Today many people are interested in the possibility self-built houses. Why build a house with your own hands? Firstly, it will not be so inexpensive, and secondly, rare companies will be able to build a house “as if for themselves.” In this situation, construction technology will come to your aid. panel house. Such a house requires a minimum of money, effort and time. Among the main advantages are low cost, the ability to carry out work even in winter, environmental friendliness, high energy saving rates, the possibility of architectural expressiveness, short construction times, high performance indicators, fire safety, as well as the construction of a house without construction equipment.
The concept of panel construction
Panel construction is the construction of houses from flat components with reinforcing finishing. For example, in Canada, people personally take part in construction own home. This happens as follows: the family hires a specialist who controls all stages of the work and manages the construction. All construction operations are carried out by future homeowners. The population of this country lives a sedentary life, so during the construction process they try to convey “a piece of the soul” to their home.
Correct construction technology panel houses can greatly facilitate the work and minimize the requirements for the number and qualifications of builders. You can resort to the help of professional companies, but now it is quite difficult to find a company that has been operating for more than 50 years. If you decide to build a panel house with your own hands, you must strictly follow all stages and construction technologies.
Design
The first thing you need is design. You can do this work yourself or entrust it to architects. You can easily cope with this task if you learn how to use architectural programs. The most popular free program is Google SketchUp.
For this process, it is better to involve all family members to make the house as comfortable and convenient as possible for everyone. It is extremely difficult to redo a project after construction; the price of building a panel house after changing the design is high, so it is better to resolve these issues at the beginning.
Think about neighboring houses in advance so that your home fits harmoniously with the world. Decide on floors and plot sizes. Be sure to consider all power supply, ventilation, water supply, sewerage and heating systems. The size and number of rooms will also depend on these factors. For example, you might need separate room for the boiler room. You may need sanitary systems http://www.ecosan.ru/
Selecting a location
When choosing a place to build a structure, be sure to take into account the soil structure, communication routes and level groundwater. Panel houses have the advantage that weak soils (silty, additive) can be used during construction.
As a rule, panel house projects are designed for a flat area. But it rarely happens that sites fully comply with all parameters. You can tie the project to the features of the area and, without changing the landscape, change the ground and basement parts of the house. Or you can change the terrain by creating a platform or terracing.
Tools and materials
Before you start building a panel house with your own hands, you need to acquire all necessary materials and tools. Clearly determine how much material and in what proportions will be needed for the roof, foundation, construction of walls and for each subsequent stage of construction.
Let's list the main tools for efficient and not too tiring work. You will need: circular saw, electric jigsaw, regular or laser level, metal square, 500 gram and 1 kilogram hammer, large pliers, screwdriver with two 19V batteries, hand saw, nail puller, 3 and 7 meter tape measure, medium and small light axe. You can purchase special books that will help you easily cope with the choice of tools and all stages of construction on your own.
Planning
The panel technology of building houses is that first it is necessary to assemble the primary structures. As a rule, this is done in special workshops. In the carpentry workshop, the base for the frames is cut to the required length, after which it is secured with staples, screws or nails.
The basis for the frame is the upper and lower horizontal parts. Vertical supports are installed between them so that they are at a distance of 62.5 or 81.5 centimeters from each other. It turns out that in this way you can build walls of any length. Openings for windows and doors can be defined anywhere. Planning a panel house does not depend at all on the gap between the vertical supports of the frame.
A wooden frame will take on all vertical structural loads that may arise due to its own weight and associated lateral loads. If you want to protect your walls from the effects of wind, you should watch a video about the construction of a panel house and strengthen the cladding of the structure. This task can be accomplished by finishing the frame over the entire area. In this case, you can use plywood, a board with a special direction of chips or chipboard. Thus, the external decoration of the walls will not only be durable, but also protected from external influences.
Construction of the foundation
Since the structures of panel houses are quite light, a foundation that is not very deep can be used. You can use the foundation in the form monolithic slab or tape. First you need to dig a trench of the required size to a depth of about 2 meters. The depth level may depend on climatic conditions.
After leveling the trench, it is necessary to install formwork, which is made from edged boards according to the width of the trench, and the height must be at least forty centimeters above the top edge of the trench. To prepare the formwork, you will need a grade 1 or 3 edged board 3.4-6 meters long and 20-25 millimeters thick, nails 70-80 millimeters and a block with a cross-section of 50x50 millimeters.
When everything is ready, you need to put brick, broken slate, stones, etc. at the bottom of the trench. In this case, the layer thickness should not be more than 1/3 of the trench depth. Then the surface is covered with a layer of sand about 20 centimeters and the whole thing is watered. When the water has subsided, you need to fill the sand again and pour water over everything.
