Carry out high-quality painting of the car in garage conditions Maybe. To do this, you will need to set up a convenient spray booth, as well as be equipped with the necessary tools. Many car owners cannot afford the purchase of expensive equipment, so they have to make a compressor for painting the car with their own hands. This operation is significantly cheaper.
To properly manufacture this device, you will need to familiarize yourself with the theoretical part. Thanks to this preparation, during subsequent work it will be possible to avoid the appearance of grain, shagreen or dust particles mixed with paint on the surface to be painted.
The operation of almost any factory-made or home-made compressor is based on the same principle. An increased pressure is formed in a sealed cavity, which is higher than atmospheric pressure, and then it is used in a targeted and dosed manner.
For injection, mechanical or manual method. In the second case, you get savings on electricity, as well as independence from the presence of nearby working area power supply points. In the case of automatic air supply to the working cylinder, it will be necessary to control the presence of oil for air compressor.
Before you make your own compressor for painting a car, let’s prepare the tools. There is a method in which the working element is a car camera. To do this, we will select the components from the list:
- working chamber from a car or truck;
- a pump with a built-in pressure gauge to inject pressure;
- additional nipple for camera;
- hard awl;
- repair kit for sealing the camera.
We first check the tightness of the selected chamber. To do this, it is pumped up and lowered into water. If leaks are found, we will definitely get rid of them.
We mark a point in the free space where the second nipple is supposed to be installed. In this place we make a hole with an awl. The fitting must be glued using a repair kit. A uniform air supply will be ensured through it.
An initial nipple built into the chamber is necessary to maintain the operating pressure at the required level. The performance of the installation is determined by the final result. When the paint is distributed evenly, this indicates proper assembly and sufficient pressure in the container. The pressure gauge built into the pump will help you select the desired parameter.
When such a homemade compressor is used to paint a car, you need to try to prevent moisture and small debris from getting inside the cavity. This will ensure maximum cleanliness of the surface to be painted. It is also advisable to prevent condensation from appearing inside the chamber.
Advanced compressor
With proper assembly and regular care behind the device, a homemade compressor can last much longer than the factory one. With all this, it is unlimited in repair parts, and can also be periodically improved and refined.
The basis for a more progressive model is the elements of an old refrigerator:
- receiver for compressor;
- pressure gauge 10 atm;
- a relay that controls the pressure inside the compressor;
- adapters with pipe threads;
- gasoline purification filter;
- gearbox with a filter protected from moisture and oil;
- plumbing cross with ¾ inch thread;
- electric motor for operating the compressor;
- hydraulic hose clamps;
- semi-synthetic oil;
- oil-resistant hose;
- copper tubes;
- medical syringe;
- wooden slab;
- rust remover;
- power system filter;
- hardware elements;
- furniture wheels;
- sealant, sealing tape;
- a small file or metal saw;
- electric switch (220 V).
The advantage is more early models refrigerators is the presence of a starting relay. Also positive is the fairly powerful pressure that the compressor develops. Using a rust converter, we clean problem areas on the body and working elements of the assembly being prepared.
It is advisable to carry out a little maintenance on the compressor by replacing its oil with semi-synthetic one. Modern oils contain a sufficient amount of additives to ensure long-term operation of the compressor. Its design has three pipes, one of which is hermetically sealed. The other two will have air circulation. To determine the direction of flow, you will need to connect the device to the power supply.
The sealed pipe completely hides the oil. Having bitten off with nippers or sawed off its end with a file so that the shavings do not fall inside the cavity, carefully drain the liquid into the prepared container. By this we will determine required amount replacement oils. It must be infused using a syringe in the same volume that was removed through the tube.
After topping up, plug the hole with a screw or self-tapping screw wrapped with sealing tape along the thread. Now the installation of the entire structure begins wooden base or a welded frame made of construction profile. Compressors from refrigerators are quite sensitive to their position in space. To identify it, there is a special arrow on the body. The correct operation of the entire unit depends on this.
