Which table lamp to choose for a student, work, office. Errors of choice and what they lead to. Ceiling lamps: what is the difference, which one is better to choose, how many and where to install? How to calculate the lighting area of ​​a lamp

A chandelier is one of the key elements of the decor. A correctly selected lighting fixture emphasizes the style of the interior and can qualitatively change a person’s perception of the room. Not only the chandelier, but also the lighting itself affects emotional condition, allows you to emphasize certain details of the room.

With all this, there is such a variety of lamps on the market that an unprepared person can easily get confused. Therefore, before choosing a chandelier, it is recommended to take into account the features of these lighting devices.

Basic parameters when choosing a chandelier

There are several indicators that you should first keep in mind when buying a chandelier. We are talking about its size, type, color, style of execution.

Size

When choosing a chandelier, you should take into account the dimensions of the room where it will be placed. The lamp should not be too large so as not to create a feeling of overload in the interior. At the same time, the chandelier should not look too small - disproportionate to the scale of the room.

Parameters taken into account include height, diameter, and the number of horns or arms lighting fixture. To select a chandelier according to the size of the room, it is recommended to adhere to the following formula: width + length of the room × 10. The result of the calculation is the diameter of the chandelier (in centimeters). For example, the width of the room is 5 and the length is 7 m. The required diameter of the chandelier will be 120 cm (5+7×10=120).

Form

When selecting a chandelier, you need to consider its shape. This parameter is influenced by the characteristics of the room. For example, for a room with a high ceiling, it is advisable to choose a pendant type chandelier, as it will visually fill the space and give the room coziness.

But for rooms with low ceilings pendant lamps are not suitable: it is better to buy a flat ceiling model. Elongated lighting fixtures are suitable for long and narrow rooms: firstly, they visually follow the shape of the room, and secondly, they allow for more efficient lighting.

Color

Selection suitable color devices is another significant parameter. The decision is made based on the overall color scheme in the room. For example, for a classic interior with the presence large quantity details, a chandelier whose colors radiate warmth is best suited.

Type of design

You also need to choose the right type of structure for the appropriate situation. There are ceiling and pendant lamps. Above we talked about the relationship between ceiling height and chandelier design. You should also consider the type of room. For example, hanging products are more often used in living rooms, and ceiling ones in bathrooms.

Interior style

A correctly chosen chandelier should match the interior of the room. To avoid mistakes, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

1. Do not overuse the use of colored lamps. They give light in a certain color scheme, which can significantly change the perception of the interior of a room. In addition, not all colors are comfortable from a psychological point of view.
2. For placement in classic style best option- crystal chandelier with five arms or two tiers.
3. High-tech chandeliers include elements such as chrome rods or shades with a minimum number of details.
4. Plastic most often visually reduces the appearance of the room. Even expensive material is not suitable for all styles. For example, it may look ridiculous in a classic interior. However, in modern styles quite appropriate. Also, plastic parts fit harmoniously into interior solutions in kitchens, bathrooms and children's rooms.
5. The chandelier should not blend in with the color of the walls. The best option- a lamp that contrasts with the tone of wallpaper or other finishing material.

Specifications

When choosing a chandelier, you need to pay attention to technical specifications devices.

Lamp power

For the lamp to work effectively, it is necessary to select correct amount lampshades and light bulb power corresponding to the tasks. In bedrooms, small floor lamps and lamps at the head of the bed are used. If we're talking about about the kitchen, spot lighting is relevant.

• kitchen, living room ( bright light) - 20 W at square meter;
• bathroom, office, children's room (average illumination) - from 15 to 18 W per square meter;
• bedroom (dimmed light) - from 10 to 12 W per square meter.

Note! When calculating the power of a chandelier, you need to take into account the total indicator for all lamps plus a small margin (10-15%).

The brightness of the lamps can be adjusted using a special device - a dimmer. In this case, the brightness is programmed in advance. However, if the lighting device has a step-down transformer, a dimmer should not be used, as this may lead to damage to the lamp.

Don't forget about the condition of the wiring. It must withstand resistance appropriate to the task.