This procedure can be performed about 3-5 times. This will depend on how the sand is removed. If its level practically does not change, this means that all the spaces are filled, so you can start making the frame. To do this, you can use reinforcement, channel, pipes, angles, etc. To prepare the foundation mortar, you will need the following components: fine gravel, water, M-500 cement and sand.
If you want to cook concrete mortar, you will need a concrete mixer. The ideal proportions of the components will be as follows: sand - 75 kilograms, cement - 25 kilograms, gravel - 125 kilograms, water - 12-13 liters. If the concrete mixer is designed for a smaller volume, you can recalculate the components. The prepared mixture is poured into the trench and compacted. Try to correctly calculate the proportions of the composition so as not to throw extra money down the drain.
Construction of walls
After creating the foundation, you can begin constructing the walls of the frame house and building the building. First of all, it is necessary to make an insulating substrate from roofing felt. This material is the simplest and most inexpensive. Roofing felt is carefully laid between the surfaces of the foundation made of embedded timber. After completing the work of waterproofing the foundation, you can begin laying the foundation of the walls.
A hole is drilled at the site of future fastening, after which a pin of dry wood, called a dowel, is driven into the joints of the timber. This is done to ensure the rigidity of the beam connection. It is necessary to ensure that the dowel fits into the desired hole with interference. Such a connection can be used as a corner connection or for cutting a wall.
The base for the frame is built at a height that should be equal to the height of the two beams. According to construction technology frame-panel house After laying the embedded beams, it is necessary to make a cut in the upper beam approximately half the size of the beam. Remember that the width of the opening must be equal to the width of the timber specified for the racks. Please note that the number of seats must be equal to the number of racks.
Then the posts, sawn to the proper height, are inserted into the holes and secured with an inclined support - a bracket that connects the two frame units. When the installation of all racks is completed, it is necessary to secure the upper beam with pre-cut holes. Next, the upper ends of the racks are inserted into the grooves.
Please note that the distance between the grooves should be equal to the distance of the holes made on the lower (mortgage) beam. Be sure to check for tilt and skewing using a building level and plumb line. After this, the racks are attached with the help of jibs, and the temporary jibs are removed from the boards.
Next, you need to secure the longitudinal jumpers from the timber using the same method - hole into hole, but assembling them together using simple construction nails at least 100 millimeters long. Only after these steps can you start covering external wall without boarding up the openings of windows and doors.
Exterior works
For panel houses, there are several options for external wall decoration. You can buy metal or vinyl siding. Vinyl siding will not heat up quickly in the sun, and metal can be coated with an anti-corrosion protective layer. Recently, panel houses are often finished with a block house. Walls made of this material look like rounded logs and are not blown through.
Due to lock connection, it will be very easy to install this material. After installation is complete, the panels are coated with a fire-protective compound, which will make the material last longer. You can use panels that imitate timber. As a rule, they are made from high-quality, well-dried wood.
In the process of building a frame-panel house, you can use decorative plaster, which has an increased service life. Using a decorative coating, you can achieve a wide variety of results, even simulating stone walls. Another finishing method is artificial stone.
Don’t forget about lining, the most affordable and simple version for finishing panel houses. But it is susceptible to humidity, so after a while it will be necessary to reupholster it. You can use a combination of various types finishes that will look very beautiful. Despite the appearance, any exterior finish will require maintenance and updating. protective coating with a certain frequency.
When connecting the outer skin, you must be extremely careful so that you don’t have to redo everything all over again later. To do this, fastening the sheets starts from the corner and continues in a circle. After this, you can lay the finished floor and install windows and doors.
Interior work
Used for wall insulation various materials. Boiler slag can be used mineral wool, expanded clay or foam. The highest quality insulation materials are mineral wool and polystyrene foam. Slag and expanded clay are used at winter temperatures of at least 20°C. Before insulating the walls, a waterproofing layer is laid, which is placed between insulation material and the outer wall.
You can use film, but according to the technology of building panel houses, it is best to use parchment paper. It should be cut into strips of the required sizes, secured to the wall using slats, and fixed “sheet to sheet” so that there are no gaps. If you choose mineral wool for insulation, the work will go very quickly and efficiently.
Mineral wool is attached to the walls of the structure using bars with a cross-section of 15x20 centimeters. In this case, it is advisable to stuff the bars vertically. It is recommended to fill the joints of the slabs with bars that are wider than those that secure the mineral wool slabs in the middle.
After the insulation procedure has been completed, you can begin the interior lining. As is the case with exterior decoration, internal also has a lot of options. You can decorate the walls with paint, drywall, smooth wood or artistic painting. You can trim the walls with tongue-and-groove boards, which, when attached to the frame supports, are positioned horizontally.