A standard foam or powder fire extinguisher is suitable as an air container. It is advisable to select it so that the cavity is at least 10...12 liters. They are usually tested to withstand pressures up to 15...20 MPa. To release the cavity, unscrew the adapter with the locking and starting device.
If areas of corrosion are identified on the surface, they must be eliminated., preventing the spread of rust that could lead to perforation damage. Such phenomena are unacceptable, as they contribute to depressurization of the container.
You can pour rust converter into the cavity and shake it well, then pour it out and dry it. We attach the plumbing cross to the outside.
General installation of the structure
Most convenient option there will be an arrangement of all parts on a wooden base. For installation, holes are drilled and elements are secured with bolts and nuts. You can also use a sheet of plywood, to which everything is easily attached with self-tapping screws. On the bottom plate or frame for greater mobility install 360 movable wheels.
Coarse gasoline filters will help provide sufficient protection against the penetration of fine dirt or moisture. They are usually mounted on the air intake side. An inlet tube is placed on this side, which can be held even without clamps, since there is no high pressure.
You will also need to install a protective filter on the output side, which will protect air flow from the ingress of moisture and oil particles from the compressor. Fuel filters are used as such a blocker. Without clamps such a unit will not stand.
We will install an adjusting relay into the output cross, as well as a pressure gauge to control pressure. We connect the free plug to the gearbox. Using a relay, you can adjust the pressure range in the receiver.
PM5 (RDM5) is used as an actuator. Initially it was used in plumbing systems, but since it is a two-pin switch, it is suitable in our case. One contact goes to the connection with the supercharger, and the second to the “zero” of the 220 V network.
Using a toggle switch we connect the network phase. It will help you quickly turn off the power supply if necessary, so as not to run to the outlet to do this.
Pressure monitoring
Having collected all the elements together, we need to check the performance of the mechanism. To do this, connect the device to the power supply, and set the relay to the minimum pressure supply. We monitor the pressure gauge readings while the system is operating.
After checking the relay, you will need to identify possible areas of loss of tightness. For this operation, a prepared soap solution is used. It is made thick in the form of a paste. We coat problem areas with the solution while the compressor is running. If air bubbles appear, seal the leak.
During a possible pressure drop to critical values, you can install additional air pumping by turning on the compressor. After receiving positive results during the test, you can.
We select a satisfactory pressure for the operation of the system empirically. In this situation, it is necessary to select the settings so that everything happens at minimum values of the supercharger operation. With this design you can paint any surface.
Budget compressor option
Building a compressor for painting can be quite economical. It can also be based on elements from an old refrigerator, and any sealed cavity is usually used for a container with air:
- Exhausted oxygen cylinder. It is able to withstand high pressure parameters, but has the disadvantage of being large.
- Propane tank. It has the same positive qualities as oxygen.
- Fire extinguisher. Models with a volume of 10 liters or more are suitable, as they have a better ability to withstand high pressure. However, at the outlet they have a metric thread.
- Hydraulic accumulator. The cavity has a good volume with sufficient working pressure. Requires some modifications to get rid of the membrane and metric threads.
At the next stage, we combine the receiver with the compressor. It is necessary to provide maximum compatibility of connectors for connecting a relay capable of turning off the compressor at the right time. You can also use RDM-5.
The pressure gauge is selected from maximum values at a level of 10 atm. We select fittings, tees or angles with inch threads. This will make the installation easier and ensure maximum air passage through the channels. To place the structure, it is allowed to use chipboard.
As a result, the list necessary elements will be in the following configuration:
- Prepared compressor;
- Receiver for air flow distribution;
- Pressure switch connected to the network;
- Pressure gauge up to 10 atm;
- Filter reducer;
- Emergency release valve;
- Transition threaded elements;
- Sealing elements (tape, paste, etc.);
- Electrical wiring, plugs and on/off elements;
- Hose that protects against moisture and oil;
- Chipboard;
- Hardware elements, wheels, gaskets.
If you are afraid of the number of spare parts and the complexity of manufacturing, you can always purchase an inexpensive factory-made compressor.
