable to use light, natural shades; Provence or country style, an abundance of soft toys and home textiles are suitable.

Make sure that attic room for a boy was not too dark, this can cause depression. You can not only make as many windows as you can, but also provide the room with additional artificial lighting.

Bathroom in the attic

Lots of benefits bathroom in the attic makes us take a closer look at such projects.

In the project you can also place a shower stall or set aside a space with a partition for taking a shower, and also indulge in a full-size bathroom. Moreover, she is the one who can’t would be better suited to fill the space under the roof slope without losing the overall feeling of freedom and spaciousness, which is simply unthinkable in city apartments.

Attic room: design and layout. 100 ideas

Surely, sooner or later, every owner of a private house comes up with the idea of ​​arranging an attic roof - the so-called attic. It allows you to expand the space of the building, thereby preserving the treasured meters of the site itself. In addition, if you show a little imagination when building and decorating this part of the house, then the non-standard and attractive appearance will delight not only guests, but also ordinary passers-by. You can learn how to correctly combine all construction safety requirements and an individual design concept from this article.

What it is?

Many people associate the image of an attic with the bohemian creative life of Paris, whose representatives - writers, musicians and artists - lived on the highest, dimly lit and unheated floors. In the literal sense, these were utility premises that only the poor could afford.

Today, the presence and design of an attic roof speaks of the owner’s wealth and sense of taste. The architectural geometry of the roof, unusual combinations of window openings and balconies will not only distinguish a private house from others, but will also functionally increase the living space, eliminating the cost of another floor.

The room can also affect the reduction of heat loss in the building. Officially, according to all standards, the attic must have a height of at least 2.5 m from the floor level, otherwise it will be considered an attic.

When building a mansard roof in Russian conditions, you should remember the features natural conditions– rather frosty winters with frequent temperature changes require special attention to the quality of insulation of the attic room.

Device Features

The design features of the attic require adherence to certain rules:

• soundproof;
• reliable insulation and vapor barrier;
• no stretch marks or bevels;
• ventilation gap;
• functional and aesthetic combination with general exterior Houses.

At the same time, compliance with all the rules does not limit the choice of various designs of the structure itself: single-pitched, gable, broken, two-level, conical roofs, with or without a balcony, mid-turn or balcony dormer windows. There are many variations. For reliability and safety, it is important to choose the type of roof, calculate the dimensions, and the amount of insulation and roofing materials.

Comfortable living in the attic directly depends on thermal insulation, which will allow you to enjoy a slight coolness in the summer and keep warm in the winter. Let's consider the method of laying the “pie” of the attic roof, which will serve not only as insulation and the base of the roof, but also as protection from the All surfaces inside the attic floor - the ceiling, floor and walls - must be insulated. It is important to first draw up a plan for the attic with all communications and an indication of the thermal conductivity of the materials from which the building and load-bearing coverings are constructed. Only after this is the selection and calculation of insulation made.

Particular attention should be paid to the indispensable presence and exact sequence of each layer of the attic insulation “pie”:

1. vapor barrier layer;
2. insulation;
3. ventilation gap;
4. waterproofing material;
5. roofing covering.

In this list, a layer of insulation and ventilation are especially important. The following materials can be used as insulation.

Styrofoam

A modern, sought-after material with low density but high strength. It is soundproof, does not corrode and does not attract dust. However, a significant drawback is the high flammability and release of toxic substances. If we choose this insulation, then the foam layer must be protected by at least 3 cm of a fire-resistant structure, for example, two-layer plasterboard. In addition, polystyrene foam is susceptible to rodent influence.

Mineral wool

The most common material for attic insulation. Among her characteristic features– resistance to temperature changes, fire safety, high sound and heat insulation, harmlessness from an environmental point of view. You can purchase it in the form of a roll, slab or mat. The latter is recommended as attic insulation. The material definitely needs good ventilation.

Polyurethane foam

The main advantages are strength, long-term use, not susceptible to moisture, mold, suitable for any surface, non-toxic. But behind all the advantages lies high price and the work of exclusively specialists with equipment.

It must be remembered that the thickness of the insulation layer is determined depending on the climate zone.

