Popular and in demand building material. It is actively used in the furniture industry, as well as in construction for wall and floor cladding. This is the reason why builders love this material so much. low cost and excellent properties. Chipboards are boards made from pressed wood chips, the big disadvantage of which is high moisture absorption. Moisture leads to deformation and further destruction of the chipboard. The solution to this problem will be chipboard processing. Let's take a closer look at how to treat chipboard from moisture.
Chipboard processing is carried out in three directions:
- chip handling
- processing of the front surface of chipboard
- chipboard processing - end protection
Chip handling
Such chipboard processing produced at the time of production. For this purpose, shavings for chipboard manufacturing impregnated with formaldehyde resins. Such resins tightly glue the chips together, preventing moisture from penetrating into the interior of the slab. For the same purposes, urea-melamine resins are used; they glue fibers more tightly and, accordingly, have higher water-repellent properties.
Liquid paraffin can also be produced from moisture at the production stage. By impregnating the chips with it, you can protect the slab from moisture penetration.
How to treat chipboard from moisture? One of the main and priority issues in the production of this material.
How to protect chipboard from moisture:
- lamination. During the lamination process, a melamine film is applied to the prepared and sanded chipboard surface under high temperature (200 degrees) and high pressure(25 MPa). Surface polymerization occurs. using lamination helps protect the material from moisture, sun rays, temperature changes and various damages.
- Laminating. The laminating process is similar to kelp, but is more gentle. in this case, it occurs at a lower temperature (up to 150 degrees) and lower pressure (up to 7 MPa). The film is applied under pressure to the chipboard surface treated with glue. Laminating is less resistant to moisture than lamination, and also suffers from various mechanical influences. The film may peel, swell and crack.
- Surface painting. with the help of paint one of the most available methods protecting it from moisture. Using this method, you can process chipboard yourself at home. It is enough to follow a number of simple rules:
- Before painting, it is necessary to clean the chipboard from dirt and dust, sand it
2. Then cover with a layer of heated drying oil
4.Now you can proceed to coloring. The paint is applied in several layers, waiting for each of them to dry completely.
- Pasting chipboard with polymer film or polymer plastic. This kind chipboard processing involves applying a protective layer in the form of a film or polymer to the surface of the material. For such purposes, polyvinyl chloride films are most often used. Before sticking it to the surface, you need to clean it thoroughly, because even the smallest particle of dust can ruin it. appearance material unevenness and roughness. Covering chipboard with film is not a durable method of protection. The film has low protective characteristics and suffers from temperature changes.
- Chipboard veneering. This method involves covering the chipboard surface with natural veneer. This method not particularly popular, since veneer is not resistant to mechanical damage. It will be difficult to maintain veneered chipboard.
Chipboard processing - end protection
Another vulnerable place for moisture penetration into chipboards is the ends. Therefore, special attention should be paid to their processing. How to cover chipboard?
Processing of chipboard on the sides is done using:
- PVA glue. The ends are thoroughly coated with glue, allowed to dry and then another layer is applied.
Silicone.
- Construction sealant
- Furniture varnish
- Liquid paraffin
Used for flooring can be done using heated wood glue mixed with sawdust. This is a simple and inexpensive old method.
We hope the information on how to treat chipboard against deformation and moisture will be useful to you.
Irina Zheleznyak, Staff correspondent for the online publication "AtmWood. Wood-Industrial Bulletin"
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Chipboard is an excellent construction material, but is not very attractive in comparison with wood, and is also particularly susceptible to the influence of factors external environment. Products made from chipboard receive certain protection during the manufacturing process. For this, all kinds of impregnations and additives are used. However, under intensive operating conditions, such factory measures are not enough, so it is recommended to further protect the material. About how to protect chipboard and also process it finishing materials, will be discussed below.
Surface treatment of plates
The front and inner parts of the slab have the most large areas, so if they are not protected, they are subject to greatest number moisture. At the same time as protection, you can decorate the material. Below are several such techniques.
Lamination
The lamination process involves finishing chipboard with paper-resin films. The lining is carried out at high temperature (150-200 degrees) and high pressure (25-30 MPa). The protective and decorative layer occurs due to the spreading of hot resin over the surface. The resin then polymerizes, forming a hard, uniform coating.
