Wood fuel briquettes (euro firewood) have a wide range of applications and can be used for all types of solid fuel stoves and central heating boilers, etc. They burn well in sauna stoves, fireplaces, grills, barbecues, etc. Also used in industrial heating, railway transport, etc.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BRIQUETTES, PELLETS AND COAL*
Pini&Kay/Pini Kay
(octagonal bars with a longitudinal hole)
9800 rub/ton (mix)
10500 rub/ton (birch)
Length - 250 mm
Section - 65x65 mm (from edge to edge)
Diameter of circumscribed circle - 70 mm
Hole diameter - 20 mm
Humidity - 7-9%
Ash content - 0.5-1.0%
1 packaging (250x360x130 mm) = 10 kg (+/- 5%) = 12 briquettes tied with plastic strap tape in transparent shrink film.
Pini&Kay, compared to other wood briquettes, has the highest heat transfer, mechanical strength and the lowest hygroscopicity (due to heat treatment of the surface). The hole allows you to create draft inside the briquette, promoting combustion without forced ventilation, which makes it possible to use Pini&Kay in fireboxes with low draft. Due to the hole, which increases the combustion area, Pini&Kay flares up faster and heats the room faster than other briquettes. Pini&Kay briquette is number 1 among wood briquettes.
Nielsen/Nielsen
(cylinders)
9800 rub/ton
Length - 270 mm
Diameter - 90 mm
Humidity - 7-9%
Heat of combustion - 4850-4950 kcal/kg
Ash content - 0.5-1.0%
1
packaging (270x360x90 mm) = 10 kg (+/- 5%) = 6
briquettes in transparent shrink film.
Nielsen briquettes, due to their high density, are not inferior in heat transfer to Pini&Kay briquettes, and even slightly exceed them in burning time. Just like Pini&Kay, Nielsen briquettes belong to the class of premium briquettes.
RUF/RUF
(bricks)
from sawdust (mix) - 6800 rub/ton,
from sawdust (birch) - 7500 rubles/ton,
from wood dust(birch)- 7800 rub/ton
Length - 155 mm
Width - 95 mm
Height - 65 mm
Humidity 8-10%
Heat of combustion - 4400-4500 kcal/kg
Ash content - 0.9-1.0%
1 packaging (380x195x155 mm) = 10 kg (+/- 5%) = 12 briquettes in a bag made of transparent polyethylene film or in shrink film.
RUF briquettes are the golden mean, the most widespread and popular briquettes on the market. They have an optimal combination of price/quality balance. RUF from wood dust a little (~ on 5% ) is superior to its sawdust counterpart in terms of heat transfer and combustion time, but these advantages are felt only in long-burning boilers with automatic control. In simple boilers and furnaces, the difference between them is not so obvious.
Peat briquettes "Standard"
n not in stock
Characteristics:
Dimensions 170x70x30-100 mm
Humidity<16%
Ash content<14-16%
Heat transfer - 3600-3800 kcal/kg
Sulfur content<0,35%
25 kg (+/- 5%).
Peat briquettes boast the longest burning time compared to wood briquettes. But peat briquettes also have a number of disadvantages: heat transfer is less, they take longer to ignite (wood briquettes or firewood are needed for ignition), and they leave an order of magnitude more ash after burning. Many consumers use the main advantage of peat briquettes - a long burning time, to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room at night, so as not to wake up to refill the stove or boiler, and in the daytime they switch to wood briquettes.
Peat briquettes "EURO"
9500 rub/ton
Characteristics:
Dimensions 180x80x30-50 mm
Humidity<10%
Ash content<13%
Heat transfer - 4500-4600 kcal/kg
Sulfur content<0,2%
1 packaging (400x200x160 mm) = 10 kg (+/- 5%) = 16-20 briquettes in transparent shrink film.
Peat briquettes "EURO" or peat briquettes of the "new generation" are made from purified (separated) peat and have a higher density, so their heat transfer is at the level of wood briquettes. Having inherited the best properties from peat briquettes of the “old generation”, EURO briquettes minimized their disadvantages. Another obvious advantage of EURO briquettes is their packaging in 10 kg plastic bags, which makes them easier to carry. The optimal solution, proven over the years by our numerous clients, is the use of peat briquettes at night (the burning time of one bookmark allows you to maintain heat in the house all night), and during the day (and for igniting peat briquettes) - the use of wood briquettes.