To insulate the attic you will need:

• waterproofing film;
• insulation material;
• vapor barrier;
• mounting tape;
• cord (nylon);
• nails;
• hammer;
• pliers;
• sharp knife.

Thermal insulation of a room is directly related to the quality, type and size of roof windows; their structures are usually placed between the roof rafters in order to avoid expensive reconstructions. Therefore, when choosing, it is important to focus on the available dimensions. Among other things, you need to take into account the height of the slopes, the total area and purpose of the room.

The standard sizes of dormer windows are considered to be 78x118, 78x140, 78x160 cm and larger sizes - 94x140, 114x118 and 114x140 cm.

If the rafters are set closer than the established frame standards, it will likely be necessary to have the window made to order, which will of course have an impact on costs.

According to the method of opening, roof windows are divided into:

• mid-rotation structures;
• with side axis;
• raised axis of rotation;
• with lower axis;
• a combined axis that allows you to rotate the sash 180º.

The most popular option among Russian summer residents is with a central axis of rotation. The advantages are ease of use (such windows are easy to clean).

A separate variety is represented by windows on remote control, which will be convenient if the location does not allow you to reach them yourself. They are often equipped with rain sensors.

Depending on the model, several types of windows can be distinguished.

• Vertical. They are mounted in a special so-called attic “birdhouse”, which is why you have to slightly change the roof structure. However, they guarantee a large amount of light.

• Balcony attics. They are two doors, when opened, one rises, the lower one moves forward, forming a miniature parapet. Just like the previous model, they require high costs.

It should be noted that, if load-bearing walls are possible, you can also make a hanging balcony, which can be located either on columns that serve as a decoration in front of the entrance, or you can move the pediment (part of the end wall between the roof slopes and the eaves) of the attic floor from the load-bearing wall, and the roof of the ledge done by extending the roof to the level of the outer wall.

• Extensions. Decorative window top elements. They fit perfectly into the design and most often have a round, semicircular or triangular shape.

• Light tunnel. It combines a reflective tunnel into the room and a lampshade directly in the room itself, which evenly diffuses the light.

• Cornice models. They are located at right angles in the gap between the wall and the roof.

• Glazed bay window. Quite an exotic and expensive glazing model. The structure extends beyond the plane of the wall.

Presenters Russian manufacturers high-quality roof windows – Velux, Fakro, Roto. Velux models are slightly more expensive. For example, a window measuring 78 cm will cost 21-24 thousand rubles, a wider window will cost from 26 thousand.

Also, don’t forget about some additional useful accessories:

• blackout curtains;
• roller shutters, blinds;
• heat-absorbing mesh;
• mosquito nets.

According to established standards, the glazed area must be at least 10% of the floor area.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the attic floor can rightfully be considered:

• Economical. The attic allows you to reduce the cost of heating the room. The air space between the floor and ceiling of the attic prevents generated heat from escaping through the roof. The low thermal conductivity of air allows more heat to be stored on the ground floor.
• Savings on adding another floor or increasing living space by expanding the foundation are also obvious. The attic allows you to get constructive additional space at minimal cost.
• Aesthetic appeal. Undoubtedly, the attic, with its complexity and expressiveness of the roof, gives the building a harmonious, architectural and complete look.
• Construction speed. Such an extension will not last for several years, as often happens with the expansion of the foundation. Installation can be completed within a week.

In addition to the advantages, there are also disadvantages.

• Savings on heating and replacing the second floor with an attic will cost a pretty penny in the future. The premises require the installation of specialized windows, which are much more expensive than regular ones.
• Sloping ceilings reduce the height of walls.

• The vulnerability of the structure is due to the fact that the attic takes on all the main “blows” of nature, and therefore needs increased attention and periodic inspection. If repairs or replacement of insulation are necessary, damage to the finish along with the vapor barrier cannot be avoided.
• Complex coal roof leads to the formation of difficult-to-ventilate areas, which negatively affects the quality of the coating.
• Individual requirements for hydro- and thermal insulation.

Problems that you may encounter when building an attic:

Undoubtedly ideal option for the attic it will be included in the project drawing even before the start construction work Houses. But often the idea of ​​an attic comes with the need to expand useful living space after a certain period of use. In this case, one has to face the choice of the type of structure. There are different types of mansard roofs.