If complied with technological process, there is a reliable adhesion between the chipboard and the resin. During lamination, a certain surface texture is created - usually gloss or. Laminated surfaces resistant to mechanical stress, moisture, ultraviolet radiation and high temperatures.
Laminating
During lamination, the chipboard is covered with an adhesive layer, on which hard paper-resin unvarnished films are then placed. The difference between lamination and lamination is that when laminating, the decorative coating is glued to the slab in finished form. For example, embossing “under wood texture"is done in advance. Such films are called “finishing films”.
As in the case of lamination, when processing material using the laminating method, increased pressure and heat. However, the parameters in this case are more gentle: temperature - from 20 to 150 degrees, pressure - from 5 to 7 MPa.
The disadvantage of laminating is that the coating is unstable to mechanical stress and moisture. This surface is easily scratched and swollen. Lamination is used mainly in the manufacture of inexpensive furniture, as well as for the production of parts that are not subject to aggressive influences. environment(For example, back walls cabinet).
Paint coating
A non-laminated chipboard sheet can be coated with several layers of paint and varnish material. The sequence of work is presented below:
- remove dust and dirt from the sheet;
- coat the chipboard sheet with heated drying oil;
- coat the sheet again, but this time with cold drying oil (a thin crust should appear);
- apply the first layer of paint;
- After the first layer has dried, apply the second.
Finishing with paper-laminated polymers
Laminated plastic is a polymer in which there are niches for filler. Fabric, paper, veneer and other materials are used as filler. The basis for the manufacture of paper-laminated filler is paper. It acts as a reinforcing layer, and also gives the layered polymer ductility, strength and visual appeal.
Finishing begins with cutting chipboard sheets of the required size. Using compressed air and brushes, dirt and dust are removed from the sheets. If contaminants are not removed before painting, high-quality adhesion will not work.
Pasting facing material is carried out by direct pressing of a paper-laminated polymer, onto which glue and chipboard are previously applied. Pressing can be done hot (using adhesives based on urea or PVA) or cold (using contact adhesives PVA dispersion). In practice, cold pressing is not used very often, since the process requires large areas and the productivity is relatively low.
The finishing is completed by postforming. The task is to give the plastic bends and other irregular shapes. The process is carried out on special equipment at elevated temperatures.
Pasting with polymer films
The process of applying polymer films is similar to decorative cladding plastics. The difference lies in the materials used. In this case we're talking about about thermoplastic film applied by pressing to chipboard treated with an adhesive composition.
For chipboard finishing PVC films are used. Polystyrene and acrylic films are occasionally used.
Finishing with polymer films is carried out on the same technological equipment, on which finishing materials such as veneer or paper-laminated polymers are applied. The cladding process can be either hot or cold.
The advantage of cladding using the polymer method is the ability to process profile parts. However, the use of polymer films has limited potential, since the coating does not have high physical and mechanical properties and is also unstable to temperature influences.
Vacuum pressing
Vacuum (or, as it is otherwise called, membrane) pressing is a technological process during which furniture is covered with decorative film. The main advantage of the method is the ability to coat parts of complex shapes.
For example, using membrane pressing you can veneer furniture self made with all kinds of recesses, cutouts, miniature parts, etc. The part is placed in a vacuum press, where a heated polyvinyl chloride film fits tightly around it, repeating the surface relief.
Veneering
The correct name for the process is veneering. However, the term “veneering” is often used in everyday life. Natural veneer can be used to decorate both chipboard and furniture board. Veneered furniture is of higher quality than laminated furniture. However, maintaining the safety of veneered furniture is quite difficult, since veneer is not as durable as laminate.
Table top made of chipboard or MDF
To finish a sheet of chipboard or MDF you will need plastic (laminated paper, polycarbonate, polystyrene).
Work progress:
- We cut out the necessary parts from the chipboard and connect them with a stapler.
- The joints between the chipboard base parts must be identical. If this is not the case, smooth them out with sandpaper.
- We make facings for the ends.
- We cut the facing part using a grinder.
- We glue the finishing material and secure it with light blows of a rubber hammer.
