Fibrolite created in Australia in 1910. Initially, the material was called Heraclide, in honor of the strongman of ancient Greek myths. It was implied that fibrolite - material equally persistent, “invincible.” However, he truly became like this in 1920. Why?
What is fibrolite
Material fibrolite- combination of wood fiber and cement. The latter was used as a binder in that very year 1920. This worked for the popularity and demand of the material. For cement in fiberboard it is approximately 40%. The composition and properties of the material are regulated by GOST 8928-81. Accordingly, in stores, fiberboards are often called cement-shavings.
Fiberboard
Wood fiber makes up approximately 60% of fiberboard. Otherwise, the filler is called wool, since the fiber is thin and long. Unlike ordinary shavings, the material does not exceed half a millimeter in diameter and can be elongated by 5 centimeters. A special machine twists the “threads”, producing something like yarn.
Wood wool is decorative, so it often decorates display cases, chests with expensive wine, and gift baskets with fragile items in them. In the cement mass, wood wool gives a rough surface. In addition to cement, wood wool in fiberboard is bound with calcium chloride. This is a mineralizer. Liquid glass can be added as an additional binder and strengthener.
There is a material related to fiberboard -. Its composition is the same. Hence the confusion of concepts. However, the ratio of components in wood concrete and the characteristics of the components are different. Cement accounts for no more than 20%, and often 10%. Small wood chips can be used in wood concrete and a 10% admixture of crushed bark is acceptable. Wood material for wood concrete - crushed croaker and other healthy trimmings, round wood. Fibrolite is made from the latter.
Properties and characteristics of the material
Enveloping cellulose along with cement, calcium chloride makes it non-flammable and prevents rotting. At the same time, wood wool makes construction the material is light. Air remains between the fibers. He's like anyone gaseous environment, poorly conducts thermal and sound waves. Therefore, "petrified" wood chips“It is not only strong, but also prevents buildings from freezing out and protects from noise. When laid in a floor screed, fiberboard absorbs, for example, 20 dB.
Construction of a house from fiberboard
Other properties of fiberboard include:
- Fire resistance. Fibrolite resists fire like stone.
- Optimal adhesion to the finishing coating, for example, plaster. Excellent adhesion, that is, the penetration of one material into another, is ensured by the rough surface of the fiberboard. Penetrating into its pores, the plaster is fixed “tightly”.
- Ease. Fiberboard slabs weigh approximately 4 times less than cement slabs.
- Density ranges from 250-500 kilograms per cubic meter. The exact indicator depends on the brand of fiberboard.
- Easy to process. Their fiberboard panels Easily drilled, sawed, pierced with nails. I am also pleased with the strength of the fastening of dowels in fiber-cast slabs.
- Moisture resistance. You can use fiberboard in rooms with a humidity of about 70%. In most city apartments, for example, air vapor saturation rarely exceeds 30%.
The standard sizes of fiberboard are 2.4 by 0.6 and 3.0 by 1.2 meters. Slabs 3 meters long and 60 centimeters wide are less commonly produced. Other possible options: 2.7 by 1.25, 3.2 by 1.25 and 3.6 by 1.2 meters. The thickness of fiberboard is 3 m, 5, 7.5, 10 or 15 centimeters. These are the slab options. Sometimes the material is produced in the form of blocks 40, 50, 60 centimeters thick.
Types of fiberboard
There are two related classifications of fiberboard. The first divides the slabs into grades F300, F400 and F500. The number is an indicator of density. It is measured in kilograms per cubic meter.
The second classification takes into account not only the density, but also the strength of fiberboard. There are already 6 brands:
- GB-1 - low density
- GB-2 - medium density and equally medium strength
- GB-3 - high density and strength
- GB-4 - a combined slab in which loose and dense layers alternate
- GB1L - minimum density
- GB3F - maximum density, with decorative coating
Decorative fiberboard can be without coating. Colored Portland cement can be used to hold the shavings together. Due to it, the slabs are pinkish, gray-purple, blue, and beige.
Production of fiberboard
Production of fiberboard begins with the receipt of chips. You need not only a long and thin one, but also one made exclusively from coniferous wood. Hardwood material is rich in sugars. They prevent the cement mass from setting. Coniferous wood bars are selected with a straight, even grain pattern. Such material is in short supply. Coniferous wood in general becomes like this. This hinders the development of fiberboard production.
