It is a metal plate, on the surface of which there are several rows of spikes made by stamping.
It is they that, when installing this fastening element, “bite” into the wood and are firmly fixed in it.
Depending on the variety and size, nail plates can have from 2 to 16 rows of spikes, the height of which is usually about 8-14 millimeters.
The fastening element is made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm by cold stamping, the teeth have a height of up to 14 mm.
What are gear plates made of?
Serial production of nail (toothed) plates is carried out on specialized industrial equipment. They are made from galvanized sheet steel.
In the production of this type of fastener, powerful hydraulic presses are actively used, characterized by high productivity.
This equipment allows you to produce high-quality and, importantly, relatively inexpensive nail plates in large quantities.
Scope of application of nail plates with GP marking
Metal serrated nail plates are also used as connectors for construction.
They are excellent for firmly connecting together the elements of wooden rafters used in the construction of buildings with large spans.
Fastening plates (toothed) are also used to connect timber, and it turns out to be very strong and durable. This fastener greatly simplifies and speeds up the assembly of lattice frames.
Advantages of tenon mounting plates
Tenon fasteners have gained wide popularity due to the numerous advantages and benefits that their use offers.
The main one is, perhaps, that this fastener guarantees a strong and durable connection wooden parts. In this case, the wood does not split and its integrity is maintained.
Thanks to the presence of a high-quality anti-corrosion coating, the nail plates are virtually rust-free, which is especially important for such a hygroscopic material as wood.
For the most durable butt fastening of wooden elements located in the same plane (boards, beams, posts, beams, rafters and other structures), high-strength and reliable fasteners are used - (toothed). Their characteristic feature is stamping with teeth 8 or 14 mm high and 1 mm thick, which are arranged in rows on a monolithic metal platform. The bonding strength of the plate depends on the shape of the teeth and their angle of inclination.
Manufactured from high-quality 1.2 mm thick carbon steel sheets with teeth stamped on hydraulic press and subsequent galvanizing. The product is not subject to corrosion, has a long service life and the following advantages:
- provides high strength and durability of connections;
- easily withstands dynamic loads;
- allows you to do without the use of nails and other fasteners;
- significantly increases the speed of work.
Nail plates wholesale
The company "StalKrepezh" manufactures own production nail plates various forms and sizes for use in wooden house construction, roof design, formwork construction and others repair and finishing works. We offer it at manufacturer's prices in any quantity and product range. Our consultant managers will help you make the choice and place your order.In we wrote that the Kirov enterprise Steelcap launched its analogue of the European nail plate GNA20 (our name is GP). This insert has a low tooth (8.5 mm) specific shape. It was not easy to reproduce such a product, but Kirov engineers and craftsmen managed it. The builders appreciated the quality and affordable price Russian nail plate and there was a steady demand for it. However, for wooden structures big size Low tooth plates are not enough.
Therefore, at the beginning of May, in addition to the existing line of GP nail plate (8.5 mm tooth height), Steelcap began production of high tooth nail plates.
This product is an analogue of the European nail plate T150 and the domestic MZP-1.2, made of galvanized steel 1.2 mm thick and has a tooth height of 14 mm. Plate widths are 124, 145, 176 and 206 mm. Length from 204 to 1250 mm. The difference in size compared to the GNA20 plate is clearly visible in the photo. The use of such fasteners is advisable in critical units or when there is a significant difference in the thickness of the parts being connected.
On this moment the first stage of production has been launched, which involves the use manual labor during some operations. Because of this, productivity is still low. But work is underway to complete a fully automated CNC line, which will be launched this quarter. Once the full production cycle is launched, the new nail plate will be available in any size and quantity.
Such wooden structures are most relevant for the construction of garages, garden buildings and summer cottages.
This technical manual describes the principles of connecting parts, provides illustrations of the main structural units and recommendations for the selection of sections of wooden hanging elements rafter systems.