- We install the end trim level with the bottom edge of the tabletop.
- At the same time, coat the base and apron with glue.
- When installing laminate flooring, we use separators. After installing the sheet, remove the dividers.
- Smooth the surface with a roller.
- Using a router, cut a hole under the sink.
- When the structure is assembled, we sand all the edges.
Protection of joints and edges
Any liquid always seeks and finds the lowest place on the surface. The joints are recesses and are therefore vulnerable to water penetration. There are a considerable number of joints in cabinet furniture, where the main structural material is chipboard.
Because of high humidity and frequent contact with liquids is especially vulnerable kitchen furniture. Sink, countertop, furniture next to kitchen stove– the most frequently moistened pieces of furniture in the house. An example is the part of the countertop that is in contact with the mixer. Sooner or later, the faucet leaks, which means that unprotected chipboard will inevitably begin to get wet and collapse.
To protect the joints, we first clean these places and dry them with a hairdryer. Then we apply PVA glue to the joints, and when it dries, we treat the protected surface with silicone or, alternatively, construction sealant.
If there is no tray in the cupboard, then sooner or later the liquid draining from the wet dishes will destroy the chipboard. Therefore, the material must be degreased and then treated with a sealant.
We seal the seams with sanitary silicone in the color of the furniture. This will prevent mold from growing on the furniture.
In those places on the edges of the tabletop where there is no lamination, we install end or connecting strips. These elements can be made of metal or plastic. The strips are not ideal protection, so the edges still need to be pre-treated with sealant. Another common method chipboard protection– applying PVA glue or furniture varnish to the edges.
Protection of joints on the floor
The main difficulty in protecting joints on the floor is that such slabs are subject to increased mechanical loads and constantly shift slightly under load. Because of this, the putty does not adhere well to the chipboard.
To ensure protection of joints on the floor, the seams are treated epoxy resin, mixed with sawdust. Moreover, the sawdust must be very fine - it must be sifted in advance.
Note! The epoxy-sawdust composition sets extremely quickly. Based on this, you should not mix too much putty at once.
A mixture of epoxy and sawdust will reliably protect the joints, but the cost of such a solution is quite high. You can replace epoxy resin with wood glue. IN hot glue you need to add sawdust, and then treat the seams with the resulting composition. If done correctly, the effect will be even better than when treated with epoxy resin, since the glue penetrates deeper.
After processing the seams, the chipboard joints will become more resistant to moisture and, just as importantly, they will stop “playing” with each other. If you decorate the chipboard with linoleum, you no longer have to worry about the safety of the slabs.
After processing the seams, it will take several days for the putty to dry. At this time, you cannot walk on the slabs so as not to disturb the joints.
Coating chipboard with protective and finishing materials in many cases requires certain experience and qualifications, and sometimes the presence of special equipment. If you are not sure about own strength, it is better to entrust the work to specialists.
Interior items often lose their appearance over time. What to do if they are still strong and you don’t want to throw them in the trash? There is a good solution - to paint the outdated model with your own hands. Work on updating the facade can be carried out at home. You can choose to cover it with paint or varnish, and also decorate the sample using scrap materials.
Decorating furniture with your own hands will significantly reduce the cost of restoring a piece of furniture.
Changing the facade yourself not only saves money, but also allows you to make it as intended.
An old wardrobe, chest of drawers or table in an updated form will last for many more decades.
Before choosing tools for working with objects made of chipboard, evaluate the type of restoration object and its original color. Decide whether you will simply refresh it or add new look. When choosing the second option, carefully consider how the other color suits the environment in the house.
Use a professional palette of tones and shades if you have difficulty choosing.
To decide how to paint chipboard furniture, you need to familiarize yourself with the offers of hardware stores. Don’t be lazy and go around a few - perhaps your choice will be cheaper and of better quality. Be sure to look at the release time of the coloring agent and its composition. It is necessary to calculate its consumption, taking into account that the coating involves applying more than one layer.
To do this, measure the area of the facade and multiply the amount of paint by 2, since you will need to do 2 layers for even coverage.
Do not buy compounds containing lead - inhaling their vapors is hazardous to health. Alkyd is more environmentally friendly and dries faster.