The wood is “cut” on machines with a reciprocating motion. The knives are fixed in the support. It consists of a tool holder and a slide. The resulting wood wool is mixed with cement mortar and poured into molds. The mass in them is compacted using vibration. All that remains is to remove the slabs from the molds. This is done 30 hours after pouring. In order to gain strength characteristics, the fiberboard lies in the workshops for another 7 days. Then the blocks can be sent for sale.
During the Soviet era, when coniferous wood was not in short supply, fiberboard was produced in a volume of about 3 thousand cubic meters per year. Modern production at least 6 times more modest. Workshops are still located at woodworking enterprises, but less frequently.
Application of material
Fibrolite is a universal building material. It is used as:
- Structural, that is, being an element of structures. Can be folded fiberboard house. For this purpose, chip concrete blocks are used. Slabs are often used to make permanent formwork for foundations and walls.
- Acoustic. In this case, the emphasis is on the sound insulation properties of chip concrete. It is used as a substrate for finished floors, for the construction interior partitions and sound studios.
- Thermal insulation. Fibrolite board Suitable for insulating facades and roofs. In the latter case, the chip concrete is covered on top with a soft roofing covering such as andulin. On the facades, acrylic or metal panels. You can just plaster it over.
The loosest fiberboard F300 is used as a thermal insulation material. If it is necessary to make heat-structural or noise-insulating elements, use F400 chip concrete.
Fiberboard is easy to saw and can be processed
The 500th fiberboard is more structural than noise-absorbing and heat-saving. Fibrolite insulation F500 is low-power because it is minimally saturated with internal voids.
Pros and cons of fiberboard
Cement fiberboard has disadvantages that “follow” from the advantages. Thus, the porosity of the material not only ensures maximum adhesion to the plaster, but also allows the slabs to absorb water. Once it gets into the pores of the fiberboard, it can freeze. At the same time, the moisture expands. Ice literally tears the fiberboard structure from the inside. Therefore, in freezing rooms and when exterior decoration buildings, the material must be covered with waterproof “shields”.
High fiberboard density grades F400 and F500 serve as a guarantor of the strength of the slabs, but make them more freezing and reduce noise insulation. The ease of processing fiberboard implies equally simple mechanical damage to the material. Easily sawed and drilled blocks can also “easily” split when dropped and lose corners when hit during transportation.
The moisture resistance of fiberboard is also questioned. Small enterprises can produce chip concrete according to Soviet GOST standards. In this case, the slabs are susceptible to fungal infection. True, this often happens with wood concrete, in which the proportion of cement is minimal. In addition to the large percentage of the latter, fibrolite contains liquid threads. We're talking about molten glass.
The most common sizes of fiberbolite slabs
An absolute advantage is the service life of the fiberboard. If production standards are met, the material retains performance characteristics for 60-110 years. For example, Green Board slabs boast of the latest indicator. European manufacturer. Therefore, the cost of products is higher than that of domestic analogues.
Price
Price of fiberboard depends on the size of the slabs, thickness, decorativeness, percentage in the cement composition. The lower limit is 200 rubles. Maximum - 1100 per slab. This is what they ask for for multi-layer fiberboard of maximum width. If fiber cast ones are purchased, the price is set per cubic meter. It usually costs about 2500 rubles. For some manufacturers, the price is negotiable and partly depends on the volume of purchase. You can also purchase used fiberboard. In this case the cost standard plate starts from 50 rubles.
Greenboard GB600 - Green Board (fiberboard)
- ecologically pure slab material medium density (600 kg/m3), successfully and widely used in civil and suburban housing construction. It consists of loose wood encased in concrete. Green Board fiberboard is an effective replacement for OSB, plywood and other common materials with a similar scope. Fiberboard is fireproof (KM1), does not emit compounds harmful to human health, and sufficient vapor permeability does not trap moisture in the structure. Suitable for wet rooms: baths, bathrooms, boiler rooms, swimming pools, etc.
Application of Greenboard GB600
. walls and partitions
(GB600 - 14 or 25 mm): covering partitions and walls inside and outside along studs (close to the insulation). It is necessary to leave a gap of 3-5 mm between the seams of the slabs.
Finish: on a surface plastered with a mesh - wallpaper, tiles, painting, etc. or any decorative solutions for lathing.
. ceiling
(GB600 - 14 or 25 mm): ceiling lining on beams or sheathing.
Finish: any solutions for lathing.
. permanent formwork
(GB600 - 25 or 35 mm): installation of permanent formwork.