Single-pitch

An ordinary, simple attic with one roof corner and one full wall, which allows you to expand the area. The most successful tilt angle in this option is in the region of 35°-45°. Otherwise, this may lead to the accumulation of large amounts of snow. The ramp is placed on the windy side. Window frames in this case, it can be placed both on an inclined roofing surface and on the main vertical wall. However, this design is not used so often, since due to the norms for wall heights of more than 2.5 m, the slope turns out to be very steep. And this requires strengthening the rafter frame and, therefore, extra costs. However, such a roof looks rather unconventional.

Gable

A more rational and optimal option due to the uniform rise of the ceiling, in contrast to the lean-to model. The two roof slopes are located at the same angle to the walls. For rational distribution 45° of space is sufficient. It is also divided into subtypes: symmetrical with a ridge above the middle of the house and asymmetrical with an offset relative to the center. The pediments in this version are straight, and the room takes the shape of a trapezoid. Such an attic can be equipped with a balcony at the end, and the design of the structure itself allows you to get rid of the “cubism” typical of the house. However, this also seems to be a significant disadvantage, limiting the area of ​​the attic space on the sides. As an exit, you can provide this space for storage rooms or cabinets.

Broken

The most common type when building an attic without the involvement of specialists. In fact, it is the same gable structure, but constructed from two parts located at different slopes. An advantage of the broken shape is the ability to avoid the formation of uninhabitable “dead” zones at the junction of walls and ceiling, as in a gable structure. By reducing the angle of inclination, the height of the walls increases. And the presence of two slopes allows you to reduce the load on the roof.

When choosing this option, it is important to pay attention to the special fracture rafter system.

With remote consoles

This design provides for the displacement of the vertical wall of the attic to the edge of the facade of the house or beyond. This feature allows you to significantly expand the area of ​​the room. The rafters are reinforced with struts and rest on floor beams that protrude beyond the load-bearing walls. The vertical wall provides freedom for imagination in choosing window design.

Two-level

This type of attic is designed exclusively together with the dwelling and is considered the most complex structure. Consists of several rooms different levels and is not some isolated part of the building, but a full-fledged room in the structure of the whole house. With this design, you get not a one-story attic, but two additional mini-floors. A preliminary calculation of the load on the walls and rafter system requires special attention.

Multi-gable roof

The intricacy of the design is expressed in a whole complex of angular protrusions. The non-standard appearance, the strength of the truss structure and the absence of sediment accumulation take precedence over design difficulties and increased calculations. However, such characteristics require the work of exclusively specialized personnel. And the cost of such a mansard roof significantly exceeds the prices of other types of structures.

Four-slope

This type of roof design is considered the most attractive. In addition, it is very convenient to maintain - almost no precipitation accumulates on it, and due to the inclined structure, the wind does not carry a large load, as a result of which such a roof will last longer. However, during construction you will have to spend a lot of money on insulating such an attic. But there won’t be much useful living space due to the sloping ceiling on all four sides.

hip

They are a typical variant of a hipped roof type. A comfortable and spacious space is obtained by increasing the area of ​​the two facade slopes of the house, made in the shape of a trapezoid. Hips are the slopes from the end of the building in the form of triangles. The half-hip design consists of slopes that do not reach from the ridge to the cornice. This type of roofing is used infrequently, since the rafter system is one of the most expensive and complex.

Tent

Suitable option for a square shaped house. The roof in this design consists of slopes with identical parameters and requires installation by specialists. Among the options are 4 or more slopes, in the shape of a dome or pyramid.

Asymmetrical

It is obtained by lengthening one of the roof surfaces. This attic looks very unusual both outside and inside. Behind the seemingly simplicity of shifting the roof lies a detailed calculation of the load parameters on each wall. The living space in such a room will be distributed unevenly depending on the side and angle of the roof.

With "cuckoo"

“Cuckoos” in this case are small protrusions in the shape of a triangle, where windows are most often located. Moreover, on one slope there may be several such structures with individual rafter systems. The shape of the structure can be completely different, both single- and four-slope.

L-shaped

Quite inexpensive option roofs with a non-standard appearance. Most often, two are used for this gable roofs, docking with each other at right angles, which is the most difficult structural unit. Of course, such models are mainly used in buildings of a similar shape.

