Induction heaters work on the principle of “derived current from magnetism”. A high-power alternating magnetic field is generated in a special coil, which generates eddy electric currents in a closed conductor.
The closed conductor in induction cookers is a metal pan, which is heated by eddy electric currents. In general, the operating principle of such devices is not complicated, and if you have a little knowledge of physics and electrical engineering, assembling an induction heater with your own hands will not be difficult.
The following devices can be made independently:
- Devices for heating in a heating boiler.
- Mini ovens for melting metals.
- Plates for cooking food.
A do-it-yourself induction cooker must be manufactured in compliance with all standards and regulations for the operation of these devices. If electromagnetic radiation dangerous to humans is emitted outside the housing in lateral directions, then the use of such a device is strictly prohibited.
In addition, the great difficulty in designing a stove lies in the selection of material for the base of the hob, which must meet the following requirements:
- Ideally conduct electromagnetic radiation.
- Not a conductive material.
- Withstand high temperature load.
In household cookers induction surfaces Expensive ceramics are used when made at home induction cooker, finding a worthy alternative to such material is quite difficult. Therefore, first you should design something simpler, for example, an induction furnace for hardening metals.
Manufacturing instructions
Blueprints
Figure 1. Electrical circuit of an induction heater 
Figure 2. Device. 
Figure 3. Schematic of a simple induction heater To make a furnace you will need following materials and tools:
- solder;
- textolite board.
- mini drill.
- radioelements.
- thermal paste.
- chemical reagents for etching the board.
Additional materials and their features:
- For making a coil, which will emit the alternating magnetic field necessary for heating, it is necessary to prepare a segment copper tube with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 800 mm.
- Powerful power transistors are the most expensive part of a homemade induction installation. To install the frequency generator circuit, you need to prepare 2 such elements. Transistors of the following brands are suitable for these purposes: IRFP-150; IRFP-260; IRFP-460. When manufacturing the circuit, 2 identical of the listed field-effect transistors are used.
- For the manufacture of an oscillatory circuit you will need ceramic capacitors with a capacity of 0.1 mF and an operating voltage of 1600 V. In order for high-power alternating current to form in the coil, 7 such capacitors will be required.
- When operating such an induction device, field-effect transistors will get very hot and if aluminum alloy radiators are not connected to them, then after just a few seconds of operation maximum power, these elements will fail. Transistors should be placed on heat sinks through a thin layer of thermal paste, otherwise the effectiveness of such cooling will be minimal.
- Diodes, which are used in an induction heater, must be ultra-fast acting. The most suitable diodes for this circuit are: MUR-460; UF-4007; HER – 307.
- Resistors used in circuit 3: 10 kOhm power 0.25 W – 2 pcs. and 440 Ohm power - 2 W. Zener diodes: 2 pcs. with an operating voltage of 15 V. The power of the zener diodes must be at least 2 W. A choke for connecting to the power terminals of the coil is used with induction.
- To power the entire device you will need a power supply with a power of up to 500 W. and voltage 12 - 40 V. You can power this device from a car battery, but you won’t be able to get the highest power readings at this voltage.
The manufacturing process of the electronic generator and coil itself takes a little time and is carried out in the following sequence:
- From copper pipe a spiral with a diameter of 4 cm is made. To make a spiral, a copper tube should be screwed onto a rod with a flat surface with a diameter of 4 cm. The spiral should have 7 turns, which should not touch. Fastening rings are soldered to the 2 ends of the tube for connection to the transistor radiators.
- The printed circuit board is made according to the diagram. If it is possible to supply polypropylene capacitors, then due to the fact that such elements have minimal losses and stable work at large amplitudes of voltage fluctuations, the device will operate much more stable. The capacitors in the circuit are installed in parallel to form an oscillating circuit with a copper coil.
- Heating the metal occurs inside the coil after the circuit is connected to the power supply or battery. When heating metal, care must be taken not to short circuit spring windings. If you touch 2 turns of the coil at the same time with heated metal, the transistors will fail instantly.