Types of light bulbs

Several types of light bulbs are used in chandeliers:

1. Standard incandescent lamps. They have a pleasant warm glow. Disadvantages include wasteful energy consumption and short service life. Also, incandescent lamps are unsafe in chandeliers with textile and plastic elements.
2. Halogen. They are characterized by high-quality color reproduction, as well as a long service life.
3. Luminescent. Very economical, but distinguished by a cold glow.
4. LED. They have the most natural spectrum and are highly economical. However, such light sources are the most expensive.

Chandelier elements

1. Frame. This element is made in the form of suspensions or bases for installing horns. At the bottom of the body there are sockets with lamps and a diffuser mounted in them. There is a plug installed on top that hides the area where the device wires connect to the electrical wiring.
2. Reflectors. These components are not available on all devices. They are characterized by the presence of a mirror surface. The light reflected from it disperses throughout the room.
3. Diffusers and lampshades. Their main task is to facilitate the smooth flow of light throughout the room.

Additional factors when choosing

There are other parameters that it is advisable to take into account when choosing a chandelier:

1. Control and switching method. The lamps can be connected all or in predetermined combinations. There are modifications on sale that are equipped with a remote control, through which you can control not only turning the device on and off, but also the brightness of the light.
2. Direction of light. The light flux can go in any direction, but should not blind. If the distribution of light will reflect from the ceiling, you will need slightly more powerful bulbs.
3. Materials. Preferred materials are glass, metal or plastic. They are easy to clean and less flammable than fabric or paper.

Choosing a chandelier based on the type of room

Different types of rooms have their own characteristics that need to be taken into account when choosing a chandelier:

1. Living room. When choosing a lamp for the living room, it is recommended to give preference to a device that gives a bright but warm glow. For rooms with high ceilings perfect choice- massive hanging chandelier with crystal elements. This lighting fixture looks solid and goes well with classic interiors. Lamps with adjustable brightness and the ability to simultaneously connect only part of the existing light bulbs are preferable.
2. Bedroom. A lamp with a lampshade is suitable for the bedroom. This solution allows for dim lighting, which creates an intimate, relaxing atmosphere. Due to the compactness of most bedrooms, buyers most often opt for ceiling devices.
3. Children's room. In rooms for children, the main task is to ensure the safety of guests. Not welcome here crystal chandeliers or thin glass lamps. It is best to opt for ceiling products made of plastic or textiles.

1. Hallway. In the hallway, lighting should be arranged so that the light falls not on the mirror, but on the person located near it. The model for the hallway is selected based on its shape: for long corridors- oblong ceiling models, for rectangular hallways and high ceilings - pendant chandeliers.
2. Kitchen. In such a room it is important to protect the light source from high humidity and getting fat on it. In this regard, chandeliers with textile or paper lampshades are not suitable for the kitchen. The best option is metal, plastic, glass or acrylic surfaces. They are water resistant and easy to clean from grease. Wooden ones are also possible, but only if they are varnished or painted. Forged chandeliers look beautiful, but they need regular cleaning and protection from dirt. Also an important factor for the kitchen is the brightness of the lighting, so the light bulbs must be powerful enough.

Typical mistakes when choosing

When purchasing a chandelier, mistakes are possible. The most common of them will be discussed below.

1. The area is too small for lighting. Very often the power of the lighting device does not meet the need. Therefore, you should calculate in advance the area of ​​the room the required power lamps A 5-arm chandelier with 60 W lamps is enough for 18 sq. m. Power standards are set out in detail in the Code of Practice “Natural and artificial lighting" Also the guide is SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278-03.
2. Insufficient chandelier size. This problem is common when it comes to very high ceilings (over 3 m) and large rooms ah (more than 25 sq. m). A medium-sized chandelier would look out of place here.
3. Incorrect height of the chandelier placement.
4. Inappropriate chandelier from a design point of view.

1. Dark surfaces do not reflect light well. In this regard, in bright room always lighter with equal bulb power.
2. The lamp power for high ceilings should be higher.
3. Uneven or rough surfaces do not reflect light well and form microshadows. As a result, wooden buildings often have dim lighting.
4. The diameter of the conductors extending from the housing should not be less than 0.75 square meters. mm. A more preferable option is 1.5 sq. mm. If the wires are too thin, then when the chandelier is turned on, they may not withstand the current and melt.
5. If there are defects on the ceiling, it is advisable to choose a lamp whose lamps are directed downward. This advice is especially relevant if you have suspended ceilings. Upward lighting will highlight any defects (irregularities, stains, noticeable joints, etc.).

