What is the optimal ceiling height in a house. What should be the height of the ceilings in a private house? The poor cry too

Ceiling height - important parameter, the value of which determines the level of comfort in the room and the possibility of implementing certain design ideas. For different types premises have their own standards. Such values are indicated in regulatory documentation, and ergonomics also deals with these issues.

Calculation of distance from floor to ceiling surface in the room should be determined at the design stage

Ergonomics of residential premises

The science of ergonomics develops parameters for the optimal ceiling height at which a person would feel as comfortable as possible.

To create a comfortable atmosphere during construction, the following ergonomic conditions must be observed:

a large number of natural light;
sufficient oxygen;
maintaining optimal humidity conditions.

These requirements will differ depending on the size of the room.

First optimal values were calculated by Dürer and Ernst Neufert (about 2.7 m). They are the basis for calculating standard ceiling heights in SNiP - building codes and rules used during construction.

Norms

It is worth noting that regulatory documents the only correct value is not established, but only the minimum ceiling height for residential premises of various types is indicated. Construction below it is not permissible.

Living quarters and kitchens – 2.5-2.7 m.
Corridors and halls – 2.1 m.
Boiler rooms – 2.2 m.
Baths, steam rooms, saunas – 3.2 m.
Dry cleaners and laundries – 3.6 m.
Offices and other administrative facilities – 3 m.

On practice

The modern indicator of the distance from ceiling to floor depends on many factors. The main one is the standard of living of the owners of the premises. In apartment and private buildings, as well as cottages that are built for further sale, developers can take into account the wishes of customers. As they say, every whim is for your money.
Usually the ceiling height is panel house fluctuates between 2.5-3.2 m. It is believed that a value of 2.5 m is the lower threshold at which there is no feeling of discomfort and a “pressing” effect.

The height of Stalin's ceilings

The height of apartments in Stalinist buildings is 3-4 m. They were built back in the 30-50s of the twentieth century during the reign of Stalin. These apartments are large and bright, have wide corridors, voluminous door and window openings, spacious bathrooms, kitchens, and rooms. We can safely say that such premises fully comply with ergonomic requirements.

Spacious rooms in stalinkas meet all ergonomic requirements

Ceiling heights in Brezhnevka

High-rise Brezhnev buildings (from 9 to 16 floors) appeared in the USSR in the 70s. At first, the premises in them were called apartments with an improved layout. If you compare them with the rooms in Khrushchev, then it really looked like the truth. The distance from the floor to the ceiling surface in Brezhnev’s houses is 2.5–2.7 m. total area apartments – 20-80 sq.m. m.

Brezhnevkas are characterized by average parameters, which are considered optimal for life

Ceilings in new buildings

Today, different standards are applied when building houses. Elite class apartments can have a height of 3 m or more. Price square meter such housing is significantly above average. IN budget options they stop at 2.7 m, which is considered optimal both from a financial and comfort point of view.
The average height of rooms in a nine-story building is 2.6–2.8 m.

Tall rooms in new buildings allow you to embody the most original options design

Stretch ceiling

Tensile structures It is recommended to install in high rooms from 2.7 m, as they tend to hide space.
How much the ceiling height will be reduced depends on the type of lamps being installed and engineering communications. Typically this value is about 10 cm. Minimum distance There should not be less than 3 cm between the main and suspended ceiling covering.

Advice!
In low rooms (less than 2.4 m) stretch ceiling must be used with caution. The best option in this case, simple single-level structures. If the room allows, then space for designer fantasies is not limited, and it is quite possible to settle on three- or four-level structures with complex configurations.

How to visually increase the height of the ceiling

If the room is low, you can add space to it visually:

choose correct finishing ceiling, for example glossy coating;
use materials of the same shade (white, milky, cream) when decorating walls and ceilings;
highlight the boundaries between the wall and ceiling with a mirror strip;
cover the walls with a pattern with a vertical orientation (the pattern should not be too frequent and not too bright);
install cornice lighting (the cornice should be hung at a height of 5-10 cm from the ceiling).

LED lamps and LED strips along the perimeter of the room will visually increase its space and diversify the interior with original lighting effects

The height of the room affects not only the cost of the housing itself and its maintenance, but also the well-being of those who live in it. This indicator determines the design options that can be used for finishing and is responsible for comfortable atmosphere and comfort in your rooms.