More complex types wooden structures must be calculated and assembled at the manufacturer's factory.
Rice. 11.01 Installation of homemade wooden hanging rafter systems. The joints of the lower chord should rest on load-bearing walls in the middle of the span.
- The upper and lower chords of the structures are in the same plane.
- Steel perforated plates are located on both sides.
- The lower belt of the structure is attached to the upper one with an overlay.
- Wooden overlays may only be nailed on one side.
- A bolted connection using lock washers with external teeth, clamped between the parts to be joined, and also using washers.
Rice. 11.02 Span, roof angle, location load-bearing wall
1. The lower chord of homemade wooden triangular three-hinged arches (hanging rafter systems), designed for a span of more than 4.2 m, must rest in the middle on a load-bearing wall.
Rice. 11.03 Example of a steel perforated plate with an arrangement of holes guaranteeing optimal distance between the nails Table 11.1
| Snow load S 0, kN/m² | Roof angle 18°≤ α ≤ 22° | Roof angle 22°≤ α ≤ 37° | Roof angle 37° ≤ α ≤ 45° | ||||||||||
| Span L*, m | Upper chord h, mm | Bottom chord h, mm | Upper chord h, mm | Bottom chord h, mm | Connection of the upper and lower chords, junction of parts of the lower chord***** | Upper chord h, mm | Bottom chord h, mm | Connection of the upper and lower chords, junction of parts of the lower chord***** | |||||
| Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | Number of nails**** | D st. washers ***, mm | ||||||||
| 2,5 | 3,0 | 123 | 173 | 6 | 50 | 123 | 173 | 5 | 50 | 123 | 173 | 3 | 50 |
| 3,6 | 148 | 198 | 7 | 62 | 148 | 198 | 6 | 50 | 148 | 198 | 4 | 50 | |
| 4,2 | 173 | 223 | 8 | - | 173 | 223 | 7 | 62 | 173 | 223 | 4 | 50 | |
| 4,8 | 198 | 148 | 9 | - | 198 | 148 | 8 | - | 198 | 148 | 5 | 62 | |
| 5.4 | 198 | 148 | 10 | - | 198 | 148 | 8 | - | 198 | 148 | 5 | 62 | |
| 6.0 | 223 | 173 | 11 | - | 223 | 173 | 9 | - | 223 | 173 | 5 | 62 | |
| 6,6 | 223 | 173 | 12 | - | 223 | 173 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| 4,5 | 3,0 | 123 | 173 | 8 | - | 123 | 173 | 7 | 62 | 123 | 173 | 4 | 50 |
| 3,6 | 173 | 198 | 10 | - | 148 | 198 | 9 | - | 148 | 198 | 5 | 62 | |
| 4,2 | 198 | 223 | 11 | - | 173 | 223 | 10 | - | 173 | 223 | 6 | 62 | |
| 4,8 | 223 | 148 | 13 | - | 223 | 148 | 11 | - | 223 | 148 | 7 | - | |
| 5,4 | 223 | 148 | 14 | - | 223 | 148 | 12 | - | 223 | 148 | 7 | - | |
| 6,5 | 3,0 | 148 | 173 | 11 | - | 148 | 173 | 9 | - | 148 | 173 | 5 | 62 |
| 3,6 | 173 | 198 | 13 | - | 173 | 198 | 11 | - | 173 | 198 | 6 | - | |
| 4,2 | 223 | 223 | 15 | - | 198 | 223 | 13 | - | 198 | 223 | 7 | - | |
|
* The thickness of the structure's chords is 48 mm, the grade of lumber is 3rd, the center distance between the arches is 600 mm. |
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Rice. 11.04 Basic parameters of homemade wooden tangular arches - The top chord of a homemade wooden triangular arch.
- Bottom belt.
- Flight.
- Overhang.
- Roof angle.
- The load-bearing wall strapping should extend all the way to the outer edge of the junction of the upper and lower chords of the truss.
