Ready-made bas-relief sketches for beginners. Realize your fantasy on the walls inside your apartment or the perfect combination of style and practicality - do it yourself bas-relief. Making a bas-relief from gypsum plaster: photo report

empstenup/ February 14, 2016 / /

You can always do the finishing work yourself. This applies not only to situations where you simply want to save on the services of specialists. Our master class will help you make a high-quality bas-relief on the wall with your own hands.

In the video, in addition to the master class, you will see a lot of tips and important points from a professional. Be sure to watch it so you don't make mistakes.

Drawing

To complete the work you will need the following tools: wallpaper glue, high quality primer. First you need to remove all old coatings from the wall on which you plan to apply the image. Next we perform drying and priming. First we make a pencil sketch on the wall. Beginners are not recommended to immediately start drawing complex pictures.

Tropical vegetation and birds of paradise are suitable for practicing skills. You can use the cell enlargement technique if you have little to no skills. We draw squares both on the wall section itself and on the drawing. We transfer all the lines gradually, one by one. The main thing is to remember what image scale is chosen, even when it comes to small details.

Relief creation

Rubber and metal spatulas will help completely clean the future work surface. And the drawing itself must be covered with so-called polymer putty. It is necessary to fill certain areas with plastic mass. It's not that hard to do. The main thing here is the ability to give the material the desired relief, convexity according to all the rules. You need to start with a rough application of putty. Then you have to wait a little until the future drawing dries. At the next stage, we adjust the shapes and details. The same material is used for smoothing.

The bas-relief on the wall is carefully processed with sandpaper after it has completely hardened. An excellent solution is to use small and medium fractions. A large one will also be needed, but it is used when it is necessary to bring the finished form to perfection.

Types of bas-relief

The most popular materials are clay and gypsum, wood and marble.. Casting from bronze or alabaster - more difficult option. It requires professionalism and a certain skill. Only a master can do the job.

The images themselves also become important factors in categorization. The ornamental type involves drawing patterns. It's not that difficult to make them. Scene pictures are a higher class of images. There are other varieties. For example, multifaceted compositions, a flattened classroom, and images with animals stand out. The best drawing for a specific room will be created by a master.

Each group has its own characteristics. Additionally, various effects are created. You can often see plaster images of birds and plants, fruits and flowers. Pictures with people and others symbols They also occur, but they are often purchased ready-made rather than made independently. They are either mounted on the walls or inserted into special niches.

Features of drawing

Exist certain rules creating a composition. Not only a master, but also a beginner can fulfill these conditions.

• A frame is assembled from materials.

• Cover the entire mold with cling film or polyethylene. The main thing is that the flooring remains level. Wrinkles should be eliminated wherever possible.

• The solution is poured into the mold and wait until it dries.

• The contours of the drawing are drawn using cutters. The tool must be of a suitable shape.

It is necessary to prepare the surface if the design is applied to it immediately. Old coatings and dirt must be completely absent. The primer is applied when the wall is perfectly level. This also needs to be done carefully.

You can sketch future images while the material dries. Printing pictures on a printer in parts is an excellent option for transferring small parts. Each part is transferred to a special film. Contour lines are drawn as soon as the surface is ready. This helps to bring the entire composition together into a single whole.

Relief creation

After the mold has completely dried and the outline has been applied, this stage is started if the panel is created separately from the wall. The volume is increased from the newly prepared mixture. Apply several layers and wait until they dry. The background is leveled and sanded when the required depth is achieved.

In two stages, a relief is created when drawing on the wall. First they make a draft. Then fill with the mixture necessary elements. Excess trimmings are removed. After this, the rough layer should dry out a little. Then small elements are finalized.

Installation of bas-relief (stage by stage)

A pre-prepared picture is attached to the wall using wallpaper or tile adhesive. Apply it to the tile and wall at the same time. Self-tapping screws or nails help to cope with especially heavy structures. It is important that they protrude only 2/3 of the width.
Method of recessing into the wall - optimal solution, if the structure weighs too much. The panel can be placed in a special niche. The seams must be plastered and primed.

The following is done with bas-reliefs made directly on the wall:

• We carefully plaster the bas-relief, when he's ready. The material class does not matter.

• Carefully clean all seams and depressions from dust. The process requires a responsible approach and care.

• We prime the bas-relief using a special brush.

• The relief is covered with paint, representing high class.

The best solution is water-based varieties. White paint is suitable if you do not intend to use several colors at once. Protruding elements are also processed.

2Video about creating a bas-relief

Bas-relief work (28 photos)

Bas-relief is a three-dimensional relief on the surface of a wall - an ornament or design that protrudes above the plane. He helps create exclusive interior, because each work is unique, and it is impossible to repeat it exactly.

Advantages of bas-relief on the wall

No type of decoration can compare in aesthetics with bas-relief. At first glance it attracts attention, looks unusual and interesting. You can create the drawing yourself. The advantages of bas-relief are:

• originality and effectiveness of finishing;
• the ability to disguise wall unevenness;
• the ability to act as a means of zoning a room.

Even more ideas for interior design can be found on the website https://masterinterera.ru/

You can create a bas-relief in the interior with your own hands, and this is another advantage of this type of wall decoration.

I don’t want to put up wallpaper, but painting the walls doesn’t seem enough in an interesting way finishing – complement it with a bas-relief, which can be created from various materials:

• gypsum;
• plasters;
• clay.

The base can be made of wood or metal - they are poured or processed, creating original compositions on the wall.

Types and themes of bas-relief

Not every relief pattern on the wall is called a bas-relief, but only one whose elements protrude from the surface by no more than half. If it’s more, it’s a high relief.

A wooden bas-relief looks original in the interior if you choose it according to the design style of the room and a color that matches the color of the furniture. In this case, it will harmoniously fit into the overall style.

Bas-relief ideas can be varied. Depending on the style, these can be plant and animal motifs; abstract elements or antique subjects look aesthetically pleasing. Size, plot and complexity will depend on:

• volume of the room;
• design style.

Often a three-dimensional image is made directly on the wall, but it is possible to install pre-prepared slabs with a ready-made relief. We also recommend looking at the options for decorative panels on this website http://mirstrojka.ru/dekorativnye-paneli/

DIY bas-relief

Many people order the decoration of walls with three-dimensional drawings to specialists, however, knowing what to make a bas-relief from, you can do the work yourself.

For putty-based bas-relief you will need:

• putty;
• glue;
• putty knife;
• cutter;
• acrylic paints;
• brushes;
• stained glass outline.

At the first stage, a sketch of the future three-dimensional painting is transferred to the surface of the wall. It is transferred to paper, covered with film and the outline is transferred to it. An erase-resistant marker or felt-tip pen is suitable for this.

Preparing the base is the second stage. It is necessary to apply acrylic putty, fine-grained gypsum is the basis of the future bas-relief. They need to be leveled and allowed to dry, but not completely. After about 15 minutes you can start working - transfer the drawing to the wall.

Secure the film to the wall with masking tape and trace the design so that the image is imprinted on the wall. Simple ways creating a bas-relief for beginners involves the following steps:

Putty is applied along the contour of the wall - one layer after another. Subsequent layers are applied only after the previous ones have dried.

Then, using palette knives, they cut through the image, drawing out every detail. The largest and most convex elements need to be reinforced with self-tapping screws. This way the image will be durable.

When all the details are drawn, the panel needs to be thoroughly dried and treated with sandpaper. It is necessary to smooth out all roughness, corners, convex and concave elements. Work at this stage requires accuracy and caution.

After finishing, the drawing is primed and painted. It is better to use water-based paint. To prevent the surface around the three-dimensional design from looking unnaturally smooth, apply a small layer of plaster and treat it with crumpled paper or polyethylene to make the surface rough.

Do-it-yourself gypsum bas-relief has a slightly different manufacturing technology. It is better to use ready-made molds for casting elements from a mixture of gypsum and PVA glue. The mass should be similar to plasticine.

Using ready-made molds, you can cast individual elements of the ornament, dry them and glue them to the wall. Those parts for which there are no molds, or they are too small for casting, can be sculpted by hand.

When the entire drawing is ready, all the cracks are sealed with white sealant. Next, as in the case of putty, the bas-relief is coated with a primer and painted. You can apply paint, wax, add gilding.

Bas-relief in the interior

The bas-relief goes well with many finishing materials:

• plaster;
• marble;
• skin;
• tree;
• mirrors.

Numerous photos of bas-relief on the living room wall or ceiling, in arched openings, niches, and in bedrooms of different styles indicate that it looks harmonious both in a classic and in a room stylized as an antique interior.

A bas-relief simple in shape and design will give original look modern minimalist interior, and classic is appropriate even in a loft style.

The bas-relief will be appropriate in different rooms:

• in the living room, with the help of a bas-relief, you can recreate the interior of an ancient castle, palace or, conversely, complement a modern interior with it;
• in the bedroom, an original solution would be to place a large panel above the head of the bed or across the entire wall;
• in the kitchen area volumetric panel appropriate in the dining area or on the kitchen apron. You can decorate an entire wall or a free niche like this;
• in a spacious bathroom, bas-relief can complement the decoration of the walls with marble.
• in a large hallway, you can decorate part of the wall with stucco; for a small room, it is better not to use three-dimensional images.

Small stucco elements can complement a single-color wall, if the others contain paintings, photographs, shelves with souvenirs, and collections. This way it won't seem empty.

Volume plant pattern Fills the space well without overloading the interior.

The room can be transformed if you complement the design with several stucco elements on the walls or ceiling. Sometimes a bas-relief can become a compositional, organizing center of a room.

When creating a bas-relief, it is important to provide the correct lighting so that the three-dimensional image “plays” - this way the maximum decorative effect will be achieved.

Photo of the bas-relief on the wall

To create a bas-relief with your own hands, you can use a wide variety of materials: gypsum, gypsum-based plaster, alabaster, clay, etc. For beginners, it is easiest to work with gypsum and plaster based on it.

Transferring the image to film

First step

Build a box with low walls from slats and plywood, more like a tray. In terms of its overall dimensions, the box must correspond to the dimensions of the future relief slab - this is where the bas-relief will be created.

Instead of a box, you can use other available means, for example, a candy box or a suitable-sized frame glued to the glass with adhesive tape.

Making blanks

Making blanks

Making blanks

Making blanks

Second step

Line the mold with polyethylene. Straighten the film so that there are no folds or there are as few as possible.

Third step

Prepare the solution according to the manufacturer's instructions and pour it into the mold.

If you plan to create an ornament with high relief, insert wire into the slab for additional reinforcement of the future composition.

Apply putty to the wall

Creating relief

Fourth step

Leave the poured mixture for the initial setting period. This indicator is individual for different materials, please check separately.

Lay out the blanks

Lay out the blanks

Fifth step

Start creating a bas-relief. First, you need to apply the outline of the decorative ornament being created to the slab, and then begin to increase the volume inside the designed outline from the newly prepared mixture.

Build up the volume in layers, allowing each layer to harden a little.

Cover with film and draw the contours

Removing the film

Working with plaster is quite convenient - as long as the material is wet, you can avoid excess special effort get rid of it with a knife, and adjust the ornament itself with a chisel and wood cutting tools.

In addition, not completely dry material can be easily sanded. It is much more difficult to carry out the necessary treatment of a hardened surface.

Layer by layer we apply the material to the wall, forming a bas-relief

Layer by layer we apply the material to the wall, forming a bas-relief

Layer by layer we apply the material to the wall, forming a bas-relief

Layer by layer we apply the material to the wall, forming a bas-relief

We lay out additional elements from plaster

Coloring

If you plan to create an in-depth image, you can solve the problem using two methods.