Nuances
- When conducting experiments on heating and hardening of metals, inside the induction coil the temperature can be significant and amounts to 100 degrees Celsius. This thermal heating effect can be used to heat water for household needs or for heating a house.
- Diagram of the heater discussed above (Figure 3), at maximum load is capable of providing radiation of magnetic energy inside the coil equal to 500 W. This power is not enough to heat a large volume of water, and the construction of a high-power induction coil will require the manufacture of a circuit in which it will be necessary to use very expensive radio elements.
- Budget solution for organizing induction heating of liquids, is the use of several devices described above, located in series. In this case, the spirals must be on the same line and not have a common metal conductor.
- Asa pipe from of stainless steel with a diameter of 20 mm. Several induction spirals are “strung” onto the pipe, so that the heat exchanger is in the middle of the spiral and does not come into contact with its turns. When 4 such devices are turned on simultaneously, the heating power will be about 2 kW, which is already sufficient for flow-through heating of liquid with a small circulation of water, to values allowing the use this design in supplying warm water to a small house.
- If you connect such a heating element to a well-insulated tank, which will be located above the heater, the result will be a boiler system in which the liquid will be heated inside stainless pipe, the heated water will rise up, and its place will be taken by a colder liquid.
- If the area of the house is significant, then the number of induction coils can be increased to 10 pieces.
- The power of such a boiler can be easily adjusted by turning off or turning on the spirals. The more sections that are turned on at the same time, the greater the power of the heating device operating in this way.
- To power such a module you will need a powerful power supply. If inverter is available welding machine direct current, then a voltage converter of the required power can be made from it.
- Due to the fact that the system operates at constant electric current , which does not exceed 40 V, the operation of such a device is relatively safe, the main thing is to provide a fuse block in the generator power circuit, which in the event of a short circuit will de-energize the system, thereby eliminating the possibility of a fire.
- You can organize “free” home heating in this way., subject to installation for powering induction devices batteries, which will be charged using solar and wind energy.
- The batteries should be combined into sections of 2, connected in series. As a result, the supply voltage with such a connection will be at least 24 V, which will ensure the boiler operates at high power. In addition, a series connection will reduce the current in the circuit and increase the service life of the batteries.
- Exploitation homemade devices induction heating, does not always eliminate the spread of harmful to humans electromagnetic radiation, therefore the induction boiler should be installed in non-residential premises and shielded with galvanized steel.
- Mandatory when working with electricity safety regulations must be followed and, especially for networks alternating current voltage 220 V.
- As an experiment can be made hob for cooking food according to the scheme specified in the article, but it is not recommended to use this device constantly due to imperfections self-made shielding of this device, because of this, the human body may be exposed to harmful electromagnetic radiation that can negatively affect health.
An induction furnace is heating device, where the induction method is used for melting steel, copper and other metals (the metal is heated by currents excited not variable field inductor). Some consider resistance heating devices to be one of the types, but the difference is method of energy transfer heated metal. At first Electric Energy becomes electromagnetic, then electrical again, and only at the very end turns into thermal. Induction stoves are considered the most perfect from all gas and electric (steel-smelting, mini-stoves), thanks to its heating method. With induction, heat is generated within the metal itself, and the use of thermal energy is most efficient.
Induction furnaces are divided into two types:
- with core (duct);
- without core (crucible).
The latter are considered more modern and useful ( heating devices with a core, due to their design, are limited in power). The transition from channel to crucible furnaces began in early 1900s. On this moment they are widely used in industry.
Quite popular types of electrical appliances are the muffle melting furnace, steel melting furnace and arc steel melting furnace. The former are very effective and safe to use. There is a large assortment on the shelves muffle furnaces of this type. Very important role The invention of the steel-smelting furnace played a significant role in metallurgy. With its help, it became possible to heat any materials.
However, at the moment, steel smelting is more often carried out using a heating structure such as, it uses the thermal effect for melting, and it is more convenient and practical.