When building a private house, when deciding on the height of the ceilings, many intuitively make a choice in favor of the standard one.

It will be possible to understand how expedient this decision is only after finishing the construction of the house and living in it. But you can understand some of the nuances and evaluate the pros and cons at the planning stage.

Accepted Standards

It is necessary to take into account, first of all, some existing regulations and standards. Apart from purely practical standards, depending on the complexity of the work and the cost, there is a legally formalized set of SNiP ( building codes and rules). This document establishes the minimum permissible height of residential premises, based on fire safety and safety of the structure of the structure.

According to him:

the height of rooms and kitchen areas should not be lower than 2.5 m;
height of corridors and halls – 2.1 m;
the height of the attic depends on the angle of inclination and is 1.3 m at an angle of 30° and is not standardized at an angle of 45° or more.

Making the height smaller will not only be uncomfortable, but also unsafe.

The minimum height normalized by the rules is not always optimal. Builders have their own standards, supported by experience and knowledge of the matter. Of course, everything depends on each specific case.

For example, for a luxurious stone mansion you should not have ceilings of the same height as for a modest one. wooden house in the village, but, based on the average size of a brick or wooden cottage, the standard height is 2.7-2.9 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of standard height

Average value for private construction country house is most often optimal. When the goal is to build comfortable housing without extra costs and delights, then the best solution standards will be followed.

Disadvantages of high ceilings

Building rooms with high ceilings costs much more and requires more material. Especially it concerns two-story houses, so the ceilings on the second floor are usually lower than on the first.
Due to the increase in the volume of the room, the cost of heating also increases.
Very often this does not make any sense: a few tens of the upper centimeters remain unused, hanging over as unnecessary space.

Disadvantages of low ceilings

Psychological feeling of tightness and discomfort.
Difficulty in choosing furniture and fittings. It is necessary to choose furniture in such a way that it does not compress the space and does not cause inconvenience.

Choosing a standard height will allow you to bypass all these disadvantages and make your stay in the house as pleasant as possible.

Peculiarities

There are different nuances, and the standard height is not always the best. For the construction of simple, cheap, but at the same time comfortable and cozy home- of course, but in cases where it is important to make the house also unusual, eye-catching, intricate, it is better to act differently.

The standard height is optimal, average in all respects, but this is its main drawback if the goal is to build something unique. In addition, for different special cases there are private approaches.

In case of construction frame house the height is usually made smaller, lowering the ceilings to 2.3-2.5 m.

For example, in Finland, most houses are built this way. This is explained by the speed of construction of the structure and savings. But nevertheless, life in such houses is no less pleasant: by becoming more cramped, the housing acquires more comfort.

Brick houses it’s quite easy to erect and increase by a couple of tens of centimeters, besides in the presence of proper insulation they are easy to heat, so the ceilings in such houses can be made higher. By raising the height to 3-3.2 m, you can attract interesting design solutions and achieve modern beautiful design interior

In log houses, increasing the height can cost a pretty penny both in terms of construction and maintenance. Therefore, specifically for such houses standard option ceiling height will also be the most ergonomic. Timber is a difficult material and requires special care, so during construction it is important to take into account its features.

For attic and two-story houses, as mentioned earlier, there are other standards. In order to save on construction and heating, ceilings on the second floor are usually made 10-20 centimeters lower than on the first floor. If there is an attic, then it all depends on the angle of inclination. The main thing is that the lowness of the ceilings does not cause discomfort, and everything else is a matter of price. The area of the room and the functionality of the space should be taken into account. Large living rooms should have higher ceilings, while bathrooms and hallways should have lower ceilings.

For individual design projects, the laws are completely different and depend on the personal desires of the customer and designer.

To make the living space of a private home more aesthetically pleasing, there are many interior solutions that most people simply do not know about. For people who have chosen standard-height ceilings, the following recommendations can be given to add visual beauty and volume to the room:

It is worth using shiny stretch ceilings - they stretch out the space, saturating it with reflected light;
in the decoration of the walls you need to add more vertical lines and mirrors - this will make the space deeper and visually higher;
It is advisable to paint the walls and ceiling in the same tone, and the floor a tone lower, that is, darker;
It is better to make the ceiling light;
Windows should be placed closer to the ceiling so that more light falls on it than on the floor.