Peat briquettes "Cylinder"
8800 rub/ton
Characteristics:
Dimensions 78x30-90 mm
Humidity<15%
Ash content<5%
Sulfur content<0,25%
Packaged in polypropylene bags 25 kg (+/- 5%).
Peat briquettes "Cylinder" are practically not inferior in their characteristics to briquettes "EURO". Thanks to cheaper packaging - packaging in plastic bags, they are a more affordable alternative. Based on the price-quality ratio of consumer properties, they are considered the optimal choice among peat briquettes.
Pellets
(wood pellets)
packed in bags:
8200 rub/ton(gray, 8mm)in plastic bags of 30 kg,
9500 rub/ton(light gray, 6 or 8mm)in plastic bags of 15, 16 or 20 kg,
11500 rub/ton(light, 6 or 8 mm) in plastic bags of 15 kg.
packed in BIG BAGS:
9300 rub/ton(gray, 6 or 8mm)
Characteristics:
Length - 5-25 mm
Diameter - 6 or 8 mm
Humidity - 8-9%
Heat transfer - 4400-4500 kcal/kg
Ash content - 0.25-0.4% (light), 0.6-1.1% (gray)
Packaged in plastic bags 15 , 16 or 20 kg (+/- 5%)
or polypropylene bags according to 25 or 30 kg (+/- 5%)
or in BIG-BAGS by 1000 kg (+/- 5%).
Our pellets (wood granules) are made from pure wood waste, without foreign impurities. Complies with German standards DIN (gray) and DIN+ (light). Pellets are used in special boilers equipped with automatic feeding systems and pellet burners. Pellets are also used as wood filler for cat litter.
Coal briquettes
not available
Characteristics:
Humidity<10%
Ash content<15%
Heat transfer - 6000-6100 kcal/kg
Sulfur content<0,2%
Packaged in paper bags (kraft bags) 15 kg (+/- 5%).
Coal briquettes is a modern type of solid fuel for stoves and boilers running on coal. They are produced by pressing coal chips. Combining the advantages of coal, such as high calorie content and burning time, coal briquettes have a number of advantages compared to conventional coal:
- They do not sinter, do not form slag deposits, only ordinary ash - it is easier to remove waste and control the combustion process.
- Coal has a lower density compared to briquettes. Conventionally: bucket of coal = 5kg, bucket of briquettes = 10kg. Accordingly, with the same volume of fuel added, the burning time of one fill increases, so less fuel is required for a full-fledged firebox.
- Briquettes are more permeable when burning than lump coal. The briquette burns completely, and you receive all the thermal energy contained in it. The result is an increase in the efficiency of heating devices up to 30% .
CoalD (Long flame)
9000 rub/ton - DO (walnut, 25-50mm),
9500 rub/ton - DM (small, 10-25mm).
Characteristics:
Fraction - 25-50mm (DO - nut) or 10-25mm (DM - small, eco-peas)
Humidity<16%
Ash content<10%
Heat transfer - 6000 kcal/kg
Sulfur content<0,25%
Packaged in polypropylene bags 25 kg (+/- 5%).
Kuznetsky coal basin.
Hard coal A (Anthracite)
13500 rub/ton - AM (small, 13-25mm)
14,000 rub/ton - JSC (walnut, 25-50mm)
Characteristics:
Fraction - 25-50mm (AO - nut) or 13-25mm (AM - small, eco-peas)
Humidity<16%
Ash content<8%
Heat transfer - 7000 kcal/kg
Sulfur content<0,25%
Packaged in polypropylene bags 25 kg (+/- 5%).
High quality graded coal Donetsk coal basin. All coal is processed at mining and processing plants (GOK). Those. the coal is sifted and sorted, washed and dried, does not contain rocks or fines and strictly corresponds to the declared fraction and specified characteristics.
*Parameters may vary slightly based on the manufacturing process.
