Can what you see be called wealth? Please clarify what kind of wealth this is and who owns it?
Where are these riches?
Is it possible to find treasures only on the surface of the Earth?
- What do we call minerals?
Teacher's message
Minerals are mineral formations of the earth's crust, the composition and properties of which allow them to be used as raw materials or fuel. There are solid, liquid and gaseous minerals.
Minerals are found in the earth's crust in the form of clusters that are their deposit. Today we will go to one of the fields.
Mystery.
- What did you learn about this mineral in the lessons of the surrounding world?
Student messages
- Oil was formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago, underground.
- Oil is a thick, oily liquid. It has a pungent smell. When it gets into the water it spreads into a thin film on its surface.
- People knew about the existence of oil in ancient times. Sometimes when digging a well, instead of water, a dark oily liquid with a pungent odor came out of the ground - oil. This liquid had a remarkable property - it burned beautifully. It was poured into lamps, used in warfare to make “fire arrows” and “fire pots”, and used to lubricate wheels and mechanisms. This was the case until the engine was invented.
Teacher's message
Today, oil is one of the most important minerals for humanity, which is used to produce gasoline, kerosene, plastics, paints, fabrics, medicines, etc. It is considered "black gold", in price it is not inferior to yellow metal.
Exercise 1.
- What profession do people search for deposits? ( geologists)
- Find oil fields on the map of Russia. (Sakhalin Island, Yamal Peninsula, Western Siberia)
- Who is replacing geologists? ( drillers)
- Drillers are building drilling rigs and drill deep wells. Drilling wells is one of the main operations in oil production. Special pumps pump oil into oil storage facility, and then by pipeline am, on special vessels - tanker ah or in tank x it is delivered to oil refineries.
Task 2.
Look at the photographs and determine what technological operations for oil production and transportation are depicted on them?
Task 3.
- Take a close look at the design of the drilling rig. A drilling derrick is a structure above a well designed for lowering and lifting drilling tools, instruments, and pipes. In its shape, it resembles a pyramid, sometimes as high as a 13-14-story building. It has 4 legs on which three platforms are attached. For greater strength, the legs are fastened together with special drafts. The parts of the drilling rig are made of pipes, and during assembly they are connected with bolts.
Task 4.
-Which material is best for creating a model of a drilling rig? Why? What should the tower be like? (stable, mobile, strong)
Task 5.
What form of work will you choose? Why? Distribute responsibilities.
Task 6.
-Consider the model of a drilling rig. Determine what parts of the designer are necessary for its manufacture, select these parts. Select the tools you need to assemble the model.
Task 7.
- Independent drawing up of a work plan based on the drawing. Product assembly.
Task 8.
Diagnostics of the quality of mastering the topic
- Complete the sentences:
Black gold is ……………………………………………. .
A drilling derrick is a structure above ……………………., intended for ……………………………………………..
2.Draw a symbol that represents oil on the map.
- Identify and underline the names of the professions of people who are involved in oil production:
Miner geologist driller pharmacist
- Determine the sequence for oil production and transportation:
… Drilling of the wells;
... Search for oil fields;
… oil transportation via pipelines;
...preparing fields for development.
Lesson about the surrounding world in 3rd grade on the topic "Minerals"The purpose of the lesson: Reveal the role of minerals in human activity and show the need for their careful use.
Lesson objectives:
Educational:
Familiarize yourself with the variety of minerals and some of their properties, methods of their extraction;
Organize schoolchildren’s research into the basic properties of minerals;
Show their important role in the country's economy.
Developmental task:
Development of the ability to analyze and build hypotheses, conclusions, and evidence based on analysis.
Develop skills in drawing up diagrams and tables.
Educational:
Show the need to protect mineral resources;
Maintain awareness of the involvement of each student in the result of joint learning activities.
Foster tolerance.
Lesson type: subject
Lesson format: lesson-research.