The interior cladding of the house must extend to the floorboards so that when constructing the floor, the board does not go under the wall. In this case, if repairs are necessary, it can be easily replaced. As a floor for a panel house would be better suited wood flooring or parquet.
Roof installation
The roof of a panel house is installed using traditional methods. Typically, a rafter system is installed, then sheathing and waterproofing are done, after which the roofing is laid. If there is an attic, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier layer. The roof also needs to be insulated using the technology of frame-panel houses.
Complete roof installation includes a list of works on the installation of a roof frame, thermal insulation, waterproofing, vapor barrier, lathing and counter lathing, and installation of other roofing accessories. The beginning is determined roofing works choice of roofing covering and roof configuration. When choosing a roof, pay attention to the purpose of the building. If you are making a roof from metal tiles, in this case lathing will not be required, since the sheets of this material are quite rough and hard.
To fasten this type of roof, self-tapping screws are used. The sheets are applied to the base so that the edge of the sheet is 40 millimeters below the cornice. Thanks to this installation, a gap will be formed, which is necessary for ventilation. Any roofing covering has its advantages, disadvantages and installation methods.
Installation of utilities
Install engineering Communication doing it on your own is quite difficult. It will not be easy for an ordinary person to cope with this, so we recommend seeking the help of specialists. But if you decide to do this yourself, first you need to carefully watch the video about the construction of frame-panel houses and familiarize yourself with the “Rules for the construction of electrical installations.”
This extensive set of documents describes in detail all the stages and features of electrical work. After this you need to contact local authorities energy supply and receive technical specifications to connect the house to the area's power grid. Approximately the same must be done when installing heating, water supply and sewerage systems. Still, it is better to carry out such work under the supervision of a specialist.
Thus, the construction of panel houses is becoming more and more popular every day. Such a house is beautiful, cozy and comfortable. However, it can be used all year round, providing the necessary protection and insulation systems. Before building a panel house, carefully study all the instructions. I wish you success!
Particularly popular today are panel houses, which are distinguished by their lightness, low price and ease of assembly. These inexpensive buildings are the best solution for construction country house, bathhouses and even a residential building. They can be built in one season.
Pros and cons of prefabricated buildings
If you decide to order frame-panel house, you are probably interested in what the pros and cons of such construction have. Among the advantages are:
- speed of construction.
- relatively low cost
- durability
- environmental friendliness
- variety of designs
- do not need heavy foundations
- are built year-round
- can be built on any soil
About how the cons frame houses turn into advantages, read.
You can build frame-panel houses with your own hands, which is very cheap. Having ordered ready-made panels according to your plan, all you have to do is assemble the house, like a construction set. However, panel houses also have disadvantages:
- No matter how well the wood is processed, it will have a shorter service life when compared with stone, brick or concrete.
- The slightest failure to comply with technology leads to distortions.
- Even treated with fire protection, wood is more fire hazardous than other materials.
Construction technology
Despite the apparent ease of erecting frame-panel houses, this process requires certain knowledge and skills. Let's take a closer look at how to assemble this house yourself; to do this, let's look at what such construction is.
Panel construction refers to improved frame construction. The main elements of these buildings are the frame, panels, roof, floor, external and internal decoration.
As for exactly Canadian technology, then the design of shields (or SIP panels) includes a frame, insulation, vapor barriers, and wind protection. The assembly of such a house resembles a panel connection of walls. The walls of the shield are OSB boards, between which the entire filling of the wall is located.
For better thermal protection, the insulation is attached (under pressure) to the slabs so that they protrude slightly around the perimeter beyond the layer of polystyrene foam. What are the typical sizes of sandwich panels? Based on the plan of your house, you can choose thickness 12, 14, 15, 16, 20 cm, width 125. The length of the panels can also be 250, 280 or 300 cm.
Where to begin?
What can be built using ready-made panels? Yes, almost any building, both simpler and atypical. Typical garden houses are a one-story building with a gable roof and possibly an attic. Country houses can be for permanent residence or only seasonal (garden). You can make them yourself or order them on a turnkey basis.
Any construction, including frame-panel construction, begins with a plan. You can draw the plan yourself, but it is advisable to do this for simple buildings. If you want to have a full-fledged residential building, it is better to order a plan from special organizations. The price of a plan can range from several hundred rubles to several thousand.
The second stage of preparation is the construction of the foundation. Panel houses need a foundation, but what is good about them is that the foundation can be lightweight. Read more about foundations.
We purchase ready-made panels
After installing the foundation, you can place an order for sip panels. Having calculated required sizes panels, having agreed on the price, place your order. Firms engaged in the construction of such turnkey houses can help you with the calculations.
