There are two main ways to prepare hot water. First, the water is heated while moving through the heater and supplied to the water tap. Such a heater is called a flow-through heater.
The second method is to heat a large volume of water in a thermally insulated container, then gradually consume it. Such a heater is called a storage heater. The energy source is usually gas, electricity or heated coolant from the heating system.
Flow-through – high peak power
The flow heater must be relatively powerful in order to provide required flow rate hot water in the tap. For a shower head, a power of at least 10 kW is required, for filling a bath - from 15 kW, for two hot water taps - from 20 kW.
Heating water with an electric instantaneous heater is not cheap. In addition, you need a three-phase connection (over 6 kW) and a special permit for higher power.
It is optimal to provide several taps by installing a compact electric flow-through heater on each of them. At the same time, protection is installed against their simultaneous operation, so as not to overload the network.
A cheaper option is heating water using gas. Are used geyser, or the second circuit of the heating boiler. The power of such devices can be enough for two taps, and hot water it turns out cheaper.
Disadvantages of flow-through
With a flow-through circuit, the heater should be located as close to the tap as possible in order to drain less water until it gets hot. The recommended distance is no more than 5 meters. But in any case there will be excessive consumption of water and energy. A similar drawback is typical for a storage heater.
Another drawback flow circuit DHW (hot water supply) - inability to pick up some hot water. Each device has its own minimum power. Therefore, when water flow is low, it simply does not turn on.
This also results in waste of water and energy.
Pressure surges in the system cause discomfort because they change the outlet water temperature.
IN retail outlets in order to sell an unsuitable flow-through electric heater, they simply indicate that it produces so many liters of water at such a temperature, for example, +50 degrees, which at first glance is acceptable. But it is not indicated at what temperature the water is heated. Key Feature of such an apparatus is the heating temperature difference. After all, cold water is usually +6 - +10 degrees, and not +15 or +20.
Storage water heating system
The main advantage of electric storage tank with a power of 1.5-2.0 kW is that it can be installed everywhere, in any house and apartment where there is a 220 V power supply. Its volume is usually 25 - 150 liters (running volume 50 - 100 liters). The water in it is heated gradually to a predetermined temperature, and when withdrawn, a large flow rate is possible; the temperature decreases gradually.
It is cheaper to heat water with a gas storage heater with a low-power burner (up to 3 kW). The fact is that such a heater does not require a special chimney. But it can only be installed in agreement with Gorgaz, probably on a separate project. Provided with air from the room (with an exhaust system).
Disadvantages of savings
- Limited amount of water, which can create difficulties. For example, if one portion of the tank volume is consumed for bathing, then it takes a lot of time to prepare the next volume.
- The heater must be installed next to the water supply; if the bathroom and kitchen are separated, then a separate storage tank must be installed on each tap.
- Energy is wasted due to cooling of unused hot water in the heater.
- Excessive consumption of water when draining water from the tap, which has cooled in the pipeline.
Indirect heating boiler - stable hot water system
Boiler advantage indirect heating The point is that heating uses the energy of the heating system, which is abundant and usually not expensive. Therefore, there can be a lot of hot water, its temperature is stable, and water is cheaper.
An indirect heating boiler is storage capacity for 100 - 300 liters. Heating is carried out by a spiral pipeline through which the coolant heated to 80 - 90 degrees moves.
Heating systems are created in such a way that when the hot water supply cools below a threshold value, for example +50 degrees, the boiler switches to heating the boiler. At the same time, it produces an increased temperature and operates at full power, heating the hot water supply to the upper threshold value, for example, +60 degrees. After which it switches back to heating.
With buffer capacity – the largest energy reserve
In a buffer tank, the opposite is true - a large-volume container is used, about 1 ton or more filled with coolant, and the heated water moves in a spiral, i.e. direct-flow heating occurs. But when additional taps are opened, its temperature changes slightly, since the design has a large reserve in terms of the amount of transmitted energy.
The temperature of the hot water will be the same as that of the heating fluid. Sometimes this is not suitable, so the water supply scheme also includes mixing unit to reduce temperature...
Heating systems with solid fuel boilers are mainly supplied with a buffer tank.
Other features of heating water by heating
Single-circuit gas or liquid boilers are often equipped with a boiler.