Form of organization of educational activities: individual - group , frontal.
Methods: partially search, research.
Terms and concepts: minerals, geologists, deposits, quarry, mine.
Equipment: multimedia projector, screen, hammer, collection of fossils, pieces of glass, nail, glass of water, white paper, magnifying glasses.
Didactic materials: teacher presentation, rocks, instruction card for studying the properties of minerals.
During the classes
Stage 1. Organizing time. Psychological mood.
Look at each other, with your eyes, wish your friend a good working mood for the entire lesson. Now look at me. I also wish you all an interesting lesson.
Stage 2. Motivation and goal setting.
Look at our Earth. The nature of our Earth is rich and diverse. Some riches are on the surface of the Earth, others are hidden deep in the Earth. (slides 1, 2, 3).
What cunning secrets
Common items melt:
Minerals sparkle in the salt shaker!
Snowflakes are crystals!
The foil that hid the candy -
The metal is the same as in rockets.
Simple clay conceals it,
Sister of sapphire and ruby!
And if you trip over a stone,
Don't think that the cobblestone is to blame,
And here is omnipotent nature
They gave you a breed!
What kind of riches and secrets do you think we will talk about today?
Read the topic of the lesson. "Minerals" (slide 4).
What problems do we need to uncover on this topic? What questions should we ask ourselves?
(What minerals do we know? Where are they located? How do people use them in their lives? How should minerals be protected? How are they mined?)
What problem do we pose in class? ( Why do minerals play a big role in human life?)(slide 5).
Why do we need to know this?
How will we find out the unknown about minerals? How will we work? ( working in groups).
Stage 3. Planning to find a solution.
You are placed in groups of 5 people.
What is the first step for coordinated work in groups that needs to be taken to find answers to all the questions posed? ( distribute roles in the group: organizer, secretary, informants).
Stage 4. Implementation of the plan.
Frontal work.
Study. What are “minerals” and “fossils” (slide6).
Now work in a group and try to define “Minerals”.
(“Minerals” are natural resources that people extract from the depths of the earth and its surface and use). (slide7).
- If we know what minerals are, then in order to know how to use them, where to apply them, what else do you think we should know about them? (properties). (slide8).
Each mineral has some property. Now we will identify these properties - examine them and enter them into a table. Envelope No. 1.
Properties of minerals.
Name
State
Color
Main property
Where is it used?
Liquid; light; oily
brown
flammability
Coal
Solid; heavy
flammability
Very hard
heavy
red, gray, white
strength
construction
Oil(slide9). Study. Show the teacher experiments and fill out the table. Conclusion (slide 10).
Coal.
Explore according to plan (slide 11).
Plan for studying the properties of coal.
1. Examine a sample of coal. Determine its color. Does it have shine?
2. Place the piece in water. Does he float on its surface or sink?
3. Run your fingernail over the rock.
If a trace remains, then the rock is soft;
If you can scratch it with a nail, then it is hard;
If there is no nail mark, then it is very hard.
4. Coal is hard, but suppose it is brittle. Prove it! Find a way to prove it.
5. Where is it used and based on what properties?
Compare these two minerals using the table.
Plan for studying the properties of granite(slide 12).
1. Examine a piece of granite through a magnifying glass. Determine what color and what it is made of? Think about what fruit it looks like and why is it called granite?
2. Determine whether water is lighter or heavier?
3. Compare the hardness of granite and the hardness of coal, leaving scratches on it with a fingernail or nail.
4. Make sure granite is especially durable. Run granite and charcoal across the glass. What will leave a mark or scratch on the glass (charcoal or granite)?
Conclusion from the table about granite.
Let's compare coal and granite in the table.
Fizminutka(slide 13).
They walked and walked along the path,
We found a lot of stones.
We sat down, collected ourselves and moved on.
Along the path, along the path
Jump on the left leg
And along the same path
We jump on the right leg.