Design

The choice of standard-height ceilings opens up prospects for varied and inexpensive design: from banal wallpaper (it is better to prefer wallpaper with stripes, as they make appearance more refined) to intricate designer patterns that can add interesting ideas into the interior of the room. Using a small ladder, you can independently reach the highest sections of the walls and decorate them.

A room with a standard ceiling height can be compared to standard sheet paper, so familiar to creativity. There are, of course, both large and small formats, but it is the standard one that is so familiar and convenient for creating something of your own.

Psychology

Houses are built for people and people to live in them, their feelings and impressions of living in a particular house are the main thing that should be guided by. A normal height is one that does not cause unpleasant emotions: it does not press, does not make you feel uncomfortable, but at the same time does not create the feeling of being in a public place.

Every person wants his home to be as spacious as possible, therefore, when purchasing a house or apartment, he first of all evaluates its area. But, unfortunately, during searches people often lose sight of such a point as the ceiling height for one-story house. The height of the ceiling can greatly influence the visual perception of the room. If the ceilings are too low, then a person, being in such a room, will constantly experience discomfort and inconvenience.

Very often people in their homes prefer to make ceilings about 3.5 meters high. This option is very convenient, since only the upper 20 cm of the walls remain unoccupied in such rooms. Below this mark are cornices and carpets.

In addition, in apartments you can often find ceilings with a height of 2.7 to 2.7 meters. This option is also quite good - there is required space, and its price due to the savings in materials used is quite acceptable.

The ideal option is a ceiling height of 3.2 meters - there is a large volume in the room fresh air, which has a good effect on health. In addition, this ceiling height does not have a visual “oppressive” effect. If you do not have the opportunity to arrange ceilings of such a height, a mark of 2.5 meters is quite suitable. This height is quite comfortable for a person.

Ceiling heights and energy consumption in the house

Floor thickness, overhead space and room height from floor to ceiling are the components of the floor height between finished floor elevations. Floor height is usually determined by standards construction design and the design of the building itself. The efficiency of energy consumption in a room depends on the height of the ceiling, as it affects the area of the external surface of the building that is exposed to solar radiation and atmospheric influences.

Pros and cons of low ceilings

Low ceiling is a relative concept. For large rooms, a height of 2.8 may seem insufficient, and for a small bedroom, where a person spends time mainly lying down, a ceiling of 2.4 m will not look low. When choosing ceiling heights in country house it is necessary to focus on the size of the rooms so that their proportions are harmonious.

cause a feeling of lack of freedom, pressure;
limited in the choice of ceiling lamps;
make design solutions such as tension or suspended structures impossible.
give the interior an unpresentable look.

But they also have advantages, because by reducing the height of the walls in a private house, construction costs are saved and heating costs are reduced.

Taking into account all these pros and cons, it is determined optimal height ceilings of every room in a private house, so that aesthetics and economics are in a reasonable balance.

Pros and cons of high ceilings

High ceilings give the interior a touch of aristocracy, because palaces are always high, unlike huts. They evoke a feeling of freedom and abundance of air, however, heating this air will require significant additional costs. And at the construction stage, the high ceiling height in the cottage will result in a significant increase in costs in the estimate.

Therefore, it is advisable to limit the height of the rooms to 3-3.2 m, especially since at a higher height their maintenance becomes difficult: replacing light bulbs, maintaining cleanliness, repairs.

SNiP regulate this parameter, but only in apartment buildings residential buildings. The height of ceilings in a private house is not regulated by SNiP, but future private homeowners can take the standards for apartment buildings as a guide.

According to SNiP, normative meaning minimum height residential premises depends on the region where the house is built. In the cold climatic zones(Arctic region, northern regions of Siberia and Far East) this value is 2.7 m, in temperate and southern areas - 2.5 m. These standards are calculated based on the conditions for creating a normal microclimate in the rooms.

There are also no standards for the maximum ceiling height in a private house. SNiP does not regulate the maximum ceiling level at all. Practice shows that in modern apartment buildings it, as a rule, does not rise above 3.2 m.