Another feature of the system is the ability to create constant circulation of water through a ring water supply pipeline. Then, when you open the tap, you immediately get hot water. Cooling of water is not considered a loss of energy, because it is spent on heating the house.
There is still an opportunity to save - an additional heating coil is placed in the boiler and connected to the solar collector. The sun's energy is called free energy; in this case, the cost of solar collectors pays off. This makes it possible to heat water in the summer; if there is not enough energy, the boiler is connected.
Layered heating boiler
The main disadvantages of a conventional direct-flow heating system with a gas heater (second circuit of the boiler) or electric are solved by installing a layer-by-layer heating boiler. One or more per tap. It is a heat-insulated container into which hot water is supplied from above. Its fence is also carried out from the same level.
Such a boiler makes it possible to simultaneously obtain a lot of hot water at a stable temperature. With it you can pick up “a little water” and also ensure the least amount of cold drainage. A conventional heating boiler can also be used as such an intermediate storage tank.
Error - incorrect connection of the DHW boiler
One of the common mistakes when creating a hot water supply system in a house is connecting an indirect heating boiler to the second circuit of a double-circuit boiler. This circuit itself is designed for preparing hot water, so it has a maximum temperature limit of +60 degrees to prevent thermal burns.
Now the most comfortable and economical solution to create a hot water supply system is to install an indirect heating boiler, where this can be done. The rest of the hot water supply schemes can be considered forced decisions, which are dictated by circumstances, for example, savings when creating...
On weekends, many residents of our homeland strive to quickly go to their dacha from their cities to breathe fresh air, enjoy nature and take a break from the bustle of the city. And if you have a swimming pool, then the question arises: How to heat a pool in the country?
Swimming in cold water is not fun. And if children also swim with you, they can easily get sick.
Let us remind you that comfortable temperature water in the pool for an adult - from 25 degrees Celsius, and for children - from +29 degrees.
Today we’ll look at what methods we can use to heat a pool at our dacha. Moreover, we will consider both the devices offered by manufacturers and traditional methods.
Methods for heating pool water
Electric heater
It's quite simple and popular way to increase the temperature in small pools, although the electric heater also has its drawbacks. The principle of operation is that water passes through a tubular electric heater (TEH) and receives heat from a dielectric heated by electricity.
It won't be difficult to install either. The photo above shows that a mini-pump is connected to one hole in the pool, then the water goes through the tube into the heating element and comes back already warm. The water heating temperature is regulated by the pressure entering the tubular electric heater - the greater the pressure, the less heating. And vice versa.
Advantages of using heating elements:
- Cheapness of the electric heater itself;
- Ease of use;
- The best option for small volumes.
Disadvantages of using heating elements:
- Not suitable for large pools (from 30 m3);
- Expensive to use - high power consumption.
Another option is to heat the water in the pool. Heat exchangers are used if you have a second source of hot water - for example, heating in the house. The purpose of the device is to exchange water from different sources with heat. Hence the name.
The operating principle is extremely simple. There is a spiral in the heat exchanger housing. There is a space around that should be filled with water from the pool. Boiling water passes through the spiral and, thanks to the large interaction area, quickly heats the water from the pool.
Most often, heat exchangers are installed in the same way as electric heaters - in the circuit between the pump and the pool. In some cases, it is advisable to use two heat exchangers simultaneously.
Advantages of using a heat exchanger:
- Independence from power sources;
- Large volumes can be heated.
Disadvantages of using a heat exchanger:
- There is not always a second source of hot water available.
To heat a pool in the summer, when the main heating is turned off, using a heat exchanger is very problematic. You will have to configure and select the boiler so that it works exclusively on the heat exchanger.
If a water pump pumps out water, a heat pump pumps out heat. Everything is logical.
Heat pumps come in various designs and take heat from several sources: air, soil, water. To make it clearer, we will show the principle of operation using the example of a heat pump device that takes heat from hot air.
On this moment Such devices are not very popular due to their high price. The cheapest models start from 120 thousand rubles. We will not focus on them, but will simply list the pros and cons.
Pros of heat pumps:
- Versatility;
- Capable of heating large volumes;
- Low power consumption.
Disadvantages of heat pumps:
- High price (from 120 thousand);
- Only works in warm weather.
A very interesting device to heat the water in the pool. Water is heated by solar heat. Water is filled into the collector tubes by a pump, and when it warms up to required temperature, it is released back into the common tank. And again the solar collector takes another portion for heating.