We'll run along the path and reach the lawn.
On the lawn, on the lawn
We'll jump like bunnies.
Stop! Let's rest a little!
And we’ll go to work again!”
We continue to work. We still have a lot to learn.
So, knowing the properties of minerals, what can we now learn? ( where is it used and how is it mined)
Stage 5. Work according to the textbook. From 49-50. Appendix: Envelope No. 2.(see at the end of the article)
Who do you think geologists are?
Now each group will be geologists - scouts. You go on exploration and in a few minutes tell us about the methods of mining. The textbook will help you with this envelope No. 2.
Each geological group has its own task. You will begin your story with the words: “We are geologists just returned from an expedition...” There is also additional information to help with your text. Use it.
Before the stories, let's work with the concepts: (slide 14).
Geologists – people engaged in the study and search of minerals.
Place of Birth - places where minerals lie in the depths of the earth and on its surface.
Quarry – This is an open pit.
Mines – These are deep wells.
(Children read prepared messages) (slide 15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22).
Now, based on your stories, we will draw up a small diagram - a “spider” (slide 23).
Why do people need minerals and where do they use them?
Guys, two ovals have not been studied. To study them, let's listen to the messages. (Children talk about salt and natural gas) (slide24,25,26,27).
Stage 6. Careful use.
- Can our economy manage without natural resources?
- Minerals are the source of our life.
Tell me, what will happen if minerals disappear from our Earth?
What should a person do to make good use of the wealth of underground storehouses?
Stage 7. Conclusion(slide 28,29).
Minerals are the treasure of our Earth. Therefore, like any other treasure, they need to be protected and protected. The mineral reserves on Earth are not endless. It is necessary to properly and carefully treat underground wealth that cannot be restored. How will you and I carefully use these riches?
Stage 8. Reflection(slide 30).
- What tasks were set at the beginning of the lesson?
Do you think we coped with the task in class?
What helped us in our work?
What discoveries did you make for yourself?
Stage 9 Job evaluation.
Group assessment.
Stage 1 Homework(slide 31)
Raise your hand if you wanted to learn more about minerals after the lesson and prepare a report.
There are many more minerals on earth. So I suggest you prepare a message about the mineral resources of the Novosibirsk region.
If someone finds it difficult, then I suggest to those children to prepare a message about any mineral.
Application to the lesson. Envelopes.
Task for group 1. Coal.
Coal is called hard coal because it is hard and has long been considered a stone. But in fact, coal was formed from ancient plants. But then people came and saw these deposits. Coal is mined in two ways: open - mining in a quarry, and closed - mining in mines.
Quarry – This is an open pit.
Mine – this is a deep well.
Coal is one of the most essential minerals. He heats the house, gives his human friend medicine. Without coal it is impossible to smelt metal or cook food. They also make perfumes and various fragrant syrups from it..
Group 2 assignment .Oil.
Our country is very rich in oil. Until now, scientists have not come to a consensus on how I was formed. Many argue that over hundreds of millions of years, the substances that once made up algae, fish and crustaceans turned into oil. It is now impossible to survive without oil in the modern world. More than a thousand substances are made from this oily brownish liquid. For example, the purest gasoline for aviation and lubricating oils for cars. Petroleum is used to produce perfumes, medicines, photographic films, and plastics that can be used to build houses and make cars.
In order to extract oil, drilling rigs are built and deep wells are drilled.
Task for group 3. Iron ore.
For a long time, people have been looking for deposits of ores containing various metals. Iron, cast iron, and steel are smelted from ferrous metal ores. And from non-ferrous metal ores - aluminum, copper, zinc, lead. As a rule, products are made not from pure metals, but from alloys. There are so many metal objects around us: scissors, spoons, pots, buckets... and machine tools in factories, planes and cars, trains on rails, and the rails themselves. All this is made of metals! And the metals are obtained from ores mined in nature.
Task for group 4. Construction Materials. Sand, clay, limestone.