Alkyd paints are easier to thin to a uniform color.
The varnish must be purchased either transparent or tinted.
Give preference warm tones, if you plan to give the surface a natural wood color.
Selected chemical compositions check on a neutral section of the plate. After each application of the product you need to let it dry. Evaluate the resulting result and decide whether it is suitable for restoration.
Painting chipboard furniture in a different color can visually make it look expensive and stylish.
Purpose of the object and its color
Necessary means at hand
From paint and varnish materials choose alkyd ones - they are the most suitable for chipboard models. They lie flat, do not leave obvious gaps on the surface, smell less and dry quickly.
You can choose an aerosol type container so you don't have to use a tray, spray bottle, rollers or brushes.
You will need acrylic putty and an adhesion-based primer, which must be used to prepare the surfaces.
The putty and primer must be special for wood.
List of additional materials:
- Solvent to remove residues old paint and varnish;
- Detergent for degreasing chipboard;
- Rags or flannel napkins;
- Gloves;
- Construction tape;
- Sandpaper;
- Glue.
Necessary tools.
It is better to choose rubber gloves, otherwise the paint will saturate the fabric and remain on your hands.
If you use rags, you can remove prints with a solvent.
When buying brushes, focus not only on price, but also on quality. The restoration will become useless if hairs remain constantly on the surface. The roller should also be of high quality, with well-fixed foam rubber and a handle that does not wobble.
The hardware store has an assortment of any rollers and brushes for working with acrylic paints.
To carefully prepare the chipboard and paint it, equip it in advance workplace. For bedding, use old newspapers, construction film, or cardboard from a large box.
Do a better job closed loggia– there will be no drafts and bad smell will not leak into the apartment.
Required Tools
Preparation for the process must be thorough. To work you need the following tools:
- Putty knife;
- Knives – carpenter’s and stationery;
- Screwdrivers;
- Construction hair dryer;
- Brushes, foam rollers for canned paints;
- Scissors.
A hacksaw may be useful to trim the cracked ribs of the slab. They also need to be sanded with sandpaper.
Furniture painting and varnishing technology
Before processing the parts, you need to disassemble the structure and unscrew all the fittings. After this, remove the remnants of the original coating using a solvent and a spatula. Old layer may not be easy to come off. In this case, saturate the board with solvent and let it swell a little. Then use a spatula to remove any loose debris.
You can remove the old paint with a spatula, having treated the surface with a remover in advance.
Remove grease and dirt by applying detergent. Dry the stove. Then sand it with sandpaper to create a rough surface. Fill cracks and cavities with putty. Let it dry. Look to see if there are any other uneven spots. Prepare the primer and apply it to the slab. It plays a big role in painting.
When purchasing a primer, try to choose a shade that is as close as possible to the color you want your furniture to be.
Primer – main character in the renovation of furniture facades. You don’t need much of it to work, but it brings great benefits, leveling the surface and saving the consumption of paint and varnish. Makes the coating much stronger. It is better to use it in two layers so that the base is more reliable.
After priming, leave the workpiece to dry or speed up the process with a hair dryer.
Check the condition of paintwork materials: excessive thick formulations dilute with solvent. Apply paint evenly to the surface and smooth with a roller. Touch up the raised joints with a brush. Using an aerosol or spray bottle makes the task easier, but it leaves a lot of splashes on other surfaces. In this case, you need to protect the work site with impenetrable barriers. For this you can use large cardboard or stretch plastic film.
To dry the first layer, leave the slab for a day, sometimes it takes longer.
Then apply a second coat and let dry as well. Repeat the same with the varnish. If a design or ornament is intended to be applied, it must be done before varnishing. To apply the print, prepare a stencil. Carefully secure it while working using construction tape.
You can cut the stencil from an old file folder.
After the chipboard has completely dried, begin assembling the structure. Don't forget about the accessories. After completing the work, choose a place where you will place your updated object so that it looks most advantageous.
The restoration will be successful if you don’t rush, trying to get everything done by a certain deadline.
Chipboard is one of the most affordable building materials, so many are interested in the question: how to impregnate this material from moisture? And, if in summer there is a low probability of moisture getting on the floor, then in winter it forms in any case. In this article we will give good advice about how and with what to impregnate chipboard from moisture?