In stores, collectors offer the most different sizes. You need to choose a specific model based on the volume of your pool.
Advantages of solar collectors:
- Affordable price;
- Easy to use and install;
- The volume is limited only by your budget.
Disadvantages of solar collectors:
- Effective only in sunny weather.
Budget options
Let's look at the options that can be used, as they say, at worst. This is far from the most practical ways, but they are very cheap and available to everyone.
Boiler or kettle
If you have a very small pool for children, then you can heat the water to the desired temperature in a simple, proven way. Just heat up the water in several pots and a kettle. The solution to the problem is not surprising, and it has its advantages.
- For free;
- Available.
- Only for miniscule volumes;
- A frustrating process.
Snail
The snail is a mini-solar collector. They have a similar operating principle. The water is taken into the pipes, heated by the sun and returned to the pool. Its design is so simple that homemade snails are not such a rare occurrence.
Since this is a brother of the solar collector, the pros and cons are similar. But the snail is smaller in size, so it wins in price, but loses in efficiency.
Pros of using snail:
- Very affordable price;
- Does not require installation;
- Easy to use.
Disadvantages of using a snail:
- Effective only in sunny weather.
A thermal blanket can also help you heat up the water in your pool. It is also called “Special Pool Covering”. You simply stretch a special fabric over the pool, and now the heat from the sun is not reflected from the water, but is retained by the coating. Thus, in a few hours the water can warm up by 3-4 degrees.
It should be noted that in the case of a special coating, only upper layer water. To ensure that the water heats evenly, turn on the pump, which will mix the upper and lower layers.
Usually they buy a thermal blanket for a swimming pool of a special shape for a specific model. If you have a custom-made pool, then you can cut out the film yourself or order it.
Pros of using a thermal blanket:
- Affordable price of the canvas itself;
- Free operation;
- Protects against insects, leaves and other dirt.
Disadvantages of using a thermal blanket:
- Rarely is it the only way to heat water.
Pool heating with wood
If you are relaxing in the country, then getting dry firewood should not be a problem for you. Therefore, this method is more relevant in dachas than anywhere else. Therefore, you should take a closer look at such devices.
The operating principle is similar to that of a heat pump. The device takes a portion of water into its pipes. In them, it is heated by fire, and having reached the desired temperature, it returns to the pool. The cycle is then repeated again and again until the water in the pool reaches a comfortable level.
Advantages of heating a pool with wood:
- Affordable device price
- Economical operation
- Available if you have firewood
Disadvantages of heating a pool with wood:
- Not available if there is no firewood
Thematic videos
And at the end there are two thematic videos from inventive people. We are sure you will find it useful. Let's see!
The question of how to heat the water in the pool must be decided at the stage of its construction. It is then that it is necessary to insulate the bottom and walls. And although most of the heat “leaves” with the evaporation of water and radiation from the surface into the colder atmosphere, without these measures it is impossible to achieve an effective and inexpensive (relatively) increase in temperature. Anyone who has an inflatable or frame pool, standing on a sand bed or on a lawn, while cleaning the pool, probably noticed: the ground underneath is simply icy. This is where the heat goes. So thermal insulation of the bottom and walls is not at all an excess. Therefore, pay more attention to this issue.
In general, in any store that sells swimming pools and equipment, there will also be devices for heating water. These are heat exchangers connected to a source of warm water (into the DHW circuit of a heating system or boiler), heat pumps, electric heaters (storage and flow-through), solar systems.
This is a metal cylinder through which hot water flows. It is connected to a hot water source. Often this is the hot water heating circuit of the boiler or instantaneous water heater. There may be other sources. Who will adapt how?
Here the question immediately arises: why do we need the heat exchanger itself? After all, you can directly take water from the pool, supply it to the heater and discharge the heated water. In principle, such a scheme is possible, but the problem is that the water in the pool contains many different impurities: from chlorine and chemicals to various tiny suspended particles. So with this scheme the heat exchanger will quickly clog.
Another point is that in a reservoir there is no outdoors contains enough a large number of oxygen, due to which the heat exchanger in the boiler or flow heater. That is why a small volume of coolant is circulated through a loop with a special heat exchanger for the pool.
One type of heat exchanger is a coil. You can make it yourself, and also connect it to the system with your own hands. For those who did heating in the house, this is not a problem. But coils are effective only on small volumes. They will warm up a small pool for children in a short period of time, but they won’t be able to handle a dozen cubes.