1. It is recommended to pay attention to the type of fastening. For example, if a hook is installed on the ceiling, it will no longer be possible to hang the chandeliers by fastening them to the strip.
2. For plasterboard ceilings Do not buy a lamp that is too heavy. His Weight Limit- 5 kg. The heavier weight may cause drywall to burst. The most reliable base for mounting the lamp is concrete.
3. Chuck size. If you purchase a socket of a non-standard type, you may have problems selecting a light bulb base. In this regard, it is advisable to purchase a lamp with the most common cartridge - E27.
4. Unusual shapes of lamps look impressive. However, if they are equipped with non-standard lamps, it will be difficult for them to find replacements if necessary.
5. Having a remote control will make it much easier to control the light.

AND main advice: Special attention should be given to the quality of the lamp. It is recommended to look at the quality of the joints, the absence of play in the cartridges, and the reliability of the chain. The chandelier should not have a smell - this indicates low-quality material (Chinese-made products often suffer from this defect).

First of all, you should remember that it is impossible to combine two properties at once - high quality products and their low cost. A good chandelier costs a lot, but the cost is worth it since the product will last for many years.

It is difficult to understand the numerous parameters when first faced with the question of choosing a high-quality LED lamp. Let's consider the main parameters and choose an LED lamp, and also determine important parameters contributing to the long service life of the lamp and ease of operation. When you need to choose the best LED lamp, spotlight, lamp, chandelier, armstrong or office lamp, pay attention to the following tips:

1. 1. 1. Power consumption, Watt (W). The higher the power, the more electricity the selected lamp consumes. However, high power does not mean high brightness.
      2. The brightness of light is measured in lumens. Specifying ranges is not allowed. (wrong: 2000-2500 lm, correct: 2000 lm). The efficiency of high-quality LEDs is 90–120 lm/W. When talking about brightness, Watts are sometimes indicated (for example, a lamp with a brightness of 30 W). Because of different types It is not always possible to understand the brightness of a lamp by watts. The conversion table for lumens to watts is given below:
         

         To select an LED lamp by power, you need to divide the power of the incandescent lamp you are replacing by approximately 8.

         How many lumens and what is the luminous flux in the lamp? For example, 700 lm = 8 W LED = 15 W fluorescent = 60 W incandescent.