A house made of vulture panels does not involve the construction of a frame, as in traditional frame construction. The panels themselves are already both a frame and insulated walls. The role of the frame is performed by rigid frames made of timber. Later it will be possible to make a veranda, porch or any other extension based on the frame. Sip panels are placed on prepared foundations. The base for the house is made of timber. The roof may be various options- single-pitch, gable, from a variety of materials.
If you want to save money, after purchasing the panels, you can assemble the house yourself. Check out the video about assembling such a house, and you will see that everything can be done with your own hands.
We contact developers
If you don't want to waste your time and are not too constrained financially, can buy ready house turnkey from the company. Great amount The company offers fast and high-quality construction of both private residential buildings and industrial buildings, garages, retail and warehouse premises based on SIP panels using modern frame technologies.
By contacting specialists who use modern technologies construction and finishing, using high-quality heat, water and sound insulation and fire protection, you will receive a finished building within two to three months. Greater competition has significantly improved the quality standards of such houses. The big advantage is that the companies have specialists whose practice one can envy.
If you have a dacha and you want to put it on small house, for example, 6x8 or 6x6, frame-panel construction suits you perfectly. Country houses can be of any size and shape.
Money issue
Residential buildings
Before ordering construction, you need to figure out how much a particular house will cost approximately. Naturally, the price for a bathhouse, a garden and country house and for a residential building will vary. The price depends on the size of the house, the complexity of the design and functionality. The most popular buildings have dimensions of 6x6 and 6x8.
Approximate prices for the most popular buildings:
1. House dimensions: 4 by 6 m
- built-up area: 24 sq.m
- premises area: 37 sq.m
- cost of a panel house: 240,000 rubles
Price of the same frame house: 320,000 rubles.
The foundation is ordered separately, the cost of a monolithic strip foundation is 120,000 rubles. Pile screw foundation will cost 66,000 rubles.
2. House dimensions: 5 by 6 m
- built-up area: 30 sq.m
- premises area: 48 sq.m
The price of a panel house is: 270,000 rubles
Frame house: cost 350,000 rub.
3. House dimensions: 6x6 m
- built-up area: 36 sq.m
- premises area: 56 sq.m
Price for a panel house: 290,000 rubles.
Frame house: RUB 385,000.
4. House dimensions: 6x8 m
- built-up area: 48 sq.m
- premises area: 65 sq.m
Price for a frame house: 420,000 rub.
Panel house: cost 340,000 rub.
If the size of the house is more than 100 m2, then the price immediately increases several times. For example, a residential building on 2 floors with an area of 184 m2 with dimensions of 9.6 × 11.6 m has a cost of 2,278,000 rubles. On average, the price for 1 square meter is 12,378 rubles.
For steam room lovers
What are the prices today for frame-panel baths? Let's look at a few projects. Let's start with the simplest options.
1. Bathhouse for 195,000 rubles.
The most compact model with a length of 4 meters can fit in any area. Area 10 sq. m. Its price is 195,000 rubles. Premises: steam room, locker room. Designed for 3 people. Lighting is available in each compartment - bath glass lamps. There is an outlet in the dressing room. All electrics are carried out through a cable channel and connected through 16 A circuit breakers - to the light, 16 A - to the socket. The cable channel and all components are made in the same design and have a wood color.
2. Bathhouse for 240,000 rubles
Compact model of a bathhouse with a terrace and 2 compartments: a changing room and a steam room. The package includes two-tier aspen shelves, a metal sauna stove "Osa" with a built-in tank for hot water, chimney from the stove with a spark arrester and fire protection, folding table, 2 chairs. Lighting and electrical are standard.
3. Bathhouse for 370 rubles
Premises: relaxation room, washing room, steam room. There is also a table and two benches for those who like to steam. Features a spacious layout. Has an area of 17.5 sq. m. Turnkey.
The cheapest bathhouse I was able to find cost 99,000 rubles and was on sale. Let us now consider the most expensive frame-panel baths.
1. total area baths - 127.62 m²
Area of the 1st floor - 79.82 m²
Veranda – 14 m²
Tambour – 1.54 m²
Wardrobe – 1.54 m²
Rest room - 26.1 m²
Steam room - 8.33 m²
Shower room – 7.51 m²
Kitchen – 10.8 m²
Attic area - 47.8 m²
Billiard room – 36.2 m²
Room – 14.9 m²
Balcony – 6.7 m²
Cost: 1,168,400 rub. Full construction.
2. Spacious and functional bathhouse with a swimming pool.
On the ground floor: hall, living room, steam room, swimming pool, shower and toilet.