1. The background layer is built up around the image, as a result of which the elements of the ornament appear in some recess. Finally, the background plane is sanded.
2. The images are deepened by removing some of the base material using the chisel and chisels you are already familiar with.

How to attach bas-reliefs

The high relief with round figures turns out to be quite heavy. If per 1 sq. dm. its supporting area is more than 1.5-2 kg, the bas-relief needs to be reinforced. Corrugated nails 80-120 mm, driven into plastic dowels, are best suited for this. The attachment points are marked in advance under the thickest places, distributing them as evenly as possible over the area. The nail in the dowel should sit in the wall at least to a depth of 50-60 mm. The protrusion above the wall is 1.5-2 cm, for which the nail driven into the dowel is bitten off. The bas-relief mass above the protruding fastening peg should be at least 1-1.5 cm.

Superbas-relief

And in conclusion - how to try yourself in the elite technique of shadow bas-relief. All you need for this is a piece of plasterboard with a layer of fresh base solution of approx. 0.5 cm and nail 100-150 mm. You need to carefully remove the flash from the edges of the nail tip to get a regular 4-sided pyramid.

We prepare the sample as follows: using a nail with a slight slope, we prick even rows of holes in a checkerboard pattern and close to each other along the still plastic gypsum board coating. The inclination of the nail and the orientation of the edges of its tip relative to the directions of the rows must be maintained as accurately as possible so that the holes are equally asymmetrical.

The next step is to take the sample out into direct sunlight and, turning this way and that way, and in some other way, observe the play of chiaroscuro. At the same time, we try to imagine how the holes should be pricked to create a changing pattern. And, who knows, maybe you will discover a talent for this rare, but extremely effective art - shadow bas-relief.

Completing the processing process

When the required image is achieved, the bas-relief is thoroughly cleaned of dust and treated with a primer using an appropriate brush. Then comes the painting. If the use of several colors is not intended, then it is recommended to take white paint in two shades on a water-based basis, and cover with lighter paint the parts that need to be highlighted and which carry the main stylistic load. It is advisable to paint using a regular sponge rather than a brush to avoid the formation of unsightly stripes that change the dynamics of the design. Thus, the decoration can be considered ready.

Posted on05/06/2015byRoman. This entry was posted in Walls and tagged decor, decoration, walls, Putty, plaster. Bookmark the permalink.

Types of fittings for plastic windows

Execution technology

Bas-relief can be created from various materials, for example, stone, clay, gypsum plaster, gypsum, etc. However, it is easier to work with plaster or plaster at home.

The execution technology consists of the following stages:

1. A box is assembled from four plywood slats, which looks more like a tray. Its size and height must correspond to the slab of the future relief, since it is in it that the production will be carried out.
2. The form is covered with plastic film. It must be straightened so that there are as few folds as possible.
3. Mix the mixture with gypsum, plaster or cement-sand mixture in accordance with the instructions and pour it into the mold. The mixture can also be poured into a cardboard box, for example, a candy box, lined with film or into a frame, which is placed on glass and glued with tape.
4. If you plan to make a high relief, then you can insert wire reinforcement into the slab, which will subsequently be located inside the relief figures, firmly connecting them and the base.
5. Next, you should wait until the mixture initially sets. Cement requires no more than 10-12 hours, otherwise the next concrete layers will not adhere to the base. When using alabaster, this moment occurs during hardening and heating of the hardened surface, which indicates the process chemical reaction inside the stove. It can be removed from the mold at this stage. The surface on the side of the laid film will be polished, and the opposite surface, on the contrary, will be rough.
6. Then they begin to create the image by sculpting, drawing on the slab the outline of the planned three-dimensional image for the bas-relief. Then they begin to increase the volume inside the circuit with a newly mixed mixture. It is advisable to do this in several steps so that each subsequent layer can slightly set and harden. Working with alabaster is quite simple, since its excess can be easily cut off with a simple knife while it is wet, adjusting the material using chisels and cutters designed for wood carving. Plus, it is easy to level with sandpaper. Once alabaster or plaster has dried, it will be much more difficult to cut and sand its surface.
7. If it is necessary to make in-depth images, there are two methods: to deepen the drawing, selecting a certain amount of material using chisels and cutters, or to build up a background layer around the images, after which they will be in the recess, and then sand the background to a flat surface. You can wet the plate while working. The sculpting method is more economical than carving.
8. Another way to create an image is to stick pre-cast parts onto a base plate or wall, covering the seams between them with plaster and then cleaning them with sandpaper.

The most effective and at the same time complex method is the reverse casting method, invented by majolica masters who sold “sea” plates in the 17th century. At the same time, they took natural decorative elements, for example, shells, starfish, crayfish shells, dried fish, covered all the cracks and cracks between the background and the decoration, smeared it all with oil, pouring alabaster on top. After the slab had hardened, it was removed from the mold, and an in-depth image (counter-relief) was imprinted on the surface of its front side, which fully reflected the features of the decor. Such a slab could subsequently be used as a decoration or a mold, by casting new tiles in it. At the same time, the images of all the tiles were the same and looked “lifelike.”

DIY bas-relief on the wall

1. What is a bas-relief?
2. Painting the bas-relief

1. Since ancient times, man has sought to decorate his home. For this, wooden or stone decorations, elegant decorative elements, paintings by great masters of painting and sculpture were used.

One of the most sophisticated techniques for decorating the interior of a home is bas-relief.

You can transform even the simplest apartment if you make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands What is a bas-relief?

This is a three-dimensional image made of plaster, mounted on the wall or ceiling. Moreover, if the image appears
more than half - this technique is called high relief, if less - bas-relief. Of course, the bas-relief is an exclusive work,
which can transform even the most ordinary apartment. This technique has been known since ancient times, however, nowadays it is becoming more and more
popular.

It is believed that applying bas-relief is the job of professional craftsmen and artists. However, as we will see in this article,
It is not the gods who burn the pots. Mastering the technique of applying bas-relief is quite accessible to each of us. The main thing is that there is a desire and knowledge of some of the nuances, which we will discuss below.

Bas-reliefs most often depict plants, flowers, animals or some kind of plot paintings. A small bas-relief can be made on a tablet, which, in its
the queue is already mounted on the wall. Larger images are made directly on the wall.

Applying a relief image master class

If you are okay with drawing and have a desire to become a novice sculptor, then you don’t have to make molds to apply the bas-relief. Create a three-dimensional pattern of flowers directly on the wall using this technology:

1. Clean and level the wall surface. Treat it with a deep penetration primer and wait 30 minutes for it to dry.
2. Prepare gypsum plaster and apply it in an even layer 3-4 mm thick. There is no need to make the surface smooth.
3. Using a simple tool - a plastic spoon, a spatula and a trowel, create the desired design. The photo below shows an example - an ornament of blooming roses.
4. When the plaster has hardened, carefully remove the protruding edges of the resulting petals with a wide spatula. If necessary, refine the drawing with a stationery knife.
5. Cover the bas-relief with primer. To avoid any gaps, it is recommended to add a little dye to it.

The pattern is formed with a regular spoon

Note. Apply the drawing completely, leaving no empty space. The sizes of the elements do not matter and can be different, the main thing is that the overall picture looks good.

Upon completion, the finished bas-relief remains to be painted with a brush. The ends of the petals can be tinted with a different color using a wide flat brush, as shown in the master class in the video:

Materials for creating a bas-relief

The most common question among beginners is: what putty is best to use for making bas-relief? In principle, any finishing gypsum putty will do. Each master has his own favorite brands and compositions. Here are a few to recommend:

• Knauf Uniflot. Very durable and flexible. It can be used to form a deep relief - it will not fall off even without reinforcement. Disadvantage: expensive.
• Fugen. A little less durable, a little worse to cut. Much cheaper than Knauf Uniflot (almost three times). You can also make a relief without any problems.
• PUFAS. This is a gypsum putty with cellulose fiber. Processing time is about 60 minutes, applied in a layer of any thickness, cuts well, and is easy to sand.
• “Rotband” for the lower layers and “Shitrock” for the upper ones.
• "Akryl Putz" (Poland). Ready-made acrylic putty. It is good because it “sets” slowly; it takes an hour or more to work on the details (depending on the humidity in the room).

In addition, impregnations are required. They are selected based on the starting characteristics of the material. There are compounds that strengthen crumbling materials, penetrating deeply and binding particles of materials to each other. This is necessary, since gypsum panels weigh a fair amount and create additional load. Without preliminary preparation, they can fall off from unstable foundations. You can use moisture-protective primer concentrate from PUFAS. It is suitable for all mineral substrates, including wood and wood-based panels. The moisture-proofing composition Aquastop is suitable for loose substrates.

Impregnations for bas-relief priming

In addition, the following compositions are used:

• before starting work - to improve adhesion to the wall (or base) material;
• for layer-by-layer processing - when creating a deep relief, when one layer of putty is applied to the already dried one applied earlier;
• for finishing impregnation before painting - to level out the absorbency and so that the paint lays evenly, emphasizing the relief, and not hiding it.

For layer-by-layer processing, primers are needed that create a sticky, rough surface on the surface. In this case, you can put a new layer of putty even on an already dried surface. Ceresit deep penetration primer and PUFAS impregnating primer are suitable for these purposes. They can also be used for finishing before painting.

Modeling technique

Conducted on site, i.e. directly on the wall. This allows you to achieve a high artistic effect. Before sculpting, it is recommended to practice on plasticine. It is worth considering that when working with plaster, the time to correct errors and drips is limited. Gypsum hardens quickly, so sculpting work in one area is completed before work begins on another part of the composition.

Plaster molding can be low flat, high or round. Flat molding is made from a thick mixture that is applied in layers. Each layer is smoothed, which allows you to form a relief and trim its contours. Layers are applied on top of the previous ones when they have not yet completely dried. With each layer, the master must switch to smaller tools.

Wall mount

The problem of attaching the bas-relief to the base can be avoided if you sculpt it directly on the wall. In other cases, the composition is placed on liquid silicone or a special adhesive. If the relief was modular, then after fixing the joints, they are carefully rubbed down with putty. It is not recommended to decorate “flimsy” plasterboard walls with this decor. The base material must be reliable and strong. The joints between the bas-relief and the wall are also carefully masked.

It is important to know. By the way, the modular composition is convenient for beginners

If unsuccessful, any of the relief components can be replaced without harm to it.

Materials

To create a bas-relief yourself, you can use gypsum, gypsum plaster, papier-mâché, alabaster, clay, etc. For beginners, it is preferable to choose materials based also on the application technique.

Gypsum

The main material for creating stucco. It lends itself well to processing, while being durable and lightweight, so it is suitable even for beginners. Gypsum has a noble, pure white color; paints and varnishes adhere well to it.

Plaster

It is recommended for creating thick layers, and it is necessary to wait for each layer to dry before applying the next. When wet, the plaster is pliable, easily adjusted, and can be sanded if necessary. You should purchase material designed for a layer of 5 centimeters or more.

Mixture

This is a composition of architectural plaster, plaster and PVA glue in a ratio of 1:1:0.5. Dry gypsum and plaster are filled with water based on the required density, and PVA is added.

Putty

For beginners, it is recommended to create a bas-relief from putty, since all the work can be done only with this material. It can also be used for thin layers. In this case it is used finishing putty or ready in buckets.