      3. Light temperature (color). Warm (yellow light) - 3000 K, neutral (medium) - 4000 K, cold (white) - 5000 K, 6000 K, 7000 K. Without ranges, it should be indicated (3000 K, not 3000-4000 K). By choosing the parameters of the LED lamp, you will get a uniform color, rather than zebra and white-yellow stripes. Suitable for apartment warm colors 3000 K - 4000 K, and for an office, store, shopping center, warehouse, plant or factory choose raster lamps of cooler tones 4000 K - 6000 K.
      4. The lamp/luminaire uses a high-quality driver (power supply) manufactured by Philips, Invertek, OPPLE. Drivers often fail in luminaires, not LEDs. The driver will tell you which LED lamps to choose.
      5. LEDs from the world's best LED manufacturers in the lamp: CREE (USA), Philips Lumileds Lighting (USA) or LG (South Korea). After 1 year, cheap LEDs change color, a blue tint appears and the brightness of the lamp decreases.
      6. Light flickering is not higher than 1%, or better yet, completely absent. Flicker is dangerous and damages vision. Pay attention to the parameter when choosing an office lamp or an LED lamp for your home. Very important for industrial enterprises, factories and factories.
      7. The warranty on the lamp is at least 2 years, and preferably 5 years. The lamp can work without problems for 5-15 years. Constant repairs of the selected office lamp during the warranty period will create additional costs, including those of a reputational nature. Choose quality products right away.
      8. Availability of valid European certificates CB (EEC), TÜV (Germany) or STÜ (Switzerland). Certificates will confirm the technical parameters of the lamp declared by the seller. Based on the tested parameters, choosing an LED lamp will not be difficult.
      9. Does not create glare or reflections. Optical elements respond (lenses for each LED in the lamp for optimal opening angle and light distribution). When choosing a LED ceiling lamp (raster) for the office, it is important that there is no glare and comfortable work all day.
      10. Color rendering (CRI) no less than 80 Ra. The higher the color rendering, the better. Important for designers and architects.
      11. The generalized discomfort index (UGR) is not higher than 16. The lower the UGR, the more pleasant it is to work under the lamp and the less it creates discomfort and glare. It is important for those who work with drawings and texts, for example, an accountant.
      12. LED lights must have electronic ies files. They allow you to build a 3D model of the room and accurately calculate the illumination and find out the number and location of lamps in the room.
      13. High quality packaging of the lamp (thick multi-layer cardboard fluting, the presence of a foam mold, protection from moisture and other means of preserving the lamp). The packaging guarantees safety during transportation of the LED lamp. When choosing street or industrial LED lamps and large quantities, the percentage of defects will decrease.
      14. The factory has multi-stage quality control, production is ISO certified. Certification of the plant guarantees the stability of the quality of its products.
      15. The factory is testing each LED lamp before sending. Confidence in everyone lamp in quality.
      16. The company's brand and factory have existed for at least 15-20 years, the products are in demand in other countries, and the plant area is at least 100,000 sq.m. and the number of employees is at least 2,000 people. You can come to the factory and see production with your own eyes.
      17. Dust and moisture protection class. For an office or home, IP20 is sufficient. For a bathroom, bathhouse, sauna, IP44 is required, and for a street, factory, industry, IP 65-66 is required.
      18. Operating temperature. When choosing industrial LED lamps, the operating temperature range can be from -50° to + 60°C.
      19. Vibration resistance. On the roadway, in a factory or factory, there are often increased vibrations on supports. High-quality LED industrial or street lamps have protection against arbitrary unscrewing of fasteners or disconnection of wiring.
      20. The actual service life is 15,000-50,000 hours. International certificates will confirm the technical parameters of the lamp declared by the seller. This saves on replacement and maintenance in the future. Especially if the ceilings are 15 meters high and there are more than 100 lamps.

What would be the reaction of the discoverers of electricity and the light bulb if they visited our time?

Lighting devices follow us everywhere; without them, a comfortable life is no longer possible. We turn on the lamps not only at night, but also during the day. They accompany us from early childhood, in classes at school, at home, while studying or working - everywhere we go without lighting. Today, for working at a desk, widely used table lamps, not a single schoolchild’s desk is complete without a table lamp. Light plays a big role in the development of the visual system in children and adolescents; an incorrectly selected table lamp can cost parents dearly in the future. Proper selection and installation of a lighting device will ensure the preservation of vision and will allow you to study and work in an environment that is comfortable for the eyes and thinking.

Types of lamps

Based on their main design, lamps are divided into floor and table lamps.

Floor lamps or floor lamps, the optimal option for installation in the hall, living room, bedroom or any other rooms of the house. Floor lamps are used not only for lighting, but also as decorative element. Structurally, the floor lamp is made in the form of a lampshade or lampshade on a high leg. Not so long ago, floor lamps looked a little different; the lamp was framed by a lampshade made of a variety of materials: glass, metal, fabric, plastic or even paper. This type of floor lamp is considered classic, however, modern floor lamps are found in completely unusual shapes and designs; futuristic models in the Art Nouveau style perfectly complement the minimalist design of apartments.

It is worth considering that a floor lamp will not illuminate the entire room evenly; as a rule, the lighting area is narrowly localized. A floor lamp must be selected depending on the purpose of purchase. For reading a book or doing handicrafts, an option with a soft diffused and widely directed light flux is suitable. To play with light and add additional accents to the design, there are models with a rotating “head” of the body and patterns on the lampshade.

Manufacturers complement the lamps with the ability to adjust the height of the legs, swivel and flexible connections. The “head” of the body or lampshade is removable, which allows you to wash or wipe off dust. Option floor lamp convenient as there is no need to mount to a wall or ceiling, portable design makes it possible without special effort change the location of the floor lamp along with the decor of the house.

