The rules prohibit the operation of a car unless it is equipped with the following three mandatory accessories: a first aid kit, a fire extinguisher and a warning triangle. All this can be purchased at retail stores and must be stored in an easily accessible place in the car.
A warning triangle is a red triangle, which, if necessary, you must place on the roadway from the direction of approaching traffic. It is clearly visible not only during the day, but also at night, as it has the ability to reflect the headlights falling on it. Even in the dark on a country road, drivers will see it, understand in advance that there is danger ahead, reduce speed and be ready to stop or go around you. And this must be done without fail and immediately!
A few words about what hazard warning lights are.
Absolutely every car has such a key (or button) - if you press it, then all the direction indicators and two more repeaters on the side surfaces of the front wings begin to flash simultaneously. That is, as many as six lights flash at once orange color from all sides of the car. The driver, turning on the hazard warning lights or using a warning triangle, seems to shout to other road users:
"I have a problem's! Be careful! Now, without meaning to, I pose a danger to everyone!”
This is something like a special language (let’s call it “emergency language”). This language has only a few words and you need to know them. Moreover, both the one who “screams” and those who hear this “scream” need to know them. Then you can not only see that something happened, but also understand what exactly happened. Either an accident has occurred, or one person is towing another, or children are being boarded on a bus intended for their organized transportation.
The hazard warning lights must be turned on:
When towing (on a towed motor vehicle);
When the driver is blinded by headlights;
When boarding and disembarking children from a vehicle with identification marks “Transportation of Children”:
The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.
A warning triangle must be displayed:
In case of a traffic accident;
When forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
When forced to stop in any place where a stationary vehicle cannot be seen by other drivers in a timely manner.
In case of a traffic accident.
In the event of an accident, the first thing to do is to immediately turn on the hazard warning lights. Then also immediately put up a warning triangle. And only after that - everything else.
When forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited.
You already know how to behave during a forced stop - also, the first thing to do is turn on the emergency lights and put up an emergency stop sign.
Moreover, if you happen to break down in a place where stopping is not prohibited, or you manage to roll the car to a place where stopping is not prohibited (for example, to the side of the road), then in this case the Rules do not oblige you to “shout” to everyone about your problems.
However, if you are planning to repair it right on the road, then this is a different situation. Now you are certainly creating a danger for yourself and for the movement of other vehicles. And, therefore, they must turn on the emergency lights and put up an emergency stop sign.
Rules. Section 7. Clause 7.2. Paragraph 3.
This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must be at least 15 meters from vehicle in populated areas and at least 30 meters outside populated areas.
Did you notice: The rules established only the lower limit (at least 15 meters in populated areas and at least 30 meters on the road outside populated areas). The Rules say nothing about “no more.” Drivers must determine the upper limit themselves, guided by safety considerations in each specific situation
In all likelihood, something happened around the bend. And the driver put up a warning triangle, moving away from the scene of the incident much more than 30 meters.
In this situation, this is exactly what you need to do!
When towing.
Just try to make sure that the warning triangle does not obscure the state registration plate of your car.
When the driver is blinded by headlights.
Night time. The road is out settlement without artificial lighting. A car is driving towards you with its headlights on. Just imagine - you don’t see the road surface, you don’t see the markings, you don’t see the edge of the road, you don’t see that the road makes a turn. This is deadly!
The most correct thing now is to depict a forced stop. That is, there is no need to put up a sign, just turn on the hazard warning lights and smoothly stop without changing lanes. I assure you, this is the most correct and safe decision. Moreover, the Rules require the same.
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.2. Paragraph 5.
If blinded, the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.
Then, when the car that blinded you passes, start driving and, having accelerated to the average speed of the flow, turn off the emergency lights.
When boarding children in a vehicle with identification marks
"Transportation of children" and disembarkation from it.
For the organized transportation of children, buses are specially hired, and these buses must have “Transportation of Children” identification signs on the front and rear.
Children are children. Getting carried away, they may forget that they are on the road. Therefore, every time children are boarded or disembarked, the driver of such a bus is required to turn on the hazard warning lights. This is also one of the words in the “emergency language”, and it is very important that drivers understand it correctly.
The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.
Well, we have already considered one such case. This is when you decide to get repairs right on the road, and you are standing in a place where stopping is not prohibited.
Suppose this happens on the side of the road outside a populated area, that is, where stopping is not only allowed, but even prescribed by the Rules. You will now be walking around the car, opening and closing doors, hanging out under the hood, and perhaps even crawling under the car, leaving your feet on the roadway. And all this time cars will fly past. Of course, just because you turn on the hazard warning lights and put up a warning triangle, they won’t stop flying by, but drivers will be more attentive and, just in case, will increase the lateral interval towards you.