Papier mache

A papier-mâché bas-relief is stronger than one made from plaster. At the same time, the material perfectly forms volume, is pliable, and dries quickly.

Styrofoam

Complex figures for bas-relief can be cut from foam plastic. This material can become the basis of a product due to its low weight, especially in comparison with gypsum.

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Using stencils

When decorating from stencils, the image of the future bas-relief is transferred to penofol and cut out. Gypsum fiber sheet the required size is covered with a primer, on top of which a figure cut out of penofol is placed. If the bas-relief is made on the basis of a stencil directly on the wall, then the same algorithm is used, but the stencil, that is, a figure made of foam foam, is glued directly to the wall, wiping out irregularities and voids with putty. You can also sculpt smaller elements on a stencil, for example, using salted dough, which holds its shape perfectly and does not dry out quickly, allowing time for correction.

Cast molds

If you cast the molds for the composition in advance, this speeds up and simplifies the work of the master. You can cast leaves, flowers, trunks and branches of trees and bushes. The use of cast forms visually improves the effect of the bas-relief. Forms of various designs and types are sold in special stores, or are made independently. For this, alabaster or gypsum is used; reinforcing frames must be located inside the form. They are designed to maintain the integrity of the mold and cast parts for which a solution of plaster or other material is used. The mixture must be liquid to completely fill all the spaces in the mold. A metal frame is inserted before or after pouring the solution, which ensures the strength of the resulting part.

The wire frame is made of steel wire, which has a thickness of 0.7 to 2 mm. This mold blank can be used not only for casting molds, but also for making composition details directly on the wall. You can attach the frame to the surface using dowel nails, for which special holes are drilled. One turn of wire is wound onto the dowels, after which the nail is driven in all the way.

If the sculptor plans to create large bas-relief details, then for additional stability it is better to use wire. The frame will also simplify the sculpting process. The top of the bas-relief can be coated with a layer of primer or water-based paint. For alabaster, such a coating will only add gloss, but for more fragile plaster or sensitive plaster it will provide additional protection. While working, it is better to use a professional set of stacks that will help you create even the smallest details.

Choose the bas-relief not only to the style, but also to the character of the room. Culinary themes are suitable for the kitchen: voluminous still lifes, flower arrangements or panoramas of ancient cities. Stylish images of natural elements will look organic in the bedroom: bouquets, trees, animals. In a children's room, with the help of relief, you can create a real fairy tale, and its scenes decorate the entire perimeter of the room.

Professional decorators recommend not using false walls, arches or furniture to zone small studios. Bas-reliefs are perfect for these purposes; in combination with color differentiation, without further ado, they will make it clear where the functional zones are divided.

Bas-reliefs are not very often used in design. It is much easier to cover a wall with photo wallpaper with the desired image. Many people are intimidated by the complexity of the process. If you have patience, you can find hidden talents in yourself and decorate every room of your apartment with three-dimensional paintings, making its design original and unique. To get inspired, you can study the magnificent sculptures decorating Moscow's Bolshoi Theater or the numerous houses on the streets of St. Petersburg.

Bas-relief on the wall - what is it?

Many centuries ago, people actively decorated the walls of their own houses with all kinds of decorations. It could have been stone or wood carvings, original plasters, etc. However, among them, bas-relief has always been positioned as the most refined and high-status.

The bas-relief is a voluminous decorative element protruding above the wall surface. These can be figures of people or animals, plants, patterns, household items, mythical creatures and much more. Family coats of arms or individual paintings are often found. Such a wide variety of options allows you to realize the most intricate stylistic ideas, decorating the room in any color scheme.

To bring such projects into reality, special template forms made of transparent polymer are used. Such stencils, after preliminary planning of the future interior, can be made with your own hands, ordered in a special workshop, or purchased ready-made matrices. The last option is the worst, since the models are not unique and the choice is limited.

The purpose of the matrix is general outline, consists of applying protruding patterns to the prepared surface of the walls in the form of an additional plaster layer.

Attention! When a figured element protrudes more than 1/2 of its volume above the total surface, then it is a high relief (high relief), and if less, it is a bas-relief!

Modeling on walls using a stencil

If you need to create a bas-relief with a repeating fragment (for example, a flower, a curl, a leaf), the easiest method is to work with stencils. Anyone can handle this kind of artistic decoration of a room. Even someone who has never been able to draw will construct a unique artistic sculpture without much effort or special skills. The pattern is printed on a regular printer. The template is made on a suitable material by cutting out those elements that need to be applied to the wall. You can buy factory-made stencil designs for bas-relief on the wall. They are offered in a wide range in construction stores.

You can apply the design using a stencil

The template can be assigned to any in a convenient way(for example, masking tape). The empty spaces are filled with a thick alabaster or other solution (the thicker the stencil, the thicker the batch is made) with a layer as thick as a cliché and left until completely dry. If uneven edges are obtained during separation, they are sanded with fine sandpaper. Subsequent processing is carried out in a manner common to all methods.

The template for the drawing can be fixed in any way

From all that has been said above, we can conclude that anyone can create a beautiful, bright and attention-grabbing outstanding pattern on the wall with their own hands. Creating a bas-relief yourself in your own home is an incomparable pleasure in the process and a unique decorative element as a result.

Once you set a goal, the interior of an apartment, house or public institution (cafe, restaurant, clinic, etc.) will acquire its own unique atmosphere.

Pros and cons of bas-relief

The bas-relief is made of wood, clay, alabaster, plaster or stone. The latter method is very labor-intensive and requires a high level of skill from the sculptor, since any mistake cannot be corrected. Bas-reliefs are created from wood by carving, and clay is the most accessible material that is suitable even for beginners. They were still doing modeling during their school years. Bas-relief products, unlike ordinary sculptures, allow you to maintain a 1:1 scale and at the same time save on materials. After all, clay, for example, for sculpting a person in full height it will take almost 60-70% less than to create a similar full-fledged statue. Previously, any types of reliefs decorated walls and ceilings and at the same time remained part of them, that is, the composition was static and could not be moved. Now you can make a small bas-relief on a special canvas stand and move it around the apartment if necessary.

Volumetric compositions are invariably associated with classical styles. Indeed, such decor would look appropriate in the design of the same name, Art Nouveau, Art Nouveau, Baroque, Rococo, Empire. But here we are talking about traditional sculptures, with soft lines and many small, elaborate details. In the center of the composition, as a rule, people, deities, mythical creatures or complex ornaments appear. A minimalist bas-relief will organically blend into the modern style:

• City panorama;
• A piece of forest;
• Volumetric “swirls” of the shaken liquid;
• Imitation of an “old” layer of finishing or brick under crumbling plaster.

Three-dimensional images of schools of fish, skates, algae, coral “fields” and fantastic panoramas of Triton’s possessions are suitable for the marine style. Of course, a beginner will not be able to make such compositions the first time without errors. You will have to train and get better at it for a long time. This is perhaps the main drawback of the bas-relief. It is impossible to create it beautiful without spending a lot of time on learning the skill of a sculptor. The only exception will be abstract reliefs, which are suitable for the style of the same name or minimalism. Unlike decorative painting, bas-reliefs do not need additional highlighting with color. The backlight will perfectly highlight every line. This type of design is popular for decorating arches, fireplaces, openings and accent walls. With its help, you can intelligently disguise surface unevenness, hide communication lines, or distort the space in an irregularly shaped room.

The bas-relief perfectly emphasizes the peculiarity of the ethnic style, regardless of which country the interior “comes from”.

Italian motifs will be emphasized by vines and decorative columns or a three-dimensional landscape from a false window. The Japanese flavor will be complemented by a 3D sakura branch dotted with numerous flowers, and the Chinese will be complemented by a dragon with a grinning muzzle. Themed elephants on the walls and decorative sculptures of multi-armed Hindu deities will harmoniously blend into a house with elements traditional to India.

Materials such as plaster and alabaster are harmful to human skin. They dry it out and irritate it, so creating bas-reliefs from plaster or alabaster requires the novice master to follow the following rules for organizing work:

1. Use rubber gloves.
2. Protect your eyes with glasses that prevent dust and small dust particles from getting into your eyes.
3. Wear a respirator when working with the solution.

Such safety measures perfectly protect the lungs and bronchi from dust, plaster and putty. Protective equipment must be worn by the person during the entire period of work. It is not recommended to remove them until the final touch on the bas-relief is completed.

It is also important to organize the work process correctly, which guarantees the creation of a beautiful three-dimensional image on the wall. The following recommendations will allow you to create an original bas-relief on the wall of an apartment or house with your own hands: . Install a powerful light source next to the wall to detect any imperfections and correct them before the material hardens.
Correctly dose the components for the solution so that it is enough to create the entire bas-relief.
The density of the solution should be optimal

If the mixture turns out to be very thick, then add a little water.
Before working on a wall, a novice master should practice a little applying the mixture to a wooden surface.
It is worth preparing all the tools and containers in advance so as not to look for them when mixing the mixture or preparing bas-relief parts.

• Install a powerful light source next to the wall to detect any imperfections and correct them before the material hardens.
• Correctly dose the components for the solution so that it is enough to create the entire bas-relief.
• The density of the solution should be optimal. If the mixture turns out to be very thick, then add a little water.
• Before working on a wall, a novice master should practice a little applying the mixture to a wooden surface.
• It is worth preparing all the tools and containers in advance so as not to look for them when mixing the mixture or preparing bas-relief parts.

Types of bas-reliefs

The bas-relief should protrude above the surface by no more than half the volume. This type of panel is called low bas-relief. If the figures protrude more than half, then it will be a high relief or a high bas-relief. You can make a three-dimensional image on the wall through the casting of a solid form, assembling a composition from individual elements. Other types of bas-relief include:

• Thematic and visual – the painting is in the center of the composition.
• Ornamental – patterns and ornaments are depicted.
• Flattened - a minimum distance is maintained between the volumetric parts and the plane.
• Picturesque - flat figures are created with barely noticeable elements of nature.
• Multifaceted - various components are used, contrasts are created between them, the effect of shadows is applied, including falling ones.
• Facing – used during facing works. Usually such images are created as ornamental.

Bas-reliefs are divided into other types and according to execution technique:

• Simple ones, which are made in the form of baguettes for paintings.
• Baguette or edging. They look luxurious on the wall, but not provocatively. Great for decorating plain walls on which photos or paintings are already hanging.
• Wall panels with floral patterns or paintings with plant themes. Such a bas-relief should be accompanied by lighting to enhance individual elements of the composition.
• Bas-reliefs that contain images of mountains, lakes, trees, nature, trees.
• Subject - occupy the entire wall or only a small part of it.

When choosing the type of bas-relief on the wall, which you can make yourself, you should take into account the features of the room where the composition will be placed. The following types of three-dimensional images are perfect for the kitchen:

• Still lifes.
• Pictures with pets.
• Drawings with kitchen utensils.
• Compositions with fruits and vegetables.

In a child's room, bright and light panels will look great, on which it is better to depict magical or fantastic animals, castles, butterflies, and cartoon characters. In the living room, bas-reliefs will look great in combination with stone and wrought iron.

So, how can you put a bas-relief on a wall with your own hands?

The materials needed for this are not the cheapest, as there are required primers and putties of very high quality and trellis glue. This way you will spend first for all the needs to avoid spending the results of the viconic process.