Finish: on a surface plastered with mesh - tiles, wallpaper, painting, etc. or any decorative solutions for lathing.
Membranes and films
should be used in accordance with the thermal engineering calculations of enclosing structures.
Fasteners- galvanized or phosphated self-tapping screws.
*
We recommend cutting the slabs using a jigsaw or hand circular saw. Cutting parts should be selected from steel with increased wear resistance. We recommend using a respirator and an industrial vacuum cleaner to remove dust while cutting.
Result
Green Board GB600 will provide additional rigidity wooden structures, will ensure fire safety and improve sound absorption of walls and partitions. In addition, the fiberboard board is capable of accumulating thermal energy, which has a beneficial effect on the thermophysics of enclosing structures.
Properties
The material is environmentally friendly and suitable for use in places with increased environmental requirements: hospitals, maternity hospitals, sanatoriums, kindergartens, etc.
Physical and mechanical properties:
. manufacturability:
Green Board GB600 is sufficiently durable, easy to install, and does not require special equipment or skills.
. durability:
The service life of fiberboard is almost comparable to the service life of materials such as steel or reinforced concrete, which allows the construction of buildings that do not require overhaul throughout the entire service life.
.
Fire safety:
Green Board is a low-flammability material (G1, D1, V1, RP1, T1).
. soundproofing:
the slabs have high level noise absorption of sound waves. Therefore, the material is often used in the form of absorbent screens for rooms with increased acoustic requirements. For example, in cinemas, shopping centers, restaurants, shooting ranges, etc.
Dimensions
Greenboard brand GB600 has a size: 3000 X 600 X 14, 25, 35 and 50 mm.
The edge is straight.
Composition and production
The material consists of three components:
. Portland cement - 39.8%;
. wood - 60%;
. sodium silicate (liquid glass) - 0.2%.
Production: Russia, Vladimir region.
How to buy Greenboard?
Fiberboard boards are our warehouse item, so buying Green Board with delivery to your facility or shipping it at your own expense from our warehouse in Moscow is very quick and easy. Our specialists will advise you on application, availability, discounts. They will also tell you and offer related products to save your costs on the delivery of everything you need.
On the construction market fiberboard boards popular. The raw material for its production is wood shavings. This explains many of the properties of natural wood, with the exception of rotting and rapid flammability. Treatment with several compounds, Newest technologies and low weight - these are the main advantages of the material.
IN this moment There are no analogues to greenboard. Soft woods, natural binding elements, and manufacturing in accordance with quality standards have made the material reliable and environmentally friendly.
Properties and photos of the slab are presented on the website
You can work with the stove without using special devices and technology. Its light weight standard sizes allow you to quickly carry out work on insulation and sound insulation. Greenboard boards have high strength due to wood fibers. Therefore, the material is allowed for use in construction monolithic houses. It is also used:
- As formwork for the construction of low-rise buildings;
- Additional layer for insulation work;
- As a sound insulation layer;
- As a layer on which the finishing will lie.
Green board slabs are used for the construction of panel-frame structures. The material is easy to cut, which makes it possible to build structures with it. various types. The material is mainly used for the construction of objects in the city, where good noise insulation is required.
The advantages and price of green board are described in the catalog
To get rid of doubts about whether it is worth buying a material in Moscow, you can consider its advantages:
- Environmental friendliness;
- Strength;
- Durability;
- Ease;
- Low price.
The board is completely protected from moisture, and its structure increases its fracture strength.
Wholesale and retail buyers can buy building materials from us in Moscow. We recommend that you read the information provided on the website and call our employee. We will answer any thematic questions. We have reasonable prices and good service. If necessary, we can also advise options for specific purposes. The cost of our materials is presented without unjustified markups, and we have developed unique bonus and discount programs for our clients.
We have been selling building materials in Moscow for a long time, which has allowed us to establish direct deliveries from manufacturers. To discuss the details of our interaction, just call us.
Fiberboards are a multifunctional building material based on wood chips. Fibrolite has many beneficial properties natural wood, but unlike wood, fiberboard is resistant to fire and is not subject to rotting processes.
Fiberboard boards were first developed at the beginning of the last century. Initially, they were made from shavings, sawdust, wood chips and various other waste from the woodworking industry. The first fiberboard slabs were characterized by good heat and sound insulation, but had extremely low strength. Over time, the technology for the production of fiberboard boards has improved significantly.