On the second floor: recreation room (billiard room).
1st floor – 76 m²
2nd floor – 47 m².
Price 1,131,600 rub. Full construction.
Thus, you can order a large and luxurious frame-panel bathhouse, or you can limit yourself to an inexpensive budget option. Read about how to build a bathhouse yourself.
Houses for summer living
Summer houses - great option for those who like to spend the summer months outdoors and move to the city in winter. The cost of country houses can also vary. Let's look at the cheapest and most expensive options.
Garden houses Kashtan 4X5.5 m have a price of 168,000 rubles. garden house Falcon 3X5.8 m costs 180,000 rubles. Two-story houses start at a price of 260,000 rubles. Houses with an area of 48 m2 or more have a price of 350,000 rubles.
What will you get by placing an order for the construction of a turnkey country house?
- foundation (column or pile)
- strapping crown
- house frame
- walls
- insulation
- finished floor
- ceiling
- interfloor ceilings
- attic floor
- partitions
- doors
- roof
- ladder
Popular projects
The most popular projects summer 2015:
- Frame and panel house "Gardener 1". Dimensions: 6x6 m2. Area: 61m2. Cost: 350,750 rub.
- "Gardener 2". Dimensions: 6x6. Area: 61m2. Price: RUB 350,750
- "Gardener 3". Dimensions: 6x6. Area: 61m2. Cost: 350,750 rub.
- "Gardener 6". Dimensions: 6x7.5. Area: 74.15m2. September price: 419,750 rub.
- "Cosiness". Dimensions: 4x5. Area: 31.29m2. September price: 276,000 rub.
- "Forester". Dimensions: 6x8. Area: 73m2. September price: RUB 447,350.
- "Khutor". Dimensions: 6*8. Area: 73m2. September price: RUB 447,350.
- "Darnitsa". Dimensions: 6x8. Area: 78m2. September price: 431,250 rub.
- "Hearth." Dimensions: 6x6. Area: 66m2. September price: RUB 362,250. August price: RUB 315,000.
A traditional frame panel house consists of wooden or metal base, as well as flat cladding in the form of large panels.
In addition to the reliability and stability of such structures, one of the advantages of a panel house can be considered ease of construction: just read the step-by-step instructions for do-it-yourself frame houses to understand the main stages construction work.
For this reason, we decided to tell you about how you can quickly and efficiently build a house using panels yourself.
In this article you will see a photo of a frame-panel house - and make sure that the appearance of such buildings can be very different, and a video about assembling a frame-panel house will help you master the most necessary information.
Frame and panel house, photo
Preparation for construction
Here's what you need to know if you are planning to build a panel house with your own hands: the frame house must be drawn in the form of a model - and all the subtleties of its shape, size and layout must be taken into account in advance. Common frame house diagrams can help you with this, and if you wish, you can entrust the design to architects who will turn your ideas and wishes into reality.
Advice: Involve all family members in creating a scheme for building a frame house, so that everyone feels comfortable in it.Since the amount of material consumed for a panel house will depend on the design features, calculate its area and decide on the number of floors. Also it is important to remember the need to allocate space for communication systems(electricity, gas, water, etc.), and heating may require the allocation of an entire room.
Before you start building a panel house with your own hands, you should decide on the terrain. The ease and duration of construction work, as well as the reliability of the structure being created, will be affected by the nature of the soil, the presence groundwater, surface evenness and even climate.
Advice: If you need to start construction work in an area that is not level enough, you can correct the disadvantages of the terrain by building a terrace, an open area, or even a basement floor.When we build a house with our own hands, showing phased construction building a frame house with your own hands on video can help you avoid basic mistakes. But you still have to make some decisions yourself: for example, choosing materials for building a frame house.
The frame base can be metal pipes With rectangular cross-section or wooden beams. And as a material for covering the frame, you can choose smallpox or lining, high-quality plywood, corrugated board, siding and other materials.
Basic construction work
How to build a frame-panel house with your own hands? To do this you will need a saw, a jigsaw, a metal square, construction pliers, a level, a medium and large hammer, a medium and large axe, a screwdriver, a nail puller, a tape measure, a hacksaw, rebar and small construction details(nails, screws, angles, etc.), as well as a concrete mixer.
The main materials for building a frame-type house with your own hands will require roofing felt, cement, insulating finishing, roofing, boards, brick, broken slate, M500 cement, gravel and sand with small granules, stones, as well as facing coatings.
In what difference between frame and frame-panel house? It turns out that the difference between the two indicated types of houses is simple: a frame house is erected from separate boards on a selected site, and a frame-panel house is made at the factory in parts (panels), and only then at the construction site such panels are assembled into a solid structure.