Installing a receiver in the form of a hydraulic accumulator will be the easiest, since it is already equipped with the necessary brackets. They can also be used to mount the compressor on top. The result is a two-level structure.
As fasteners, it is advisable to use bolts with hooks passed through pre-drilled holes. This will ensure greater structural stability.
It will be possible to reduce the influence of vibrations with rubber/silicone gaskets used as damping.
With the help of trained flexible tubes We connect the compressor output and the input to the receiver. Protective mechanisms in the form of filters must be installed. Power is supplied to the switch and relay. The structure must be grounded.
An air compressor operating on 220 V is needed in a home or garage for various purposes: it is easy to inflate tires, make repairs by driving pneumatic tools, blow off dust and shavings from treated surfaces, and use it as a spray gun. In specialized retail outlets there is a wide range of pneumatic compressors, and such a unit costs quite a lot big money. But if you wish and have certain skills, you can make a compressor at home with your own hands.
Any compressor, or with your own hands, works according to simple principle – the motor forces air into the container, where it is under the required pressure, which is controlled by a pressure gauge. When the pressure drops to the lower limit, the engine begins to operate, and when the set value is reached, it turns off. Depending on the purpose that the compressor will serve, you can make either a simple or a semi-professional device.
The unit is mounted on a base or frame, for which you can use any available material, for example a sheet of chipboard or plywood the right size, where all parts are placed in such a way that they are easily accessible in case of maintenance, or if necessary, to make repairs. Old KamAZ brake tanks, which already have threads for fittings and a condensate drain valve, or an empty fire extinguisher cylinder, are perfect for the role of a receiver.
Sometimes several containers are used, and then the necessary bushings and tubes are welded into them to connect the rest of the system. The design must include a moisture separator and an air filter, which are sold in finished form. Metal or oxygen hoses used for gas welding are used as connecting tubes. From automatic equipment, a starting and pressure switch are purchased separately.
What will you need?
The main part of a hand-made product is a motor-compressor.It can be purchased separately, but such devices are not powerful or reliable, and are also quite expensive. For this purpose, it is suitable, which is devoid of such shortcomings, and repairs to such a unit during normal operation are extremely rarely needed. Also you will need the following materials.
The compressor is a universal unit that has found quite wide application, both in large production, and in small workshops. It is also installed on various cars and special equipment. That is why the question of how to create a Zilov compressor is of great interest to many craftsmen who want to save money on purchasing this device.
Household use
To begin with, it should be said that such products will not be very productive, and their production may require high costs. However, there are a lot of application options that make you look for material on how to make a compressor with your own hands from a Zilov compressor.
- First of all, such a device is perfect for inflating car tires.
- Also, such a unit can be used to work with some low-power pneumatic tools.
- Most often, these products are used in workshops for applying paint to surfaces. The fact is that if there is a volumetric receiver, they can work for quite a long time and create the pressure necessary for this.
- Some specialists use such units in blacksmithing and other industries. The main thing that specifications corresponded to the specified parameters.
Automobile compressor
Novice craftsmen often ask the question of why this particular part is worth purchasing in order to create a compressor with your own hands. they consider the car to be obsolete, and the units installed on it to be worn out. However, it is immediately worth noting that in our country this particular part is the easiest to find, and its cost directly depends on the condition. At the same time, the simplicity of manufacturing this unit allows for basic repairs and greatly simplifies maintenance.
Also, making a compressor with your own hands from a Zilov compressor is much easier than using other products of a similar type for this. To perform basic tasks, it will practically not even need to be redone. However, if long-term use or heavy loads are required, some modifications will need to be made.
Necessary equipment
To create a compressor with your own hands from a Zilov compressor, you need to solve the issue of transmitting torque to the unit itself. You will also need an engine of a certain power and with a specific number of revolutions. Therefore, some purchases will be required.
Special attention should be paid to the receiver. It is selected in accordance with the tasks assigned to the product. At the same time, a pressure gauge is installed on it and safety valve, which will be responsible for the required pressure.