You can make many simple heating structures with your own hands. For example, it is very popular. If you decide to build a mini heating structure with your own hands, you need to know its structure. There are many types of induction furnaces, but we will describe only a few of them. If necessary, you can use the necessary diagrams, drawings and video recordings.
Read also: Features of building a stove with barbecue on the street
Induction Furnace Components
For the simplest designs, there are only two main parts: an inductor and a generator. However, you can add something of your own, improve the unit, using the necessary circuits.
Inductor
The heating coil is the most important component. Absolutely the entire operation of the heating structure depends on it. For homemade stoves with low power, it is permissible to use an inductor made of a bare copper tube with a diameter of 10 mm. The inner diameter of the inductor should be not less than 80 mm. and no more than 150 mm., number of turns – 8-10. It is necessary to take into account that the turns should not touch, so the distance between them should be 5-7 mm. Also, no part of the inductor should touch its shield.
Generator
The second most important component of the furnace is the alternating current generator. When choosing a generator circuit, you should do everything possible avoid drawings, giving a hard current spectrum. As something that does NOT need to be chosen, we present a popular circuit based on a thyristor switch.
Crucible furnace structure
Inside there is a melting crucible with a drain sock (“ collar“). On the outer sides of the structure, an inductor is located in a vertical position. Next comes a layer of thermal insulation, and at the top is a lid. There may be an inlet on one of the external sides current and cooling water. At the bottom there is a device for signaling crucible wear.
The melting crucible is one of the most important components of the unit; it greatly determines its operational reliability. Therefore, very stringent requirements are placed on the crucible and other materials used.
How to make an induction oven
First you need to assemble a generator for the inductor. Here you will need the K174XA11 circuit. The transformer should be wound on a mini-ring with a diameter of 2 centimeters. The entire winding is made with a wire with a diameter of 0.4 centimeters and should be 30 turns. The primary winding is characterized by the presence exactly 22 turns of wire with a diameter of 1 millimeter, and the secondary must contain only 2-3 turns the same wire, but already folded four times. The inductor must be made of 3 mm. wires with a diameter of 11 mm. There should be exactly 6 turns. To adjust the resonance, it is best to set it to normal or mini led.
For melting metal on a small scale, some kind of device is sometimes necessary. This is especially acute in a workshop or in small-scale production. The most efficient furnace at the moment is a metal melting furnace with an electric heater, namely an induction furnace. Due to the peculiarities of its structure, it can be effectively used in blacksmithing and become an indispensable tool in the forge.
Induction furnace structure
The oven consists of 3 elements:
- 1. Electronic and electrical part.
- 2. Inductor and crucible.
- 3. inductor cooling system.
In order to assemble a working furnace for melting metal, it is enough to assemble a working electrical circuit and an inductor cooling system. The simplest version of metal melting is shown in the video below. Melting is carried out in the counter electromagnetic field of the inductor, which interacts with induced electro-eddy currents in the metal, which holds a piece of aluminum in the space of the inductor.
In order to effectively melt metal, large currents and high frequencies of the order of 400-600 Hz are required. The voltage from a regular 220V home socket is sufficient to melt metals. It is only necessary to turn 50 Hz into 400-600 Hz.
Any circuit for creating a Tesla coil is suitable for this. I liked the following 2 circuits on the GU 80, GU 81(M) lamp the most. And the lamp is powered by an MOT transformer from a microwave oven.
These circuits are intended for a Tesla coil, but they make an excellent induction furnace; instead of the secondary coil L2, it is enough to place a piece of iron in the internal space of the primary winding L1.
The primary coil L1 or inductor consists of a copper tube rolled into 5-6 turns, the ends of which are threaded to connect the cooling system. For levitation melting, the last turn should be done in the opposite direction.