Standard ceiling heights in different houses

Today, the concept of a standard ceiling height in a private house does not exist, because... it is not subject to regulation. Its choice is made at the design stage at the request of the future homeowner. To make it easier to make a choice, let's look at what level the ceilings were built in different types high-rise buildings.

Stalinist buildings and old housing stock

One of the advantages for which Stalin-built houses are so valued is their high ceilings. Their level is 3.3-3.6 m; even modern luxury housing does not reach this parameter.

Khrushchev apartments

Khrushchev houses are low-budget housing; during their construction, the priority was not the quality, but the number of houses built. Therefore, the level of their ceilings corresponded minimum standards SNiP - 2.7 m for the northern regions and 2.5 m for the rest.

Improvements or Brezhnevki

Apartments from the 70s have an improved layout compared to Khrushchev-era apartments and ceilings that have grown to 2.6-2.7 m.

Panel and block houses

Although the last decades of the USSR are called an era of stagnation, noticeable progress can be seen in the size and layout of housing built in those years. Panel and block high-rise buildings built in the 80s are distinguished by a larger area and room heights of 2.65-2.75 m.

Modern apartments

Ceiling level modern apartments depends on which segment of residential real estate they belong to. Economy options can have a height not reaching 2.7 m, business class housing - from 2.75 and above, Luxury Apartments- 3-3.2 m.

Private houses

So anyway, what best height ceiling in a private house? The most optimal in terms of comfort and economic feasibility there will be a “golden mean” - ceilings at a level of 2.6-3 m. For small rooms this parameter can be 2.6-2.7 m, for spacious ones - 3 m.

A reasonable solution would be to make the ceiling height in a private house as follows: build the floor on which the living room and dining room are located higher, and the floors with bedrooms lower.

It happens that you are not satisfied with the height of the walls in an already built house. If the task is to make the ceilings lower, then it is easily solved by installing suspended or tension structures.

And if the question is how to increase the ceiling height in a private house, then its solution is only possible in buildings with beam floors. They can be lifted with a jack and complement the missing wall masonry. If the building has reinforced concrete floors, then it is possible to increase this parameter only visually, using design techniques.

The height of the ceilings is an integral component of comfortable living and the psychological feeling in the room. Generally accepted rules and regulations establish this value depending on the type of structure. In apartments you don’t have to choose this height; it is established by building standards and averages 2.5-2.7 m. What if we're talking about about a private house at the construction and planning stages, then special attention is paid to this parameter.

Thanks to correct calculations you will not have any problems installing multi-tiered ceilings and placing any decorative elements inside the rooms.

Ceiling height depends on the purpose of the room

The decision on the height of the ceilings should be made at the approval stage of the house design. There are no standards as such for its size. However, it will depend on the purpose of the room. For example, for saunas and baths it is absolutely inappropriate to choose high ceilings, since the heat consumed will be distributed inappropriately, and all the steam will be concentrated at the top.

For small ones living rooms increasing the ceiling will lead to an uncomfortable feeling. Rooms with low ceilings are optimal for children's rooms, bathrooms and kitchens that do not require a huge area. But living rooms and halls, rooms reserved for a library or warehouse will look great with maximum high level ceilings in large houses.

Generally accepted norms and standards requirements

A height of 2.7 m in a private house is taken as a generally accepted value. It will be quite enough for a comfortable stay, as well as cleaning and repairing the premises. At such a height, it is quite possible to design multi-level ceilings both suspended and tensioned. However, if you do not want to clutter the ceiling surface various designs, but just to paint it, a height of 2.5 m is quite suitable. These are the generally accepted standards.

Construction Standards modern buildings regulated various standards sanitary rules and requirements state standards. They can be found in building regulations- SNiPakh. In houses where people permanently live, these rules establish a minimum value of 2.6 m. Guided by these standards, you should know that many of them have already lost force and are recognized not as laws, but only as sets of rules. Despite this, many designers still use them. The new urban planning rules for architectural design do not regulate ceiling height. Therefore, you can choose it at your discretion without violating fire safety requirements.

