Good afternoon, dear readers of the blog site
In the “Accessories” section we will consider a pressure switch that controls the operation of automatic pumping stations, as well as surface , or if they are used in conjunction with. By using pressure switch you can configure an autonomous water supply system, irrigation or fire extinguishing system for the required tasks.Available for sale pressure switch RM-5, RM-5G, RM-12 produced by an Italian companyItaltecnica.The main difference of the product RM-5 differs from RM-5G in that the latter uses a union nut with a connection size of 1/4″. The PM-5G relay is more convenient for installation.
The main characteristics of RM-5 and RM-12 are shown in Table 1.
| Characteristics | RM-5 | RM-12 |
| 1. Working pressure range (bar) | 1-5 | 3-12 |
| 2. Factory settings for switch-on and switch-off pressure (bar) | 1,4-2,8 | 5-7 |
| 3. Minimum pressure drop (bar) | 0,6 | 1,5 |
| 4. Temperature working environment to (°C) | 55 | 55 |
| 5. Maximum operating current (amps) | 16 (10) | 16 (10) |
| 6. Voltage (volts) | 250 | 250 |
| 7. Connection internal thread(inch) | 1/4 | 1/4 |
Table 1
Note: When using a pressure switch to control pumping equipment, the maximum switching current is 10 A.
Recently, the product PM-5G (25 A) with maximum switching current for controlling pumping equipment components 16 A.
Relay design
Structurally, the relay is assembled in a plastic case and closed with a lid. Figure 1 shows the main elements. To remove the top cover from the product, use a slotted screwdriver to unscrew plastic stopper at its end.
Pressure switch device
1. Housing – all elements of the pressure switch are located on it;
2. Connecting flange, used to connect the automation to the water supply system. The connecting flange size is 1/4″ internal thread. The flange contains the working chamber and membrane. The flange and diaphragm are attached to the relay body using four screws;
3. Nut for adjusting the pressure difference ΔР between the on and off pressure. The more we compress the spring (tighten the nut), the greater this difference will be;
4. Pressure adjustment nut for switching off the relay. When tightening the nut, the shut-off pressure will increase, and when loosening, it will decrease. The top cover is also attached to this rod using a plastic plug;
5, 6. Terminals for connecting electrical wires;
7. Terminals for connecting ground wires from the power supply and the engine;
8. Cable clamps are used to firmly fix the mains power cable and motor connection cable.
Electrical diagram for connecting a pressure switch
In Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the electrical connection of the relay RM-5, RM-5G, RM-12.
Connection diagram for pressure switch PM-5, PM-5G, PM-12.
The diagram for connecting a relay to an electrical network is very simple. Wires are connected to terminals 5, 6 (see Fig. 1). Moreover, it does not matter which pair of terminals is input (connection ~220 V) and which pair is output (connection to the engine). After connecting the wires, you need to make sure that they are in reliable contact with the relay terminals; if necessary, you need to tighten the contacts.
Relay operation, maintenance and adjustment
Pressure switch RM-5, RM-5G, RM-12 are very simple and reliable control devices autonomous system water supply Subject to operating conditions, they operate without interruptions and failures for a long time and reliably. However, given the quality of our water, voltage fluctuations or high humidity, malfunctions occur. Incorrect operation of the automation usually leads to pump failure.
Let's look at the most common cases.
Hard water. In hard water or in water with high content iron during operation, the passage to the working chamber gradually “overgrows,” or the chamber itself becomes overgrown. The diameter of the passage is small, 5–5.5 mm. There may come a time when the relay does not turn on or, on the contrary, does not turn off. To eliminate this defect, you need to clean the passage or the chamber itself by following these steps:
- Disconnect the product from the power supply.
- Relieve excess pressure by opening the water tap.
- If the automation is PM-5G, then with the help open-end wrench 17, unscrew the union nut and remove the relay. If the automation is RM-5, then it is necessary to remove the cover from the pressure switch, unscrew the fixing cap using a slotted screwdriver, disconnect the cables from terminals 5, 6 and grounding (Fig. 1), loosen the cable couplings, disconnect the cables from the product using a key at 17, unscrew and remove the relay.
- Use a match or other blunt object to clear the clogged passage. You need to clean it carefully for two reasons: the first is that water may splash out of the working chamber and the second reason is not to damage the rubber membrane. To clean the working chamber, you need to unscrew the four screws securing the flange to the relay body. Remove the flange and membrane (do not lose the special “penny” during disassembly - a round metal plate with two ears), rinse and clean the flange and membrane.
- Reassemble in reverse order. If the automation is RM-5, then before installation, it is necessary to seal the threads using fum tape or a special sealant.