Capacitor C2 in the first circuit and an identical one in the second sets the frequency of the generator. At a value of 1000 picoFarads, the frequency is about 400 kHz. This capacitor must be a high-frequency ceramic capacitor and designed for high voltage of about 10 kV (KVI-2, KVI-3, K15U-1), other types are not suitable! It's better to use K15U. Capacitors can be connected in parallel. It is also worth taking into account the power for which the capacitors are designed (this is written on their case), take it with a reserve. the other two capacitors KVI-3 and KVI-2 heat up at long work. All other capacitors are also taken from the KVI-2, KVI-3, K15U-1 series; only the capacitance changes in the characteristics of the capacitors.
Here is a schematic diagram of what should happen. I circled 3 blocks in frames. 
The cooling system is made of a pump with a flow of 60 l/min, a radiator from any VAZ car, and I placed a regular home cooling fan opposite the radiator.
Metal smelting by induction is widely used in various industries: metallurgy, mechanical engineering, jewelry. Simple oven induction type for melting metal at home, you can assemble it yourself.
operating principle
Heating and melting of metals in induction furnaces occurs due to internal heating and change crystal lattice metal when high-frequency eddy currents pass through it. This process is based on the phenomenon of resonance, in which eddy currents have maximum value. To cause the flow of eddy currents through the molten metal, it is placed in the zone of action of the electromagnetic field of the inductor - the coil. It can be in the shape of a spiral, figure eight or trefoil. The shape of the inductor depends on the size and shape of the heated workpiece.
The inductor coil is connected to an alternating current source. In industrial melting furnaces, industrial frequency currents of 50 Hz are used; for melting small volumes of metals in jewelry, high-frequency generators are used as they are more efficient.
kinds
Eddy currents are closed along a contour limited magnetic field inductor. Therefore, heating of the conductive elements is possible both inside the coil and on its outside. Therefore, induction furnaces come in two types:
channel, in which the container for melting metals is channels located around the inductor, and a core is located inside it;
crucible, they use a special container - a crucible made of heat-resistant material, usually removable.
The channel furnace is too large and is designed for industrial volumes of metal smelting. It is used in the smelting of cast iron, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The crucible furnace is quite compact; it is used by jewelers and radio amateurs; such a furnace can be assembled with your own hands and used at home.
device
A homemade furnace for melting metals has enough simple design and consists of three main blocks placed in a common body:
high frequency alternating current generator;
inductor - a spiral winding made of copper wire or tube, made by hand;
crucible.
The crucible is placed in an inductor, the ends of the winding are connected to a current source. When current flows through the winding, an electromagnetic field with a variable vector appears around it. In a magnetic field, eddy currents arise, directed perpendicular to its vector and pass along a closed loop inside the winding. They pass through the metal placed in the crucible, heating it to the melting point.
Induction furnace and its advantages:
Fast and uniform heating of the metal immediately after turning on the installation;
direction of heating - only the metal is heated, and not the entire installation;
high speed melting and homogeneity of the melt;
there is no evaporation of metal alloying components;
The installation is environmentally friendly and safe.
A welding inverter can be used as a generator for an induction furnace for melting metal. You can also assemble a generator using the diagrams below with your own hands.
Furnace for melting metal using a welding inverter
This design is simple and safe, since all inverters are equipped with internal overload protection. The entire assembly of the furnace in this case comes down to making an inductor with your own hands. It is usually performed in the form of a spiral from a thin-walled copper tube with a diameter of 8-10 mm. It is bent according to a template of the required diameter, placing the turns at a distance of 5-8 mm. The number of turns is from 7 to 12, depending on the diameter and characteristics of the inverter. The total resistance of the inductor must be such as not to cause overcurrent in the inverter, otherwise it will shut down internal protection. The inductor can be fixed in a housing made of graphite or textolite and a crucible can be installed inside. You can simply place the inductor on a heat-resistant surface. The housing must not conduct current, otherwise eddy currents will pass through it and the power of the installation will decrease. For the same reason, it is not recommended to place foreign objects in the melting zone. When operating from a welding inverter, its housing must be grounded! The outlet and wiring must be rated for the current drawn by the inverter.