Electric heaters
Electric pool heaters are ordinary water heating elements with high-power thermostats. They are of a storage type - this is when water is pumped into a tank of sufficiently large volume where they are installed heating elements, and from there it is removed, but at a much higher temperature.
Electric pool heaters are also of the flow-through type. It is built into the pool water treatment system after the filter. Purified water is supplied to it, and then, after heating, it enters the pool through nozzles.
Electric pool heaters can operate on a 220 V or 380 V network. This largely depends on the power. It is calculated as follows: for outdoor swimming pools for one cube they take 0.5-1 kW, for closed ones - 0.3-0.5 kW.
Since the volumes of water are large, heating costs are also more than significant. You need to heat tons of water, which requires high power and, accordingly, high energy costs. Plus, not every site has the opportunity to additionally turn on 3-18 kW of electrical equipment. And this is in addition to everything that works in the house, as well as the equipment that is necessary to maintain the pool, although it (not counting the electric water heater) “draws” a little.
Heat pumps for heating water
Heat pumps take heat from external heat sources, convert it and transfer it to the heated environment. To increase the temperature of the water in the pool, air-to-water devices are often used. In this case, energy is taken from the air and transferred to water.
Externally, the device resembles an air conditioner. Most of these devices are so automated that once you connect it, set the mode and desired temperatures, you don’t touch it again. Control is possible from a remote control or a panel on the case.
Heat pumps operate from a 220 V network and consume 1-2 kW depending on the power generated. But in this case the energy is not used to heat water, but not to pump heat from one medium to another - it is needed to operate the motor and compressors. By spending only 1-2 kW, you can get 5-12 kW - depending on the type of system.
Like most automated and technologically complex devices, heat pumps cost a lot. About 130-180 thousand rubles.
Solar systems
To heat the water in the pool, it is not always enough just sunlight falling on the surface. But you can use solar heat from other surfaces. For this purpose, solar systems—collectors and vacuum tubes—have long been used. Tubular heaters are more efficient, but collectors of sufficient area can provide the required temperature. True, large areas are needed, but a lot of water is heated.
For indoor pools, the size of solar collectors should be about 60-70% of the surface of the pool’s water surface, for open ones - 80-100%. Then the water will be warm. But only on a sunny day. This is one of the main disadvantages of solar systems. The second is the considerable cost of the devices. Smaller than heat pumps, but still sufficient, especially considering that larger devices are needed.
But solar collectors are not difficult to make with your own hands: the materials are available, the technology is simple, there are plenty of examples. One of them is presented in the video. But the area will be too small for this pool. In order for the heating to be significant, several of these are needed. Anyone can make such a water heater with their own hands. With no exceptions.
There is an inexpensive surface solar heating maker for the swimming pool "Intex". This is a two-layer black PVC film, welded so that it forms a labyrinth for water. This mat, which floats on the surface of the pool, is supplied with water by a pump. Walking through the labyrinth, it heats up due to the fact that the black surface absorbs heat well. It turns out she already has much more high temperature. For greater efficiency, water is taken from the bottom of the pool, where the water is colder.
This water heater can be used in swimming pools that are located in open, sunny areas. Suitable for pools with a volume of no more than 30 m3; the temperature can be increased by 3-5° depending on the weather.
Do-it-yourself heating of pool water
A swimming pool, even if it is not very large, is not a cheap pleasure. But without heating the water, it is far from always comfortable. Not everyone has the means or desire to buy equally expensive devices to raise the water temperature. So homemade craftsmen come up with different pool heaters that don’t require a lot of money.
The most accessible fuel we have is firewood. And it would be strange if there were no means of heating the pool with wood. We have not seen any industrial analogues, except perhaps adapting a wood-burning stove with a water jacket for this purpose. A homemade units occurs a lot.
The basis of all water heating devices in wood-fired pools is a coil The main idea is that a metal coil is located inside the firebox, and water from the pool is supplied to the inlet using a pump. Passing through a coil heated by a flame, it heats up and is discharged back through a second hose or pipe.
The main task is to select the water supply speed so that it does not boil in the pipe under any conditions. Therefore, it is advisable to take a pump that is powerful enough. You can use a standard pool pump or circulation pump.