- The roof overhang should not exceed 500 mm.
Rice. 11.05 Connecting the upper and lower chords of the structure using perforated steel plates and nails - For homemade wooden arches in this case, plates are used on both sides:
100×240×1.5 mm, if the span is up to 4.2 m
100×300×1.5 mm, if the span is more than 4.2 m
In this case, the calculated snow load should be less than 4.5 kN/sq.m - Minimum distance from end wooden element should be more than 60mm.
- In this case, you need to use 4.0x40 mm corrugated nails, distributing them evenly over the plate, observing the minimum indentations (items 3 and 4). The number of nails per connection is selected according to table 11.1.
Table 11.2
Rice. 11.06 Connecting the upper and lower chords of the arches using a bolt and two one-sided lock washers with external teeth, clamped between the parts to be connected, as well as using washers - Lock washers with external teeth - 2 pcs. The diameter of the lock washers is selected according to table 11.1.
- Bolt, 20 mm. Minimum distances from the end and edges of wooden elements, see table 11.2.
- Washer, 60×60×5 mm.
Rice. 11.07 Connecting the upper chords of triangular arches in the ridge using perforated steel plates and nails - Perforated steel plates 80×140×1.5 mm are used on both sides.
- On each side, along the outer edge of the plate, 2 corrugated nails 4.0x40 mm are driven in.
- The area of the plate that can be used for driving nails.
- The minimum distance from the end of the wooden element must be greater than 40mm.
- The minimum distance from the edge of the wooden element must be greater than 28mm.
Rice. 11.08 Connecting the upper chords of the arches in the ridge using overlays made of boards or plywood - Overlay 148×300 mm made of boards more than 30 mm thick or plywood more than 15 mm thick.
- The area of the plate that can be used for driving nails.
- Nails 3.5×90 mm, 8 pcs. from each side.
Rice. 11.09 The joint of the lower chord of a homemade wooden triangular arch should always be located above the support. If there is no support, then breaks in the lower belt are unacceptable, and maximum length the lower belt should be less than 4.2 m 
Rice. 11.10 Connecting the elements of the lower chord of the arch using perforated steel plates and nails - Steel perforated plates 100x300x1.5 mm are mounted on each side and centered relative to the joint.
- The area of the plate that can be used for driving nails.
- The 4.0 x 40 mm corrugated nails should be placed as evenly as possible along the outer holes of the plate.
Rice. 11.11 Connecting the elements of the lower chord of the arches using bolts and one-sided lock washers with external teeth clamped between the parts being connected, as well as using washers - The junction of the elements of the lower chord of the arch.
- Minimum distances are given in Table 11.2.
- The thickness of the lining and the thickness of the elements of the lower chord of the arch must be the same.
- Lock washers with external teeth - 2 pcs. for connection. The diameter of the lock washers is selected according to table 11.1.
- Bolt, 20 mm.
- Washer, 60×60×5 mm.
Rice. 11.12 Diagonal wind braces 23x98 are attached to each triangular arch 1. Diagonal wind connection.
Rice. 11.13 Diagonal wind braces are attached to the lower edge of the upper chords of the arch with 3 nails 2.8×75 or 3.4×95 mm 1. Attaching the diagonal wind brace to upper belt designs.
Rice. 11.14 Anchoring wooden arches with perforated steel tapes 
Rice. 11.15 If there are arches on the installation path chimneys or other obstacles, then the arch is shifted to the side. An additional arch is installed on the other side of the obstacle - A triangular arch that should be moved to the side.
- Additional triangular arch.
The material was prepared by designer Vladislav Vorotyntsev based on the Norwegian technology of frame house construction developed by the SINTEF Institute
The nail plate is used for fastening the rafter part of the house, as well as for connections in frame housing construction. It is a strip (plate) made from galvanized steel sheet with stamped nails (teeth). The production of nail plates by cold stamping on a hydraulic press allows us to obtain high-quality connecting elements. Standard insert teeth are 8 millimeters high. One nail plate can have from 2 to 16 rows of teeth.