Most often, the method of decorating walls is to use bas-relief ready-made slabs, which can be prepared independently or purchased from artists. These slabs are ready to be mounted on walls. And sometimes the bas-relief is painted directly on the wall, technically an element of decorative plaster, and more specifically, a monolithic stucco molding behind it. The bas-relief on the walls, in contrast to other types of wall decoration, for example, decorative painting, does not provide additional color. And without seeing the color, the volumetric baby appears as a rakhunok gray light of correctly glazed piece lightening. This gives Vlasnikov's booth the possibility of creating accents on decorative elements needed at a particular time, including lighting.

In addition to decorative functions, the bas-relief on the wall also clearly fits with functional tasks of various kinds. For example, bas-reliefs allow you to disguise unevenness on the surface of the walls, decorate engineering communications, create visual space behind the bathrooms, and also create smooth transitions between different areas.

With a competent combination of decorative painting and volumetric relief, you can create truly incredible and original decorative effects. But, no less, despite the numerical superiority, the bas-relief cannot be used in the popular way of decorating walls. This is due to the high quality of such volumetric decoration.

Often, people are merging, enthusiastic, Barelif on the stir with their own hands - Ts Zbirna structural, vidlita z gpsa, ale in the Diytho Daniy View of the decorvannya, the vein є Originalny ibsovyvny. In this manner, the cleaning of beautiful bas-relief images will require the report of chimalih zusil. So anyway, since it’s a basket, you can use robots to navigate the bas-relief’s contours yourself.

Necessary materials and tools.

An approximate list of the necessary tools and materials for creating volumetric images of attacks:

• putty;
• putty knife;
• glue;
• acrylic fabric;
• olive; brushes of different sizes;
• rizak;
• slats;
• acrylic contour for stained glass and others.

Bas-relief on the wall with your own hands, preparation before painting

Before we begin to independently create a bas-relief on the wall, we must first manually select the wall for which we need to prepare.

The wall intended for applying the bas-relief must be thoroughly cleaned of old coatings, primed and dried.

After the wall is finished and cleaned, and the surface is covered with putty, and it is already dry, images are painted on it, planned to be painted in the bas-relief technique.

The images that are going to be placed on the wall are selected in advance. There is an oval scribbled on the wall. It’s not easy to get rid of the folding little baby the first time. It’s better to practice the basics, small images of roses, stylized birds and other not very complex figures. Since there is no need for an artistic image, then you can rely on the well-known technique of applying an image using an additional technique. In this case, the plot on the wall and the small pieces are cut into squares and transferred along all the lines from the small piece to the sketch. Re-painting details, it is necessary to remember about adjusting the scale of the image.

It’s not too much of a hassle to immediately paint the entire picture, but rather to draw the contours and outlines of objects and features depicted on the wall.

Brief information about the creative process

It would seem that it would be difficult to have three-dimensional paintings made of putty play on the wall, because no one will be able to control whether the result corresponds to the planned model - it is difficult to manage creativity. But decorating requires extreme concentration, careful approach and concentration. Nevertheless, an exclusive bas-relief made of putty is worth the physical and time costs. All paintings made from finishing putty cannot be done with a single set of tools - each case requires a special approach. The method of performing the work and the tools are determined based on the type of drawing, its volumetric level and the material used.

There is no point in starting with a complex pattern for a beginner. It is more logical to practice on a simplified drawing, the elements of which are performed both with a spatula and with your hands. This method of finishing will make it easier to adapt to the technique - it is easiest to work out the parts manually. Besides own hands you will need to use:

• putty composition;
• all kinds of spatulas;
• priming;
• tassels;
• simple pencil.

Often, the master uses two spatulas: one applying the composition to the surface, the second placing the solution on the first spatula and thereby eliminating excess material.

It is better to give preference to a slow-drying solution, which will make it possible to correct deviations from the plan in a timely manner. There is no huge difference between buying a ready-made composition or kneading it yourself from dry powder. Although it is preferable for an amateur to opt for a dry composition: if work has to be suspended, then the powder will not lose physical and chemical properties. If you feel a creative impulse, you can mix a small volume of solution for quick use.

For rooms with high humidity, you should buy primer and putty material that prevents the formation of mold and mildew.

Creating a bas-relief

1. Preparation

An orientation marking is drawn on the wall, which is necessary for the symmetrical and even application of decorative details.

It is advisable to make markings according to existing landmarks (corners, joints, edges of openings, etc.), since they are very often not perfectly smooth. If you place the bas-reliefs according to the marks made using the mounting level, they will “lie” perfectly evenly on the walls, and this will visually show the “curvature” of the walls, openings or corners of the room.

2. Fixing the stencil

In order for the bas-relief to turn out to be of high quality, it is necessary to place each template evenly on the wall. You can use several options for this:

Use adhesive compounds, however, they often leave absorbed stains and surface irregularities, which then additionally need to be removed;

Use double-sided tape or painting mesh - they are easy to use and can be easily removed from the plaster.

As a result, the fixative is applied to the stencil no closer than 4.0 mm to the edge of the cut out ornament. Carefully, without displacement, the matrix should be attached to the wall.

3. Priming the wall

This step is not mandatory, however, it will only improve the adhesion strength of the bas-reliefs to the surface being decorated. The technology for covering a section of wall for decoration with a primer solution does not differ from the similar preparation of walls before painting or wallpapering.

Each priming (optimally 2 layers) should be followed by sufficient drying time.

4. Applying a bas-relief

Spectacular, three-dimensional designs will be obtained only from a fine-grained putty mixture. When ready for use, it is a homogeneous, viscous, pasty mass.

Putty material can be purchased ready-made or as a dry mixture for self-breeding(recipe instructions are usually included).

The putty is applied in several layers to the stencil (cut out area), covering it evenly, and each new layer must be thoroughly compacted.

5. Removing the template film

You can begin to remove the matrix only after the plaster composition has completely dried and hardened. There should not be any difficulties during removal - firmly grasping the edge of the stencil, with a smooth peeling movement the sheet is separated from the wall without haste.

There is no need to be upset if the edges of the pattern are not perfectly straight. All the same, the bas-relief will undergo finishing treatment, after which the defects will be smoothed out with sandpaper.

Bas-relief using a stencil

If you do not have great artistic talent or are not confident in it, it is advisable to decorate your home with bas-relief using a stencil.

Learn all the subtleties and nuances of the work, practice on a small piece of drywall and feel free to start decorating.

Templates for bas-reliefs can be made independently from transparent plastic or purchased at a hardware store. If you don’t find the drawing you need, feel free to proceed self-production stencil:

1. find it on the Internet or draw a pattern yourself;
2. transfer it to plastic using carbon paper;
3. cut out the pattern on the stencil without leaving any burrs or cuts.

Stages of work:

• Preparatory work.

Make markings on the wall so that the pattern is evenly distributed on the wall. Prepare several stencils, as they are used only once.

Apply masking tape or glue to the back of the stencil. Place it on the wall and hold until you are sure that the stencil is firmly stuck to the wall.

• Wall primer.

Apply primer to the areas where the putty will be applied. After priming, the wall should dry well.

• Applying putty.

Fine-grained putty is best suited for this work. It can be purchased ready-made or as a dry mixture. In the second option, the mixture is diluted with water to the desired state.

Apply putty to the stencil, completely filling all holes. Each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has dried.

• Removing the template.

When all the layers have dried, you can begin to remove the template. To do this, gently pull the stencil towards you and separate it from the wall.

Clean uneven edges with sandpaper or correct defects with a palette knife.

• Decoration of bas-relief.

You can begin finishing the bas-relief after removing the stencil. Depending on the idea, you can use one color or several different colors for painting.

For painting, it is better to use a roller with a foam attachment and a special paint tray.

The pattern will be even more beautiful if you first go over the stencil with darker tones, and then with lighter ones, leaving a dark outline. Mother-of-pearl or gold paint looks good on such bas-reliefs.

Preparatory stage

Even the simplest plaster stucco molding gives the room an elegant and solemn look.

When developing the design of any apartment or house, from the kitchen to the bedroom, you can use relief images.

Bas-reliefs fit harmoniously into interiors of any style, from modern to fusion.

To create such paintings you only need desire, accuracy and perseverance.

Before starting any serious business, you need to properly prepare, watch a master class or consult with your neighbors.

Practice shows that first a wall or walls are selected on which the bas-relief will be applied.

It is very important to evaluate how the picture will be illuminated, with natural light or with the help of electric lamps. . The next step is that among the abundance of paintings you need to choose the one that will be mounted in a specific place on the wall

Such decisions require time to think and choose a specific option.

The next step is that among the abundance of paintings you need to choose the one that will be sculpted in a specific place on the wall. Such decisions require time to think and choose a specific option.

It is not recommended for a person who intends to make a bas-relief with his own hands to create a genre painting with images of wild animals and brave hunters for the first time.

The most suitable images in this case would be images of flowers, leaves and fruits.

It will be useful to watch a simple master class from a specialist who professionally sculpts bas-reliefs for walls.

It is advisable to choose an image that is not complex, but not primitive. In its original state it should please the eye.

You can start working with a specific picture.

To do this, you need to collect a minimum set of tools that are used in this case:

• trowel;
• flat brush;
• palette knife;
• maklovitsa;
• masking tape;
• rubber gloves;
• The film is transparent and dense.

You will also need finishing material, which is used when leveling the walls. Creating a bas-relief is carried out in several stages.

Each step requires special primers and plastic materials.

Installation of the bas-relief in stages

A pre-prepared picture is attached to the wall using wallpaper or tile adhesive. Apply it to the tile and wall at the same time. Self-tapping screws or nails help to cope with especially heavy structures

It is important that they protrude only 2/3 of the width.
The method of recessing into the wall is the optimal solution if the structure weighs too much. The panel can be placed in a special niche

The seams must be plastered and primed.

The following is done with bas-reliefs made directly on the wall:

• Carefully plaster the bas-relief when it is ready. The material class does not matter.

• Carefully clean all seams and depressions from dust. The process requires a responsible approach and care.

• We prime the bas-relief using a special brush.

• The relief is covered with high-class paint.

The best solution is water-based varieties. White paint is suitable if you do not intend to use several colors at once. Protruding elements are also processed.

2Video about creating a bas-relief

Bas-relief work (28 photos)

Tool

Making a bas-relief will require you to acquire some special tools. Not very expensive, but you can’t count on success without it. First of all, half a rubber ball for kneading the next portion of the working mixture. Everything falls out of it at once if you turn it inside out, and the dried remains fly off in the same way. The bas-relief will be stronger and more beautiful the faster it is formed, i.e. the further the working solution is from the beginning of setting. The kneading ball eliminates wasted time on shaking, scraping, etc. to zero. It is also more convenient to collect the solution in small portions from a ball, because... There are no corners inside. For the same reason, the batch turns out to be more homogeneous (homogeneous), and this is one of the most important factors in the final artistry of the bas-relief.

Tools for making bas-reliefs from gypsum

Next, you will need spatulas for modeling - palette knives. Set of 6 pieces (item 1 in the figure) is enough for a start. For forming bunches of grapes, scales, etc. Convex-concave spatulas are also needed. Sets with these are expensive, up to 30 thousand rubles. (!) for a set of 48 items, so amateurs often use spoons of different sizes instead (coffee, tea, dessert, table), with rounded and pointed tips. However, you can’t just create low relief with spoons; the bend of the handle gets in the way. Therefore, for each spatula, take 2 spoons made of aluminum and other ductile metal. One is used as is, it will be a convex spatula. And the other handle at the scoop itself is twisted 180 degrees and bent back, you get a concave spatula.