There are several such devices in the photo. In one, the coil is hidden in a tank in which the fire is built. Smoke is discharged through a hole in the lid. The system will be more efficient if you make a chimney. You can use the heat even more fully if you make a water jacket. It can be on the body, it can be on the chimney, or it can be both here and there.
In another option, a square container is welded for a small inflatable pool. The principle is the same. The implementation is a little different.
There is an even simpler option: a coil, inside of which a fire is built. This device can even be used while hiking. Only somehow it will be necessary to solve the problem of discharging hot water. Perhaps use heat-resistant hoses or a piece metal-plastic pipe for heating.
It’s very convenient when hiking or traveling - you are always provided with warm water There is an example of making an electric pool heater with your own hands. A heating element for a boiler was used, invented original design securing it in the body of an old car foot pump. See the video for details.
Very simple and interesting way make solar heating of pool water more efficient. It requires a minimum of money and a little time. You will need plastic hula hoops, thick black film, a soldering iron, and a knife.
The idea is not new: a black film floating on the surface of the water heats up and transfers heat to the water. Heating is more efficient since dark objects absorb more solar energy.
The work consists of the following: lay the film evenly on the hula hoop, and use a soldering iron to fuse the plastic and the film pointwise. It is advisable not to burn the hoop, as it should float and not sink. Melt in a circle, with a distance of 10-15 cm. The film should hold quite tightly. You need to make several holes in the middle - you don’t want air to get in. Therefore, you need to turn the hoops with the side into the water on which the film is stretched.
These circles are laid out on the surface. How large area they occupy, the faster they warm up the water. They are easy to lay out - scattered on the surface. Collect them too - they drove them to one side and stacked them at the side.
Heat preservation
It’s clear how to heat water in a pool. There are both factory and homemade heaters. But it is no less important to preserve it. Most of the heat leaves the water at night. The main task is to reduce losses. They do this by installing a canopy over the pool. It can be stationary, sliding, folding, etc.
If a canopy, for some reason, is not an option, you can reduce losses with the help of a blanket. There are films floating on the surface. They have many air bubbles and an opaque surface. The film is spread on the surface in the evening and removed after the water has reached a comfortable temperature.
In addition to floating films, there are awnings that are placed on top of the structure. But they are quite inconvenient - even if the pool is three meters wide, pulling or rolling up the awning alone is quite problematic. But there are not always helpers. However, you can also use awnings - they are quite effective. Moreover, they can be easily replaced by, say, a piece of tarpaulin, thick (preferably opaque) film, etc.
For a rectangular pool, to make it easier to straighten and assemble the awning, light slats can be attached along one of the sides (short) at a distance of 1-1.5 meters. Then holding on to the slats makes it easier to lay out and assemble the blanket.
In this article we will touch on the problem of heating water. It happens that the task arises to heat water. This task most often arises in hotels, recreation centers, i.e. where it is necessary to provide a large number of people with hot water.
How can you heat water?
There are many ways to prepare hot water:
Using a heat pump
By using gas boiler
Using a diesel boiler
Using a solid fuel boiler
Using an electric boiler or tenami
Using solar collector or panels
And so on, we won’t list everything, otherwise the article will turn out to be too long. We have listed the main methods. Everything seems simple: you have network gas, and you need to heat several indirect heating boilers. To do this, it is enough to connect the gas boiler and boilers with a pipeline. They called a plumber, bought pipes and fittings, the plumber put everything together - and voila!... the boilers do not even have time to heat up to 50°C.
What is the reason?
The thing is that your boiler is simply not suitable for heating such an amount of water. And most likely, you simply did not calculate the power sufficient to heat the water.
How to calculate the required power for heating water?
This is not a very difficult task, and you can calculate the power required to heat water yourself. Arm yourself with a calculator, paper and pen. To heat one liter of water by one degree Celsius you need thermal power 1.16 W.
For example, you have a water container with a volume of 500 liters, and you need to heat the water in it from 20°C to 80°C. We believe that 80°C – 20°C = 60°C is our delta. 500 l. * 60°C * 1.16 W = 34,800 W/hour or 34.8 kW/hour. This is the required power to heat 500 liters, from 20 °C to 80 °C in one hour.