Torque transmission
When making a compressor with your own hands from a Zilov compressor, you need to take very important decision about how power will be transmitted from the engine to the unit itself. At the same time, some masters prefer to connect directly, believing that this way they will not lose the number of revolutions and power. However, it is worth remembering that for such methods of implementing connections you need to have quite a powerful engine. Therefore, most often they use
When making a compressor with your own hands, they usually try to connect the Zilov compressor to the engine through a gearbox. This way you can get quite a good force during the initial start-up or if there is pressure in the receiver. However, the cost of a good gearbox is quite high, and option c can be considered the most optimal.
Engine
If we assemble it with our own hands, it is very important to choose the right power unit, which will be as close as possible to the operating parameters of the device. In this case, they usually look at the rotation speed. It should be at least 2000 rpm, since it is this parameter that will create maximum pressure and allow the structure to operate in a gentle mode.
The selection of power is approached separately. The fact is that the cost very often directly depends on this parameter. It is generally accepted that for such compressors a power of 1 kW is sufficient. However, this is justified if the unit is planned to be used for a short time and without heavy loads. Therefore, more powerful products are most often used.
Receiver
They usually try to make a typical iron-based compressor from the ZIL 130 compact and mobile. Therefore, using large and voluminous receivers simply does not make sense. Also, you should not purchase these elements of the unit separately, since you can always create them yourself. For this you can use almost any metal container. In this case, it is best to use gas cylinders or old fire extinguishers.
It should be noted right away that further refinement of the receiver will be required. You will need to install a pressure gauge and pressure regulator on it. Usually a separate unit with a gearbox is purchased, which is installed at the entrance to the container. It is also very important to install a back pressure valve. It is adjusted to the optimal operating mode of the future product with a certain margin of 10-15%.
Compressor modification
Even if you plan to make an ordinary garage compressor from a ZIL compressor, the unit itself will need to be slightly modified.
- First of all, it is worth creating cooling. The fact is that such units overheat greatly during their operation and, as a result, not only productivity, but also service life decreases. Therefore, the connecting rods should be drilled, and an oblique tube should be installed in the bottom cover.
- To control the oil level, it is necessary to install a transparent filter at the crankcase outlet. It also makes sense to install a moisture separator, which you can make yourself from a small fire extinguisher.
- The oil tank is also installed separately. It is immediately worth noting that it will be used as an expansion tank and will help normalize the pressure in the system.
Today there is simply great amount various modifications that are aimed at increasing productivity and service life. All of them usually relate to torque transmission. However final choice always depends directly on the purpose of the final product.
Assembly
First, you should make a frame on which the compressor will be installed with your own hands. ZIL 130 has certain seats for this unit, which must be transferred to the frame. This way you won’t have to make additional holes in the compressor itself, and you can use an additional shock absorption system.
Next, the engine is mounted on the frame. In this case, the fixation is carried out in a rigid position, at a distance necessary for the transmission of torque. The receiver and other elements that can be connected via hoses can be placed separately. Sometimes it’s easier to connect them at the place of work, so as not to weigh down the frame itself.
- If a compressor is made from Zilovsky, the tools will need to be selected very carefully. You will need to have a drill, welding machine, a set of keys and much more. Situations may also arise when some types of work are easier to do in the factory or using special machines.
- To create shock absorbers when fixing all units to a frame or supporting frame, it is best to use rubber gaskets or inserts. However, it is worth remembering that with intensive use they wear out quickly and you should always have spare ones.
- When purchasing a compressor, you need to be very careful because appearance of a product does not indicate the condition of its internal components and assemblies. It is simply not possible to check the product on the spot, which means that such a purchase should only be made from trusted sellers.
- If the problem with overheating of the compressor is not solved, then it must be operated in a gentle mode. This way it will last much longer, although this may cause some inconvenience during operation. That is why the unit is selected for specific needs.
- You can install a pressure gauge with special contacts on the product, which are connected to the electrical engine starting circuit. This automates the operation of the device and will also reduce the likelihood of rapid overheating.