Listing the main forms attic structures, it should be added that combinations of such roofs are also possible. For example, a single slope can be erected as a broken line. The most important thing is to comply with all operational and design requirements during construction.

Shapes and sizes

The construction of the attic floor also has variability in terms of implementing a variety of architectural forms the premises itself. The geometry of the attic room can be triangular or broken, cubic or L-shaped, symmetrical or asymmetrical, one-story or two-level, occupy the entire space of the house, only part of it, or even moved beyond the load-bearing walls with support on columns. There are many alternatives. Complex design involves correct calculations of dimensions and drawing up a construction plan.

Calculating the exact parameters of the attic floor area involves a number of preliminary calculations. To draw up a project, you need to schematically divide the space into simple geometric shapes: trapezoids, rectangles, parallelograms, squares, triangles and, having calculated the area of ​​each of them, add up the results. This principle applies to almost all attic structures. And if all height standards (at least 2.5 m) for the attic are met, then the floor area must be at least 16 m².

It should be noted that in addition to the established height parameters, where such calculations are possible, there are attics of other sizes:

• attic ranging from 0.8 to 1.5 m;
• semi-attic less than 0.8 m.

In such cases or when the slope of the roof is quite significant, the following formula is applied:

P = AxL+2Bx0.7L

P = L (A+1.4B),

where P is area;

L – length of the attic plane;

A – floor width for walls above 1.1 m;

B – floor width for walls above 0.8 m.

Useful living area is calculated by points on the ceiling located 90 cm perpendicular to the floor. The remaining part is considered a “dead” zone.

Such formulas allow you to both calculate the strength and weight of the structure and determine the amount and type of material used.

Thanks to modern technologies, today it is quite possible to calculate the parameters of a mansard roof online. To do this, you will need to enter data about the type of attic, a diagram rafter frame, roofing and insulation materials.

Rafter system

The transformed rafter system is the key difference between mansard roofs and others. This already heavy structure can withstand the weight of the roof, floor beams, the load of the attic floor, and precipitation. Therefore, only one that meets all requirements can be considered a reliable and durable system.

One of the basic rules is that the system must provide for uniform distribution of pressure on the base and load-bearing walls.

Only high-quality, well-dried and antiseptic-treated wood is used. Optimal parameters rafters – 100×100 mm in cross-section, they will create a weather conditions design.

Inserting a tree into lower crown is strictly prohibited. The slope of the rafters is in the range from 30°–60°. To secure them, exclusively rigid metal materials(corners, staples, nails).

Particular care should be taken to calculate the pitch of the rafters, since the choice of the width of the insulation and the size of the windows located between the two rafters depend on this. It is worth adding that the width of the step between them should be 3 cm less than the width of the insulation to reduce waste.

All of the above requirements are met regardless of the choice of one of the types of rafter system design, which comes in the following types.

Hanging

It is economical and practical. This design rests on the side walls of the structure, and the rafter legs are fastened with horizontal jumpers for rigidity - crossbars, which also serve as the basis for the ceiling. The advantage is the location of the main elements of the system outside the used part of the room, which allows you to expand the usable space.

When installing such a system, you should pay attention to the following:

• the supports of the roof overhang should not fall on the bottom extending beyond the load-bearing walls, rafter legs;
• to stiffen the roof, a wind board should be nailed between the ridge and the mauerlat;
• The moisture content of the rafter wood should not be more than 15%. Otherwise, the system may lose stability. If such material is still used, then it is better to connect it using bolts, which can be tightened if necessary.

Layered

Used in attics with a load-bearing partition in the center of the room, which provides additional support. Most often, this system is used for large areas of the house and heavy roofing materials. The design principle is to lay on interior walls a bench protruding instead of a mauerlat, and installing a special rack to support the ridge girder.

Features of the arrangement of the layered system:

• the thickness of each element is from 5 cm;
• all nodes are smooth and located exclusively in the proper places according to the design;
• the connection of the Mauerlat and the rafter leg is strictly horizontal;
• symmetry in the position of racks and struts;
• reliable and high-quality ventilation;
• waterproofing at the junction of nodes and masonry;
• the length of the rafter leg without support is up to 4.5 m.