And another suitable case is when your vehicle has a malfunction that prohibits its operation. For example, the windshield was broken by a stone. Well, what to do now? In this case, the rules allow you to drive home or to the place of repair (do not abandon the car on the road). But with all necessary precautions! That is, firstly, you will move in the far right lane. Secondly, you need to move at a low speed (and it won’t work at a high speed - the wind will blow in your face, carrying with it road dust and sand). And thirdly, during such (!) movement you are required to turn on the hazard warning lights.
The rules do not cover all such cases. They simply allow you to use the alarm whenever you feel the need to do so.
Last update: 12/09/2019
7.1. The hazard warning lights must be turned on:
- when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
- when the driver is blinded by headlights;
- when towing (on a towed motor vehicle);
- when boarding children in a vehicle that has identification marks “Transportation of Children” (hereinafter identification marks are indicated in accordance with the Basic Provisions) and disembarking from it.
The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.
The hazard warning lights are activated by a special button with a triangle symbol on it. When the light is turned on alarm All direction indicator lights begin to work (blink) simultaneously.
In the cases listed above, turning on the hazard warning light is mandatory, but the driver can use it in other situations that he considers dangerous, i.e. These situations are determined by the driver himself.
For example, if you see an accident ahead, you can turn it on in advance to warn drivers who are driving behind - for them it will be a warning signal that something is wrong ahead.
When someone is backing out of a parking lot, they may not be able to see the traffic to the right behind them. You can stop in front of the person leaving, as if blocking the road for others in the outer lane, and turn on the hazard warning lights.
Those driving behind will pay attention to the situation, and the driver leaving will be able to calmly and safely leave the parking lot. As a sign of gratitude, he can “blink” the emergency lights a couple of times - this is one andh on road. Alternatively, you can move in later to the vacant space.
7.2. When a vehicle stops and the hazard warning lights come on, as well as when they are malfunctioning or missing, an emergency stop sign must be immediately displayed:
- in case of a traffic accident;
- when forced to stop in places where it is prohibited, and where, taking into account visibility conditions, the vehicle cannot be noticed in a timely manner by other drivers.
This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must be at least 15 m from the vehicle in populated areas and 30 m outside populated areas.
The warning triangle is an equilateral triangle with a red reflective border (outside) and an orange border (inside). It is advisable that it be on a stable stand, so that it does not have to be “fenced” with anything later.
In the cases listed in paragraph 7.2, the warning triangle must be displayed not only when the alarm system is faulty or absent, but also when it is turned on (working).
7.3. If there is no or faulty hazard warning light on a towed motor vehicle, a warning triangle must be attached to its rear part.
Therefore, you need to take care of where in the back of the car you will have to attach the warning triangle.
7. USE OF EMERGENCY ALARMS AND WARNING SIGNS
Reader B: What is an alarm?
Reader A: How to turn it on? The hazard warning lights are activated by a button located in the car's interior next to the instrument panel. Most often this is an orange or red button with a triangle on it (Fig. 93).
The hazard warning lights must be turned on:
when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
when the driver is blinded by headlights;
when towing (on a towed motor vehicle).
The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.
Reader A: The need to turn on the hazard warning lights in the event of an accident on the road is beyond doubt. It is necessary to warn other drivers about dangerous situation so that they can avoid damaged vehicles, injured people and those providing first aid.
Reader B: Section 1 of the Rules provided a definition of a forced stop. I remember: this is a cessation of movement due to technical malfunction transport, the danger created by the transported cargo, the condition of the driver or passenger, as well as due to obstacles on the road.
Reader A: We also turn on the hazard warning lights in case of blinding.
Reader B: Why turn on the hazard lights on a towed car?
Reader A: Clause 7.1 says that it is necessary to turn on the alarm in other cases. Which ones exactly?
When stopping a vehicle and turning on the hazard warning lights, as well as when they are malfunctioning or missing, an emergency stop sign must be immediately displayed:
in case of a traffic accident;
when forced to stop in places where it is prohibited, and where, taking into account visibility conditions, the vehicle cannot be noticed in a timely manner by other drivers.
This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must be at least 15 m from the vehicle in populated areas and 30 m outside populated areas.
Reader B: What does a warning triangle look like?
Reader B: We understand at what distance the sign is placed, but on which side of the vehicle should it be placed?
And also know that if you are forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited, the driver must take all measures to remove the vehicle from these places (clause 12.6 of the Rules).
Reader A: This is understandable, but that’s why the Rules indicate different distance on which the sign should be placed?
That is why in populated areas where traffic speeds are lower, minimum distance, on which a sign is displayed less (Fig. 95) than outside populated areas, where traffic speeds are higher (Fig. 96).
Don't forget that you must turn on the hazard lights before putting up a sign.