Sand is a loose rock consisting of tiny particles. This is a product of the destruction of hard rocks. Indispensable in glass production and road construction.
Clay is a widely used building material. Brick is made from clay. They also make beautiful porcelain and earthenware dishes. Clay is formed as a result of weathering of various rocks. In water it gets wet, becomes viscous and plastic.
Limestone lies in the ground in huge layers. An ordinary stone of white or gray color. Sometimes entire mountains are made of it. Used in construction. They write on the blackboard with chalk. The walls are whitewashed. Used in the construction of houses.
“Demonstrative pronouns in English” - these. Those are clocks. Remember. These are cats. English language, 4th grade. These are frogs. Demonstrative pronouns. This is a refrigerator. That is a TV-set. Company Logo. Those are bananas. This is a clock. that. This is an apple. those. this. That is a book.
“Problems “Quadrilaterals”” - The investigation is conducted by geometry experts. Trapezoid. Connoisseurs. Rhombus. Work in groups. A series of mysterious incidents. Drawing up guidelines. Gang. Quadrangle. Parallelogram. Opposite parties. Types of trapezoid. Draw of lots. April. Graphic dictation. The order of solving problems. Mathematical relay race.
“Site Design” - Web surfers. Traveling the web. Web analytics. Project manager. By now we already know how a Web site differs from a regular one. Information architects. Criteria for evaluation. How to make a website for the Internet. Site development. Instructions for completing the Web quest. Report protection plan. Website design.
“Comets, asteroids, meteorites” - A meteorite is a solid body of cosmic origin that fell to the surface of the Earth. Meteorites. Many of the comets belong to so-called families. What are comets themselves? The committee has a large meteorite collection. The meteor body enters the Earth's atmosphere at a speed of about 11-25 km/sec.
“Subtracting and Adding Prime Numbers” - Equation. Addition and subtraction of natural numbers. Oral work. Subtracting a sum from a number. Formulate the laws of addition. Perform the addition in the most convenient way. Working with the textbook. Subtraction of natural numbers. Find the perimeter. Find the perimeter of the polygon.
“Examples of plants” - Using amber. Seaweed. Green mosses. Flowering plants. Amber. Moss habitats. Mosses. Chlamydomonas. Golden algae. Prickly spruce. Brown algae. Coniferous plants. Red algae. Diversity of plants on Earth. The night before Midsummer. Cypress pea fruit. Teacher's work.
There are a total of 23,687 presentations in the topic
Technology. 4th grade. Lesson plans.
M.: 2016. - 288 p.
The manual presents lesson developments for the course “Technology” for the 4th grade of general education institutions for the teaching materials of the educational systems “Perspective”, “School of Russia” and “Harmony”, as well as thematic planning for the current textbooks of the “Primary School of the 21st Century” system, meeting the requirements of the Federal state educational standard for primary general education. The publication is addressed to primary school teachers of general education institutions, teachers of extended day groups, students of pedagogical universities and colleges, and students of the IPK.