- Electrical diagram for connecting the compressor to electrical circuit directly depends on the type of engine selected. At the same time, you should not come up with workarounds for starting the primary winding so as not to lose power. This will affect the operation of the product if there is residual pressure in the receiver, even if there is check valve and a fairly powerful engine.
Conclusion
When assembling a compressor from Zilovsky with your own hands, you should remember that this work It will require the performer to have the ability to handle various tools and adhere to the technique of processing all kinds of parts. It is also worth remembering that the purchase of certain units will lead to costs, which means that before starting work, you should carefully evaluate all the costs and compare them with your capabilities. The fact is that with intensive use, such a compressor only lasts for a couple of years.
This air piston compressor is very easy to manufacture and anyone can repeat it if desired. The compressor can be used to inflate balloons for some chemical experiments where it is necessary to create air bubbles in a liquid, such as a compressor for aquarium fish, etc.
What is required to make a compressor?
- The motor with a 12 V gearbox is the most scarce part, you can buy it here -
- Several bicycle spokes.
- Two valve nipples from a bicycle.
- The power supply is 12 V, you can buy it here if you don’t have it -
Bicycle spoke.
Manufacturing
So, if you have collected all the components, we can start making our compressor.Bend the knitting needle at the end at a right angle.
Using wire cutters, we’ll bite off the knitting needle on the other side so that we get an L-shape like this.
We insert the threaded part of the spoke into the hole in the gear motor shaft. The hole was there originally. We fix it with a second locking nut from another spoke, tightening it with pliers.
Then we take two knitting needles and wind one on the other. We take out the inner knitting needle and bite off part of the wound knitting needle. This is what should happen.
We bite off at a distance of about 10 cm and make a bend.
Next, we put this curl on the part that we made earlier for the gear motor. The limiters were made from locking nuts from the spokes. Fixing the nuts super glue. We have a moving unit. This is the piston arm that will push the compressor piston.
Let's take a piece wooden board and attach the motor with the gearbox and our crank system using a bracket, screws, and wooden block for elevation.
Let's take out the syringe, separate the needle - you won't need it.
We take out the syringe piston and cut the lower edges into a cone to ensure greater ease of movement of the piston, removing excess pressure.
Using a hot soldering iron, on the side closer to the beginning of the syringe, we will make a hole for the nipple valve.
Insert the nipple and secure it with super glue. This will be the intake valve.
Fill the hole for the needle with hot glue - we won't need it.
We make another hole with a soldering iron and insert the exhaust valve, and also fix it with super glue.
For greater reliability and to prevent leaks, we fill the valve connections with epoxy resin.
Let's take the paste from a gel ballpoint pen. Cut a small piece about 1 cm. Glue this piece to the end of the piston with super glue.
Let's insert the end from the spoke of our mechanism into it. And install the modified syringe on wooden stand. Everything is fixed with hot glue.
The compressor is multifunction device which can be used for various daily needs such as swapping car tires, painting and the like. But due to the high cost of factory models, many owners are thinking about self-assembly such a unit. The most common option for creating a compressor with your own hands is to use a refrigerator.
Advantages of factory and homemade devices
Before making your own air compressor from a refrigerator, you need to compare it with a regular factory model. This will help you make the right decision.
Z Avodskie and homemade devices have the following differences:
Limitations on motor operation
Not all refrigerator motors can operate under the same conditions. Some of them have their own limitations in operation.
Several operating modes can be distinguished:
- normal - from 16 to 32 degrees;
- tropical - from 18 to 43 degrees;
- subnormal - from 10 to 32 degrees;
- subtropical - from 18 to 38 degrees.
But despite this, there are also combined modes, which include several operating ranges.
Thus, homemade devices are much simpler and more efficient than factory ones, in particular for working with air.
Refrigerator dismantling work
In order to craft a mini-compressor with your own hands, you need to prepare for work. First you need to remove the compressor directly from the refrigerator. This is the initial stage. It is located at the bottom of the refrigerator at the back. To remove it, you should prepare a set of basic tools: pliers, a set of keys and screwdrivers (curly and regular).