Note: good convex-concave palette knives come out of disposable plastic spoons and forks. To obtain concave spatulas, their handles are heated with a lighter near the scoop, twisted and bent while heated.

You will also need another palette knife - an artistic knife, pos. 2. Painters use it to clean old paint from the palette, and the sculptors trim the edges, cut off the flash, and create a fine texture. A palette knife can be perfectly replaced with a wide shoe knife.

The next necessary tool is a pastry syringe with nozzles (items 3 and 4) and, possibly, a 20 ml medical syringe without a needle. It is highly advisable to take a confectionery syringe with a trigger drive (item 4). Mixtures for bas-reliefs are not nearly as fluid as cream for cakes, and you need to form twigs, roses, leaves with a syringe (well, we’ve all seen how to decorate cakes) by holding it with both hands; Hold the instrument at the tip with your left hand.

Finally, you will need 2-3 flat painting brushes of different sizes and the same number of round, cheapest, ox-ear bristles. There is no point in buying expensive squirrel and kolin for bas-relief “for the sake of coolness”, they are too soft. You will also need a very hard and rough children's nylon brush for painting. Use brushes to create texture (see below) and plaster small areas of the bas-relief.

Working with and caring for the tool

Palette knives and brushes are dipped in water before adding the next portion of the mixture. Residues and drips on the working part are the key to spoiled work. After work, the syringe is disassembled and lowered into water in parts; Palette knives and brushes are also placed there. When the instrument becomes acidic, the remaining working materials are thoroughly washed off with clean water. By the way, a properly cared for pastry syringe after working on the bas-relief is also suitable for use for its intended purpose. All instruments must be stored absolutely clean.

The main stages of making a bas-relief

2. So, you have firmly decided to place a bas-relief on one of your walls, and you want to do this work with your own hands. First of all, you need to choose the wall on which your bas-relief will be placed

It is very important to evaluate at this stage what kind of lighting - daylight or electric - at what angle this place on the wall will be illuminated.

Next, select an image. If you do not have experience in applying bas-reliefs, you should not take on complex subject paintings. The truth is very simple and
boring images, although simple to execute, are unlikely to be of interest to you. Take images of flowers or trees. The main thing is that already
At this stage the image was pleasant and made you happy. Also, we do not recommend that a beginning sculptor take on large images. Start with small ones on a tablet - they can be fiberboard or drywall.
Once the image is selected, we get to work.

The material from which the image is made can be clay, alabaster, or plaster. For beginners, gypsum or gypsum-containing plaster is recommended.
Now we need to make a stencil. By the way, for the first experiments it is quite possible to use ready-made stencils, which are sold in construction stores.
If you decide to make a stencil yourself, then you will need carbon paper and stencil material - it is best if it is plastic.
We carefully transfer the image using carbon paper and a pencil onto the plastic, and then cut out the stencil. We cut the holes carefully, without leaving burrs.
Keep in mind that the stencil can only be used once, so if you plan to apply
on the wall of an ornament - a repeating pattern, it is necessary to prepare in advance required amount stencils.

The wall on which the bas-relief will be placed must be even and smooth. The wall must be primed before applying the bas-relief.
We attach the stencil to the wall in a previously determined place using glue or masking tape.
Then we apply fine-grained putty to the stencil. In construction stores you can purchase ready-made putty, or dilute dry putty
independently - it should be a viscous mass. This consistency is most suitable for working with bas-reliefs.
The putty should be applied in such a way that the stencil holes are completely filled with putty.
Using a spatula, press the putty firmly into the stencil.

When the putty hardens, carefully remove the stencil. If necessary, sand the resulting pattern with sandpaper.

At this point, the work with the bas-relief can be considered completed.

Painting the bas-relief

3. To make the bas-relief more interesting, it can be coated with paint.
The bas-relief is painted before the stencil is removed, especially if the painting is done using aerosol paints. It is important that
the stencil was intact, otherwise you will also “paint” part of the wall. A bas-relief, especially an ornamental design, is coated with gold or mother-of-pearl paint to create a greater effect.

When painting a bas-relief depicting representatives of flora and fauna, you can use an interesting technique in which dark paint is first applied, and then, leaving dark outlines,
light. This results in a richer and deeper image.
It is important to remember that you can start painting only after the putty has completely dried. As a rule, a day after applying the bas-relief.

There are many different techniques for applying bas-relief to a wall, but they all require certain knowledge and skills. Therefore, if you are new to this issue, start with the technique described above.

Video: master class do-it-yourself bas-relief on the wall

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Other ways to create flowers

There are other ways to create relief surfaces. For example, instead of a bag, you can use a plastic dishwashing sponge (brush) to create a relief pattern. The drawing is created in the same way as described above, but the result will be different: the relief will look like flower buds with many small petals.

To create relief designs, it is not necessary to use only homemade devices. Available for sale special device for applying images on putty - a textured (patterned) roller. Moreover, if you wish, you can choose a model that will create exactly the pattern you need.

Sometimes in stores you can find stencils or matrices for decorative plaster. The main difference between such devices and a roller is the ability to create not only small, but also large patterns.

You can also create images on decorative plaster using a regular spatula. The tool is pressed into the fresh coating, and then flower petals are formed using appropriate movements. However, decorating with such a tool requires a certain skill.

Applying patterns to putty or plaster is a rather complex task that requires artistic skills. However, if you have patience and practice, everything will definitely work out.

What you need to create a bas-relief with your own hands

Creating a bas-relief is a rather labor-intensive and sometimes time-consuming process. Therefore, masters of this craft ask a lot of money for their work. If you can’t afford the service of a professional, but you really want to decorate the wall, you can try to create a plaster bas-relief yourself. This will require minimal modeling skills, accuracy and perseverance. The list of required materials varies depending on what image and in what area you are going to reproduce. It usually includes the following devices:

1. Various types of brushes and spatulas, pencil, cutter.
2. Masking tape, thick transparent film - used to protect surrounding surfaces or transfer a sketch.
3. Rubber gloves - to avoid getting your hands dirty.
4. Putty, gypsum, plaster, alabaster - your choice.
5. Auxiliary materials - plasticine, polystyrene foam, cardboard, pieces of decorative cords. All this can be useful in the process of creating a bas-relief.

If you are starting to create a bas-relief for the first time, it is better not to take on a complex project big size. It would be even easier to create the decoration on a separate sheet of plasterboard, and then fix it to the wall surface.

Of course, before trying to create a bas-relief with your own hands, it will be useful for novice craftsmen to watch master classes on video. On the Internet you can find detailed descriptions of the stages of work on creating wall compositions for every taste with photos.

Preparation for execution

Before you start creating it yourself, you must first choose a wall that is convenient for this and needs to be prepared. It must be thoroughly cleaned of old coatings, primed and dried.

After the wall has been selected and cleaned, and the surface is covered with putty, which has already dried, an image is drawn on it, which is planned to be made using the bas-relief technique.

The image that is planned to be placed on the wall is pre-selected. A sketch is made with a pencil. Don't try to complete complex drawings the first time. It is better to practice your skills by making images of vegetation, stylized birds and other not too complex figures. If you have no ability for artistic depiction, then you can use the familiar technique of drawing an image using cells. In this case, the area on the wall and the drawing are drawn into squares, into which all the lines from the drawing on the sketch are transferred in turn. When redrawing details, you need to remember to respect the scale of the image.

It is not necessary to immediately draw the entire picture, but rather just draw the contours and outlines of the objects and personalities depicted on the wall.

Making a mold for plaster with your own hands

Forms or molds can be bought in stores, but their range is not as wide as we would like. In addition, the standard mold will no longer be a unique part of the bas-relief. To make a mold yourself, you will first have to make a sample of the element. The technology is the same for all materials, but let’s consider one of the most popular recipes. For it you will need:

• Putty;
• Water;
• PVA glue.

As for the proportions, then for 500 gr. putties take 1 tbsp. a spoonful of glue and 100 gr. water. The mass is kneaded with the gradual addition of liquid. The result should be a material similar in consistency to hard dough or hard plasticine. Proportions may vary depending on the composition of the putty. Parts and elements are molded from the mass

In the process you need to pay attention Special attention for flaws that will be passed on to the mold. The stucco is given time to harden

12 hours will be enough. Then, to make the mold, take:

• Set of self-tapping screws;
• Pieces of plywood for assembling the box;
• Liquid silicone.

A prefabricated box without a top is created from plywood using self-tapping screws. A sample of the element is placed in it and filled with silicone. Then the composition is allowed to harden. After which the walls of the box are unscrewed so as not to damage the mold, and a sample is fished out from its depths. The silicone mold is ready for reusable use.

In gypsum products, voids in the form of bubbles are often found. They can be modestly located inside the element or partially come out, thereby violating the integrity of the surface and spoiling the appearance. They can additionally be masked with a solution from which the main part of the bas-relief will be made.

If plaster is poured into the mold, then to avoid sticking, the mold is lubricated with vegetable oil.

2 Pictures using a syringe

List necessary tools to paint with gypsum plaster using a medical syringe:

• wooden blank for a picture;
• pictures of flowers on special decoupage cards or napkins;
• PVA glue;
• scissors;
• tassels;
• wood putty;
• medical syringe;
• paints;
• set of palette knives.

The first thing to do is to prepare the surface of the painting using putty. To do this, you need to prime the painting blank with a solution of PVA and water in a 1:1 ratio. Let it dry.

While the workpiece dries, patterns are cut out from decoupage sheets. A place is determined for decoration with flowers on a wooden surface. The cut out pictures are placed in place and coated with a solution of PVA glue and water using a brush. When the glued elements have dried, you need to take a small jar of light-colored wood putty. This is a ready-made composition that can be worked with without mixing with liquid.

Apply a thin layer of putty onto a brush or small palette knife ( special tool, which can be purchased at arts and crafts outlets or even in stationery stores) and is applied in a thin layer to areas of the painting free from the pasted pattern and carefully leveled. The putty should be applied in a slightly thicker layer with a palette knife to the decorative elements.

To make thin, contoured elements and curls, a syringe is used, or rather its body, into which the putty mixture is drawn, and with the help of a moving rod, the exit of the mixture from the spout (not the needle!) is regulated, forming thin and clear lines. The work is given time to dry. Then it is lightly sanded with sandpaper and painted over with acrylic or other suitable paints.

We create a full-fledged bas-relief

This is the most complex technique, requiring not only the ability to draw, but also some skills in overlay textured plaster. You need to start work by choosing a picture and a place on the wall where it will be applied. volumetric form. You should correctly assess the illumination of the area, since the bas-relief looks great in the interior thanks to the play of light and shadow. If you can’t find a good place, then make a picture on any wall, but then install 2-3 lamps above it, as shown in the photo.

Advice. When applying a large relief pattern, the master is close to the surface and cannot see how the entire picture changes during the work process

Therefore, it is important for a beginning sculptor to learn to evaluate the correctness of actions and often look at the result of their work from the outside.

To create a bas-relief, use the following technique:

1. Transfer the outlines of the selected pattern to the wall surface. There are 2 ways: just draw them with a pencil or copy them onto transparent film. The latter is applied to the wall, where a thin layer of putty or Marseilles wax has already been applied, and the contour is squeezed out along the lines with a slightly pointed object.
2. Give the picture volume by applying gypsum plaster (consistency thick) to the surface. This should be done in several layers and without haste, forming the outline of each part with a spatula or other convenient tool.
3. Since the solution hardens for a long time (about 3 hours), give the bas-relief clarity by removing excess plaster with a utility knife or narrow spatula. If you removed too much, then correct it with finishing putty.
4. Once the raised design has hardened, remove any remaining sharp edges and sand the pattern.