Oil varnish or drying oil
IN Soviet times the best way was, and now - special impregnating substances. Naturally, this does not mean that you cannot continue to use drying oil as protective agent from moisture. It is allowed to use it, but to achieve high level protection is almost impossible. Yes and necessary a large number of mixture, and the working procedure will have to be done several times.
Polyurethane mixture
One of the most popular means for treating chipboard is a polyurethane mixture, which is similar in composition to a primer. Impregnation is based on organic solvents and polymers, which, during processing, penetrate deep into the pores of the material. At the same time, the level of strength building material increases significantly.
Nitrocellulose varnish
There is another way to protect chipboard from moisture - nitrocellulose varnish. Its protective effect is similar polyurethane varnish: it forms a certain protective covering on the surface of the product, preventing the penetration of moisture, while resistance to damage is equivalent to the maximum value. A significant advantage of nitrocellulose varnish over its predecessor is the application of the substance without preliminary preparation workplace, but to achieve best results We strongly recommend priming the chipboard.
To significantly protect chipboard products, you need to use a combined protection method. It is best if it not only consists of an impregnation stage with deep penetration of the substance, but also includes the application of additional paints and varnishes.
By dealing with internal and external finishing premises we often use sheet materials, such as chipboard. This material allows you to easily obtain perfectly flat surfaces where necessary. Also, chipboard is one of the most common materials for making furniture; it is widely used in construction and has been used for several decades for a variety of tasks. Very often, when making or restoring furniture, the question arises: how to paint chipboard with your own hands?
A product made from chipboard, as a rule, is the result of a lot of work, and therefore it will be very disappointing if many days of work are ruined by unsightly painting. Such a seemingly simple task as repair or decorative painting of chipboard surfaces has its own characteristics and pitfalls, so adherence to painting technology, right choice tools and materials will allow you to perform this work at home beautifully and efficiently, and the coating will be durable and resistant to any damage.
Today the market offers a very wide selection of very different coloring materials and compositions, and the chance of making a mistake in the choice of paint and the technology for its application only increases. After studying this material, you will learn how to paint chipboard with your own hands, what paint to choose, and also get a number important advice directly through the dyeing process itself.
To paint chipboard yourself and avoid turning your house into a paint shop, prepare in advance necessary tools and materials.
What do you need to paint chipboard yourself?
Primer – you can use acrylic primer
Paint – alkyd or acrylic, aerosol or regular
Brushes and roller if you use regular paint rather than spray paint
Acrylic clear varnish– it will protect the painted wooden surface from damage, and also adds depth to the color and shine of the new coating
Respirator and gloves for protection while working
Solvent for degreasing the surface before painting (you can use white spirit, kerosene or special degreasing compounds)
Cloth napkins or just dry, clean cotton rags
Masking tape and paper or masking film
Sandpaper very fine grain
Spatula and putty, best car, you will need it if you plan to remove deep scratches or chips.
So, let’s move on directly to working with our product or structure made from chipboard materials.
Step-by-step instructions for painting chipboard
Step_1 Preparing the workplace. Before you start working, cover the floor and (preferably) walls of the room with covering film or newspapers.
Step_2 If you plan to paint furniture made of chipboard, then before starting work, remove all parts that cannot be painted: unscrew the handles and other fittings, remove the glass, remove the drawers. It is also preferable to paint doors and facade elements after removing them first - this will allow you to apply the paint as efficiently and evenly as possible, avoid unpainted areas at joints, etc.
Step_3 Removing old paint layers. If you are not painting a new product, but are carrying out repair painting of an old chipboard product, you must, if possible, get rid of the old paint and varnish coating. If the old coating is already peeling off a lot, and in some places has completely peeled off, it is better to remove it completely. To do this, you can use special removers of old paint, or construction hair dryer, or do it manually - using grinder or sandpaper. If the old lacquer coating holds up well, then you can simply sand it old surface so that it is level. Use fine-grain sandpaper for this.
Step_4 The next step is to clean the surfaces from dust and dirt. To do this, use warm water and a cotton rag; if it is very dirty, you can add detergent to the water, after which you need to wipe the surface dry with dry rags.