Fuel briquettes and pellets are not subject to mandatory certification in the Russian Federation, however, we have passed voluntary certification. All products are manufactured using European-made equipment and comply with German DIN standards, Russian GOST R 55115-2012, GOST 55523-2013 and TU 5322-001-00257466-2016 (confirmed by laboratory test results).
COMPARISON OF WOOD BRIQUETTES WITH OTHER TYPES OF FUELS
Calorific value:
firewood with natural humidity (50-55%) ~ 1500 kcal/kg.
Those. when buying 1 ton of wood, you actually buy 500-550 kg water, the evaporation of which will take about 25% of the remaining real fuel.
naturally dried firewood (humidity 40-45%): pine ~ 1800 kcal/kg, birch ~ 1900-2100 kcal/kg
Boiler efficiency when using eurowood increases by 30-50% compared to conventional firewood.
Sulfur release when burning Eurowood<0,2%, что позволяет Clean the chimney 3-4 times less often than when using wood or coal.
Time burning and smoldering of briquettes on average 2.5 times higher than conventional firewood, they also ensure constant combustion temperature. This means that compared to conventional firewood, firebox stash can be produced 2-3 times less often.
It is difficult to deny that compressed sawdust briquettes are one of the most effective types successfully used for heating residential buildings. They have a high calorie content (about 5 kW is released from 1 kg when burned) and have a low ash content. Such briquettes are very convenient to store and stack, as they fold compactly and do not take up much space.
True, such fuel cannot be considered cheap: not every family can afford to heat their home with wood throughout the entire season. This raises a reasonable question: is it somehow possible to make wonderful fuel briquettes with your own hands. This is especially true in cases where the raw materials can be purchased almost at a bargain price. Fortunately, such techniques exist, and they may differ from each other. Let's look at some of them.
To get a clear understanding of how to make it yourself, you first need to know how they are made in a factory.
Raw materials
Any of the available methods is preceded by a preparatory stage, during which the raw materials are crushed and dried.
The raw materials are sawdust and some larger parts of wood processing waste. Drying is carried out until humidity levels approach 8-10 percent. Interestingly, all kinds of agro-industrial waste (for example, husks or seed husks) and coal dust can also be used as raw materials for Eurofirewood.
Briquetting
The next production process is sawdust pressing, or briquetting. Today this can be done in two different ways:
- Extrusion method;
- Forming briquettes on a special hydraulic press.
In both cases, as a result of powerful compression of crushed wood, lignin, a special natural substance, begins to be released from it. It is this that becomes the binding composition for the crumbly mass of raw materials. The difference in the processes consists only in different compression methods. In one case, a hydraulic press is used, capable of developing a force of up to 300-600 Bar.
The force of this compression heats the shredded wood, and this contributes to the formation of a solid rectangular briquette.
With another method, extrusion, wood raw materials are poured into a special hopper of the unit, and, by analogy with a meat grinder, it is moved by a screw into a conical working channel, which narrows. It is there that the compression takes place, during which the screw press develops an incredibly powerful force of up to one thousand bar.
When ready, firewood made from sawdust comes out of the extruder in the form of hexagons. Before this, they undergo heat treatment and are cut with a special knife to exact dimensions.
Fuel briquettes at home
It is completely unrealistic to imagine a situation where someone decides to purchase such a powerful unit capable of pressing briquettes at home. Even if finances allow this to be done, and the raw materials will be obtained for free, the purchase will only be recouped if the produced fuel is sold on a large scale.
In other words, it is clear that it will not be possible to implement the traditional method, which would release lignin, at home. But numerous home craftsmen, through trial and error, learned to use other binding materials.
Raw materials and preparation
- corrugated cardboard, paper;
- the cheapest, for example, wallpaper;
- clay.
To make fuel briquettes at home, it is not at all necessary to purchase expensive pressing and drying equipment. At home, things are done differently.
Savvy homeowners have gotten the hang of pressing heating briquettes from a variety of available materials that can burn:
- from ,
- leaves,
- straw,
- cardboard,
- seed husks and other things.
- Sawdust is placed in water, clay is added there in a ratio of 1 to 10, stirred well, then inexpensive wallpaper glue or soaked cardboard is added to the composition.
- The mixture obtained in this way is placed in a homemade pressing mold, and squeezed as hard as possible using hand force.