High humidity. Very often the station or automation is located in a pit. Lack of proper ventilation leads to high humidity, and humidity leads to oxidation and burning of contacts in the pressure switch. In this case, the automation begins to work unstably, turns on with a delay, or turns on when you lightly tap on the body. If there is moisture on the surface of the product when you remove the cover, and there are marks on the metal parts white plaque, then there is a high probability that the contacts are burnt. To repair such defects, you must contact your nearest service center, or call a service technician to the installation site of the station or automation.
Unstable operation of the pressure switch is also caused by fluctuations in the voltage of the electrical network and the entry of air into the water supply system.
Pressure adjustment. To adjust the pressure, two adjusting nuts and springs are used (Figure 1). Using nut 4 and a large spring, you can adjust the shutdown pressure of the system. The more we compress the spring, the higher the pressure in the system the automation will turn off. One of the most common causes of non-stop pump operation is incorrect setting of the pressure switch. Before setting up the automation, you need to look at the operating parameters of the pump, namely, what maximum pressure it produces. For example: the pump produces a maximum pressure of 40 meters of water column or 4 bar (atmosphere). Theoretically, the maximum pressure setting of the relay can be 4 bar, but taking into account fluctuations in the mains voltage and the gradual wear of equipment, the maximum pressure for which we can set the automation is no more than 3.4–3.5 bar. Using nut 3 and a small spring, we adjust the difference ΔP between the pump on and off pressure. The more we compress the spring, the greater the difference between turning the pump on and off. The minimum difference between the pump on and off pressure is 0.6 bar for the PM-5 and 1.5 bar for the PM-12 relay - this is when the small spring is completely released. On the one hand, the difference between the switch-on and switch-off pressures must be adjusted as small as possible in order to reduce pressure drops. On the other hand, with a minimum range, the number of pump starts and stops increases, this problem is solved by increasing the volume of the hydraulic accumulator. For optimal performance pumping equipment and an autonomous plumbing system, it is necessary to choose the golden mean between the pressure to turn the pump on and off and the volume of the accumulator. Additionally, you can see how to configure and adjust the pressure switch. If you have any questions, please write in the comments.
Thank you for your attention.
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More details electrical diagram Connecting the pressure switch and everything connected with it has been reviewed by us.
So, as can be seen from the diagram, A three-wire power cable is connected to the pressure switch single-phase network (phase, zero and ground), and a similar cable already comes out of the relay to the pump that pumps water into the system. There are, of course, three-phase devices and a water pressure switch is used accordingly, but in everyday life a single-phase one is usually sufficient.
In the water supply of a private home, single-phase surface or submersible pumps are most often used, pumping water from a well or well. Electric power pumps vary greatly depending on the required performance of a particular device under specific operating conditions.
Usually, the power of such a household pump does not exceed 1.5-2 kW, accordingly, to connect it, a cable with a core cross-section of 1.5 sq. mm is required. and a 10 Amp line circuit breaker.
Connecting a pressure switch to the electrical network is usually accepted in one of two ways:, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses:
1. An electrical outlet for it is mounted near the installation site of the pressure switch, on the wall. The relay itself is connected to a cable with electrical plug at the end.
This is a universal, and often the most convenient, connection option. The main disadvantage of this method is the need extra costs on the socket device itself, as well as possible problems at the connection point, in the vicinity of the water supply system of the house.
2. The second option is the simplest and, accordingly, the most reliable. At the location where the pressure switch is installed, a power cable is pulled out of the wall, which connects the relay to the network. In this way, maximum connection reliability is achieved, because The pressure switch housing, as well as the cable entry into it, are usually sealed and they reliably protect the contact point from possible adverse influences.
The main disadvantages of this method include increased requirements for the accuracy of choosing the output location and cable length, as well as some possible complexity in subsequent maintenance. It is always easier to unplug the device from the outlet than to disassemble and disconnect the wires.
In our installation example, the second option was chosen - a cable coming out of the wall. The maintenance problem was solved by installing a separate circuit breaker for the pressure switch in the electrical panel of the boiler room.
Before connecting the power cable to the relay, be sure to ensure that there is no voltage at the installation location!
We proceed directly to connecting the pressure switch to the network, using the example of the Italtecnica TYPE PM/5G model.
First of all remove the protective plastic casing, to do this you need to use a straight screwdriver (slotted) to unscrew the fasteners, as shown in the image below
Then In the pressure switch, the supply cable and the cable going to the pump are laid through the cable entries.
This model uses standard sealed cable glands that are familiar to many. To fix the cable in them, you must first unscrew the plastic nut, then insert the cable first into it, and then through the input, into the relay and finally tighten the nut until it stops.
Then, having previously prepared - removing the protective insulation, connect the cable cores to the relay terminals pressure according to the following diagram.
Do not pay attention that one of the connected cables in the diagram ends with an electrical plug; in our case, instead of it, a power cable is connected that runs continuously to the electrical panel.
After connecting the wires and testing all the terminals, you should get something like this:
This completes the connection, all that remains is to carefully put the protective cover back on and secure it.