Step_5 Degrease the chipboard surface with a non-slip solvent, such as white spirit or acetone.
Step_6 ADDITIONAL STEP. Alignment. If there are deep cracks or chips on the surface, they must be filled with putty. The easiest way to do this is using automotive putty. Upon completion of puttying, sand the treated surfaces, then repeat step 4 - clean the surface with a damp cloth.
Step_7 Priming. Coat the chipboard with one or two layers of primer, this will allow for better adhesion of the paint to the surface and reduce paint consumption during further painting. It is best to use an aerosol acrylic primer. After priming, wait until the primer is completely dry.
Step_8 Finally we got to the most creative and interesting moment- COLORING!
What paint to paint chipboard at home?
Enamels and varnishes are used to paint chipboard. Varnishes are used to give the painted surface a deeper and beautiful color, and, most importantly, to protect the painted surface from damage and abrasion during operation. The range of paints today is quite wide: oil, alkyd, acrylic, epoxy. We recommend using for chipboard staining at home, acrylic paints, preferably aerosol ones, and that’s it whole line reasons:
1 Acrylic paints today are offered in a very wide range of colors and shades. There are hundreds of them, in addition there are acrylic paints with special effects: metallic, fluorescent, hammer, pearlescent, etc.
2 Easy to use, application does not require special skills, even a beginner can handle it.
3 Aerosol acrylic paints evenly cover the surface and create a perfectly even and smooth coating.
4 Non-toxic, dry when room temperature for 20 -25 minutes, which is very important.
5 They have good adhesion to almost any material, including chipboard.
6 Durable. If the dyeing technology is followed, they will remain on the surface for many years.
So we chose paint. A few words directly about the dyeing process:
If you are using aerosol paints, then first shake the can properly for 20-30 seconds so that the paint is well mixed. Apply paint from a distance of 20 - 25 cm using wide, even strokes. If possible, lay the chipboard surfaces horizontally, this will help avoid drips. If the surface is located vertically, paint with movements from top to bottom. Apply at least 2 layers of paint (preferably 3 layers), and you must wait until the previous layer has completely dried (20 - 30 minutes) before applying the next layer. Special attention when painting, pay attention to the joints, internal corners and other hard-to-reach elements.
Step_9 Varnishing. After your chipboard product is painted and the paint has dried, we recommend applying 1-2 layers of varnish. As we said above, this will give the surface a more beautiful deep color and protect it from damage and wear during use. If you used for coloring acrylic paint, then we recommend that you use acrylic varnish, glossy is best, but matte is also possible - depending on what kind of product you are painting and what you like best.
Painting chipboard, as when working with other materials, has its secrets. Below are recommendations that will definitely help you quickly cope with painting, save money and provide better results when painting chipboard at home:
a For painting chipboard in dark color Pre-coat the surface with at least two layers of primer.
b Before painting chipboard. treat the surface with deep penetration impregnation - this will make your product much more durable
d Remember to cover surfaces that do not require painting with masking tape and masking film. This will save you from making mistakes and will help keep the surface from getting paint onto areas that don't need coating or are already painted.
d If you paint regular paint, have brushes of different thicknesses in your arsenal.
A short nap roller will help achieve a smoother finish, while a long nap roller will help achieve texture.
g Play with the color palette to create unique style. Correctly similar colors will help to increase or, conversely, narrow the space where it is necessary.
h Majority modern colors and varnishes are non-toxic, however, thorough ventilation of the room and the use of a protective mask and respirator at home will not hurt.
Transforming furniture edges, floors, walls and other surfaces made of chipboard using painting is a great idea for both complete and partial changes in the interior of a house, cottage, or workspace. As you probably already understood, to paint the traffic police with your own hands, no colossal investments of effort and money are required - anyone can do such a transformation.
Experiment with colors, because it is quite possible that you will even discover the talent of a designer, capable of creating unique and inimitable items, analogues of which cannot be found anywhere else. Updated chipboard furniture after painting can become a reflection of your way of thinking and individual vision of the world. Good luck in creating your next masterpiece with your own hands!
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