- The formed rectangles are taken out of the mold and laid out to dry outside, naturally.
Manual screw mechanism
The simplest press for the production of fuel bars, which you can make yourself, has a manual drive.
The design of this mechanism is extremely simple. But the productivity of such a screw device is low - this explains their low popularity.
A special molding container with holes is filled with the finished mixture, the screw is tightened tightly, creating increased pressure.
When using them, a lot of time is spent filling the container, twisting the mold and removing the formed briquette.
Brick ejection mechanism
It is much easier and much faster to extrude molded briquettes on another press. It is also homemade, but features a long lever and a special device for pushing out the brick. To speed up the process, some people weld not one mold, but a pair, to the frame.
Some craftsmen are capable of producing other, more advanced equipment. How to increase the productivity of a manual machine? By installing a hydraulic jack instead of a manual drive. Of course, to produce such a unit you will have to put in a lot of effort, but the result deserves it.
Note! It will not be possible to create a pressure reaching at least 300 Bar in a homemade press even with the help of a hydraulic jack. It is unlikely that it will be possible to reproduce the factory technology at home without adding water.
Screw press
However, some craftsmen, despite difficulties with parts, managed to produce a screw press. With its help, it is possible to produce heating bricks of fairly high quality.
Craftsmen write about this on forums, but at the same time they note the rather high costs of a housing made of high-strength steel and the manufacture of screw parts. Of course, in this case you cannot do without an electric drive. A motor of at least 7 kW power will be required.
Fuel briquettes at home - pros and cons
The reasons for the attractiveness of this type of fuel are quite clear.
If a person has the opportunity to purchase cheap sawdust, or if he suddenly owns a small wood production facility, then it is quite natural to want to make briquettes on his own.
Why not burn the wood waste itself?
- The fact is that not every technique is capable of burning sawdust directly.
- Typically, wood chips burn very quickly and ineffectively, and some of it falls into the ash pan.
Special equipment
To effectively burn small wood waste, you will need a special top-burning or shaft-type boiler.
- It is almost impossible to make one yourself; the prospect of pressing waste into briquettes looks much more realistic. Although here everything is not as simple as it seems;
- Purchasing factory equipment is unreasonably expensive, and few people can afford it;
- It's cheaper to buy it yourself
- Of course, a briquetting press can be made by hand. But the resulting fuel will be of low quality, and their heat transfer will not be that high.
Why is heat transfer low?
The fact is that it is virtually impossible to reproduce the factory technology, observing all the nuances, at home:
- The resulting “” have low density and, accordingly, low weight.
- The specific heat of their combustion is almost three times less than that of wood.
- Consequently, for the same heating you will need three times more homemade briquettes.
- The process of making them takes a lot of time and effort. Although, if they exist, why not?
- By the way, such fuel should be stored carefully so that it does not become saturated with moisture.
Do-it-yourself fuel briquettes - yes or no?
Of course, it is possible to make real fuel briquettes using homemade equipment.
The main thing is to have enough time for this, as well as free space for drying and storing products.
The availability of sawdust plays an important role: it is desirable that they do not have to be expensively purchased or delivered from afar. In this case, the idea would not make sense at all - it would be much more effective to purchase a large truck of firewood.
Be that as it may, it is up to the owner to decide.
The search for an alternative fuel sometimes leads to unexpected results. And it all started with wood - the mother of all modern coolants. And it would seem that it was completely lost against the backdrop of cheap gas, efficient diesel fuel or exotic fuel. But the time has come to take a fresh look at wood, and the reason for this was the emergence of a new product - fuel briquettes, or as they are also called, Euro-firewood.
They are a compressed mass, consisting in most cases of wood waste (sawdust, shavings, etc.). Briquettes may differ in composition, shape and production method. But regardless of these parameters, they all have certain physical properties.
The physical properties of briquettes fully correspond to wood, since it is part of their composition. But there are certain differences in characteristics.
The main problem with simple firewood is the increased humidity and ash content. When any type of wood burns, a certain amount of minerals remains. For many breeds, this parameter ranges from 1.2 to 3% of the total mass. At the same time, due to the primary processing of raw materials before the production of briquettes, the ash content can be reduced to 0.7%.