The thickness of the nail plate is from 1 millimeter, the width can be, depending on the standard size, from 20 to 132 millimeters, and the length can be from 76 to 1250 millimeters. With the help of metal toothed connecting plates, wooden structural elements such as boards, beams, beams lying in the same plane can be connected without the use of nails, screws and other fasteners.
Why fastening can be a problem
The issue of fastening is very important due to the characteristics of wood, its “behavior” depending on weather conditions. With changes in the degree of humidity, wooden building elements decrease or increase in size and are often subject to bending. As a result, large and long-term “stresses” arise in the places of their connections and abutments. The reason for this may also be the construction of a light foundation or its complete absence (which is possible given the low weight and elasticity of wooden structures), leading to a change in the geometry of these structures.
When using a metal plate, increased corrosion resistance of the connecting element is ensured, which favors its operation in conditions high humidity, and also when performing external works.
Properties of nail plate
The connecting nail (toothed) plate has important advantages in comparison with other types of fastenings. For example, from separately driven nails, each of which is on its own.
-*Strength of bonding with wood is achieved shape of the teeth and their angle of inclination, arrangement in rows. At the junction of wooden structural elements, the nail plate forms a connection that has high strength properties that no other can compete with. fastener. These indicators have been verified by many mechanical tests of structures.
-*Common monolithic platform– the base on which all the teeth are attached eliminates the possibility of their mobility and swinging. The platform becomes a common, connecting basis for the connected parts of the structure, due to which the connection is again given the quality of strength.
allow us to provide excellent strength even when splicing wooden structural elements by butt connection.
-*Parts are attached extremely tightly. it's the same empirically proven. For example, a beam assembled using a plate of two butt-joined wooden beams, when exposed to a fracture, it broke not at the junction of the structural elements, but in the monolithic part of the beam. Thus, the monolithic platform of the nail plate completely prevents the teeth from moving or becoming loose and becomes a reliable basis for the connecting assembly.
-*If necessary possible to apply electroplating – this is possible additional service at the request of the customer. This coating will give additional durability to the steel nail plate.
-*Metal toothed plates installed faster than traditional types fasteners, thanks to its unique design. This will significantly save time during construction and installation work on fastening elements of rafter and sub-rafter systems.
-*Due to the possibility of manufacturing floor beams with “corridors” specially designed for these purposes this method of fastening facilitates the laying of communications(ventilation ducts).
The listed qualities of nail connecting plates have become the reason for their spreading mass use in the construction and construction of wooden structures for any purpose. The simplicity of the design of nail plates brings exceptional strength and durability to the connection.
Experience in using nail plates
Steel nail plates have been used for over twenty years in Canada and the USA, specifically in North America They began to be widely used in the construction of wooden structures. This fastening method is now widely used throughout Europe. With the help of industrially produced truss structures based on plates, you can build almost any type of roof, attic, attic spaces, skylights, etc.
Roofs using nail plates are applicable in all types of structures, for example:
- residential buildings,
-industrial,
- agricultural,
-sports and commercial facilities.
In addition to rafter structures, this technology can be successfully used for:
- reconstruction of buildings and flat roofs, where plates are considered an indispensable type of fastener;
- production of panels for walls;
- production of lattice frames,
- construction of formwork for concrete structures,
- construction of long-span premises made entirely of wood.
The possibility of creating trusses with a span of more than 30 meters without internal supports (for example, tennis courts), which has arisen in connection with the use of connecting plates, is widely used. The plates can be successfully used when joining boards lengthwise.
Tooth (nail) plate is a strong, fast and economical connection for wooden structures. The distinctive advantages and properties of this fastening contribute to its increasingly widespread use in construction. wooden houses and structures in our country. The opportunity to purchase these products is becoming more and more accessible, and those interested can evaluate the convenience and quality of this fastener in practice.