There are two tubes on the compressor itself that connect to the cooling system of the refrigerator. They need to be bitten off using wire cutters or pliers. It is strictly forbidden to saw them off with a hacksaw, since when sawing small pieces of metal can get into the motor, which can lead to catastrophic consequences.
After this, you need to remove the start relay. It looks like regular box black with wires sticking out of it. First you need to unscrew the fasteners, and then cut the wires leading to the plug. Don't forget to mark the top and bottom part relay so that there is no error during installation later. You also need to pick up all the fastening elements of the unit; they can also be usefully used when making a high-pressure compressor with your own hands.
Functionality check
After disassembling the refrigerator and compressor, you need to check the functionality of all parts. This needs to be done due to the fact that the part was removed from the old refrigerator, and it may not be working for a long time. Therefore, it is imperative to do this. First, flatten the tubes with pliers.
This must be done so that air can pass through them. Next, you need to put the previously removed relay back in the same position as it was before. Do not forget about the correct installation of the relay. The top and bottom must be in place. If it is installed in a different way, the compressor may fail, which will lead to irreparable damage, or even burn out.
There are wires directly on the relay body. It is necessary to screw the wiring with a plug to them. The place where the connection will be made must be wrapped with at least electrical tape to prevent electric shock. It is advisable to carefully solder the junction of the wires before doing this.
After this, plug the compressor into the outlet and observe the performance of the unit. If it does not work, it means that the wires are not connected correctly or the compressor is not working. After turning on the compressor, air should come out of the tubes. This will be an indicator of the performance of the device. It is necessary to mark which tube the air comes out of and which one enters.
Step-by-step assembly instructions
Before you start work, you should prepare everything necessary tools and materials. Such kits may differ from each other depending on what the future owner of the compressor expects.
In addition to the compressor itself, which is removed from the refrigerator, you need to prepare the following her:
Then you should take a plastic container of any size from three liters. In the upper part of the container you need to drill several holes for the compressor tubes. Then insert the tubes into the holes made and fill everything with resin. In this case, the inlet tube should be located at a distance of 200 mm from the edge of the receiver. The outlet tube should be placed 10 mm inside the container.
The receiver can be made of plastic, and nothing bad will happen here. But for greater reliability, it is recommended to make it from a metal box. With this outcome, there is no need to fill everything with resin for a good seal, and the hoses are closed. Moreover, only a pressure gauge can be installed on a metal body.
To do this, you need to drill a hole in the receiver for a nut, which needs to be welded in such a hole. Then there is the option of screwing the pressure gauge into the nut. After this, work on creating a homemade compressor from a refrigerator ends. Any materials can be used for painting, but first you can clean and prime it to avoid corrosion. After this, you just need to attach the receiver to the base using a wire.
Some technical features
It is quite difficult to determine initially what the pressure in the compressor will be. This indicator may depend both on the brand of the device and on the period of its declared operation.
By the way, old designs can sometimes even show top scores than new and factory ones. The most important thing is not what kind of device you can assemble, but how you will need to care for its condition.
Such work usually consists of replacing filters (gasoline and diesel), as well as the oil in the device. All homemade compressors equipped with three copper tubes. Two are used during installation. This is the inlet and outlet tube. The third was not touched. It is the shortest of all and sealed at the end. She is responsible for draining the oil in the device. For maintenance, you need to cut off the sealed part, drain the oil, fill in new oil and solder it back.
Is the compressor repairable?
As a rule, the relay needs to be ringed during repairs. You also need to change the oil in the device. If the compressor still does not work, then there is no point in doing anything else; further repairs must be stopped. It is better to throw away such an autocompressor and make a new one. In addition, its price will not exceed one and a half thousand rubles.
By the way, as source material For a compressor, an internal combustion engine with a supercharger can also be used. This way you can get a decent device with great power. Moreover, piston group provided with a high power reserve. If you have the opportunity and desire, you can find it for a fair price. low price in great condition. With this option, the ignition, intake and exhaust systems must be removed. For its successful operation, it is enough to lubricate the pistons, the cooling system and tightness.
Similar structures can be made from a gas cylinder. There are also membrane compressors.