Induction furnace with transistors: diagram
There are many in various ways assemble an induction heater with your own hands.
To assemble the installation yourself, you will need the following parts and materials:
two field-effect transistors type IRFZ44V;
two UF4007 diodes (UF4001 can also be used)
resistor 470 Ohm, 1 W (you can take two 0.5 W connected in series)
film capacitors for 250 V: 3 pieces with a capacity of 1 μF; 4 pieces - 220 nF; 1 piece - 470 nF; 1 piece - 330 nF;
copper winding wires in enamel insulation Ø1.2 mm;
copper winding wires in enamel insulation Ø2 mm;
two rings from inductors removed from the computer power supply.
* Field effect transistors installed on radiators. Since the circuit gets very hot during operation, the radiators must be large enough. You can install them on one radiator, but then you need to isolate the transistors from the metal using gaskets and washers made of rubber and plastic.
* It is necessary to make two chokes. To make them, you need copper wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm; it is wound on rings removed from the power supply of any computer. These rings are made of powdered ferromagnetic iron. It is necessary to wind from 7 to 15 turns of wire on them, trying to maintain the distance between the turns.
* Collect the above capacitors into a battery with a total capacity of 4.7 μF. The connection of capacitors is parallel.
* The inductor winding is made of copper wire with a diameter of 2 mm. Wrap 7-8 turns of winding around a cylindrical object suitable for the diameter of the crucible, leaving the ends long enough to connect to the circuit.
* Connect the elements on the board according to the diagram. A 12 V, 7.2 A/h battery is used as a power source. The current in operating mode is about 10 A, the battery capacity in this case will last for about 40 minutes. If necessary, the furnace body is made from a heat-resistant material, for example, textolite. The power of the device can be changed by changing the number of turns of the inductor winding and their diameter.
During prolonged operation, the heater elements may overheat! You can use a fan to cool them.
Induction furnace with lamps
You can assemble a more powerful induction furnace for melting metals with your own hands using electronic tubes. To generate high-frequency current, 4 beam lamps connected in parallel are used. A copper tube with a diameter of 10 mm is used as an inductor. The installation is equipped with a tuning capacitor to regulate power. The frequency shown is 27.12 MHz.
To create a diagram you need:
4 vacuum tubes- tetrode, you can use 6L6, 6P3 or G807;
4 chokes at 100 ... 1000 µH;
4 capacitors at 0.01 µF;
neon indicator lamp;
trimmer capacitor.
Assembling the device yourself:
1. An inductor is made from a copper tube by bending it into a spiral shape. The diameter of the turns is 8-15 cm, the distance between the turns is at least 5 mm. The ends are messed up. The diameter of the inductor should be larger diameter placed inside the crucible by 10 mm.
2. Place the inductor in the housing. It can be made from a heat-resistant, non-conducting material, or from metal, providing thermal and electrical insulation from the circuit elements.
3. Assemble cascades of lamps according to a circuit with capacitors and chokes. The cascades are connected in parallel.
4. Connect a neon indicator lamp - it will signal that the circuit is ready for operation. The lamp is brought out to the installation body.
5. A tuning capacitor of variable capacitance is included in the circuit; its handle is also brought out to the housing.
Induction furnace - circuit cooling
Industrial smelting plants are equipped with a forced cooling system with water or antifreeze. Carrying out water cooling at home will require additional costs comparable in price to the cost of the metal melting installation itself. Execute air cooling using a fan is possible, provided the fan is located sufficiently remotely. Otherwise, the metal winding and other elements of the fan will serve as an additional circuit for closing eddy currents, which will reduce the efficiency of the installation. Elements of electronic and lamp circuits can also actively heat up. To cool them, heat sinks are provided.
Safety precautions when working
The main danger when working with homemade installation- danger of burns from heating elements installation and molten metal.