Reader A: If the hazard warning lights fail, for example if they are damaged in a traffic accident, the warning triangle will still warn other road users of the danger. But is it possible to tow such a car?
If there is no or faulty hazard warning light on a towed motor vehicle, a warning triangle must be attached to its rear part (Fig. 97).
Reader B: How to attach a warning triangle to the rear of a vehicle?
There is always a rope or piece of wire in the trunk of your car. However, in order not to waste time searching, I recommend that you prepare all this in advance and put it in the case along with the warning triangle. Also determine in advance the places where, if necessary, you will attach the sign. From the book School of Accident Survival and natural disasters author Ilyin AndreyRADIO EMERGENCY ALARMS International space system search for emergency ships and aircraft (COSPAS-SARSAT) has been used in world rescue practice since 1982. During this time, with its help, about four thousand people who found themselves in
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The rules prohibit the operation of a car unless it is equipped with three mandatory accessories: first aid kit, fire extinguisher and warning triangle. All this can be purchased at retail stores and must be stored in an easily accessible place in the car.
A warning triangle is a red triangle, which, if necessary, the driver must place on the roadway from the direction of approaching traffic. The sign is clearly visible not only during the day, but also at night, as it has the ability to reflect the headlights falling on it. Even in the dark, other drivers will see it, understand in advance that there is danger ahead, reduce their speed and be ready to stop or go around you.
A few words about what hazard warning lights are.
Absolutely every car has such a key (or button) - if you press it, then all the direction indicators and two more repeaters on the side surfaces of the front wings begin to flash simultaneously. That is, as many as six orange lights flash on all sides of the car at once. The driver, turning on the hazard warning lights or using a warning triangle, seems to shout to other road users:
"I have a problem's! Be careful! Now, without meaning to, I pose a danger to everyone!”
This is something like a special language (let’s call it “emergency language”). This language has only a few words and you need to know them. Moreover, both the one who “screams” and those who hear this “scream” need to know them. Then you can not only see that something happened, but also understand what exactly happened. Either an accident has occurred, or one person is towing another, or children are being boarded on a bus intended for their organized transportation.
The hazard warning lights must be turned on:
– when towing (on a towed motor vehicle);
– when the driver is blinded by headlights;
– when boarding children in a vehicle with identification marks “Transportation of Children” and disembarking from it:
– the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users about the danger that the vehicle may create.
A warning triangle must be displayed:
– in case of a traffic accident;
– when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
– when forced to stop in any place where a stationary vehicle cannot be seen in a timely manner by other drivers.
In case of a traffic accident.
In the event of an accident, the first thing to do is to immediately turn on the hazard warning lights. Then also immediately put up a warning triangle. And only after that - everything else.
When forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited.
You already know how to behave during a forced stop - first of all, turn on the emergency lights and put up an emergency stop sign.
Moreover, if you happen to break down in a place where stopping is not prohibited, or you manage to roll the car to a place where stopping is not prohibited (for example, to the side of the road), then in this case the Rules do not oblige drivers to “shout” to everyone about their problems.
However, if you are going to repair it right on the road, then this is a different situation.
Now you are certainly creating a danger for yourself and for the movement of other vehicles. And, therefore, they must turn on the emergency lights and put up an emergency stop sign.
Rules. Section 7. Clause 7.2. Paragraph 3
. This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must beat least 15 meters from a vehicle in populated areas andat least 30 meters – outside populated areas.Did you notice: The rules set only the lower limit ( no less15 meters in populated areas And no less30 meters on the road outside populated areas). The Rules say nothing about “no more.” Drivers must determine the upper limit themselves, guided by safety considerations in each specific situation.
In all likelihood, something happened around the bend. And the driver put up a warning triangle, moving away from the scene of the incident much more than 30 meters.
And he did the right thing!
In this situation, this is exactly what you need to do!
When towing.
Everyone who has ever been towing or being towed has fully tasted all the “delights” of such a movement.
The distance between the cars is from 4 to 6 meters (this is the length of the tow rope), both are very limited in maneuvering, they can only accelerate slowly and brake only smoothly. In a word, it’s also “pleasure”.
In this situation, all you need is to competently “shout” to everyone that you are being towed - when moving, the towed person must have the emergency light signaling.
Moreover, it is at the towed and only for the towed one!
What to do if the alarm system does not work?
Rules. Section 7.Clause 7.3.
If there is no or malfunction of the hazard warning lights on the towed motor vehicle, a warning triangle must be attached to its rear part.
Just try to make sure that the warning triangle does not limit your view and does not obscure the state registration plate of your car.
When the driver is blinded by headlights.
Night time. A road outside a populated area without artificial lighting. A car is driving towards you with its headlights on. Just imagine - you don’t see the road surface, you don’t see the markings, you don’t see the edge of the road, you don’t see that the road makes a turn. This is deadly!