The independent design of the rafter system requires the fulfillment of a certain order and requirements:

• Fastening the mauerlat (the base of the rafter system according to the area of ​​the house). The strength of the fastening with the lower slings will protect against “roof failure” in the literal sense of this expression. The material used is dry treated timber with a cross section of 150x100 mm. The Mauerlat transfers some of the load of the rafter system onto the walls.
• The base of beams is laid horizontally, always using a level. Attaches to walls using bolts or brackets.
• The waterproofing layer is located on the crowns, columns frame building or at brickwork. You can use roofing felt, roofing felt, bitumen.

• Frame supports. Ideally even vertical and horizontal posts are fastened with staples or nails to long beams, and insulation is laid between the vertical ones. Before continuing work, it is necessary to check the racks for mobility - they should not become loose. Otherwise, they are strengthened using braces or ties.
• The purlins hold the rafter legs together. There is a ridge girder on top, and side girders on the side. If the length of the rafter legs is less than 8 m, it is not necessary to install a ridge. An element that performs its functions can be guy ropes that secure the attic ceiling.
• The final stage of constructing the system is attaching the sheathing.

Of unconditional importance for the roofing system is the sheathing, which takes on its entire load.

It consists of beams laid perpendicular to the legs of the rafters. And it is used here various material depending on the type of coating: boards, timber, plywood, timber. Although usually a 40–50 mm edged board is used for this. Soft types cover, a continuous lathing is assumed, and with harder materials, a distance between the boards of 25–40 cm is provided.

All rafters are connected at the highest point of the roof - the ridge. The ridge gives the entire structure rigidity and stability. Therefore, it is obvious that the duration of operation of the entire roof depends on the reliability of this part of the system.

The connection of the rafters, and, consequently, the formation of the ridge, occurs using the following fasteners:

• overlap is formed by laying rafters on top of each other and connecting them with through fasteners;
• cutting into half a tree as a result of laying rafters, in which half the thickness and fastening are selected at the edges;
• pruning end sides beams involves placing rafters on top of each other and trimming them in a mirror image at one angle.

In the ridge area, the rafters are secured with plates made of wood or metal, metal corners, staples, staples, wooden wedges, and nail plates. During the construction of the rafter system, such an important part of the house as the cornice is installed. To do this, either the length of the rafters is increased, or a filly is used.

Among his primary tasks:

• protecting walls from moisture and dirt;
• partially eliminates the ingress of water and snow from the roof onto the foundation of the building, preventing erosion;
• harmonious and finished look of the overall roof structure of the house.

Construction requirements

Designing an attic floor involves meeting the following requirements:

• the relationship between the communications of the attic and the whole house;
• the selected material for the attic must be technically and harmoniously combined with the building material;

• compliance of the additional floor plan with the building design;
• compliance with safety rules when carrying out work with the presence of people in residential premises;
• strict adherence to fire safety regulations;
• matching light-transparent fence general concept building style.

Installation technology

Assembly of all elements attic room happens in this order:

• It is better to calculate the strength of a building with the assistance of specialists;
• preparation of the attic and roof project can also take place with the participation of qualified people or on the basis of a ready-made option;
• dismantling the old roof if the building is no longer being rebuilt;

• manufacturing a wooden rafter frame is one of the most difficult points in the construction of an attic;
• it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the construction using a cord stretched between the arches, which ideally should be in a horizontal position;
• fixing the arches to each other with nail plates or stamping corners;
• vapor barrier material on the inside of the rafter system, secured with construction staples;
• a layer of insulation that fits tightly to the rafters;
• installation of the sheathing on the insulation material is carried out using wooden blocks;

• waterproofing is laid with outside rafter systems - often a polyethylene film is used for this, and another layer of boards is placed on top of this layer;

• for natural ventilation of the space under the roof, special cavities are installed between the hydro- and heat-insulating layers in the eaves area, which are located in the upper part of the ridge;
• covering the frame with roofing material depending on the preferences of the home owner.

Among the finishing options you can consider the following options:

• Metal tiles are used not only because of their attractive appearance. This material is excellent value for money. Durable, light both in installation and in weight. Reliably withstands impacts, but at the same time transmits all sounds well, which is the main drawback.