Advice. Do not use solutions of pure plaster and alabaster for application; they harden too quickly and do not allow you to adjust the details of the design. Don’t forget to prepare the wall surface – level it and coat it with primer.

When the bas-relief is ready, it can be painted in the desired color (usually white) or painted, creating a real picture. How the master does this is shown in the video:

General technology for creating bas-relief

To make a bas-relief on a wall, you must first prepare it: clean it, level it. You can start working on a flat and completely dry surface. When you are planning to make large bas-reliefs, it is advisable to prime the wall - for better adhesion of the composition to the wall.

The bas-relief on the wall can be of varying degrees of complexity. This one is difficult. It's clearly too much for beginners. But you know what can be done in the future

For the first experience, it is better to start with small products - such as medallions (round or square) with simple relief images. It is best to use moisture-resistant drywall as a basis for such products. You can make a frame under it (from a profile, for example). In this form, the volumetric composition can be moved from place to place. This makes it easier to master the basics of technology.

1. We find and print the image that we want to transfer to the walls. It must be cut from durable and waterproof material. Plastic is best for this, but thick cardboard can be used. If necessary, the template can be replicated.
2. Mix the mixture thoroughly (usually finishing gypsum putties are used). It should have a paste-like consistency and should not flow or spread.
3. We fix the template on the wall (you can use double-sided masking tape), and use a spatula to fill the slots with putty.
4. After half an hour or an hour, remove the template, trimming the uneven edges that tear when removing the template.
5. If the relief should be deeper, add more composition on top of the resulting spots of plaster.
6. We wait an hour or more - depends on the composition. The material must still be sufficiently plastic so that it can be cut with a knife, chisels and other similar tools. We select the unnecessary, forming the desired relief.
7. We wait until it completely dries, and achieve the desired degree of smoothness using sandpaper of different grain sizes (from medium to very fine).
8. We paint it, after drying it can be varnished (not at all necessary, but possible).
   1. Restrained forms, clear relief

This is all technology in general terms. There are nuances that are worth dwelling on separately. The first concerns the application of a starting layer of putty on the walls and transfer of the design. In more complex compositions, the bas-relief on the wall begins with transferring the contours of the design. This is done with a pencil or chalk (if you know how to draw) or with the help of an image printed in the required size and a carbon copy placed on it. Then we cover the places where we will apply putty with primer (for better adhesion), and then using palette knives (small spatulas different forms) apply the first layer of material. The further sequence of actions is similar to that described.

Before gluing the elements to the wall, it is better to lay them out on the floor and see what happens. This way you won’t have to remove and glue the fragments several times, and the wall won’t be stained with an extra layer of glue.

The antique figures in the image only look good in a frame. To do this, the picture frame is fixed to the wall, and its internal space is leveled with putty. Then the pedestal is attached, the figurine is glued to it, all corners and crevices are puttied. The remaining decorative elements are added, and the entire picture is completely covered with paint in several layers.

Putty bas-relief is very easy to make. The images on the wall are built up gradually, in layers. To avoid cracks in the drawing, you need to add PVA glue to the putty. For 0.5 kg of putty - 1 tbsp. l. glue and 100 gr. water.

Trees in bas-relief

Bas-relief with landscape

This decor is sensitive to moisture, dust and tobacco smoke. A fresh bas-relief must be carefully protected from this. The varnish layer is updated depending on the amount of dust and light falling on the image. You need to wipe the bas-relief with a dry or slightly damp cloth. Soft panicles work well. Over time, gaps and cracks still become visible. It is enough to periodically cover up and tint any defects that appear.

general characteristics

The monument is a structure with a wide staircase and a colonnade, under which there is a long panoramic relief. It depicts separate groups of people, animals and giants engaged in battle. Relief is classified into four types:

• Bas-relief. The sculptures protrude less than half above the flat background.
• High relief. The sculptures greatly extend beyond the background and are sometimes even partially separated from it.
• Counter-relief. It is a negative, that is, the composition is not convex, but concave.
• Ankre, or koylanaglyph. Only the outline of the image is cut out on a plane (usually a wall), that is, the composition is as concave as the counter-relief, but its depth is the same everywhere. This type is considered more primitive. It became widespread only in Ancient Egypt.

Bas-relief was rarely used in the interior of simple houses. Only very wealthy people who had real palaces at their disposal could afford it. More often, bas-reliefs were used to decorate the exteriors of Gothic-style houses and the interiors of cathedrals and churches. IN modern interiors decoration with such sculptural compositions has become accessible. You can even create a bas-relief yourself. We’ll talk further about the features of such sophisticated decor and how to make it yourself.

Bas-relief as an interior element

Wall panel- a universal solution for all styles. For example, a voluminous tree with branches, a climbing vine or an abstract pattern is used when you need to fill an empty wall without overloading the space. The use of bas-reliefs in apartments helps to visually change the room and hide surface imperfections.

The bas-relief can be made in the form of an ornament, decorate the walls with small scattered fragments, or make it a central composition. Volumetric compositions can be used to decorate a niche or any recess in the wall. Additional lighting will add accents and give the interior a feeling of completeness.

Bas-reliefs with still lifes, with images of domestic animals, kitchen utensils, fruits and vegetables are appropriate in the kitchen.

In a children's room, the wall panel should be light and airy, so that the child from childhood learns about the world in bright colors. Bas-reliefs should be decorated with angels, fairies, magical birds, fairy-tale castles, butterflies, flowers and cartoon characters. Such compositions fill the children's room with charm and fairy tale.

The bas-reliefs in the living room go well with wrought iron and stone. Therefore, if a fireplace is installed in the living room, then the bas-relief above it will become a real decoration of the room.

Bas-relief in the living room above the fireplace

Flowers, angels, tender, amorous scenes from medieval paintings look natural on the bas-reliefs in the bedroom. The room is filled with peace and tranquility.

Bas-relief can be created in several ways:

• sculpting a bas-relief directly on the surface of the wall;
• by manufacturing individual elements and then attaching them to the surface;
• creating a three-dimensional picture on a solid base.

A novelty in the field of creating bas-reliefs is new bas-reliefs. They are flexible plates with a pattern already applied.

Distinctive features of the new bas-reliefs:

• installation is possible on any surface;
• high levels of noise and thermal insulation;
• the plates are flexible and do not break;
• increased thermal and moisture resistance;
• safe for humans and the environment.
• easy installation using a special adhesive, according to the numbering.

Bas-relief painting

Even the simplest three-dimensional painting will ennoble the room, make it solemn and elegant.

You can try your hand by starting with creating a bas-relief painting.

Why exactly from a painting? The advantages of such a volumetric panel:

• for a bas-relief painting, no wall preparation is required;
• the decoration in the room will not be spoiled even if the painting is unsuccessful: you can postpone and redo the work later;
• bas-relief – the painting can always be moved to another place, given as a gift or taken to a new apartment.

Where to start working on creating a bas-relief

• The first step is to decide on the interior of the room.
• The second step is choosing the room and surface on which you plan to place the volumetric composition.
• The third step is preparing a sketch.

When choosing a sketch, you must take into account its size and wall area: the picture should fit harmoniously and naturally into the space

Lighting is also taken into account: the perception of the picture depends on it. In case of insufficient lighting, the bas-relief will need to be additionally illuminated

When choosing a sketch, if you are a beginner, you should not choose too complex and voluminous figures, or plot paintings with many characters. For the first bas-reliefs, it is better to opt for simple forms in the form of flowers, fruits or leaves. Although, despite the lack of experience, we do not recommend choosing too primitive sketches: they will be lost on the surface and will not look interesting.

Drawing the sketch as clearly as possible will help you in further work.

• The fourth step is transferring the sketch onto film.

The outline of the image must be transferred to paper. Place a transparent film on top and outline with a gel pen or pencil. The main thing is that the outline is not erased ahead of time.

• The fifth step is preparing the base.

The surface must be carefully prepared before applying the bas-relief. To do this, the wall is treated with putty.

The solution must be mixed well. Gypsum plaster hardens quickly, so we do not recommend preparing a lot of mixture at once.

You can make the work easier if you use a screwdriver or a mixer attachment on a drill to prepare the solution. To avoid splashing the walls, we recommend adding a little water to the dry mixture before mixing and stirring with a spatula. After this, mix the mixture with a power tool, let it stand for five minutes and mix again.

• The sixth step is to apply a drawing to the wall.

After complete drying, place a film stencil on the prepared surface and trace the outline of the design with a hard pencil. A relief image should remain on the surface.

The drawing can be applied directly to the wall. If you are not a very experienced artist, then you can transfer the image to the wall using the old and proven method: by cells.

• The seventh step is the formation of the drawing.

This is the longest and most important stage, especially for a person who has no experience in modeling from plasticine or clay. But nothing is impossible. Following our advice, anyone, even without experience, can create a real masterpiece.

Before you start making the relief, you need to mark the volumetric areas of the bas-relief and secure the screws in the thickest places.

Gradually begin to add volume to the objects drawn in the drawing. This work is carried out in several stages: the putty is applied to individual areas, layer by layer.

When applying the first layer, pay special attention to raised areas. There is no need to try to make the relief even; the ribbing will help to bind the second layer of plaster more tightly to the first.

Then, using a palette knife, you need to cut through the image so that the details begin to emerge.

We prepare the material for modeling in advance. For beginners, we recommend working with gypsum plaster or plaster. In addition to the fact that these materials are plastic, they also set quickly enough and hold their shape well.

• The eighth step is painting the bas-relief.

Before you start painting, you need to perform a few more steps:

1. completely dry the sculpted bas-relief;
2. Use fine sandpaper to clean concave and curved elements, sharp, protruding edges and corners;
3. clean and prime the wall panel.

Working at these stages requires caution and precision. Try not to overdo it or remove too much, so that the volume is not lost and you don’t have to go back to sculpting.

After the primer has dried, you can begin to apply paint.

If you are using one color of paint, we recommend using white water-based paint in different shades. Lighter paint is applied to all protruding elements that carry the main stylistic load. To paint, do not use a brush, but a regular sponge. This will avoid unwanted streaks.

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The wall around the wall panel will not look too smooth if you apply a layer of plaster on it and make it textured. To do this, you can use crumpled paper or a plastic bag folded into a rosette.

Creating an invoice

At this stage of work, everything depends only on the imagination of the performer:

One option: apply a tool made from a bag to the putty and, with slight pressure, turn it around its own axis. As a result, the texture will become similar to a flower bud.
With the help of a bag you can create both individual “bouquets of flowers” ​​and a continuous texture over the entire surface.
When the texture is created, let the surface dry for 48 hours. Two days are usually enough for the walls to dry completely.
Apply acrylic to a dry surface paint and varnish composition suitable color. Moreover, we only use a fluffy roller. We apply the paint carefully, without missing anything, to achieve uniform color of the entire relief.
When the paint has completely dried, take a brush with hard and short bristles and use it to remove the pigment from the upper points of the created texture. The brush can be replaced with a standard spatula. Thus, we get the effect of an artificially aged surface, which will visually emphasize the relief floral pattern.