There is also the so-called external ash - mineral substances that got into the firewood during its preparation, transportation or storage. These impurities can be included in the composition with a 15% content. Briquettes are completely free of this “unnecessary” component.
The calorific value (transfer of internal energy to the surrounding space) for firewood has a maximum value of 3000 kcal/kg. For briquettes, this value ranges from 4400 to 5200 kcal/kg.
We can summarize the results with a small table of briquette characteristics:
Knowing these data, you can professionally choose one or another type of briquette fuel. But before that, it’s worth considering their advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages:
- High calorific value.
- During the combustion process, a small amount of CO2 is released - several orders of magnitude lower than that of coal or gas.
- Minimal formation of ash, which can subsequently be used as mineral fertilizer.
- Convenient form for storage.
- Higher density compared to conventional wood. This allows you to obtain a sufficient amount of heat with smaller briquette sizes.
Flaws:
- Briquettes are more expensive than regular firewood. But their effectiveness is much higher.
- Organization of a special storage place.
There are several types of this fuel, each of which differs in the degree of processing and form.
Cylindrical
In most cases, this is pressed wood pulp of a cylindrical shape; they are often called Euro firewood.
The advantage of this technology is the minimal equipment of the production line and high productivity.
Geometric dimensions:
- Diameter: 60-90 mm.
- Length: from 50 to 350 mm.
Rectangular
Another name is firmly attached to this type of briquettes – RUF. It was borrowed from the manufacturer of pressing equipment - the German company Ruf.
They have a rectangular shape and are easy to store. No special additives are used in their production, only pure sawdust. Equipment for this form of briquettes is supplied by several European companies. And despite its low price, the quality of the products almost always remains at a high level.
Geometric dimensions – 65*95*150 mm.
Multifaceted
The main problem with the products described above is the fear of moisture. To solve this problem, special equipment was developed that allows not only pressing, but also external heat treatment of briquettes.
Their shape can be 4- or 6-sided. As a result of exposure to temperature, the surface acquires a dark brown color and a protective moisture-resistant layer is formed. Another feature is the high press pressure – up to 1100 bar. This increases the density of the product and, accordingly, its combustion efficiency.
The main prerogative of the owner of a country house is to provide his household with maximum comfort.
And, as you know, warm comfort is achieved through the use of a heating system with an efficient heating boiler. Therefore, a good owner, first of all, thinks about what type of fuel to use in the boiler in order to achieve maximum heat transfer.
The modern market for fuel materials is very widely saturated with offers for the purchase of various types of fuel; the energy efficiency of some could be debated. We propose to consider this type of raw material for heating in a boiler, such as Ruf fuel briquettes, which today are the leader among other types of fuel.
What are they?
The fuel material of the German brand Ruf is briquettes, which consist of sawdust and waste of high-quality wood, both hard and soft species, and does not contain bark and other illiquid waste from the forestry industry.
It is also important that Ruf fuel briquettes contain absolutely no adhesive-based chemicals. First of all, this is due to the technology of producing briquettes using a special set of technical devices.
On what equipment are they produced?
The technological line for the production of Ruf eurobriquettes consists of two important structural elements:
- dryer, which is designed to reduce the moisture content of wood chips and sawdust;
- a hydraulic press that directly briquets wood material.
The result of the technological process will be briquettes, shaped like a standard brick.
What characteristics do they have?
The technical properties of Ruf fuel briquettes are as follows:
- calorific value ranges from 4200 to 4500 kcal/kg;
- the maximum ash level is 1%;
- humidity is in the range of 7–13%;
- The average density of briquettes is 750–800 kg/m3.
The numerical expression of the above characteristics of Ruf fuel briquettes will probably not tell an ordinary person anything.
To understand the effectiveness of using briquettes of this brand, let’s compare some properties of other types of fuel using the same indicators:
- Calorific value:
- brown coal – 3910 kcal/kg;
- wood – from 1500 to 3000 kcal/kg depending on humidity;
- hard coal – 4800 kcal/kg;
- Ruf briquettes – on average 4350 kcal/kg.
- brown coal – 40%;
- peat briquettes – 16%;
- hard coal – 20%;
- Ruf briquettes – 1%.