The most correct thing now is to depict a forced stop. That is, of course, there is no need to put up a sign, just turn on the hazard warning lights and smoothly stop without changing lanes. I assure you, this is the most correct and safe decision. Moreover, the Rules require the same:
Rules. Section 19.Clause 19.2. Paragraph 5.
If blinded, the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.Then, when the car that blinded you passes, start driving and, having accelerated to the average speed of the flow, turn off the emergency lights.
When boarding and disembarking children from a vehicle that has the “Transportation of Children” markings.
For the organized transportation of children, buses are specially hired, and these buses must have “Transportation of Children” identification signs on the front and rear.
Children are children. Getting carried away, they may forget that they are on the road. Therefore, every time children are boarded or disembarked, the driver of such a bus is required to turn on the hazard warning lights. This is also one of the words in the “emergency language”, and it is very important that drivers understand it correctly. That is, when driving around such a bus, you need to be extremely careful and take all precautions.
The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.
Well, we have already considered one such case. This is when you decide to get repairs right on the road, and you are standing in a place where stopping is not prohibited.
Suppose this happens on the side of the road outside a populated area, that is, where stopping is not only allowed, but even prescribed by the Rules. You will now be walking around the car, opening and closing doors, hanging out under the hood, and perhaps even crawling under the car, leaving your feet on the roadway. And all this time cars will fly past. Of course, just because you turn on your hazard warning lights and put up a warning triangle, they won’t stop flying by, but drivers will be more attentive and, just in case, will increase the lateral interval towards you.
And another suitable case is when your vehicle has a malfunction that prohibits its operation. For example, the windshield was broken by a stone. Well, what to do now? In this case, the rules allow you to drive home or to the place of repair (do not abandon the car on the road). But with all necessary precautions! That is, firstly, you will move in the far right lane. Secondly, you need to move at a low speed (and it won’t work at a high speed - the wind will blow in your face, carrying with it road dust and sand). And thirdly, during such (!) movement you are required to turn on the hazard warning lights.
The rules do not cover all such cases. According to the Rules, drivers must turn on the emergency lights whenever they, voluntarily or unwittingly, create a danger to traffic.
International emergency signs
(used to signal aircraft from the ground)
Code table.
For victims deprived of emergency signaling “tools,” an emergency signaling method has been invented - international code table.
The code table signals are laid out in open places that are clearly visible from the air - on hillsides, clearings. Different sources indicate different recommended signal sizes, depending on the tastes and departmental preferences of the authors. Therefore, it is better to stick to the international standard: 10 m long, 3 m wide and 3 m between signs. But in any case, no less than 2.5 m. Otherwise, the sign will be difficult to make out from a great height. There are no upward restrictions - the more significant the signal, the higher the likelihood that it will be noticed.
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For the same purpose - communicating specific information to pilots of search aircraft - another form of signaling is used - international aviation emergency gestural signaling.
1. Please take me on board.
2. Technical assistance required.
3. It’s convenient to land here.
4. Everything is fine.
5. I understand, I comply.
6. I have a radio station.
7. It’s dangerous to land here.
8. I can’t move, I need it
health care.
9. Ready to accept the pennant, written
message.
10. Yes.
11. No.
Another form of signaling is used for the same purpose - communicating specific information to search aircraft pilots. Only it’s no longer international, but ours, domestic, accepted into the Air Force.
It is impossible to say in advance with whom the victims will have to communicate in the conditions of an accident - with our or not our aviators and which of them adheres to which gesture system, so it is better, just in case, to know both:
1. “An incident has occurred, there are victims” - a person lying on the ground, or a circle of fabric (an extended parachute), in the middle of which is the figure of a lying person.
2. “We need food, warm clothing” - a person sitting on the ground, or a triangle made of fabric.
3. “Show me which direction to go” - a person with his arms raised and slightly spread to the sides, or a thin, long triangle of fabric in the shape of an arrow.
4. “Here you can land” - a person in a shallow squat with his arms extended forward, or a square of fabric.
5. “Land in the direction indicated” - a standing person with his arms extended forward in the direction of the approach or a landing “T” made of fabric.
6. “You can’t sit here” - a standing person with his arms crossed above his head or a cloth cross.
In addition to special ones, there are simplified distress signals, which rescuers from almost all departments are aware of to one degree or another.
For example, the SOS signal, universal in all respects, or any other light or sound signal, repeated three times in a row at short intervals. It doesn’t matter what it will be - three lights, three columns of smoke, three loud whistles, three shots, three light flashes, etc. - as long as the signal is triple.
There should be a one-minute pause between each group of signals. Three light or noise signals - a minute of rest - and again three signals.
The international distress signal received in the mountains looks a little different: six whistles, flashes or hand waves per minute, then a one-minute pause and repeat