Modern boards contain fine wood wool from soft rocks wood The binding element is cement, liquid glass or caustic magnesite. Magnesite-based fiberboards are considered the most environmentally friendly and currently have no analogues in the world.
Fiberboards, in principle, cannot be called a new building material. The technology of using cement and wood shavings has been known for a long time, including the production of fiberboard. In addition to fiberboard boards, there are also CBPBs, which also use shavings and cement, but the shavings are crushed (chips).
Technologies are changing towards improvement. Standards issued back in the days of the Union, which are still used today, are becoming obsolete, and the material is acquiring new properties and areas of application. This fully applies to fiberboard boards.
Fiberboard history
The current GOST for this group of products has the 1981 edition. It was developed by the relevant ministry of the USSR. In accordance with its standards, fiberboard boards are provided with three grades that determine the characteristics of the material:
- F-300 (average density with a spread of 250-350 kg per cubic meter);
- F-400 (351–450);
- F-500 (451–500).
The first type is thermal insulation, the second is thermal insulation-structural, the third has structural properties in the first place, it is called that way - structural-thermal insulation. In addition, F-400 and F-500 are used for sound insulation. The standard specified dimensions, strength, water absorption and other characteristics.
Modern manufacturers have gone further: they have expanded the range of slab densities, and therefore the scope of use. One might say they have delineated the boundaries more clearly The density and size of the slabs vary, depending on where they will be used:
- Material with a low index is more often used as a soundproofing material.
- Plates having average density, mainly for fencing.
- For construction complex structures fiberboard with a higher density is required.
As clear example It is worth mentioning the slabs produced on the equipment of the Dutch company ELTOMATION. They classify low-density slabs in the entire range of domestic standards, and in addition they produce two more categories of slabs: with a density of 600–800 kg/cubic. m. and up to 1100 kg/cu.m. m.
Boards with the Green Board trademark are classified into three grades - GB1 (density 250–570), GB2 (600–800), GB3 (1000–1400).
Already from the density characteristics it is clear that in addition to the scope of use specified in the domestic standard, brands have been added that can be used as construction and finishing materials. One could argue: why invent something new for enclosing surfaces and cladding, because there is plywood , chipboard and OSB, which have high performance strength. But fiberboards have a number of advantages over them.
Fiberboard advantages
Fibrolite as thermal insulation material inferior to expanded polystyrene or mineral wool, but in pure form It is practically not used as insulation. If we evaluate the statistics, 40% of the market share in both our country and Europe is accounted for by permanent formwork. And in this capacity, fiberboard has a significant advantage over expanded polystyrene - it is non-flammable (class T1) and has breathable properties.
Environmental Safety
Fiberboard has excellent environmental properties. It does not emit harmful toxic substances and is absolutely safe for humans.
Durability
Fiberboard does not deform and is not susceptible to the destructive effects of insects, rodents, mold, fungi and other microorganisms.
Good thermal insulation
Wood has been famous for its heat-shielding properties since ancient times. Fibrolite, like natural wood, retains heat well.
Increased water resistance
Fibrolite has a high level of water resistance. Fiberboards can be installed in rooms with humidity up to 75%. In rooms with more high humidity It is recommended to protect fiberboard boards from dampness with plaster or waterproofing.
Fire safety
Fiberboard has a very high resistance to fire
Since the characteristics of the plates are high, its use in construction industry quite high. The production of fiberboard boards already exists long years, however, over time, the process has undergone significant changes, and the material has become better. To summarize the advantages, the material has the following technical characteristics:
- Fire safety. Thanks to astringent impregnation, the wood product becomes capable of this property.
- Moisture resistance. Again, due to the impregnating layer, the material copes well with water penetration.
- Strength. The fiberboard owes this quality to wood and a layer of cement.
- Resistant to rot and pests.
- Increased sound insulation.
- Ecological cleanliness.
- Excellent resistance to cold temperatures.
- Long service life.
- Easy to transport. Since fiberboard does not weigh much, heavy equipment is not required for this.
- Ease of installation.
The rest of the market is accounted for by panel-frame (20%) and panel (40%) construction. Compared to OSB and chipboard plywood, fiberboards do not contain phenolic resins, so they are more environmentally friendly.
Breathable properties and the ability to self-regulate humidity (absorption when there is excess and return when there is not enough) ensure the maintenance of comfortable living conditions. And of course, an important indicator is high fire safety.