Preparing for work

The bas-reliefs are made by hand. Of course, on the market for cheap decorative elements you can buy ready-made plaster stampings, but this will not add uniqueness to the design. Before you start working on your first full-fledged composition, you need to train your hand. It is most convenient to practice on clay, plaster or plaster. The materials are plastic and allow you to correct mistakes before they dry completely. The canvas will be plywood with a low wood frame. In rare cases, you can create a composition directly on a section of the wall. This option is suitable only for those sculptors who are firmly confident in their abilities. They also create large-scale panoramas directly on the wall, which would be simply inconvenient to hang after production on separate canvases. You also need to make standard forms for repeating elements ahead of time to reduce the labor intensity of the process.

For example, it is much easier to produce each berry of a grapevine in molds. These elements are often made of gypsum, but optimal material considered alabaster. We'll talk about where to get molds a little later. Instead of a stencil, regular cling film will be used. First, it is placed on a hard surface and the outline of the individual elements is drawn. Then the stencil will be applied to the composition and the same outlines will be transferred to a still soft and pliable base. Now let’s begin a short, general master class on creating a bas-relief for interior decoration.

Types and themes of bas-relief

Not every relief pattern on the wall is called a bas-relief, but only one whose elements protrude from the surface by no more than half. If it’s more, it’s a high relief.

A wooden bas-relief looks original in the interior if you choose it according to the design style of the room and a color that matches the color of the furniture. In this case, it will harmoniously fit into the overall style.

Bas-relief ideas can be varied. Depending on the style, these can be plant and animal motifs; abstract elements or antique subjects look aesthetically pleasing. Size, plot and complexity will depend on:

• volume of the room;
• design style.

Often a three-dimensional image is made directly on the wall, but it is possible to install pre-prepared slabs with a ready-made relief. We also recommend looking at the options for decorative panels on this website http://mirstrojka.ru/dekorativnye-paneli/

Bas-relief techniques

Stucco molding on the wall at home can be done using one of them following methods, in order of increasing technical complexity:

• Plastering of free ones, i.e. models that were not initially fixed to the supporting surface and cannot be removed;
• Plastering of non-removable models on the supporting surface. These methods are especially good for beginners, because... allow you to receive the corresponding high and low relief, without risking the need to redo the whole work again in case of failure;
• Reverse casting from plaster according to the model to be removed. The method is somewhat more labor-intensive, but also suitable for beginners, because... You can pore over the model as much as you like until it is perfect. In addition, in one mold (form, mold) made according to a model, up to 20-30 identical products can be cast at home;
• Artistic plaster stucco in place, i.e. directly on the supporting surface. It requires thorough skills, but makes it possible to create large relief panels covering the entire wall, with contours around corners, going to the ceiling, and complete freedom of creative expression.

In place or on a sheet?

It is possible to make a bas-relief using methods 2-4 both locally and in parts on a table or floor. An excellent basis for fragments of a prefabricated bas-relief - plasterboard sheet, GKL. It is prepared as a base surface (see below), parts of the overall picture or complete compositions are drawn out on separate sheets or pieces of the desired shape (see figure), and mounted on a leveled wall.

Relief panels

The fastener heads and joints of the fragments are puttied with a base compound, then plastered and rubbed to match the base texture. Another good thing about prefabricated bas-reliefs is that a piece damaged due to inexperience can be remade without touching the rest. The bad thing is that the whole composition turns out to be heavy; It is impossible to attach a prefabricated bas-relief to weak walls (plasterboard, PHB partitions, etc.). however, it is generally not recommended to load weak walls with bas-reliefs - the load-bearing base must be stronger than the material of the composition.

Casting stucco moldings

To sculpt a bas-relief decoration on an entire wall, shown in the photo below, you need to have drawing skills, since its outline is first applied to the surface. If you are talented in another area, then the solution is simple: make silicone molds, cast plaster decorations in them and stick them on the walls.

Reference. Of course you can go more in a simple way: buy at an affordable price decorative molding elements made from modern materials– polyurethane or foam. But it is much more attractive and pleasant to create an individual pattern to suit your taste, suitable for the design of the room.

Task number one is the production of a three-dimensional prototype - a counter-relief, the basis for the future form. As a rule, the wall details of the landscape are various flowers, grapevine and other elements of nature that look equally good in any room - kitchen, bedroom or living room. A prototype of a pattern you like can be made in the following ways:

• mold from plasticine or clay;
• carve from wood;
• transfer the contours of the picture onto paper and give them relief using gypsum plaster, as shown in the video at the end of the section:
• finally, apply ready-made convex images and figures.

This is what a silicone mold looks like

Note. You can involve all family members in sculpting the counter-relief, including a child who knows how to handle plasticine well.

Now you need to purchase silicone with a hardening catalyst, the amount of which depends on the size of the resulting sculpture, and then proceed according to the following instructions:

1. Make a bath for pouring, the sides of which are 1 cm higher than the prototype. The simplest option– lay the counter-relief on the glass and sculpt plasticine sides around it.
2. Mix silicone with catalyst in the proportions indicated on the package. To control the quality of mixing, you can add a little food coloring to the solution. Pour it into the bath.
3. After waiting for it to harden, remove the silicone mold and remove any flash around the edges with scissors.
4. Prepare a solution of gypsum or alabaster (the consistency is like liquid sour cream) and fill the recess in the mold, remove the protruding part with a spatula. Allow 10-15 minutes to harden.
5. Remove the finished bas-relief, process its edges and glue it to the wall, ceiling or home fireplace.

Pouring the prototype with silicone solution

Advice. If your pattern has a thin and elongated shape, then after pouring the plaster, carefully lay 1-2 pieces of steel wire along the entire length for strength.

How a bas-relief is cast from plaster with your own hands is demonstrated in the video:

DIY plaster mold

Not all forms can be purchased in the store. However, if the desired form is not found, you can make it yourself. For example, there is a bird or some kind of animal in the picture. You can buy the figurine or toy you need and place it in plywood box. Fill its contents with liquid silicone, which is sold in all hardware stores. A day later, after the silicone has dried, the box is disassembled, the figurine is taken out and that’s it. The required form is ready. The alabaster mixture is poured into it well. Moreover, silicone molds do not need to be lubricated, unlike baby beads made of plastic material. The latter should be lubricated with vegetable oil.

To prepare the alabaster mixture, take: gypsum - 2 parts, water - 1 part. The prepared mixture is poured into molds and waits for about a day to dry completely.

Bas-relief with a butterfly in the bedroom

Bas-relief with landscape

The art of imitation wood plaster

A true master plasterer is able to reproduce, with the help of simple tools and a plaster composition, the structure and texture of any valuable finishing material, be it a rare stone or a valuable type of wood.

Decorative wood plaster is one of the favorite solutions of designers. Despite the apparent complexity, it can be done with your own hands.

What do we imitate?

Wood is a material with a huge number of variations in color, texture and structure. Imitation of wood with decorative plaster using a variety of devices and techniques involves creating:

1. Textures of wood of different species in a longitudinal section.
2. Textures in cross section.
3. Structures of wood eaten away by wood boring beetles.
4. Tree bark stylization.
5. Petrified wood structures.

In accordance with the chosen design, the material, tools and technique for performing the work are selected.

What do we imitate?

The plaster for the work can be of any composition - cement-sand, cement-lime, gypsum, acrylic or silicone. For the texture of bark beetles or tree bark, it is better to use ready-made structural plaster with coarse-grained filler, so the pattern will be especially embossed.

It is especially convenient to use ready-made acrylic and silicone compounds for beginners; these plasters remain plastic longer than lime or gypsum compositions, which allows you to repeatedly correct the work, and dry faster, unlike cement-sand plaster.

What do we use to imitate?

To perform the work, you will need tools not only from the plasterer’s arsenal:

• Spatulas of different sizes, shapes and materials - metal, rubber, comb with a straight blade, flexible and rigid.
• Squeegee spatulas with different notches on the blade.
• Trowel.
• Rollers with a relief pattern on the surface.
• Brushes with hard bristles.

I would especially like to dwell on a Japanese-made rubber spatula, one surface of which is designed to create a longitudinal cut relief, the second - to create knots and annual rings.

It is not necessary to use an expensive professional tool if there is a small amount of work to be done: embossed rollers can be replaced with ordinary paint rollers, wrapping them with improvised materials - threads, tape, plastic film, foil. Unevenly spaced folds will give a relief reminiscent of a longitudinal section of wood.

You can often correct or even create a wood-like relief with your hands, with your fingers, of course, wearing a glove, so that the chemicals do not damage the skin.

Before performing work, be sure to experiment: apply plaster to a piece of cardboard and create the intended relief.

How we imitate

One of the technologies for making plaster with a pattern of a longitudinal cut of wood:

1. Apply the plaster mortar to the wall with a stainless steel trowel, level it with a layer of 3–6 mm, and use a spatula to smooth the surface as much as possible, but without fanaticism.
2. Using any object: a hard shoe brush, a special brush with stiff bristles, or a professional rubber roller, apply wavy furrows, applying uneven pressure on the tool. The direction of the furrows - vertical, horizontal or at an angle - depends on the imagination of the author. The tool should be cleaned after each pass. Before the next operation, the surface must dry for 20–30 minutes.
3. Rub the surface with a smooth, hard spatula in a direction parallel to the relief to create a glossy surface. Let it dry for half an hour.
4. Apply the primer, tinted to the desired shade, onto the wall with a roller or, better yet, with a brush, so that the primer penetrates into all the grooves of the relief, and leave to dry for the time specified by the primer manufacturer.
5. Apply finishing layer paint, dry.
6. Use a special spatula to smooth the surface.

In this simple way, you can make a decorative panel or decorate a separate wall; in any case, decorative plaster will perfectly match both a smoothly painted wall and wallpaper.

Imitation of wood using decorative plaster is an easy finish to complete. While completely similar in appearance to a wooden surface, it has several advantages:

1. Does not burn.
2. Easy to do.
3. Does not take away space from the living space.
4. It costs several times less than cladding with wooden panels.

A rubber spatula is in your hands, lovers of wood in the interior!

The art of imitation - wood plaster Decorative plaster imitating wood is one of the interior design techniques. Unlike wood cladding, it is easy to do with your own hands, does not burn and is inexpensive.

Often like this design technique usually used for decorating private houses, where the layout includes. In this case, the decor can act not only in the form, but also as a pattern that surrounds the fireplace. In addition, this interior decoration will look great in door and window openings, the main thing here is to choose right size and texture. Aerobatics is a decorative bas-relief, which will include the presence of lighting. It will make the images more voluminous, creating the impression of 3D graphics.

An important point about using relief decor on the wall is that it does not necessarily require the presence of different colors, as is the case with ordinary painting. The main thing here is to choose the lighting wisely; this will allow you to highlight different edges of the image, using only artificial lighting, as shown in the photo.

There is a misconception that decorating a house with elements of bas-relief inserts is too expensive. In fact, how to make a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands is quite accessible for beginners. It is enough to strictly follow the step-by-step guide presented below. It is supplemented with a video that will allow you to answer many questions that arise during the work.

DIY bas-relief master class for beginners

People who are far from repairs often mistakenly think that such art decor It is a prefabricated structure, the elements of which are cast from gypsum. In fact, it is made by hand, and in essence is a truly original and unique work of art. Each bas-relief is unique in itself, even if the same sketch is used to create it. In principle, creating a three-dimensional drawing on the wall requires certain skills and abilities, as well as careful adherence to technology, however, even beginners can cope with the task.

First you need to decide on the material to create the decor. IN this process you can use various options, for example, plaster, gypsum, alabaster and even clay. However, if you are new to this activity, it is better to start working exclusively with plaster. As a last resort - gypsum-based plaster.