A comparison of two indicators is enough to understand one simple truth: Ruf briquettes are a very effective type of fuel for a heating boiler in a country home!
Benefits of use
Analyzing the above-mentioned worthy characteristics of Ruf fuel briquettes, it is logical to assume that their use has a number of the following advantages:
- during the combustion process, briquettes do not have a characteristic crackling sound and do not spark;
- have a high degree of heat transfer during prolonged combustion;
- excellent resistance to moisture;
- practicality in use;
- with an even investment of briquettes and firewood into the firebox, the heat transfer of the boiler significantly increases, and the consumption of fuel materials decreases by 2–4 times;
- briquettes, which contain birch wood, do not leave soot and tar scale on the walls of the fuel chamber of the boiler, which greatly facilitates the maintenance of this boiler unit;
- occupy a small amount of space during storage, while cleanliness in the warehouse will be guaranteed.
The above advantages of Ruf fuel briquettes can only indicate that this is the optimal type of fuel for a heating boiler in a country house. And in conclusion of the article I would like to dwell on one more aspect.
As you know, transportation costs for fuel delivery are logically included in its cost. Now let’s give an example: a truck with a body volume of 80 m3 at a time can transport 7–8 tons of firewood when packed tightly, at the same time, it can deliver 20–24 tons of Ruf fuel briquettes! Draw your own conclusions!
Thus, in this article we have indicated all the important aspects of using Ruf brand fuel briquettes. We hope that our compelling arguments will be the reason that you will use only Ruf fuel briquettes to heat your home.
How to choose a high-quality RUF briquette, see the following video:
Usage: in the technology of production of carbon-containing fuel. The essence of the invention: the invention is aimed at increasing the mechanical strength and calorific value of fuel briquettes. The composition for fuel briquettes includes peat and technological additives. As technological additives, nitrocellulose pyroxylin powder crushed to a size of no more than 3 mm and waste sludge from the production of dioctyl phthalate are used, in the form of a mechanical mixture of plasticizer-dioctyl phthalate, activated carbon and Butron clay. The ratios of the components are given. The method for producing fuel briquettes includes grinding, sifting the components, mixing them, pressing and drying. Mixing of the components is carried out in a paddle-type mixer for 30 minutes. Ethyl acetate is used as a solvent. Pressing is carried out on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 10-15 MPa with a diameter of elements of 10-40 mm. The briquette is dried at a temperature of about 50 o C until it reaches a constant weight. 2 sp. f-ly. 1 table
The invention relates to the field of technology of carbon-containing fuel, in particular to the composition for fuel briquettes (FB), which can be used as fuel in everyday life in fireplaces, car furnaces, boilers for municipal purposes, and also as ignition sticks. The main requirement for fuel briquettes is a fairly high level of thermal, technical and physical-technical characteristics. Thermal and technical characteristics include specific heat of combustion Q p n i.e. the amount of heat released during the combustion of 1 kg of fuel, however, the heat of combustion depends on the combustion rate, i.e. with faster combustion of fuel briquettes, which have a certain calorific value per unit time, significantly more energy is released needed for heating, thus, the combustion time of fuel briquettes is of no small importance when using them for various purposes. One of the important indicators of the operation of TB is their mechanical strength; if the strength is insufficient, destruction occurs, which leads to significant losses during loading and unloading operations, as well as environmental pollution due to dust. The composition of fuel briquettes based on milled peat is known in industry, which is an element dried and pressed in 2 stamp peat presses at a pressure of 80-120.0 MPa. There are peat briquettes made from milled peat 80-70% and lump peat 20-30 % A peat briquette is known, including peat and carbonaceous material, which is screenings of charcoal, petroleum coke or a mixture thereof in the following ratio of ingredients, wt. peat 50-90, screenings of charcoal, petroleum coke or their mixture 10-50% Peat briquettes are characterized by low mechanical strength, high crumbling, poor flammability and low heat of combustion (3500-3800 kcal/kg). There is a known method for producing fuel briquettes, including dosing, grinding, sieving, drying, mixing, pressing peat, brown coal and screening out coal, in which