General advantages as a building material are high durability, resistance to water (wood is “bound” with mineral additives), good adhesion to construction mixtures(plaster, putty), primers and paints.
Where are fiberboards used?
Fiberboard boards have standard sizes and are light in weight, so you can work with them without using heavy lifting equipment. Fiberboards are also actively used for insulation and sound insulation of internal and external walls, sloping roofs, attics, interior partitions and interfloor ceilings.
Since wood chips are added during the production of the material, the strength increases significantly, which is why fiberboard is often used during monolithic construction of buildings. In addition, it is used:
- for low-rise construction of houses as formwork;
- as a quality when laying an insulating layer;
- as a finishing sheathing, on which the finishing will be laid in the future;
- as soundproofing.
The use of fiberboard slabs in monolithic construction
Reduce construction costs monolithic house This is possible thanks to fiberboard, from which permanent formwork is often constructed. These structures are easy to install; in addition, you can solve the issue of insulating your home. Fiberboard slabs are often used in the construction of panel-frame houses. Due to their structural properties, fiberboards are ideal for the construction of permanent formwork.
Fiberboards are used for construction various options designs. To do this, the material is cut to the required dimensions, then, according to the design, the formwork is laid.
The use of fiberboard is most advisable in urban conditions, since it will protect against noise that causes considerable discomfort.
Manufacturing technology and composition
The process involves mixing wood shavings with water based and some additives. To do this, liquid glass or office glue in a diluted state is added to the shavings. This is necessary so that no chemical reaction occurs between the components.
Initially, wood wool is impregnated using a special binder mixture. A cement composition acts as a binder. After this, the material is poured and pressed into molds.
Such high properties are due to the composition, structure and manufacturing technology. Fiberboard is 60% wood, almost 40% cement, also containing no more than half a percent mineral additive. Three main factors can be distinguished; they distinguish fiberboard from other wood-based materials:
- at the first stage - the production of especially thin and long shavings, which are called wood wool;
- on the second - mineralization of wood (for example, with liquid glass) in order to “close” the access of water to the tree;
- at the third stage - horizontal orientation of wood wool during the manufacturing process of the board.
Wood and cement are environmentally friendly materials. Mineralization protects against moisture. The structure of the plate provides sufficiently high fracture strength. By adjusting the density of the slab, we achieve a certain set of basic operational properties- thermal insulation, sound insulation, structural strength.
There are many other advantages of fiberboard compared to other building materials. Despite the fact that fibrolite is relatively young building material, thanks to their unique properties and low cost, it is becoming increasingly used in modern construction practice. Watch the video:
What's happened fiberboard, are you asking a question? Fibrolite is one of the most common wood-based insulation materials.
How is fibrolite obtained?
It is obtained by mixing wood chips (wood strips over 50 cm long):
Cement and, of course, water. In addition, wood shavings are also impregnated with a solution liquid glass or calcium chloride. After which the mixture is pressed, dried and slabs called fiberboard are obtained.
Technical characteristics and application of fiberboard
Fiberboard comes in different densities and therefore has different markings.
The one that is used as insulation is marked M300.
M400 and M500 – thermal insulation and structural fiberboard.
The higher the brand, the greater the density and better thermal conductivity (or: it is worse as insulation - if that makes sense). For the actual thermal insulation, fiberboard M300 is intended, as it has the lowest thermal conductivity. The other two can also be used as construction material for load-bearing walls(this means that you can find houses made of fiberboard). True, it is better not to use it in finishing wet rooms: it can be affected by fungus.
Dimensions of fiberboard boards: length 2...2.4 m, width 50...60 cm, thickness 5...10 cm.
Advantages of fiberboard
- Easy to install (like any sheet material).
- Low degree of water absorption (compared to other wood-based materials).
- Plaster adheres well to it (because the surface is rough).
- Durability.
- Environmental friendliness.
- Fire resistance (does not burn).
Disadvantages of fiberboard
The disadvantage of this material has already been mentioned above: susceptibility to fungus, which is why fiberboard should not be used in wet rooms.
Area of application of fiberboard
Fiberboard boards are in current fashion for frame construction can be found quite often as part of SIP panels.
Permanent formwork is also made from fiberboard:
Permanent formwork from fiberboard it is arranged like this. On vertical racks Fiberboard slabs are attached and a solution is poured between them, for example, foam concrete or wood concrete. Fiberboard slabs are not removed after the solution has hardened, but serve as both insulation and a base for plaster.