The lamp circuit includes elements with high voltage, therefore it must be placed in a closed case, preventing accidental touching of the elements.
The electromagnetic field can affect objects located outside the device body. Therefore, before work, it is better to wear clothes without metal elements and remove complex devices from the operating area: phones, digital cameras.
An induction furnace for melting metals at home can also be used to quickly heat metal elements, for example, when tinning or forming them. The operating characteristics of the presented installations can be adjusted to a specific task by changing the parameters of the inductor and the output signal of the generating sets - this way you can achieve their maximum efficiency.
Induction heaters can be divided into industrial and household. One of the main methods of generating heat for melting metal in the metallurgical industry is induction furnaces. Devices operating on the induction principle are complex electrical equipment and are sold in a wide range.
Induction technology is the basis of such devices from our everyday life as microwaves, electric ovens, induction cookers, hot water boilers, furnace heating system. Kitchen stoves with the induction operating principle are convenient, practical and economical, but require the use of special utensils.
The most common stoves in everyday life are those using the induction principle of operation for heating rooms. Options for such heating are boiler installations or autonomous units. Induction furnaces are indispensable in jewelry making and small workshops. small size for melting metal.
Advantages of Melting
Induction heating is direct, non-contact and its principle allows the generated heat to be used with maximum efficiency. The efficiency factor (efficiency) when using this method tends to 90%. During the melting process, thermal and electrodynamic movement of the liquid metal occurs, which contributes to uniform temperature throughout the entire volume of the homogeneous material.
Technological potential of such devices creates advantages:
- performance – can be used immediately after switching on;
- high speed of the melting process;
- possibility of adjusting the melt temperature;
- zonal and focused energy orientation;
- uniformity of molten metal;
- no waste from alloying elements;
- environmental cleanliness and safety.
Benefits of heating
Scheme
To a master who can read electrical circuits, it is quite possible to make a heating furnace or an induction melting furnace with your own hands. Feasibility of installation homemade unit Each master must determine for himself. It is also necessary to have a good understanding of the potential danger from poorly executed such structures.
To create a working furnace without ready-made scheme must have understanding of the basics of physics induction heating. Without certain knowledge, it is not possible to design and install such an electrical device. Device design consists of development, design, and diagramming.
For those smart owners who need a safe induction furnace, the circuit is especially important, as it combines all the best practices of a home craftsman. Such popular devices as induction furnaces have a variety of assembly schemes, where craftsmen have the opportunity to choose:
- oven containers;
- operating frequency;
- lining method.
Characteristics
When creating an induction melting furnace do it yourself must be taken into account certain specifications
, affecting the melting rate of the metal:
- generator power;
- pulse frequency;
- losses due to eddy flows;
- hysteresis losses;
- heat transfer intensity (cooling).
Principle of operation
The basis of the induction furnace is to obtain heat from the electricity generated variables electromagnetic field (EMF) inductor (inductor). That is, electromagnetic energy is converted into vortex electrical energy, and then into thermal energy.
Eddy currents closed inside bodies emit thermal energy, which heats the metal from the inside. Multi-stage energy conversion does not reduce the efficiency of the furnace. Because of simple principle jobs and opportunities self-assembly schemes increase the profitability of using such devices.
These efficient devices, in a simplified version and with reduced dimensions, operate from a standard 220V network, but require a rectifier. In such devices, only electrically conductive materials can be heated and melted.
Design
An induction device is a kind of transformer in which powered by an alternating current source inductor - primary winding, the heated body is the secondary winding.
The simplest low-frequency heating inductor can be considered an insulated conductor (straight core or spiral) located on the surface or inside a metal pipe.
Main components of the device, working on the principle of induction, consider:
Power from the generator launches powerful currents of varying frequencies into an inductor, which creates an electromagnetic field. This field is a source of eddy currents, which are absorbed by the metal and melt it.