If you watch the video lessons for building frame houses with your own hands, you will see that work begins with the creation of primary structures.
In particular, the upper and lower base for the frames is cut, which is subsequently secured with screws, nails or strong staples. Place supports between the two bases at a distance of about 65-80 cm.
Remember! The wood must be strong and wear-resistant, since it is this part of the wall that will bear the main load of its weight.
To protect a prefabricated panel house from the wind with your own hands, use additional Decoration Materials for the frame. It could be special particle board, moisture-resistant plywood and other wood-based materials.
Step-by-step instructions for building a frame-panel house with your own hands include the following steps:
- laying the foundation;
- walling;
- external finishing;
- interior finishing (including thermal insulation);
- roofing.
Step-by-step construction of a frame house with your own hands, photo
Let's discuss the details of building a frame-panel house. Since the panels used in such work are light in weight, it is not at all necessary to build a deep foundation. You can choose a strip foundation or a solid slab. But this work should begin with the preparation of a two-meter trench (depending on the climate, its depth may vary).
Next, make formwork from edged boards: it should be about 0.4 m higher than the trench. To do this, you will need strong 3-6-meter boards (grade 1 or 3) with a thickness of 25 mm, beams with a section of 5 by 5 cm, as well as 80 mm nails.
Next stage - laying broken slate, creating a structure from bricks and stones. In this case, the thickness of the formed layer should be up to a third of the depth of the trench. Details of this stage can also be found in the video of a frame-panel house. The top layer is covered with sand for another 20 cm, and to fill the niches it is watered. It is better to repeat this procedure about five times.
After compacting and drying the foundation, you can begin to create frames with your own hands.
The construction of walls begins with an insulating roofing felt substrate. By the way, many videos on how to build a frame house with your own hands inexpensively use this particular material due to its low cost.
Lay the roofing felt between the foundation surfaces, and then you can begin building the walls:
- Drill holes in some places of the foundation: here, to connect the timber, you need to drive in vertical pins made of dry wood (dowels). The dowel should fit into the hole with interference. The frame base should be equal to the height of the two beams. In the upper beam, a cut is made into half the beam. Consider the width of the beams used, since the number of landing sites should be equal to the number of racks.
- Proceed with the installation of the racks: they are inserted into the holes made. They can be secured using an inclined support-bracket, which will connect two frame units. After all the posts are installed, secure the top beam with the prepared holes.
- Insert the upper ends of the posts into the grooves. At the same time, maintain the distance between the grooves: it should be equal to the lower distances between the holes.
- Make sure that the created structure is not tilted and is firmly supported on the foundation. Use a level to check for evenness.
- Secure the racks using jibs, and also remove the temporary jibs.
- Secure all longitudinal beams in the same way. Use 10cm nails to secure.
After completing the described work, you can begin outer skin without first boarding up windows and doors. We advise you to watch a video on how to build a frame-panel house to understand the nuances of the stages described.
Do-it-yourself insulation and external finishing
It is not enough to know how a frame house is built: if you plan to spend the cold seasons here, you need to think about insulating the walls.
To insulate a frame-panel house with your own hands, you will need one of the following materials:
- mineral wool;
- Styrofoam;
- expanded clay;
- boiler slag.
The first two materials are considered the most reliable when carrying out insulation work. Expanded clay and slag allow you to retain heat in the room only if the temperature drops at least 20 degrees.
Let's look at step-by-step instructions for insulating a frame house with your own hands. First you need to create a waterproofing layer on the wall: use film, or even better, parchment.
For convenience, cut the material into strips and secure them with slats, laying them on top of each other to prevent gaps from occurring.
Below in the video of building a frame house you will see examples of working with different materials, we’ll tell you how to insulate panel walls mineral wool. Using bars with a section of 150 by 200 mm, attach the wool to the surface of the walls.
It is advisable to fill wider bars at the joints of the slabs: they will hold better and prevent cold from entering the room.After completing this procedure, you can start finishing. For interior design It is fashionable to use wood, drywall, and also create decor using paint and other materials.
When flashing the inside of the walls, please note that the materials should not go beyond the threshold limits, otherwise, during the process of decorating the floor, the board will go under the wall. By the way, for the floor in houses of this type it is best to use wood-based flooring or parquet.
You already know how frame houses are built, but it is important to remember external cladding. For example, you can choose vinyl siding (it will not heat up from the sun) or metal with anti-corrosion treatment. Also suitable for finishing are a block house or wooden panels, stylized as bars.
The photo below shows an example of a house made of panel panels, or shields:
When carrying out construction, you can use lining or decorative plaster. Almost any facing material will look good, but for this you need to be careful in the process of finishing surfaces.