And if you have a gas boiler installed with a capacity of 25 kW/hour, then naturally it will not be able to heat 500 liters. water up to 80°C in one hour. Therefore, if the initial power is insufficient, these powers are compensated only by heating time. What entails an increase in boiler volume. In addition, you need to understand that heat losses still occur in the system. Therefore, the figures given are approximate.
It is worth noting that hot water consumption is directly related to the number of people who use it. According to SNiP for hotels, with a shower in each room, water consumption per person will be equal to 140 liters per day. According to our data, the actual consumption of hot water in hotels is 50 liters per day, per person.
Heating of water with a solar collector.
Let's calculate how to heat water correctly with the sun. Let's imagine that there is a hotel in which the water needs to be heated using solar energy. This hotel has 40 triple rooms and 20 double rooms. We want to organize heating of hot water using solar energy.
We calculate the maximum occupancy of the hotel: (40*3) + (20*2) = 160 people will live in this hotel. They will need 160 people. * 50 liters = 8,000 liters of hot water per day. In hotels, as a rule, there are two peaks of water withdrawal: in the morning (from 8.00 to 10.00) and in the evening (from 17.00 to 20.00). This means that we need to provide at least 3,000 liters of hot water for the morning water draw, and at least 5,000 liters of water for the evening water draw, since the evening water draw is usually larger.
It is worth noting that by the term “hot water” we mean water with a temperature of 60°C. To avoid installing storage boilers with a volume of 5,000 liters, you can heat water up to 80°C. This will reduce the capacity volume to 3,500 liters.
We calculate the required power: 6,500 liters * 60 °C * 1.16 W, we get 452.4 kW/hour we need to spend to heat this amount of water.
How many solar collectors are needed?
Now we are counting how many solar collectors we will need. The roof of our hotel faces south, so we believe that solar vacuum collectors will operate at full capacity.
Power of one vacuum tube with 24mm. capacitor is conventionally equal to 65 W/hour. Solar collectors will operate 10 hours a day, from 9.00 to 19.00 ( perfect option). Under such conditions, one tube will produce 650 W/hour in one day. Divide 452.4 kW/hour by 0.65 kW/hour (650 W/hour) and we get 696 tubes. These are 23 solar collectors of 30 tubes each, or 35 collectors of 20 tubes each.
And how many collectors with 14 mm are needed? capacitor? One tube of such a collector produces at its peak about 50 W/hour or 500 W/hour in ten hours. Divide 452.4 kW/hour by 0.5 kW/hour (500 W/hour) and we get 905 tubes. These are 30 solar collectors of 30 tubes each or 45 solar collectors of 20 tubes each.
We carried out all these calculations in ideal conditions, in excellent sunny weather, do not take into account the water consumption during heating, if you need more accurate calculations, contact us. We will calculate, supply equipment and install you an excellent and, most importantly, working solar system.
How to heat water in a swimming pool is a question that arises among many owners who have created an artificial pond on their property. When setting up this issue, this issue is usually overlooked, and it arises only after the first attempts at operation. For comfortable swimming, the water temperature should be at least 22°C, for children younger age even higher - 28-30°C. Sunlight warms water rather slowly, especially in spring, and in some regions in early summer. Water, having warmed up during the day, gives up its temperature at night environment. The calories spent on heating fly into the atmosphere. Therefore, along with the pool heating device, it is advisable to take care of the thermal insulation of the structure.
Different ways to heat water
When installing a water heating system, the amount of heat required will depend on the volume of the pool. Heat is not free these days. Any attempt to heat water in a swimming pool at the dacha will require certain material costs for fuel or electricity.
All known and used methods can be divided into two groups:
- temporary devices;
- stationary structures.
Temporary devices include various designs and methods made from off-the-shelf materials for one-time or intermittent pool heating. At the end of the swimming season they are usually dismantled.
An example is heating a swimming pool using a regular metal wheelbarrow. Firewood is loaded into it, lit, and the wheelbarrow is lowered into the pool. If the depth of the pool is greater than the height of the wheelbarrow, you can give it the necessary buoyancy using floats made of plastic bottles. In this way you can heat a small pool.
Stationary structures include:
- Heat pump;
- water heat exchangers;
- solar panels;
- storage or flow electric heaters.
Such devices are installed in the water circulation system and are used for their intended purpose throughout the entire period of operation.
It is quite difficult to make a heat pump with your own hands. An industrial product is very expensive. High-quality installation and adjustment work can only be performed by specialists. For these reasons, a heat pump is used quite rarely, mainly for recreation areas of VIP-class cottages.