Master class Bas-relief of a flower from gypsum putty DIY video

After choosing the material, you should begin to create the so-called base, in which the decorative bas-relief on the wall will be created. To do this, you need to assemble a wooden box with low sides, which will require several slats and plywood as the bottom. The dimensions of the resulting box will coincide with the dimensions of the future decor; this should be taken into account when assembling it. Any box that has rigid walls and a base can replace the box.

The base of the box should be covered with film, and it is necessary that there are no folds on it, or you should try to keep their number to a minimum. Then you need to start preparing the solution, which should be carried out exclusively according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The finished solution is poured into the mold. For tall designs you will need reinforcement wire. After pouring the mixture into the box, leave it alone for initial drying; the duration of this period depends entirely on the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Bas-relief in the interior photo in the apartment

Now you can proceed directly to making the bas-relief with your own hands. The main condition here is to create the outline of the future ornament, which then needs to be filled with a mixture, which in turn will be prepared anew. The volume of future decor should be increased step by step, while allowing each previous layer to dry thoroughly. You can draw contours on the surface using a film, covering the surface with it, after which the film is removed.

Master class for beginners Wood bas-relief video

Plaster would be a very good material, since it is very convenient to work with it while it is wet. Due to the pliability of the material, it will be quite possible to remove excess plaster, as well as adjust the shape of the future design. Also, plaster that is not dry enough is easily sanded. You should not try to perform several layers at once, since hardening of each segment is a prerequisite.

In addition, the guide to "creating wall art for beginners" includes the ability to create recesses in the future wall panel. The recess is created in two available ways:

• Cutting through the material and removing some of it from the finished model using a chisel.
• Building up the background around a specific point, which ends up being lower.

Most often, a flower is chosen as the basis for the image on the bas-relief, usually a lily or a tulip. Creating a lily with your own hands may initially seem like too difficult a task, but in fact, even a beginner can do this process. It is important to follow every step of the process, which guarantees the creation of a successful relief.

Bas-relief paintings on the walls design photo

Often, lilies are applied directly to the wall, without creating a base in the form of a box. In this case, it is imperative to completely cover the remaining elements of the interior using masking tape to avoid damage. Next, the future base of the drawing must be covered with putty, and then, after waiting for it to dry, apply a primer. It is advisable to use the so-called primer paint as a primer, because due to its properties it allows you to obtain maximum adhesion to the elements of the decorative bas-relief in the future. This composition dries in about three hours.

Marseilles wax is applied with a trowel, which is a quickly hardening material suitable for the starting step. Using a film secured over the entire surface of the future bas-relief, details should be drawn. When securing the film, do not forget to be able to bend it freely; to do this, one edge should be left free.

Bas-relief on the wall in the interior photo in the apartment

Initially, you can outline the outline of the future drawing on the film using a marker. After that, having peeled back the film, you should follow the resulting marks to draw the future lily using the same Marseilles wax, which will be the most successful material if the painting is done directly on the wall, without using a backing.

Typically, the wax used in the work is white. To diversify the bas-relief, you can subsequently cover the frozen flower with a certain composition. However, the main task of the master is to give the bas-relief maximum realism. Acrylic paints can be used as the final layer of decorative finishing for the lily. We must not forget about the finishing layer, which must be used to draw each element of the composition.

Master class on how to create a flower on the wall video lesson

As you can see from the guide above, a bas-relief on a wall is an interesting, but labor-intensive process to create it with your own hands. Beginning craftsmen will need a little perseverance and attention, as well as strict adherence to technology. The important thing here is to stock up on attention and the necessary tools.

Wallpaper and paints, if you study the trends associated with the design and renovation of premises, are used less and less every year for the purpose of decorating walls in residential areas. This is not surprising, since no finishing material can guarantee a unique design. Its analogues are found among owners of other buildings. In addition, if the design of the walls was done by hand, then it is not possible to reproduce it with maximum accuracy.

Often the services of specialists in the field of decorative design of apartments and houses are expensive. In this case, you can do things differently and do everything yourself necessary work. In this regard, it is good to arrange a bas-relief on the wall with your own hands. For beginners, there is an accessible scheme for carrying out this manipulation.

Bas-relief: features

The materials used for this work are not cheap. Even putty is required of the highest quality, as is wallpaper glue. But these costs are justified because it is possible to prevent the loss of the results of the work performed.

Often, ready-made slabs, made by hand or ordered from artists, are used to decorate walls. Such ready-made slabs can be installed immediately. But sometimes the bas-relief is made directly on the wall. In this case, it represents an element of decorative plaster. More specifically, it takes on the role of monolithic stucco.

Unlike other types of design, in particular decorative painting, no additional color highlighting is required here. The volumetric pattern appears even without this thanks to the play of light. But this is possible with properly equipped artificial lighting. Due to this, it is possible to create an emphasis on the elements to be decorated at a certain time by turning on the lighting.

Along with decorative functions, bas-reliefs are able to cope well with various functional tasks. For example, they make it possible mask surface irregularities and decorate utility lines. Also they:

• form smooth transitions between different zones in the room;
• visually change the space in accordance with the wishes of the owners.

If you correctly combine volumetric relief and decorative painting, you can create an effect that is truly original in appearance. But despite the fact that the above technique is characterized by a number of advantages, it cannot be classified as popular. This is due to the high cost of such large-scale equipment.

Often, non-professionals make the mistake of labeling a bas-relief as a prefabricated structure made of plaster. But in reality, this type of decoration is formed by hand, so it is considered exclusive. It turns out that creating beautiful images on the wall requires a lot of effort.

List of required materials

To perform this work you need a certain set of materials and tools:

• putty knife;
• putty;
• acrylic paints;
• glue;
• acrylic contour for stained glass;
• slats;
• cutter.

Preparatory activities

Before you start creating a bas-relief yourself, you need to choose a suitable wall. She will need to be prepared. Clean the surface of old coatings, prime and dry. After this, cover the surface with putty. Wait until it dries and draw an image on it. It should be done using bas-relief technique.

An image is selected in advance to be placed on the wall. Make a sketch using a pencil. You should not try to create complex drawings the first time. It's better to gradually develop skills. A good option for a beginner would be to depict vegetation, birds and not too complex figures. If you don’t have any artistic abilities, then you can use the technique of drawing images using cells. Divide the drawing into squares, where all the lines from the drawing on the sketch are transferred one by one. It is important to remember to respect the scale of the image when redrawing details. You don't have to paint the whole picture at once. You can draw the outlines of objects depicted on the wall.

Operating technique

You can make a bas-relief using various materials:

• stone;
• clay;
• gypsum plaster;
• regular plaster.

The last two options are the simplest and most accessible to use.

The work is performed according to the following algorithm:

If you intend to arrange a high relief, then you can install wire reinforcement. In the future, it will also be located inside the relief figures, connecting them and the bases.

After this, you need to wait until the mixture sets. If the composition contains cement, then it takes 10 to 12 hours to harden. Otherwise, the concrete layer will not adhere to the base. Using alabaster, hardening occurs after heating the surface. The product can be removed from the mold at the hardening stage. On the side of the laid film, the surface will be waxed. The opposite parts, on the contrary, will be rough.

The next step is creating an image through sculpting when the contours of a three-dimensional image are applied to the slab. Following this, the volume within the contour begins to increase. For this purpose, a newly prepared mixture is used. This must be done in several stages so that each layer can slightly set and harden.

Working with alabaster is convenient and simple, since any excess is removed with a knife. This should be done at moments when the material is wet. It can be corrected with cutters or a chisel, which is designed for working with wood. It levels out with ease using sandpaper. Once plaster or alabaster has dried, it is much more difficult to cut and sand its surface.

If you need to perform an in-depth image, two ways are possible:

• deepen the drawing, selecting this or that amount of material with cutters and a chisel;
• build up a background layer around the image, further polishing the background to a smooth surface.

You can wet the tiles while working. The sculpting method is considered more economical than carving. Another way to form a three-dimensional image is to glue cast parts onto a base plate. You can also install them on the wall in advance. In this case, the seams between them are covered with plaster or sanded.

Reverse casting is considered one of the most complex and effective methods. This method was once used in the manufacture of natural decorative elements. As soon as the slab hardened, it was removed from the mold. An imprint of an in-depth image, the so-called counter-relief, was formed on the front side. It fully reflected the decorative features of the material. In the future, such a slab can be used as a decoration or a mold, casting new tiles using it. The finished products look like the real thing, and this is their advantage.

How to install the decor

In many ways, this procedure is similar to the installation of a conventional ceramic tiles. Installation is carried out using tile adhesive.

During work they also use:

• notched spatula;
• glue container;
• sandpaper;
• building level;
• plumb line

You may also need a screwdriver, drill and hardware.

Installation is carried out according to the following scheme:

If the facing slabs are massive and have a large pattern, you have to glue thick slabs directly to the wall, sacrificing the area of ​​the room. In such cases, additional holes in the slabs for anchoring can be considered. They are fixed to the wall or reinforcement elements are walled into the slab. They are mounted in the holes using glue.

After this, the seams between the plates, as well as the holes in them, are covered with grout, alabaster or putty, and cleaned. As soon as the bas-relief is ready, the drawing is adjusted. You can varnish it. Following this, the surface is painted to strengthen and ensure its water-repellent characteristics. This also allows you to achieve a decorative effect.

Bas-reliefs can be made to match the color of the material, forming a picture through the play of light and shadow. They also come painted. Such a pattern can either cover the entire wall in whole or in part, or take on the role of a decorative insert for a picture. There is a separate variety called counter-relief. It is most appropriate on surfaces with a large area. This technique involves moving the design onto the wall, and then making carvings of varying depths directly onto the plastered wall.

Sometimes the spots of the pattern and the deepening of the lines are made by fractions of a millimeter. In standard lighting, such a wall looks like a work surface. To clearly see the finished image, you will have to use backlighting.

Application of the cord

This method of making wall bas-relief is one of the quite simple ones. It is available for self-administration. Assumes using gypsum mortar and regular clothesline. The image is applied to a piece of foam plastic or fiberboard. After this, the rope is laid in specially marked lines. It is pre-moistened in gypsum solution.

After the product has dried, treat the surface and convex parts with a gypsum solution using a brush. This kind of decor can be used for decoration by gluing it on the wall. You can use a similar method to decorate furniture, for example, benches. No tiling is required. It is enough to lay the bench in the most convenient way, and then make a bas-relief on one side. As soon as it dries, you can switch to the opposite one. After this, the bench must be painted to resemble metal or stone.

Using a stencil

Using stencils, you can decorate. In this case, the image is transferred to penofol and then cut out. A sheet of gypsum fiber of a certain size is coated with a primer. A figure cut out of foam foam is placed on top.

If the bas-relief needs to be made directly on the wall using a stencil, follow the same algorithm. But the figure is glued directly to the wall. Before this, the unevenness is smoothed over using putty. The same is done with voids. You can sculpt smaller elements using stencils. Good for this salty dough. It has the ability to dry for a long time and keep its shape well. This gives you time to make adjustments if necessary.

Finishing work

When the required image has been created , you need to thoroughly clean the bas-relief from dust. After this, the following actions are performed:

• treat the material with a primer;
• paint the surface. It is better to use water-based emulsion for this.

It is advisable to cover the parts with lighter paint if they carry the main stylistic meaning. It is better to use a regular sponge rather than a brush to avoid unattractive streaks. They are able to change the dynamics of the picture. Once all these stages have been completed, the decoration can be considered ready.