Advice. To fix the selected material without spoiling the appearance of the walls, start from the corner area and follow in a circle.After completing this work, you can begin laying the floor, as well as installing windows and doors. Experts will tell you about these and other stages in a video of installing a frame house with your own hands.
Making a roof
Roofing work is one of the important technology procedures when we build a house with our own hands: a frame house does not require the construction of non-traditional roofs. It is enough to build a frame, provide hydro-, steam- and thermal insulation, carry out lathing and counter-latching work and think over the finishing and decor.
If you decide to build a house roof from metal tiles, there is no need for sheathing, since the material itself is highly durable and wear-resistant. After frame construction The material is secured with your own hands using self-tapping screws. The edge of the facing sheet should be 4 cm below the cornice. This will create a gap that will perform a ventilation function.
We advise you to tell the consultants that you are planning to build a frame house with your own hands - and ask them about the advantages and disadvantages of each roofing material. Today, fortunately, there are enough coatings that will make the roof also beautiful and will reliably perform its functions all year round.
That's all you need to create cozy home for the whole family.
If you are planning to build, a description of the stages of construction technology and video tips will help you cope on your own, without expensive craftsmen.
About preparing for winter cold you need to think in advance, even at the construction stage. Find out how to insulate walls wooden house inside, what materials to choose for thermal insulation.
Video
Finally, we invite you to watch several videos about a do-it-yourself frame house with step-by-step instructions for its construction.
Today, many people are interested in the opportunity to build a frame-panel house on their own. Why do people want to build a house with their own hands? First of all, it will not cost as much as the services of professional workers. Secondly, rare companies can “do it for themselves.” Technology will help you in this situation. self-construction houses. A panel house requires a minimum of time, money and effort. Among the main advantages of such a house are relatively low cost, the possibility of construction in winter, high levels of energy saving, environmental friendliness, short construction times, the possibility of architectural expressiveness, fire safety, high performance indicators, as well as construction of the structure without construction equipment.
Project preparation
Frame houses are constructed from flat components with subsequent reinforcing finishing. For example, in Canada, almost every owner personally takes part in the construction of his home. They do it this way: the family hires a professional who controls all stages of construction and manages the work. However, construction operations are carried out by the future owners of the house. Practice shows that this approach is justified. Construction costs are reduced, and the quality of work under the guidance of a specialist increases.
Correctly means significantly simplifying the work and minimizing the requirements for the qualifications and number of builders. you can resort to the help of professional workers, but now it is quite difficult to find a company that has been operating for a long enough time (more than 50 years) to be able to objectively evaluate the results of its work. Frame houses can be easily erected without the involvement of specialists. If you decide to build such a house yourself, you need to strictly follow the technology and consistently go through all stages of construction.
The first thing you will need is design. If you do not have such skills, it is better to trust this work architects. However, if you have the time and desire, you can try to master architecture programs.
Build a house with your own hands without big ones financial costs– isn’t it a tempting prospect? And if you think that it is real only for aces in the construction business, then you are simply not yet familiar with the technology of constructing panel dwellings. These houses require a minimum of finance, time and effort, so anyone can build them. You don’t have to hire a team of professionals, rent heavy equipment and wait months for your treasured home. All you need is step-by-step instruction, as well as photos and videos explaining the main points of construction. If you don't believe this is possible yet, check out step-by-step technology construction of a panel house - it will definitely dispel all doubts.
The first step is preparing the project. A panel house is very easy to assemble, but in order to also guarantee the quality of construction, you need to evaluate the entire scope of work in advance and streamline the processes, and here you cannot do without a plan diagram. It does not have to be very detailed - the main thing is that the following mandatory aspects are indicated:
- dimensions of the building: number of storeys, base width, number of rooms and their area, ceiling height;
- the location of the main and secondary rooms in the house;
- placement of main communications;
- calculation of materials for the structure: quantity, proportions and sizes of panels for panels, wooden beams and boards for the frame, as well as thermal insulation materials.
Panel house project Also at this stage you need to decide where the panel house will be located. As for the soil, even weak soil is suitable here, because the building will be light. But it is important that the site is level, otherwise construction will cause difficulties.
Foundation laying
The second step is building the foundation. Since the panel housing is relatively light in weight, a columnar base will be quite sufficient here:
- Carry out the markings: on the selected site, mark four foundation points that will outline the perimeter of the future house. Diagonally, they must be absolutely identical - deviations of even 1 cm are not allowed. Drive pegs around the perimeter of the site and stretch the string between them.
- Dig holes for mounting the posts. Their depth should be 20-25 cm greater than the freezing depth of the soil, and their width should be about 60 cm.