Now, by turning on the electricity supply, you can check the operation of the water pressure switch and adjust its operation.
As you can see, there is nothing difficult in installing a relay, especially if you clearly understand the principle of its operation.
If you still have any questions about connecting the pressure relay to the electrical network, for example, you have a more powerful pump or it is three-phase, or just a different relay model, or you don’t know how to connect and which cable and socket to use - be sure to leave them in comments on the article, I will try to answer everyone promptly.
Good day. Let's look at the diagram for connecting a mechanical pressure switch PM /5 to the network and the pump. Let's look at the diagram first.
When you unscrew the top cover, you will see the following. First, a large screw with a spring for . It is marked capital letter"P". Second, this is a small screw with a spring to adjust the difference in this parameter in the on and off mode. It is called "delta P". Next there are two terminals for connecting the electrical wire, called the word “motor”. Two – “line”. At the bottom there are two for grounding connections. This is what PM/5 looks like inside. The pressure switch is sold inexpensively in this Chinese store.
Connecting the pump to the network
How do we connect the pump to the pressure switch and the electrical network? Three wires come out of it different color. Blue is a zero worker or simply “zero”. Brown – “phase”. Yellow-green – zero protective or simply “Earth”.
Now let's see how they will “enter” the relay and how to “exit” it. We insert all three wires through a special hole in the housing. Let's connect. Brown and blue in terminals labeled “motor”. Yellow-green to ground. Then we connect the same wires to the power plug. Brown and blue, respectively, from the “line” terminals (network). Yellow-green from grounding. All is ready. The pressure switch PM/5 is connected to the pump and to the network.
Pressure switch PM/5-3W is made in Italy. Used to create automatic water supply systems both in the private sector and small industrial production. Has excellent performance characteristics and a number of innovations that make it possible to successfully use this device to control water pressure in the system.
Peculiarities
- Applicable for single-phase pumps.
- Long term services
- Durable plastic housing
- Availability of built-in pressure gauge
- The presence of three 1-inch leads allows you to connect a pump, a hydraulic accumulator and a water outlet line.
Specifications
- Mains voltage – 230 V, 50 Hz.
- Maximum power– 1500 W.
- The maximum switching current is 12A.
- Maximum operating pressure – 5 bar.
- The switching pressure control range is 1 - 2.5 bar.
- The shutdown pressure control range is 1.8 - 4.5 bar.
- Hydraulic connection – 1” female x 1” male x 1” male.
Connection diagram
This pressure switch is in great demand due to its high quality and successful design - the ability to connect three fittings and the presence of a pressure gauge. The maximum operating effect of the device is achieved with a hydraulic accumulator. Which allows you to avoid sudden changes in pressure.
We recommend using it to create automatic system water supply to your home or cottage.
How to buy a pressure switch PM/5-3W
You can buy a pressure switch by making a purchase directly on the online store website, or by calling the phone in the Contacts section. Our manager will contact you and arrange delivery or reserve the goods for pickup.
If you need a pressure switch in Moscow, delivery throughout the city and the nearest Moscow region is at your service. For buyers from other regions of Russia - delivery by any transport company or postal service as agreed.
Payment for goods is carried out in the following ways:
1.Payment in cash.
When picking up from the store, or when receiving the goods to the courier.
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When placing an order, select the payment method: "Bank transfer".
After confirming the order, our specialist will contact you and after agreeing on all organizational issues you will be sent an invoice by e-mail which you can pay in any bank or via an Internet client.
1.Pickup.
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PVZ m. Sokol: you can pick up your order the next day after ordering from 10 to 18 on weekdays. The order is stored at the point of issue for 3 working days.
Pickup cost:free when ordering over RUB 1,000. (for orders less than 1,000 rubles, the cost of pickup is 80 rubles.)
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The following items are delivered free of charge:
Kerosene heaters trademark"Sengoku"
Cost of delivery:
If your order weighs more than 20 kg, the manager will calculate and inform you of the additional delivery cost!
Delivery time:
Delivery is carried out on weekdays from 10:00 to 20:00.
Behind 30-90 minutes the courier calls you and agrees exact time arrival.
Exact delivery address (city, street, house number, apartment or office number, intercom code)
The contact person
Contact phone numbers
3. Delivery beyond the Moscow Ring Road and further within the Moscow region
Cost of delivery:
If the product card does not indicate WEIGHT, you can check it with the manager.
If your order weighs more than 20 kg, the manager will calculate and inform you of the additional delivery cost!
Delivery time:
Delivery is carried out within 1-3 working days from 10:00 to 20:00 without reference to half a day.
Behind 1-2 hours before delivery, the courier calls you and agrees on the exact time of arrival.
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We can send you goods from any of the companies listed below.
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The estimated cost of delivery of goods can be found on the websites of these companies or contact our specialist.
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If none of the above methods suits you, we will send the goods to your address in another way - as agreed with you.