Table lamps, owe their popularity to their compact and mobile design, ease of use and reasonable cost. Table lamps are divided into working and decorative. There are a number of requirements for working lighting devices, non-compliance with which can adversely affect the user’s vision. While decorative lamps They are produced more for aesthetic purposes, with different color temperatures, sometimes not familiar to the eye. They are united by one feature - the small height of the legs and installation on elevated objects - bedside tables, tables, chests of drawers.

Lamps for work and study are equipped with various types of surface mounting. The leg is most often made with the ability to adjust the tilt, or is movable in any direction. Flexible leg design allows for customization optimal angle lighting, which is very important during long-term work. The light should not fall strictly from above or cast a shadow from a hand or objects on the study area. The optimal lighting option for right-handed people is on the left side; for left-handed people, on the contrary, the main thing is to follow the principle of “working area without shadows.” The same applies to schoolchildren; an incorrectly chosen angle of the light flux will have a detrimental effect on the visual system and will push them to develop eye disease, especially those who are predisposed to it.

Decorative table lamps, like floor lamps, are not recommended for use for work or study; even reading books is not always useful in such lighting. You should choose a decorative table lamp based on the interior and design; decide for yourself whether the lamp will complement the interior or become its main element. Many models, even at the usual color temperature of the lamp, emit bright and unusual colors for the eyes: red, green, blue, orange. It is worth considering whether translucent or loose lampshade material will affect the color of the lighting.

Types of mounting table lamps

Before purchasing a lamp for work or study, you should determine exactly where it is possible to attach the device. Modern views fasteners allow you to securely install the lighting fixture without resorting to additional drilling and making holes in the furniture.

The main and popular types of fastening are:

- Clamp . Most reliable look mobile installation of the lamp, the stand screwed to the edge of the furniture is firmly fixed and will not fall off due to sliding or an accidental impact. However this method acceptable for infrequent reinstallation of the lamp from place to place. A lamp with a clamp should have many points for adjusting the angle and height on the body, so as not to unnecessarily twist the mount. Basically, rotating mechanisms are provided at the connection between the base and the leg, the middle of the leg and the attachment of the lampshade to the leg, which allows you to change the lighting angles without resorting to a complete reinstallation of the device.

- Clothespin/clip . Not the most reliable type of fastening for heavy metal structures, but the best option for lightweight lamps with an LED lamp and a small body. It is better to choose a clothespin with additional rubberized pads or suction cups to prevent it from sliding off the surface. The clothespin guarantees quick installation that even a child can handle, since you don’t need to put in much effort. Choose a clothespin with a tight spring; over time, the spring may weaken, and an initially weak spring may not hold the structure at all. Pay attention to the weight of the lamp body; the lower the weight of the structure, the more reliable the fastening of the clothespin and the adjustment of the flexible leg. Also take into account the maximum thickness to which it is possible to attach a clothespin; as a rule, they are designed for fastening the ends of chipboard furniture.

- Stand . A classic that never goes out of date, if you have enough space on your desk to put a lamp with a stand, then this option is for you. Stands vary in size and shape, and some have suction cups for a more secure hold on smooth surfaces. If there are no vacuum suction cups at the bottom of the stand or the surface has a texture, then you need to take a closer look at models with a rubberized bottom or with small rubber pads. Pay attention to the weight of the stand; the heavier it is, the more stable the structure will be. Lightweight stands with a heavy top can tip over from the slightest vibration of the surface. It is recommended to install the lamp with stand away from elbows and working area to avoid tipping over.

Base and type of light source

Today, increasing preference is given to LED lamps; often LEDs in table lamps are installed in such a way that it is not possible to reinstall them. Of course, there are still models with standard and familiar bases E14 and E27. The advantages of purchasing a lamp with a standard base include the ability to replace a lamp that has expired. For standard sockets there is a wide range of lamps that differ in color temperature, power, and service life. But there is also significant drawback, the dimensions and weight of the device are several times greater than those of a design with LEDs. On the other hand, LED lamps are rarely repairable, although they last a long time. When choosing an LED lamp, the color temperature and power must be selected immediately.