- Place a cushion of sand and crushed stone at the bottom of each hole: the height of each layer is 10-15 cm. Be sure to compact the cushions thoroughly.
- Place waterproofing in the holes. Thick polyethylene or roofing felt is suitable here.
Advice. Secure the waterproofing material with stones along the edges of the holes so that during subsequent pouring concrete mixture he did not end up at the bottom of the pits.
- Fill the holes with a 20-25 cm layer of concrete. Cover the filling with plastic wrap and remove it only when the mixture has set.
- When the concrete has dried, start laying bricks - build columns of 3-4 bricks in each hole. Lay them until the columns rise above their holes by at least 20 cm.
- Fill the gaps between the posts and holes with crushed stone, sand or gravel.
Foundation for a panel house - Top each one brick pillar roofing felt or bitumen mastic.
- Cover the resulting foundation with a fence - low stone, brick or wooden wall. This will make the design more attractive.
Construction of the box
The third step is the construction of walls, floors and ceilings.
First you need to waterproof the foundation and install the bottom trim on it. Next, floor joists are installed in the decoupling grooves. Lay them at intervals equal to the thickness thermal insulation material, which will subsequently be used to insulate the base of the floor. Thin wooden blocks need to be attached to the joists from below - the rough flooring will be formed from them.
Then install supporting posts for the frame at the corners of the structure. After aligning the racks, secure them with special temporary jibs. Next, secure the top trim to the posts.
Construction of a panel house box Now you need to increase the frame - around the perimeter bottom trim install the already familiar racks in increments of 50-100 cm. Don’t forget to leave openings for doors and windows. Then lay the top joists - the roof will be installed on them.
After this, you can remove the jibs and begin filling the frame with shields. It is advisable to buy already ready-made panels– with insulation and waterproofing inside. All you have to do is adjust the products to the size of your frame and install them in the free spaces. The panels must not only be fixed to the frame racks, but also connected to each other. To do this, use self-tapping screws. The corners of the structure must be covered with metal corners.
Important! All parts of the box must be carefully treated with antiseptic and fire-fighting compounds, otherwise there can be no talk about the durability of the house structure. You also need to fill all the gaps between the panels and racks with sealant.
Erection of the roof
The fourth step is building the roof. For panel houses it is recommended to build one or gable roof– they are both absolutely functional and do not require large amounts of work.
The construction technology involves two main stages:
- Installation of rafters. First, fix the mauerlat - a structure made of timber with a section of 10 x 10 - on the top frame. Prepare wooden beams for rafter system. Each rafter is separately attached to the finished Mauerlat - at this stage you are already forming one or two slopes, depending on the chosen roof option. Roofing nails, self-tapping screws, and metal plates can be used as fixing elements. The rafters must be connected to each other with special toothed overlays. Installation step rafter legs should be equal to the gaps between the frame posts. As for the size of the spans, this figure can vary from 2.5 m to 5 m - it all depends on the cross-section of the beams.
Advice. If you make maximum spans of 5 m, the rafters must be protected with supports.
- Roofing. Metal tiles are most often used as a roofing material - they are characterized by strength, easy installation, attractive appearance and low weight, which is especially important during construction panel buildings. Sheets of materials are mounted with an overlap of 15 cm. The tiles are attached to the rafters with self-tapping screws through a wave.
External and internal works
The fifth step, also the final one, is to perform various external and internal work.
The first step is to carry out network engineering and communications: heating, water supply, electricity, sewerage, ventilation, etc. Next, windows and doors are installed - you left openings for them at the stage of building the box. Then the exterior finishing is done. There are several options here:
- vinyl siding;
- block house;
- lining;
- decorative plaster;
- a natural stone.
Working with all these materials is quite easy. The main thing is accuracy: so that you don’t have to dismantle the material later due to inconsistencies and unaesthetic appearance, always start finishing from the corner.
Panel house with gable roof For thermal insulation, use mineral wool - it is durable and can withstand a wide range of temperatures. To begin, cover the walls and subfloor with waterproofing - lay parchment paper on them, securing it to the work surfaces with slats. Then prepare the mineral wool and lay it on the walls and floors, fixing wooden blocks. The latter are recommended to be laid vertically.
Next, lay the finished floor. As a rule, different variations of wood finishing are used for this: parquet, flooring, edged boards etc. And after that, you can safely move on to covering the internal surfaces and finishing the space.
Fast, reliable, cheap - this is how you can characterize the construction of a panel house. As you can see, the technology for its construction is indeed very simple and accessible. So if you've been thinking about own home, but are afraid to take on the construction of a traditional building, perhaps a lightweight alternative in the form of a panel house is exactly your option.