Heating system
When installing homemade induction heaters in a heating system, craftsmen often use inexpensive models welding inverters(DC-AC converters). The energy consumption of the inverter is high, so for permanent job such systems you need a cable with a cross section of 4–6 mm2 instead of the usual 2.5 mm2.
Such heating systems must be closed and automatically controlled. Also, for operational safety, a pump is required for forced circulation coolant, devices for removing air trapped in the system, pressure gauge. The heater must be located at least 1 m from the ceiling and floor, and at least 30 cm from walls and furniture.
Generator
The inductors receive power from the industrial frequency setting of 50 Hz in the factory. And from generators and converters of high, medium and low frequencies (individual power supplies), inductors work in everyday life. It is most effective to involve high-frequency generators in the assembly. Can be used in mini induction ovens currents of different frequencies.
The alternator should not produce a hard current spectrum. According to one of the most popular schemes for assembling induction furnaces in living conditions The recommended generator frequency is 27.12 MHz. One of these generators is assembled from the following parts:
- 4 tetrodes (electronic tubes) of high power (6p3s brand), with parallel connection;
- 1 additional neon light - indicator that the device is ready for operation.
Inductor
Various modifications of the inductor can be presented in the shape of a trefoil, a figure of eight, and other options. The center of the assembly is an electrically conductive graphite or metal blank around which the conductor is wound.
Before high temperatures Fine graphite brushes heat up(melting furnaces) and nichrome spiral (heating device). The easiest way to make an inductor is in the form of a spiral, the internal diameter of which is 80–150 mm. The material for the heating coil of the conductor is also often a copper tube or PEV 0.8 wire.
The number of turns of the heating coil must be at least 8–10. The required distance between turns is 5–7 mm, and the diameter of the copper tube is usually 10 mm. The minimum gap between the inductor and other parts of the device must be at least 50 mm.
Kinds
Distinguish types of induction furnaces with your own hands:
- channel - the molten metal is located in a groove around the inductor core;
- crucible - the metal is located in a removable crucible inside the inductor.
In large productions channel furnaces operate from industrial frequency devices, and crucible furnaces at industrial, medium and high frequencies. In the metallurgical industry, crucible type furnaces are used for smelting:
- cast iron;
- become;
- copper;
- magnesium;
- aluminum;
- precious metals.
Channel type induction furnaces are used in smelting:
- cast iron;
- various non-ferrous metals and their alloys.
Duct
A channel-type induction furnace must have, when heated, electrically conductive body in the heat generation zone. During the initial startup of such a furnace, molten metal is poured into the melting zone or a prepared metal template is inserted. Upon completion of metal smelting, the raw materials are not completely drained, leaving a “swamp” for the next smelting.
Crucible
Crucible induction furnaces are the most popular among craftsmen because they are easy to use. A crucible is a special removable container placed in an inductor along with metal for subsequent heating or melting. The crucible can be made of ceramics, steel, graphite and many other materials. It differs from the channel type in the absence of a core.
Cooling
Increases the efficiency of the melting furnace in industrial environments and in domestic small factory-made appliances cooling. In case of short-term work and low power homemade device You can do without this function.
Perform the cooling task yourself home handyman does not seem possible. Scale on copper may lead to loss of functionality of the device, so regular replacement of the inductor will be required.
Used in industrial conditions water cooling, using antifreeze, and also combined with air. Forced air cooling in homemade household appliances unacceptable, since the fan can draw EMF onto itself, which will lead to overheating of the fan housing and a decrease in the efficiency of the furnace.
Safety
When working with the oven, you should beware of thermal burns and take into account the high fire danger device. While the devices are operating, they must not be moved. You need to be especially prudent when installing heating stoves in residential areas.
EMF affects and heats the entire surrounding space, and this feature is closely related to the power and frequency of the device’s radiation. Powerful industrial devices can affect metal parts next to you, on people’s fabrics, on objects in their pockets.
The possible impact of such devices on people with implanted pacemakers during operation must be taken into account. When purchasing devices with an induction operating principle, you must carefully read the operating instructions.