Format: pdf
Size: 5.2 MB
Watch, download: drive.google
CONTENT
From the author 3
LESSON DEVELOPMENTS ON THE EDUCATIONAL COMPLEX "PERSPECTIVE" AND "SCHOOL OF RUSSIA"
Thematic planning 6
Introducing Tutorial 7
Lesson 1. How to work with textbook 8
Man and earth 13
Lessons 2, 3. Carriage factory. Products “Chassis (bogie)”, “Car body”, “Passenger car” 14
Lesson 4. Minerals. Product "Drilling rig" 24
Lesson 5. Minerals. Product “Malachite box” 31
Lessons 6, 7. Automobile plant. Product "KAMAZ" 36
Lesson 8. Mint. Project "Medal". Product “Sides of a Coin” 44
Lesson 9. Mint. Project "Medal". Product “Medal” 50
Lessons 10, 11. Earthenware factory. Products “Base for a vase”, “Vase” 53
Lesson 12. Sewing factory. Product "Tack" 61
Lesson 13. Sewing factory. Products “New Year’s toy”, “Bird” 68
Lessons 14, 15. Shoe factory. Product “Model of children's summer shoes” 73
Lessons 16, 1 7. Woodworking production. Product “Ladder-support for plants” 83
Lessons 18, 19. Confectionery factory. Products “Potato cake”, “Chocolate cookies” 93
Lesson 20. Household appliances. Product “Table lamp” 101
Lesson 21. Household appliances. Product "Lampshade". Assembly of table lamp 108
Lesson 2 2. Greenhouse farming. Product “Flowers for a school flowerbed” 114
Man and water 119
Lesson 23. Vodokanal. Products “Filter for water purification”, “Streamer” 120
Lesson 24. Port. Product “Rope ladder” 125
Lesson 25. Knot weaving. Product “Bracelet” 131
Man and air 136
Lesson 2 6. Aircraft construction. Rocket science. Product "Airplane" 138
Lesson 2 7. Launch vehicle. Product "Boost rocket" 144
Lesson 28. Aircraft. Product “Kite” 148
Man and information 152
Lessons 2 9, 3 0. Publishing. Products “Title Page”, “Table” 154
Lesson 31. Creating book content. Practical work “Content” 162
Lessons 3 2, 3 3. Bookbinding. Product “Traveller's Diary” 166
Lesson 34. Summing up the year. Presentation of completed works 168
LESSON-LESSON DEVELOPMENTS ON MC "HARMONY"
Thematic planning 171
From time immemorial - to the present day 172
Lesson 1. Introduction. Ceramics in the culture of the peoples of the world 173
Lesson 2. Vessel with a magical ornament (tear-off applique, painting) 177
Lessons 3, 4. Architectural ceramics. Tile. Decorative tiles. Collective panel (modeling, painting) 181
Lessons 5, 6. Weaving from strips of birch bark, wood chips, bast or paper. Wicker box 185
Lessons 7, 8. Jewelry in the culture of the peoples of the world. Making jewelry based on traditional canons of rhythm and symmetry 192
Traditions of craftsmen in products for the holiday 198
Lesson 9. Paper plastic. Making molds using corrugation 199
Lesson 10. Paper plastic. Folding card 202
Lesson 11. Gift packaging 206
Lesson 12. Design of New Year's gift packaging 210
Lesson 13. Traditions of New Year holidays and carnivals. Carnival hats (origami) 213
Lesson 14. Traditional folk holidays. Christmas gingerbread according to traditional canons (modeled from salt dough) 217
Lessons 15, 16. Bas-relief in a decorative product. Design and sculpting of a decorative frame 223
Masters and apprentices. Winter crafts 227
Lesson 17. Knitting as a type of needlework. Simple crochet techniques 227
Lessons 18, 19. The simplest crochet techniques. Knitting panels 232
Lesson 20. Loop stitch: techniques 235
Lessons 21, 2 2. Loop stitch and its use in finishing products. Decorative pockets 239
Lessons 2 3, 2 4. Cardboard edging 242
Lessons 2 5, 2 6. Hardcover 246
Every business has its own secrets 250
Lesson 27 Techniques and technologies for applique from straw 250
Lessons 2 8, 2 9. We give people our skills. Toys made of straw and thread 254
Lessons 3 0, 31. Metal in the hands of a master. Foil stamping 257
Lesson 32. Secrets of the paper sheet. The ancient art of origami. Kusudama 261
Lesson 33. Secrets of the paper sheet. The ancient art of origami. Sanbo box 265
Lesson 34. Summing up the year. Exhibition of creative works of students 269
APPLICATIONS
Thematic planning according to teaching materials “Primary school of the XXI century” 271
Safety rules for technology lessons 276
Physical education minutes 278
References 283