Choosing the optimal power

The power of a desk lamp should not exceed 60 W, especially if it is an incandescent lamp. High power guarantees bright light, but is it necessary for painstaking and long work? The luminous flux should not be strong, but have a soft diffused glow as close as possible to daylight. Pay attention to the installation of the lamp; the lamp should not peek out from behind the lampshade, much less be at eye level. For large work surfaces, the maximum lighting power is suitable, but in this case, pay attention to the heating of the lamp. If the table is small and installed near the work area, then it is better to choose a lamp of lower power.

Power cord length

Make sure that there is an outlet near the installation site, since the power cord for the lamps is of standard length and varies from 1.2 to 2 meters. Please note that the lamp can be installed on upper shelves table and will need a length of more than 1.2 meters. The cord should not be taut or lying on the table or floor and interfere with work. To avoid constantly pulling the plug from the socket, choose a model with a switch on a cable or stand.

Let's sum it up

Based on the above, it is necessary to select groups of lamps for specific purposes. For schoolchildren or office workers with a small desk area, table lamps with mounts are suitable. The large work surface allows you to purchase the device on a stand. If the main goal is to illuminate the room, then a floor lamp will perfectly complement the decor.

Of course, you should not forget about the cost of the lighting device; it is not always possible to buy an expensive model. From budget options You can also find high-quality lamps, many of which are already equipped with lamps or LEDs, and some have touch controls.

In an apartment or house, in addition to style and appearance lamp, it is also important to determine its power. The description of the lamps indicates such a parameter as the lamp power, so the question arises, what should it be and according to what should it be calculated? In this article we will answer this question, and also tell you how to choose a chandelier based on the area of ​​the room and how to correctly calculate the number of lamps.

What should be the power of the lamp depending on the room?

The required level of illumination depends, first of all, on the room it is intended for, since for the corridor and kitchen it is necessary different quantities Sveta. Here it is also worth mentioning such factors as the height of the ceilings, the size of the room, and the dominant color in the interior.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account what role the lamp should play in the light composition, whether it will organize task lighting or additional decorative lighting.

The table shows average power standards in accordance with a ceiling height of no more than 3 m.

Room name	Required power
	12-14 W per 1 sq.m.
Pantry, glazed balcony/loggia	10-12 W per 1 sq.m
	10 W per 1 sq.m
Bathroom	14-16 W per 1 sq.m.
	15-18 W per 1 sq.m.
	15-18 W per 1 sq.m.
Living room	20 W per 1 sq.m.
Study	20 W per 1 sq.m.

How to choose lamps according to power in a chandelier?

Each lighting fixture has a value written on it. maximum power 1 incandescent light bulb. Basically, the restriction applies to the material of the socket itself in the chandelier: ceramics or plastic. Typically this figure ranges from 40W - 60W.

Note! The higher the power of the lamp itself, the more the electrical wires and components of the lighting device heat up. You cannot use lamps with a higher wattage than the wattage specified by the luminaire manufacturer.

Before purchasing lamps for your chandeliers and lamps, it is advisable to at least general outline Understand the advantages and disadvantages of lighting fixture types.

Different types of lamps can be screwed into the same base, designed for a certain power, but the lighting efficiency and energy consumption will be different. A fluorescent lamp is good because it practically does not heat the base, consumes 5 times less electricity than an incandescent lamp and lasts 10 times longer. As for LED lamps, these are new generation lamps, their advantages are long term service life from 12 to 30 years, high energy savings, and no heating of the base. However the price different types lamps are also completely different, as is the different lighting area of ​​the lamp.

We have compiled a table that will tell you the correspondence of the powers of different lamps for lamps:

Incandescent lamp
Fluorescent Lamp
LED lamp

To save energy and operate safely, it is recommended to purchase energy-saving fluorescent lamps and LED lamps.

How to calculate the lighting area of ​​a lamp

Calculation of the number of lamps by area No. 1

Let's give an example of calculating lamps for lighting a children's bedroom with a ceiling height of 2.7 meters and with total area 10 sq.m. For general lighting of the room, we take an incandescent lamp power of 17 W per square meter. We get 17 * 10 = 170 W. Accordingly, the total illumination should be at least 170 W. That is, we purchase a chandelier with three incandescent lamps with a power of 60 W or 4 spotlights of at least 60 W each. You can also count on energy-saving lamps power of at least 11W.