Installation of heat exchangers
The heat exchanger is a sealed container with a system of thin-walled copper or stainless steel tubes. Hot water from the heating system circulates inside the tubes, while cold water from the swimming pool circulation system circulates outside. Heating of the water in the pool occurs due to heat transfer. Some models of heat exchangers are equipped with an automatic system that regulates the heating temperature. The system consists of an additional pump, control valve and thermostat. The thermostat opens and closes the valve at the set temperature. During operation, the owner needs to set the temperature control knob to the desired value.
The power of various models of heat exchangers ranges from 10 to 200 kW. You need to choose a model with the required power based on the volume of water for the pool.
When putting the system into operation, it is advisable not to use the maximum parameters. Heating should occur gradually over a certain period of time. A sharp temperature change can affect both the performance of the heat exchanger and the pool. Especially if the interior surface is finished with tiles. Once the required temperature has been established in the pool, the heat exchanger will switch to the mode of maintaining the required parameters, and the heat consumption will sharply decrease. It is optimal to connect the device in the water circulation system between the pump and the water purification system so that reagents and filter material do not get into the containers.
The main problem when installing heat exchangers is the frequency of operation of the heating system. With the start of swimming season heating season usually ends. This drawback can be eliminated by installing separate system circulation of heating water. In the cold season, the heat exchanger must be disconnected from the heating system, and in the warm season, the heating must be turned off and the heat exchanger started. For more rational use heat during the construction of a swimming pool, it is advisable to arrange bottom heating using the “warm floor” type.
You can also use a combined design with heating elements built into the heat exchanger. For the initial heating of the pool, you can use all systems; electric heaters can be used to maintain the temperature. In the absence of heat exchangers with combined heating, you can install a separate electric water heater for a flow-type pool before or after the heat exchanger.
Devices of various designs are available for sale, with horizontal or vertical installation, case made of titanium, stainless steel. You can install all devices of this type for heating a pool yourself without any problems.
Solar panels for the pool
Heating pool water in areas with a large number of sunny days can be done using solar collectors. These systems have been known for quite some time, but practical use received in last years due to the widespread rise in prices of energy resources. The use of such systems is especially relevant for dachas with limited power consumption and heating system low power. (Fig.1)
The solar collector functions quite simply. The device is a system of tubes, connecting manifolds and screens. The entire structure is painted black matte colour. Metal underneath sun rays warms up and transfers heat to the water circulating through the tubes. Operating experience has shown that water can heat up to a temperature of 140°C. Such a heater can provide not only heating for the pool, but also hot water supply in the house. For optimal performance, industrial products are equipped with an automation system. When heated to a certain temperature, the circulation pump turns on, pumping water into the storage tank. When installing a storage tank above the solar collector, the system can work independently, due to the different densities of hot and cold water. To arrange a swimming pool heated by a solar collector, you need to create an additional water circulation system from a storage tank.
The performance of industrial modules allows heating systems with water up to 30 m 3 . This volume is quite enough to provide heating in a small pool with your own hands and provide the cottage with hot water supply. At larger volume pool, you need to increase the number of blocks.
Various automation systems allow water to be redirected through different pipelines. This scheme optimizes the hot water supply system and heating for the pool.
The disadvantage of using solar collectors is that productivity decreases on cloudy and rainy days.
Flow-through electric heaters
The most in a simple way heating the water in the pool seems to be using running water electric water heaters. (Fig. 2) Everything seems to be quite easy - install the heater in the circulation system, start the pump, plug it in, press the button if available. Moreover, the heaters are designed to work with a continuous flow of water and have small sizes, convenient connecting fittings. The body is made of materials of high strength and reliability, heating elements have a shell made of of stainless steel. An example is the Intex brand heaters.
Despite all of the above, flow-through heaters have obvious advantages:
- more high speed heating;
- Temperature regulator;
- water pressure control (protection function);
- ease of installation.
Therefore, before installing a flow-through heater, it is advisable to carefully weigh all factors and think about alternative way heating pool.
In addition to the methods described, there are various possibilities to arrange heating in the pool yourself.
When creating your own device and method, you need to remember about the safety of the work, own safety and your loved ones.
Even using devices industrial production in emergency situations can lead to defeat electric shock and accidents of varying severity.