There is an opinion among owners of private houses that the higher the ceiling height, the better. It is believed that in this case it is possible to arrange a room in various options and to your liking. But this is far from true. Imagine a room in a residential building, the walls of which are more than three meters. The total cubic footage of such a room will be larger, which will make it more spacious. But in winter period It will take a lot of time and money to heat such areas.

According to the laws of physics warm air always strives upward, and the cold one spreads on the floor. And even with abundant use of heating devices, heat will be spent for other purposes. In addition, the heat accumulating at the top of the room will destroy attic space and the roof itself. If it is wooden, then the material will soon dry out and crack.

Standard normal height in brick, frame or timber house, as well as in a two-story country cottage must comply with SNiP. These rules are the same as in the first one. Same thing on the second floor.

Room geometry

Expert opinion agrees on ceiling heights from 2.6 to 3 meters. In order to choose correctly from this range, you need to decide on the layout of the building and its use. Important role seasonal operation of the house plays a role. If you are planning to build a cozy summer house with small rooms, feel free to choose a height of 2.6 meters. Such houses are not characterized by huge living rooms and spacious halls. Therefore, the ceilings do not need to be raised.

If the house is intended for year-round residence, spacious bedrooms and a large living room would look appropriate in it. In this case, you cannot do without high walls, especially if the layout of the rooms provides for the placement of bunk beds.

Optimal ceiling height format

Every owner of a house under construction wants to choose the optimal height for the rooms of his house. It must be remembered that the house still has to be built, and then maintained and cared for, and not just rejoiced in its splendor. To choose best option adhere to three components:

your desires;
ergonomic rules;
construction standards.

Everything is clear with our desires, and they are quite diverse, so they do not need discussion. But you should get acquainted with ergonomics at least in general outline. This scientific discipline studies the effective interaction of a person with the space around him to maximize his functions. Therefore, when choosing a height, you should have an idea of the purpose of the room, the location of household items and decorative elements in it.

To choose the best option, you need to rely on the area of the rooms. There is a rule: than larger area– the higher the walls. A small room with a huge ceiling will look ridiculous, but in a large hall a two and a half meter ceiling will put pressure on its space. There is another way to determine the desired height. To do this, you can choose the tallest member of your family and ask him to stretch his arms up. Add 30-35 mm to its height, and summing up, get the optimal value.

Pros and cons of high ceilings

Flaws:

the costs of designing and building a house will become more expensive. In addition, you will have to spend money on materials for interior decoration;
organizing a heating system will not be easy, and during use it will require large financial costs;
any renovation work the ceiling will require considerable effort. Workers will have to use additional structures in their work, which will also affect the cost and time of repairs;
everyday difficulties. When cleaning the upper half of the room, skill will be required. Replacing a basic light bulb can be a big problem.

Despite this, high ceilings have become extremely widespread due to their advantages:

the high altitude creates a special atmosphere and a free feeling in the house;
limitless imagination in the design of ceiling decoration. High walls will create unique design ceiling using two or three-tier plasterboard structures. A large-scale ceiling can be decorated in various ways decorative stucco, which will look luxurious with classic style or medieval baroque.

Even such a huge space requires effective use. Designers recommend using the “rule of three” - visually dividing the walls into three sections. Place additional finishing on the bottom, for example, cover it with stone or clapboard. Decorate the second area with paintings and shelves.

These items should not be placed above eye level to avoid a feeling of emptiness. Third - leave it untouched. With this layout, the ceiling will seem even higher! Be sure to use massive chandeliers when decorating the lighting. They will emphasize the elegance and luxury of the room.

To prevent space from causing boredom, take bold decision– paint one of the walls in a contrasting color bright color! This accent will add uniqueness.

Pros and cons of low ceilings

Flaws.

The feeling of oppressive space will always accompany a room with low level ceiling. It will be uncomfortable to be in it.
Limited use of hanging chandeliers. There are houses where the ceiling height is limited to two meters. In such rooms the chandelier will have to be bypassed.
Limited opportunity to create architectural compositions. If you dream of creating a multi-level design in a room with a low ceiling, you will have to turn to professional designers for help. Creating such a ceiling will be difficult, but possible.

pros low ceilings are the disadvantages of high ones. Therefore, we will not repeat ourselves. Let's take a better look at what designers advise in these cases.