Calculation of the required power for area No. 2

If you need to illuminate a living room with a ceiling height of 2.6 meters and a total room area of ​​20 square meters. m we need to get 400 W (20 W per 20 sq. m). To do this, we purchase a chandelier with five incandescent lamps with a power of at least 80W or 6 spotlights at least 60W.

Calculating the number of lamps by area is considered the most effective method selection of lighting fixtures.

• To illuminate large rooms, it is not enough to install many powerful spotlights or chandeliers with many lamps. In this case, there may only be too much light flow, which will not fulfill the main function, but will rather strain the eyesight. It is better to provide general lighting based on the number of Watts per area in combination with additional lighting in the form of floor lamps, sconces and wall lamps, which will allow you to accurately illuminate the necessary areas and, if necessary, create a comfortable atmosphere.
• Depending on the type of room, you can choose warm or cool lighting. Warm yellow light lamps would be appropriate in the bedroom, while cold yellow light would be more suitable for the work area. The most comfortable for perception is considered to be a combined white and yellow spectrum.
• In order not to bother yourself with calculating the level of illumination and the required power, contact our consultants. We will make calculations for your premises, taking into account its features and will be happy to help you choose suitable lamps.

Ceiling lamps in most cases they are used as an independent light source and in the form of local illumination. The radiation intensity is determined individually for each individual room (corridor, bedroom, nursery, bathroom, kitchen), because the intensity of light and its quality depend on different rooms may change.

Overview of types of lighting equipment

The lighting system is being installed different ways. For each case, different types of ceiling lamps are selected: different in size, type of fasteners, external qualities and radiation intensity. The main groups of structures for installation on the ceiling: suspended, wall-ceiling, built-in. Some varieties stand apart, in particular, central chandeliers and the “plate” model.

Wall-ceiling structures

This universal option, which will illuminate the room with the same efficiency when mounted under the ceiling and on the wall. Such models do not have pronounced external qualities. This allows them to be placed on any surface: horizontally and vertically oriented.

Wall-ceiling models: look good on vertical and horizontal surfaces, have gained high popularity in Russia.

The installation method is also similar for ceiling and wall locations. This group of lighting equipment is used when arranging the main lighting system of a room. One type is modular devices.

Built-in structures

This option stands out from a number of analogues due to its compact dimensions. It is available in a wide range of designs: hidden in a suspended structure; analogues with a protruding part. There are also round, rectangular and square designs.

Spot spotlights: sources of narrowly focused light, so they are often rotatable or fixed

Recessed lamps operate with a variety of light bulbs: halogen, LED, fluorescent. However, it is better to use only two latest options due to their minimal heating. These are the kind of light bulbs that are suitable for hanging ceiling structure.

Recessed lamps are used in the form of local and decorative lighting, and provided that the calculation is done correctly, they can be freely used instead of the main light.

Suspended structures

Ceiling lamps of this group can be found in the form of central lighting of a room, or they are considered when zoning a room. The choice is influenced by the design and intensity of light.

Suspended models have a big advantage in organizing lighting, especially when installing other lamps will not be effective.

In the second case, they usually use devices with a fairly long decorated power cable (suspension) and in quantities of several pieces. A striking example is modular designs.

Central ceiling chandeliers

This is one of the types of pendant lighting equipment. It stands out from a number of analogues due to its attractive external qualities, as it is located in the center of the ceiling and always attracts attention.

Ceiling lamps in this option must certainly be selected taking into account the dimensions of the room and at the same time always fit into the interior design.

Chandeliers, in addition to the typical shape, are made not only from crystal, but from frosted, colored glass, and steel.

Dish lamps

This type of ceiling lamp in the shape of the lampshade is quite reminiscent of a plate/tablet, hence the name. The rounded shape of the diffuser allows you to completely hide the lighting element, which gives a uniform glow. External characteristics Such devices are usually average, but they are highly efficient.

The nuances of choosing the right lamp

You should focus on several basic parameters of the devices: intended purpose and functionality, degree of protection, radiation intensity and compliance of the design with the dimensions of the room.

Functionality

There are several main types: main and local lighting, decorative light. Ceiling lamps of various types are designed for use in certain conditions. For example, if the task is to equip a decorative lighting system, you should consider spot-type devices first.