dosing, mixing, preparing and drying peat with brown coal are carried out together, and coal screening is crushed and dried separately , after which it is dosed and mixed with a lignite composition, and then the resulting mixture is pressed. This method is the closest analogue to the method for producing fuel briquettes. Fuel briquettes obtained by this method have insufficient strength. The objective of the invention is to increase the mechanical strength, flammability and heat of combustion of fuel briquettes, as well as the disposal of obsolete pyroxylin powders. The task is achieved by the fact that the composition for fuel briquettes, including peat and technological additives, as a technological additive contains nitrocellulose pyroxylin powder crushed to a size of no more than 3 mm and waste sludge from the production of dioctyl phthalate, in the form of a mechanical mixture of plasticizer-dioctyl phthalate, activated carbon and clay "Butron", containing dioctyl phthalate 36 10% and solid components 64 10 wt. with the following content of components, wt. Powder crumbs obsolete pyroxylin powders 10 25 Peat 40 50 Sludge 30.50 In the method of producing fuel briquettes, including grinding, sifting components, mixing them, pressing and drying, mixing the components is carried out in a paddle-type mixer for 30 minutes using ethyl acetate as a solvent, in amount 10-15 wt. in this case, pressing is carried out on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 10-15 MPa with a diameter of elements of 10-40 mm, and drying is carried out at a temperature of about 50 o C until the briquette reaches a constant weight. As powder crumbs, obsolete pyroxylin, spherical gunpowders of any brands ("VU", "VT", 5/7, 6/7, 12/7, 14/1 SF 033, etc.) can be used, which are pre-ground on conical mills to a particle size of no more than 3 mm. Pyroxylin powder has a caloric value of 900 cal/kg and burns in a short time, releasing a large amount of fuel. In this regard, the introduction of gunpowder into the composition improves the flammability and combustion of fuel briquettes (see table). Peat is a combustible mineral, sludge is a waste from the production of dioctyl phthalate, it is a mechanical mixture of plasticizer-dioctyl phthalate, activated carbon and Butron clay. The introduction of sludge into TB improves their mechanical strength (see table). Technological scheme for producing fuel briquettes. 1). Preparation of components: grinding gunpowder, dispersing peat on a sieve. 2). Mixing the components in a paddle mixer for 30 minutes using ethyl acetate as a solvent in an amount of 10-15% (over 100%). 3). Pressing on a hydraulic press, pressure 10-15 MPa, elements with a diameter of 10-40 mm. 4). Cutting to the required length (20 cm). 5). Drying at 50 o C to constant weight. The possibility of obtaining fuel briquettes of this composition is evident from the following examples. Example 1. Peat, previously crushed and sifted, powder crumbs and sludge were loaded into a paddle mixer in the amount of: 20 kg of powder crumbs, 50 kg of peat and 30 kg of sludge, mixed for 30 minutes. using ethyl acetate solvent in an amount of 10 kg. After mixing, the elements were pressed on a hydraulic press with a pressure of 10-11 MPa, and then dried at 50 o C to constant weight. Examples 2-8 were performed similarly to example 1, changing the ratio of components and pressing pressure. The composition and test results of the samples are given in the table. The use of this technical solution will make it possible to obtain a composition for fuel briquettes with a higher limit of mechanical strength, lower ash content during combustion, higher calorific value, and will also allow the use of outdated pyroxylin gunpowder.
Claim
1. Composition for fuel briquettes, including peat and technological additives, characterized in that, as a technological additive, the composition contains nitrocellulose pyroxylin powder and sludge, waste from the production of dioctyl phthalate, crushed to a size of no more than 3 mm, in the form of a mechanical mixture of the plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, activated carbon and clay "Butron", containing dioctyl phthalate 3610% and solid components 6410 wt. with the following content of components, wt. Powder crumbs obsolete pyroxylin powders 10 25 Peat 40 50
Sludge 30 50
2. A method for producing fuel briquettes, including grinding, sifting the components, mixing them, pressing and drying, characterized in that the components are mixed in a paddle-type mixer for 30 minutes using ethyl acetate as a solvent in an amount of 10-15 wt. in this case, pressing is carried out on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 10-15 MPa with a diameter of elements of 10-40 mm, and drying is carried out at a temperature of about 50 o C until the briquette reaches a constant weight.