Functional (aka main) light will be provided by suspended ceiling lamps, as well as chandeliers, wall-ceiling analogues and “dish” type devices. Some of the above options, namely, suspended and wall-ceiling models, are used when designing local lighting. Built-in lamps are used for the same purpose.

Room dimensions

The choice of lighting fixture must be made taking into account the size of the room, otherwise in the future, when the light is turned on, the ceiling will visually appear lower/higher, which will not benefit the interior. If the room is low, you should choose a device model whose light is directed upward. These can be suspended structures, as well as wall-mounted analogues. The second option is more suitable for the corridor. If you install recessed ceiling lights at the right points, you can thus get rid of dark corners.

In large spaces, cascading chandeliers look very good.

In cases where the ceilings are high, you can influence the visual perception of the room by installing a large chandelier with many details and lamps. The basic rule in this case is to install the lamp at some distance from the ceiling.

If the light intensity is low, you can replace the lamps with LED/fluorescent lamps, as they are characterized by increased efficiency with minimal energy consumption. Alternative option– installation of devices with a long decorated power cable.

If you have high ceilings: decorative lamps with long pendants are suitable; they simultaneously illuminate and decorate the room.

Suspended ceiling material

Today, plasterboard, tension and plastic ceiling structures are popular. For all three types, recessed spotlights are suitable. The difference between them lies in the types of light bulbs used. Most susceptible to external factors (load, high temperatures when heated) – tension fabrics.

It is recommended to use safe LED and fluorescent lamps for them. They practically do not heat up during operation. In such cases, it is dangerous to use “halogens”, as well as simple analogues with a filament body. LED and fluorescent light bulbs can be safely screwed into lighting equipment intended for plasterboard and plastic ceilings.

For suspended ceilings: it is better to use LED light sources, they have low level operating temperature.

Special purpose

For a variety of rooms, you can find certain pendant lamps on sale. They may differ in the quality of radiation (scattered, directed), degree of protection and other important parameters.

For example, for a bathroom it is important to choose models with a degree of protection of IP44 or more, because in this room, regardless of location, there is a high probability of water droplets getting on the lamp.

In open areas outside the premises (entrance, porch, balcony) lighting devices with a high degree of protection are also used. For a bedroom, nursery, room or corridor, the intensity and quality of radiation play a role primarily. The main light in rooms such as children's rooms and bedrooms should be diffused: LED and fluorescent light bulbs, halogen lamps.

A bathroom fixture must be marked IP24 or higher. This means that the design of the lighting fixture is waterproof.

But the first option is characterized by directional light, which means you need to choose hanging lamp with a closed diffuser. In this case, local illumination of direct radiation () is often purposefully used. Corridor lighting can be combined: diffused + directional light. Wall-mounted and suspended ceiling fixtures are suitable for this purpose.

Arrangement of lighting for different rooms

The choice of a lamp, as well as a light source, is made taking into account the compliance of its basic parameters with the requirements for premises for various purposes.

Lighting standards and requirements for various residential premises

Light in the bedroom

They use suspended central or spotlight LED devices as functional lighting. Local lighting is often installed in certain areas: dressing table, bedside tables.

If in the first case, directional light is allowed (spot LED devices), then fluorescent light bulbs are suitable next to the bed, as they provide more diffuse lighting.

Living room, the most important

In this room you can implement different ideas:

• Central chandelier;
• Combined lighting (ceiling + spot LED fixtures);
• Built-in lamps as main light;
• In addition to functional lighting, decorative lighting is installed.

All these options today are more often implemented using economical light sources: fluorescent and LED bulbs. These two types will allow you to organize directional or diffused light.

Children's room

Lighting is provided using two light sources: central ceiling + table lamp. As a rule, additional local light is not required in the nursery. Unless you can install decorative lighting on interior items and in the ceiling structure. The light must be diffused, so halogens and fluorescent lamps are used.

The best lighting option for a nursery: a chandelier closed type, or at least with lampshades pointing upward.

What should the light be like in the hallway and kitchen?

Here the local and main lighting system is usually designed, because it is necessary to select a number of zones. For the kitchen this is: countertop, dinner table, and for the corridor - a hanger, a mirror. There is no need to install a powerful ceiling lamp in the hallway; a muted glow is sufficient.